№ 2 (83), 2022

Scientific Journal “Issues of National and Federative Relations”. Volume 12. Issue 2 (83), 2022

CONTENTS

DOMESTIC HISTORY, ETHNOLOGY AND ETHNOGRAPHY

Mukhamedov R.A., Pashkin A.G. Formation and Activity of the Komsomol in the Simbirsk-Ulyanovsk Region in 1918-50s
Ushmaeva K.A., Tereshchenko O.V., Goncharov A.S. History of the North Caucasian Checkers
Bubnov A.Yu., Kompleev A.V. The Great Patriotic War in the Regional Policy of Memory (by the Materials of the Analysis of the Social Media of the Kursk Region)
Мoiseev А.N., Мoiseeva Т.А. Formation of Pricing Policy for Horses and other Rolling Stock in the Civil War (based on the Materials of the Volga Military District 1918-1920)
Iliasov L.M. Chechen Weapons: History, Traditions, Petroglyphic
Oskin N.N. Telecommunications in the Russian Empire: from Scientific Discoveries to the First Telegraph Machines
Pogartsev V.V. Khabarovsk Radio During the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945)
Goncharova T.V., Goncharov A.S., Mekhtieva M.A. The Influence of Russian Germans’ Everyday Life on the Formation of Personality of Peter the Great
Aliyeva L.V., Tulimonas A.N. The Priest's Diary as a Source about the Daily Life of Civilians in the Occupied Territory of the Pskov Region During the Great Patriotic War
Voskoboinikova K.V. Russian Political Emigration of the First Half of the XX Century: the Main Causes of the Appearance and Centers of Concentration
Pasechnikov А.А. Key Messages of Russian Historiography about the Agrarian Life of the Peasantry During the Great Patriotic War
Filimomov S.V. Actions of Town and Zemstvo Administrative Authorities in the Process of Opening Ryazhsk State-Owned Classical Boys’ School in the Beginning of the ХХ Century
Honkin S.N. The Activities of the Quality Control Bodies of Military Products at the Defense Enterprises of Ryazan in the 1950s and 1960s

HISTORY AND THEORY OF POLITICS

Boltenkova L.F. Hymn to the Lord God (Philosophical and Religious Research in Several Articles). Article Two
Biryukov A.V. Formation of the Concepts of "Environmental Protection", "Environmental Safety" in the Russian Federation
Arshin K.V. Image of a Migrant in Axiological Dimension of the Russian Nation’s Ideology

POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES

Nesterchuk O.A., Kolpakov M.V., Gureeva E.V. Protest Activity in the Context of Environmental Conflict in Kushtau
Ardzinba D.K. Conceptual Foundations of Decision-Making by Public Authorities

PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND SECTORAL POLICIES

Osinyuk V.A., Romanovа Y.A. Innovations and Digital Technologies: the Foundation for the Development of a Smart City (by the Materials of Moscow)

THEORY AND HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY

Kostrikov S.P. Russian Economic Review Magazine on the Preparation and Holding of the First Peace Conference in the Hague
Gekht A.B. Knuth and Alice Wallenberg Foundation
Dudaeva M.V. Italian Regional Development Policy in the Context of the Regional Policy of the European Union
Sitdikova N.A., Falaleev M.A., Nechay E.E. Comparative Analysis of State Environmental Policy in China, Russia and USA
Ruchkin A.A. The Influence of Pestilences (Plague Epidemics) on Churchly and Political Process in the 14th-15th Centuries: on the Problem Definition
Menshikov P.V., Dresvyanin D.V. Information Support for Foreign Policy: Social Network Communications
Rzayeva S. The Main Aspects of the International Counter-Terrorism Strategy of the Global Powers
Dzhagaev O.A. The Problem of the South China Sea as a Front of Confrontation Between China and the United States in the Asia-Pacific Region
Pospelov N.V. Russian-Turkish Political Cooperation in the Fight Against International Terrorism in Syria
Timofeev V.V. The Lobbying Activities of Canadian Business in the Context of Canada's Engagement in the Peacekeeping Mission in Mali
Platonov A.P. Features of Contemporary French Foreign Policy
Luchko Yu.V., Maiouet Marouane, Ouaritni Houssam. UAE in the Horn of Africa: from Seaports to Military Bases
Adohounde Yaovi Sylvestre. Political Reform under Resident Patrice Talon (2016-2021) and Development Prospects of the Republic of Benin
Kholodkova N.V. Settlement of Ethnic Groups in China: Analysis of Spatial Distribution in the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region

