Scientific Journal “Issues of National and Federative Relations”. Issue 1 (40), 2018.

CONTENTS

QUESTIONS OF HISTORY

HISTORY AND DIPLOMACY

RELIGIOUS AND PUBLIC RELATIONS

POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS AND PROCESSES

WORLD POLITICS AND INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE

HISTORY AND ARCHEOLOGY

Our authors № 1-2018

QUESTIONS OF HISTORY

O.A. KOSHKINA Candidate of historical sciences Head of the research department of history of the Public State-financed Scientific Institution under the Government of the Republic of Mari El «Mari Scientific Research Institute of Language, Literature and History named after V.M. Vasilyev», Yoshkar-Ola, Republic of Mari El, Russia

ORGANIZATION OF EVACUATION OF THE POPULATION IN THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR (ON THE MATERIALS OF THE MARI ASSR)

The study of evacuation processes during the Great Patriotic War is of great scientific interest. Particularly relevant is the study of the organization of these processes and the experience of working in a separate rear region. In domestic historiography as a whole, not to mention the regional, the topic of evacuation during the war years is still among the weakly discovered in the scientific plan. To some extent, it was touched upon in various publications about the Great Patriotic War - collective labor, collections of articles, etc. The purpose of this article is to consider issues of evacuation of the population in the Mari Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic in the years of the Great Patriotic War. Methods of analysis and systematization were used in the article. The author analyzed the organizational structure of the evacuation of the population, the system of support and employment.

Key words: Mari ASSR, evacuees, Evacuation Council, resettlement department, evacuation center.

L.M. ANDREEVA candidate of historical sciences, the senior lecturer of Faculty of philosophy of UFA state petroleum Technical University of UFA, Ufa, Russia

E.S. PONKINA candidate of psychological Sciences, the senior lecturer of Faculty of philosophy of the UFA State oil Technical University of UFA, Ufa, Russia

STATE – BUILDING IN THE SOUTHERN URALS IN 1917

Аrticle considers 1917 events of the year in the southern Urals, where an attempt was made to leaders of political parties and democratic State education, held in tight competition fight.

Key words: multi-party system, Liberal Democrats, right-wing and left-wing socialists revolutionaries, public safety committees, statehood, workers, soldiers and peasants deputies, The constituent Assembly.

A.G. VIKTOROV graduate student Astrakhan State University Astrakhan, Russia

ANALYSIS OF COMPARATIVE CHARACTERISTICS AND INDICATORS OF SOCIAL AND POLITICAL LIFE OF THE LOWER VOLGA REGION IN 1965-1985

The article this article presents the key factors and indicators that shape a positive political climate. The importance of studying these factors is conditioned by the specific historical focus of the study and, in turn, is confirmed by the failure of elaboration of this issue.

The problem of interaction of the Central government and the regional authorities with the population is one of the most important issues of our time.

This retrospective study on the example of the Soviet era, and more specifically 1965-1985, allows to study the main trends of socio-political interactions and correlate them using parametric indicators to obtain more accurate and detailed result.

Key words: 1965, 1985, the social and political life.

HISTORY AND DIPLOMACY

D.E. SLISOVSKIY PhD in History, Professor of Department of Humanities and social Sciences, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia

N.P. MEDVEDEV PhD in Policy, Professor of Department of Humanities and social Sciences, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia

R.A. BERESNEV student-international Affairs of Department of Humanities and social Sciences, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia

POLICY OF THE RUSSIAN AND AMERICAN DIPLOMACY BEFORE THE RUSSIAN-JAPANESE WAR (1904-1905)