STUDENT SCIENCE

Klimova E.A. Analysis of Modern State Youth Policy in the Russian Federation and Abroad

REVIEWS

Pyzh V.V. Review of the Monograph by Karatueva E.N. “Ecological Terrorism: Concept, Types, Counteraction”. M.: “Publishing House “Science Today”, 2022

CONFERENCES

Syzdykova Zh.S. From Nizami to Navoi: a Time Connecting Thread

Our authors № 2-2022

DOMESTIC HISTORY, ETHNOLOGY AND ETHNOGRAPHY

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.2.001

R.A. MUKHAMEDOV Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor, Professor of the Department of History of the Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University named after I.N. Ulyanov, Ulyanovsk, Russia

A.G. PASHKIN Candidate of Historical Sciences, Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University named after I.N. Ulyanov, Ulyanovsk, Russia

FORMATION AND ACTIVITY OF THE KOMSOMOL IN THE SIMBIRSK-ULYANOVSK REGION IN 1918-50S

In this article, on the basis of scientific literature, archival materials, an attempt was made to carry out a retrospective analysis of the development and growth of the Ulyanovsk Komsomol organization in the 1918-1950s. The authors considered the issue of both quantitative and qualitative composition of the Komsomol organization, and also analyzed the main trends in the increase in the number of the Komsomol organization. The authors study the Komsomol as a socio-cultural phenomenon, identifies the factors of its multilateral influence on society. The article discusses the formation, development and change of the youth policy of the Soviet state.

Key words: Komsomol organization, Komsomol, Communist Youth Union, regional party archive.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.2.002

K.A. USHMAEVA Doctor of Historical Sciences, professor, Stavropol branch of the Krasnodar university of the Ministry of the Interior of Russia, Stavropol, Russia

O.V. TERESHCHENKO Candidate of Historical Sciences, professor Stavropol branch of the Krasnodar university of the Ministry of the Interior of Russia, Stavropol, Russia

A.S. GONCHAROV Bachelor Institution of Higher Education «Stavropol State Pedagogical Institute», Stavropol, Russia

HISTORY OF THE NORTH CAUCASIAN CHECKERS

This article is devoted to the study of the North Caucasian drafts in its technical, historical and socio-cultural development. The problem of independent research into the history of types of edged weapons in the North Caucasus as indicators of the mental complex of the highlanders has not yet been studied from the standpoint of a sociocultural approach, with an emphasis on the influence of national self-consciousness, which formed both a unique form of the North Caucasian saber and determined a special attitude towards it among the highlanders and Cossacks. The relevance of the topic is due to the growing interest of society in various trends in local history. Thus, one of the promising areas is the history of weapons, which we consider, first of all, in the socio-cultural aspect. The practical significance of the study is due to the possibility of using the results obtained in revealing the features of the mental complex of the highlanders and Cossacks in the second third of the XVIII – first half of the XX centuries. The source base of the study is represented by a complex of written and ethnographic historical sources, from archival data and political treatises to political treatises and reference publications. The methodological apparatus includes special-historical, sociological and cultural methods. Special-historical: narrative method, ideographic method, historical-genetic method, historical-systemic method, historical-typological method, historical-comparative method, historical periodization method, historical modeling method, retrospective method, reconstructive method, structural method, historical updating method knowledge. Sociological methods: document analysis, sociological modeling, typology, peer review method, characteristic generalization method, ideal type method. Culturological: cultural-genetic method, cultural-systemic method, cultural-typological method, semiotic method. In addition, we use the methods of the auxiliary historical discipline of weapons science and the methods of weapons theory in general: the method of analyzing the design of a weapon, the method of analyzing the warhead of a weapon, the method of analyzing the non-combat part of a weapon, the method of analyzing design features, the method of analyzing combat technology. The result of the study was to determine the role of the North Caucasian type of drafts for the highlanders and Cossacks in the course of its evolution throughout the XIX century.

Key words: Caucasus, checker, Cossacks, uniform, dagger, blade, combat technique.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.2.003

A.YU. BUBNOV Candidate of philosophical sciences, docent, Associate Professor of the Department of history and theory of politics, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

A.V. KOMPLEEV Candidate of historical sciences, docent, associate Professor of the Department of history and theory of politics, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR IN THE REGIONAL POLICY OF MEMORY (BY THE MATERIALS OF THE ANALYSIS OF THE SOCIAL MEDIA OF THE KURSK REGION)

The article deals with the memory of the Great Patriotic War in the context of the regional policy of memory. On the example of the communities of the social network "VKontakte", the discussion of the main regional actions of memory is analyzed. It is proposed to allocate four types of memory. It is shown that online comments are dominated by discussion of the triumphant nationwide type of memory actions, such as Victory Day and the "Immortal Regiment". Memory in the digital environment is closely connected with political and everyday contexts, in particular with the pandemic and the activities of the authorities to combat it. Actions representing the tragic national memory act as a consensus point, producing less oppositional comments. Regional triumphal memory is associated with competition for the right to be the symbolic center of the Battle of Kursk, which is manifested in the discussion of the project of a new memorial dedicated to the battle.

Key words: Great Patriotic War, regional memory, war memory, Kursk region, online comments, memorial events.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.2.004

A.N. МOISEEV Candidate of Military Sciences, Associate Professor, Doctoral student at the Chair of history, Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University named after I.N. Ulyanov, Ulyanovsk, Russia

T.A. МOISEEVA Candidate of Sciences (history), Associate Professor at the Chair of law, Syzran Branch of the Samara State University of Economics, Syzran, Russia

FORMATION OF PRICING POLICY FOR HORSES AND OTHER ROLLING STOCK IN THE CIVIL WAR (BASED ON THE MATERIALS OF THE VOLGA MILITARY DISTRICT 1918-1920)

The article is devoted to the problem of recruiting Red Army units with horse and other rolling stock in the Civil War on the territory of the Volga Military District. The pace of recruitment of horses did not meet the needs of the front and civilian institutions. On the one hand, the owners of the property seized (on a paid basis) resisted the military authorities, and on the other, the bureaucratic red tape of developing prices and their final approval in government structures in the conditions of a general rise in the cost of living became the cause of shortage. Particular attention is paid to identifying the characteristic features of pricing specific to the provinces that were part of the District. The purpose of the study is to demonstrate, on the basis of the existing set of published and unpublished sources, the extreme dependence of the military-economic management bodies on market pricing conditions when purchasing horses and other rolling stock in the conditions of the Civil War. The novelty of the study consists in the involvement of previously unpublished archival data concerning the determination of the pricing policy for rolling stock by the military authorities.

Key words: system of military horse conscription, mobilization, requisition, pricing, Interdepartmental Meeting.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.2.005

L.M. ILIASOV Candidate of Philology, Applicant for the degree of Doctor of Historical Sciences Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology of the Russian Academy of Science, Moscow, Russia

CHECHEN WEAPONS: HISTORY, TRADITIONS, PETROGLYPHIC

The subject of the study is the history of Chechen weapons, their successive links with the materials of ancient archaeological cultures in the North Caucasus, their reflection in ancient and medieval petroglyphs, as well as in later burial rituals.

The author considers various types of offensive and defensive weapons of the Chechens in a diachronic aspect, comparing them with samples of the Bronze and early medieval eras and concludes that the ancient history of Caucasian weapons (primarily Koban and Alan weapons) became the basis for the development of technologies for their production in the region , including the Chechens.

According to the author, being in a state of permanent wars with the great empires of antiquity, the ancestors of the Chechens, as well as other peoples of the Caucasus, along with excellent weapons, created a military ethic that aroused the approval of many people who faced them both in military confrontation and in peaceful conditions.