The reference to history and the attraction of historical facts and events as perhaps the only and strongest argument for understanding what constitutes present and future politics is an undisputed principle. "History punishes for ignorance of lessons", said Russian historian V.O. Klyuchevsky. With this thesis started his speech, the Minister of foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation S. Lavrov at a security conference in Munich February 17, 2018. This approach has become the basis for the article to present a systematic and critical analysis of the content and nature of diplomatic correspondence, in which there is extensive information of evaluation judgments, conclusions, conclusions, recommendations and actions of Russian diplomatic services, diplomats of different levels, the highest echelon of state officials and figures of tsarist Russia in the field of interstate policy and in Russian-American relations in the context of the events in the far East in 1900-1903. The aim was to reveal the level of diplomatic support of the foreign policy of Russia and the United States in their confrontation in a specific region during a certain historical period. The specifics of diplomatic and strategic thinking of the ruling elites of the two countries, the principles, goals and objectives of foreign policy planning is shown, as it evaluated the possibilities and prospects of their countries during the first three years of the twentieth century. Historiography of diplomatic relations between Russia and the United States in the war against the Russo-Japanese war (1904-1905) – scale publications, the interest and attention of researchers, is significantly inferior to the war and post-war period. This is one reason why the focus of our study is not the period of relations of the two countries during the Russo-Japanese war and after it, but before the war. Among other reasons – we expected to approach the analysis of archival materials, that weren’t included in scientific circulation, in their interpretation based on the method of positive criticism to more or less complete description of how these relations developed between the two countries, what topics and problems, approaches and principles divided and united Russia and the United States, which didn’t prevent, after all, Russia’s involvement into military conflict with Japan.

Key words: Diplomatic relations, international relations, Russia and the United States at the beginning of the twentieth century.

RELIGIOUS AND PUBLIC RELATIONS

A.B. KANAEV Associate Professor, Candidate of Political Science, doctoral candidate of the Kyrgyz National University of. G. Balasagyn, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic

RELIGIOUS POSTMODERNISM AND ITS POLITICAL ANALYSIS IN THE KYRGYZ REPUBLIC

The scientific article deals with the issues of religious postmodernism in the Kyrgyz Republic. Soviet atheistic religious studies defined religious modernism as "one of the ways to adapt religion and theology to the new socio-historical conditions, to the changed consciousness of believers». The main reason for the existence of religious modernism are attempts by religion to "adapt" to the existing modern social relations, and thus "extend the existence" of religion.

Key words: postmodernism, religious processes, atheism, religion, Hare Krishna, church.

A.V. SCHEPETKIN Postgraduate, Missionary Institute, Department of theology, Ekaterinburg, Russia

COMPARISON OF THE STOUDITEAND NEO-SABAITICFESTIVE DIVINE SERVICE ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE FEAST OF THE TRANSFIGURATION OF THE LORD

This article maps the rite of the worship of the great feasts (for example, the feast of the Transfiguration of the Lord) according to the StouditeTypikon(which operated in the Russian Church during the XI-XIV centuries) and according to the Jerusalem Typikon(which theoretically continues to operate in the Russian Church at the present time). The article contains the first published material – instructions of the TAS-OCS (Old Church Slavonic translation of the Typikon of Patriarch AlexiosStoudites) related to the Transfiguration day, translated into Russian and provided with footnotes and explanations. In the future it is planned to publish the liturgical chapters of the TAS-OCSin their full extent.

Key words: StouditeTypikon, TAS (Typikon of Patriarch AlexiosStoudites), TAS-OCS (Old Church Slavonic translation of the TAS), ancient Russian service, liturgical books, Neo-SabaiticTypikon, Transfiguration of the Lord.

POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS AND PROCESSES

I.Yu. ZALYSIN Doctor of Political Sciences, Professor, Head of Department of Political Science, Russian State Agrarian University-МAA, Moscow, Russia

TERRORISM – THREAT TO THE CONTEMPORARY WORLD ORDER

The article is devoted to the problem of terrorism as a factor of the disintegration of the modern world system. The main features of terrorism of the XXI century are revealed, which make it a global danger. The reasons of growth of terrorist activity in the world are investigated. Particular attention is paid to the analysis of the activities of Islamic extremists. The problems and prospects of combating transnational terrorism are considered.