The main conclusions of the study are that the production technology and forms of many types of Chechen weapons have their origins in ancient times and have been formed within the region for many millennia. The main types of weapons (offensive and defensive) of the Chechens have Koban forms as prototypes, which, in turn, date back to the Early and Middle Bronze Age. An objective source for studying the history of Chechen weapons, in addition to archaeological materials, are ancient and medieval petroglyphs, as well as later images on Muslim gravestones, which, in addition to stylized and impersonal forms, contain types of weapons that actually existed at a certain period of time.

Key words: Chechens, Maikop archaeological culture, North Caucasian archaeological culture, Koban archaeological culture, Alanian weapons, offensive weapons, defensive weapons, edged weapons, firearms, petroglyphs.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.2.006

N.N. OSKIN Candidate of technical sciences, senior researcher at the military institute (national defense administration) of the Military academy of the General staff of the Armed Forces of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

TELECOMMUNICATIONS IN THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE: FROM SCIENTIFIC DISCOVERIES TO THE FIRST TELEGRAPH MACHINES

The article analyzes the scientific discoveries that led to the creation of an telecommunication system and the appearance in the Russian Empire of the first telegraph devices using the electromagnetic principle of information transmission; the issues related to the development of technical means that became the prototypes of modern telecommunications equipment are disclosed, and also provides information characterizing the personal contribution of Russian scientists, who were later called the founders of the domestic telecommunication system. A certain drama of the history of the development of the telegraph in the world is given by disputes about the primacy of its invention. At the same time, it is Russian researchers who own the first technical solutions that laid the foundation for electromagnetic telegraphy as a method of communication, and our compatriot Pavel Lvovich Schilling is the author of the world's first telegraphic apparatus based on electromagnetic phenomena.

Key words: electricity, electrical engineering, telecommunication system, electromagnetic telegraphy, telegraph apparatus, telegraph code, information.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.2.007

V.V. POGARTSEV Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor Pacific State University, Department of Philosophy and Cultural Studies, Khabarovsk, Russia

KHABAROVSK RADIO DURING THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR (1941-1945)

The article analyzes the activities of the Khabarovsk Regional Radio Committee during the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945). In an extremely difficult historical period for the country, the role of radio broadcasting as one of the most important media in the politics and ideology of the Soviet state is shown. Out of the total number of directions in radio broadcasting, socio-political broadcasting plays a special role in the period under study. The article substantiates the leading role of the Khabarovsk Regional Radio Committee in wartime among other regional committees of Siberia and the Far East.

Key words: radio, Khabarovsk Regional Radio Committee, radio broadcasting, socio-political department, mass media, patriotism.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.2.008

T.V. GONCHAROVA Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Berdyansk State Pedagogical University, Berdyansk, Ukraine

A.S. GONCHAROV Bachelor, Stavropol State Pedagogical Institute, Stavropol, Russia

M.A. MEKHTIEVA Bachelor, Stavropol State Pedagogical Institute, Stavropol, Russia

THE INFLUENCE OF RUSSIAN GERMANS’ EVERYDAY LIFE ON THE FORMATION OF PERSONALITY OF PETER THE GREAT

This article is devoted to the analysis of historical ties, the essence and degree of influence of the culture of the German settlement on the formation of the personality of Peter the Great. The relevance of the study lies in the need for a more detailed study of the socio-cultural, ethno-confessional, everyday and directly historical aspects of the everyday life of Russian Germans in the German settlement. Of particular interest is the influence that the Germans had on the emerging personality of Peter I in the context of the key prerequisites for carrying out reforms on the European model. The theoretical significance of the study is due to the need to search for new cultural ties and prerequisites that determined the formation of the personality of Peter I, based on the concretization of the role of individual socio-cultural and historical factors of the early XVIII century, not previously studied from the standpoint of historical personology. The practical significance is expressed in the possibility of using the materials of the work to establish cultural ties between representatives of Russian and German culture, to clarify the historical features of the role of everyday life of Russian Germans in the formation of individual historical figures, as well as for further scientific study of this issue. When studying the influence of the everyday life of Russian Germans on the formation of the personality of Peter I, we used the following methods. Special-historical: narrative method, problem-chronological, retrospective, historical-comparative, historical-systemic, historical-typological, historical-genetic. Sociological: analysis of documents, method of generalization of characteristics, method of paired comparisons, method of ideal types. Culturological: cultural-system method, comparative method. Based on the totality of the methods used, we adhere to a socio-cultural approach. The result of the study was the definition of a new look at the role of Russian Germans in the formation of the personality of Peter I, a study that affects and reveals the most important socio-cultural features of the German Quarter at the time of her visit by Peter I. The result of the study was to determine the degree of influence of Russian Germans, their everyday life and way of life on the formation of personality Peter I.