Key words: terrorism, causes of terrorism, terrorist activities of Islamic extremists, "global jihad", world order, fight against terrorism.

G.YU. NIKIPORETS-TAKIGAWA PhD, kandidat of sciences, Dean of the Faculty for Humanities, Head of Department of Political Science and International Relations, Russian Social State University Moscow, Russia; Lecturer of the Department of Slavonic Studies of the University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK

A.A. MIKHALENKO Master’s student, Department of Political Science and International Relations, Russian Social State University, Moscow, Russia

A.YU. MUZALEVSKAYA Master’s student, Department of Political Science and International Relations, Russian Social State University, Moscow, Russia

TO THE QUESTION OF INTERDEPENDANCE OF THE YOUTH POLICY AND MIGRATION FLOWS IN RUSSIA

The paper analyses the reasons for the young people migration from the national republics of the Russian Federation and from ‘near abroad’ countries to the large economically well-developed Russian cities. The problems of adaptation and integration of the young migrants in the host society, the current situation of the youth in Russia, and the effectiveness of the implementation of the state youth policy in the Russian Federation are discussed. The results are retrieved over the methods of online questionnaires and in-depth interviewing of migrants from national republics and from near abroad countries, as well as of the experts in the field of the state youth policy. It is revealed that despite the dissatisfaction expressed in the interviews on the standard of living in host cities, quality of work and the economic difficulties, most migrants obtain in the large cities of the Russian Federation what they move for – work they do not have at home or for which they receive a lower salary, which bring risk of the survival. On the basis of the results, ways to harmonize the problem of the young people outflow from their home cities, republics and countries, and the state youth policy are introduced.

Key words: migration, immigration, respondents, youth, self-realization, state youth policy.

A.A. AMIANTOV Ph.D. (political sciences), Associated Professor of the Department of Political Sience and Political Management of the Russian Presidental Academy of National Economy and Public Administration in the direction of political institutions, processes and technologies, Associated Professor at the Chair of Political Analysis and Management, Russian Peoples’ Friendship University, Moscow, Russia

А.А. MASLIANYI notary of the Moscow, lawyer, Moscow, Russia

COMPETENCE OF THE LEGISLATIVE (REPRESENTATIVE) BODIES OF GOVERNMENT AUTHORITY OF SUBJECTS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

The article examines the powers of the legislative bodies of state power of the subjects of the Russian Federation, as well as the forms of interaction of regional parliaments with senior officials and executive authorities of the subjects of Russia. The peculiarities of participation of parliaments of Russian regions in the federal legislative process are revealed.

Key words: parliament, subjects of the Russian Federation, powers of regional parliaments, legislative process.

R.I. BALBEK postgraduate student seeking degree at the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and State Service, Moscow, Russia

TECHNOLOGIES OF EXTERNAL INFLUENCE ON INTRA-POLITICAL PROCESSES: ON THE EXAMPLE OF POLITICAL SOCIALIZATION OF THE CRIME YOUTH FOR INTERNATIONAL FORCES IN "UKRAINIAN PERIOD"

In this article, technologies of external influence on internal political processes in the region, based on the use of ethnic and religious issues, and affecting the ideological attitudes and political socialization of the youth of the Crimea are considered. The ways of internationalization of ethnopolitical conflicts and the activity of transnational ethno-religious communication networks (TEKS) are considered.

Key words: political socialization, Crimea, technologies of destabilization, transnational ethno-religious communication networks (TEKS), internationalization of ethnopolitical conflicts, Crimean-Tatar factor.

N.E. SYCHUGOVA graduate student of department of regional studies and programs of state fiscal institution «Scientific-Research Institute of Human Sciences of the Government of the Republic of Mordovia», Saransk, Russia

IMPACT OF POLITICAL DECISIONS OF PUBLIC AUTHORITIES ON MODERN DEVELOPMENT OF ECONOMY OF RUSSIAN FEDERATION

The present article concerns the impact of political decisions introduced by public authorities on the economy of the Russian Federation as well as its political and economic stability. The author of the article cited the types of interaction between politics and Economics. It includes the examples of political decisions that have had a strong impact on modern Russia.

Key words: political decisions, Russian Federation, economic policy, economic stability, political stability.

D.A. SHOVKANOV graduate student of the faculty of national and federative relations of the Institute of state service and administration of Russian presidential Academy of national economy and state service under the President of the Russian Federation, Deputy General Director of JSC "State insurance company "Yugoria", Khanty-Mansiysk, Russia

PROBLEMS OF HIGH-QUALITY PERSONNEL OF STATE AND MUNICIPAL AUTHORITIES IN THE FIELD OF NATIONAL POLICY

The article deals with the issues of personnel potential of state and municipal employees engaged in state regulation in the field of interethnic relations, as well as the actions of officials of state and municipal authorities, which lead to negative consequences in the field of interethnic relations.

The basis of the disclosure of the problems of scientific articles are empirical studies of unreasonable and delayed actions of officials who, in one way or another, have generated ethnic tension, provoked protests and challenges of ethnic groups, which also contributed to the growth of tolerant behavior among the population.

The author gives examples of ethno-monopolization of industrial sectors of the non-primary sector of the economy, the emergence of segregational behavior among nationalities, their ethnic differentiation, which is also the result of short-sighted actions of officials that lead to ethnic tensions and ethno-political conflicts.

The use of the comparative method made it possible to analyze the activities of officials of public authorities and local self-government and to obtain certain results, including to establish a causal relationship between the late actions of officials affecting the interests of different ethnic groups with the onset of ethnic conflicts, escalation of ethnic conflict, which puts the above actions in line with other sources of inter-ethnic conflicts.

In this regard, the author reasonably concludes that incompetent actions of officials may affect the harmonization of interethnic relations, in this regard, proper training and professionalism of civil servants, as well as the presence of a high tolerant culture is an important element in the mechanism of implementation of the state national policy.

Key words: state national policy, public administration in the sphere of interethnic relations, interethnic relations, interethnic and ethno-political conflicts, interethnic tensions, interethnic tolerance, harmonization of interethnic relations.

WORLD POLITICS AND INTERNATIONAL EXPERIENCE

K.P. KURYLEV Doctor of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Theory and History of International Relations, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia

A.G. SERIKBAYEVA Master-student of the Department of Theory and History of International Relations Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia

"DIPLOMACY OF THE GREAT SILK ROAD": KAZAKHSTAN – JAPAN

The article examines the influence of Japan on the New Silk Road in Kazakhstan, prospects and problems encountered in the development of the economy of this region. The aim is to find out the direction of the development of the Silk Road in Central Asia, the possible consequences of the influence of the Trade Route in this region. The article uses the world experience, events, analysis of political scientists in Japan, US and other developed countries of the world. The practical significance of the article will be of interest to political scientists, journalists, investors, analysts. Conclusions are drawn about the future development of the path of the Kazakh-Japanese economic relations. The participation of Japan in the development of the New Silk Road as one of the main strategic partners of Kazakhstan and Central Asia is analyzed. The result of this work was an analysis of maintaining stability in the region as one of the main ways of developing Japan in maintaining economic and political relations with Kazakhstan. Development of the Republic of Kazakhstan as one of the main economic partners of the New Silk Road. The practical significance of the results of the work is that it reveals numerous problems in the development of international relations between Kazakhstan and Japan, to further improve diplomatic cooperation.

Key words: diplomacy, economics, Kazakhstan, Japan, New silk road, “One belt, one road”.

FATEMEH ATRI SANGARI post-graduate student at the Chair of Comparative Political Science, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia

ROLE OF IDENTITY IN THE FOREIGN POLICY OF THE ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN

In the process of decision-making and implementation of foreign policy the Islamic Republic of Iran is facing the following basic and fundamental issues. What is the situation in which it found itself? Which of the many national roles corresponds to its situation and status? To what extent does each of the available behavioural alternatives correspond to its role? What kind of behaviour is the most appropriate in the light of such situation, roles and alternatives? It means that Iran behaves in accordance with the norms that define its identity and role as an Islamic republic. According to the model of foreign policy based on constructivism, at the domestic and international levels general intersubjective norms form the national identity of Iran, which implies a specific national role. The article is focused on this process.

Key words: identity, national interests, foreign policy, foreign policy of the Islamic Republic of Iran, norms and values.

I.D. UBILAVA Department of policy analysis and management Russian University of Friendship of Peoples, Moscow, Russia

FOREIGN POLITICAL ORIENTATIONS OF POLITICAL ELITES OF THE PERIOD M. SAAKASHVILI AND B. IVANISHVILI – COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS

In this paper, the Foreign Policy Orientations of political elites of the period of the reign of M. Saakashvili and B. Ivanishvili are considered on the basis of a comparative analysis. The article also analyzes the foreign policy priorities of the ruling elites. In the end, the emphasis is on the foreign policy cycles formed during their activities. In the first case they are rectilinear, and in the second case they have undulating direction.

Key words: comparative analysis, foreign policy orientations, political elites, foreign policy cycles, formation.

K.L. KOMAROVA ILA RAS, post-graduate student, Moscow, Russia

LATIN AMERICAN COUNTRIES DEVELOPMENT AT THE TURN OF THE CENTURY

In the late nineties the European countries begin active construction of their own autonomous security system. Since the beginning of the XXI, century Japan and Korea emphasize the necessity of withdrawal of American troops from the territories. And Latin American countries which stand almost all together against imperial foreign policy of the USA are most cardinally adjusted. Thus, transformation of foreign policy vectors of the Latin American countries become the next small screw in formation of a new world order, the shift of poles of an attraction from the North to the South. In geopolitical sense, it means the actual migration of political weight from a northwest civilization to developing countries. Researchers pay more and more attention to the corresponding features of development of the Latin American countries in modern conditions.

The articles concentrates on the definition and analysis of the main tendencies in development of Latin America in the conditions of drastic changes and evolution of the international relations since 80-90s till the beginning of the XXI century, and also their influence on the current situation in the region.

Though such traditional LAC problems as deepening of social stratification and public structuration, still take place, the Latin American region shows prospects in investments attraction. It witnesses the increasing interest of the Asian countries that is a significant feature of the reorientation in regional communications. The importance of such changes-illustrated with the fact that, in 2009, Japan and China become the main donors of the International Monetary Fund in contrary to the previous leaders of the XX century – West Atlantic powers. Finally, the countries of the region strengthen relations with the European Union and Russia, thereby strengthening their own positions at the global level.

Key words: Latin America, USA, China, EU, Russia, global trends.

HISTORY AND ARCHEOLOGY

A.V. LABUZNOV Ph.D., Associate Professor of the Department of Engineering Research and Geoecology "National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering", Moscow, Russia

S.V. SHENDYAPINA Ph.D., senior lecturer of the Department of Engineering Survey and Geoecology "National Research Moscow State University of Civil Engineering", Moscow, Russia

AN INTEGRATED APPROACH TO A METHOD OF THE LANDSCAPE ANALYSIS OF TERRITORIES ON THE EXAMPLE OF THEMATIC MAPS OF THE AREAS OF KRYLATSKOYE AND KHOROSHEVO-MNEVNIKI

This article discusses the possibility of using graphic editors (for example Illustrator) when building a predictive thematic maps. Using advanced features (nested layers, translucency layers) allows you to visually identify areas of the territory, which simultaneously possess a number of favorable or unfavorable characteristics. By applying a separated by topic objects to the appropriate thematic layers, and the possibility of constant adjustment of the content of the card, greatly enhanced the forecast ability of the card.

Key words: creating a prognostic chart, Dyakovo culture, prediction of archaeological sites, a comprehensive map of the district Khoroshevo-Mnevniki comprehensive map of Krylatskoye district.