Key words: Russian Germans, settlement, tradition, everyday life, personality, manufacture, worship.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.2.009

L.V. ALIYEVA Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of National History, Institute of Humanities and Language Communications, Faculty of History, Pskov State University, Pskov, Russia

A.N. TULIMONAS Student of the Master's degree in pedagogical education, Institute of Humanities and Language Communications, Faculty of History, Pskov State University, Pskov, Russia

THE PRIEST'S DIARY AS A SOURCE ABOUT THE DAILY LIFE OF CIVILIANS IN THE OCCUPIED TERRITORY OF THE PSKOV REGION DURING THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR

The purpose of the article is to create a source-based review of the diary of a clergyman in the occupied territory of the Pskov Region during the Great Patriotic War, an analysis of its form and content through the author's consideration of the events of those years. The article provides information about the diary in general as a source of personal origin, describes the advantages and disadvantages when working with it in the study of everyday life. The article contains a brief biography of the author, information about his family, relatives, church positions held by him, his economic situation is considered. Thanks to the diary, changes in the daily and church life of the village of Lisye in the Pechora district during the Second World War and subsequent events are revealed. There were only a few such diaries of clergymen on the territory of the Pskov region during the Great Patriotic War, which testifies to the importance of this source. The article was written using ideographic, historical-comparative, retrospective, chronological methods and the principle of historicism. As a result of the research, the uniqueness of the source of personal origin for describing every day and church life during the Great Patriotic War was proved.

Key words: theology, diary, the Great Patriotic War, the Orthodox Church, everyday life, wartime, Pskov region.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.2.010

K.V. VOSKOBOINIKOVA Graduate, Department of Russian History, Moscow City University Institute of Humanities, Moscow, Russia

RUSSIAN POLITICAL EMIGRATION OF THE FIRST HALF OF THE XX CENTURY: THE MAIN CAUSES OF THE APPEARANCE AND CENTERS OF CONCENTRATION

The article discusses the main reasons for the appearance and concentration centers of emigration of the first wave of Russian political emigration, reveals its history in the first half of the XX century paying special attention to its number, composition, and concentration centers. Emigration of the intelligentsia is not a rare phenomenon in the history of our fatherland. Revolution, civil war, intervention, and internal counter-revolution – all these significant events of the beginning of the XX century led to the emigration of representatives of the former privileged classes. It seems that in modern historical science, it is necessary to accumulate the already available information to have a broader picture of such a difficult phenomenon in the history of our country as Russian political emigration of the beginning of the XX century.

Key words: Russian political emigration, Russian abroad, emigration of the first wave, emigration.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.2.011

А.А. PASECHNIKOV Postgraduate student at the Chair of history and social sciences, Leningrad State University named after A.S. Pushkin, St. Petersburg, Russia

KEY MESSAGES OF RUSSIAN HISTORIOGRAPHY ABOUT THE AGRARIAN LIFE OF THE PEASANTRY DURING THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR

The article analyzes the main stages of studying the activities of collective farms in the North-West of the RSFSR of the Soviet and post-Soviet period. The problem of peasants' life during the war years is more relevant today than ever. To conduct a full-fledged analysis of the topic, it is necessary to consider the merits of Russian historiography. Only using the accumulated knowledge and taking into account the mistakes of predecessors can fully consider the life of the collective farm peasantry.

Key words: historiography, collective farms, war, agricultural sector, North-West, occupation.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.2.012

S.V. FILIMOMOV Postgraduate Student of Chair for Methodology of Teaching History and Social Science in Ryazan State University Named after S.A. Yesenin, Ryazan, Russia

ACTIONS OF TOWN AND ZEMSTVO ADMINISTRATIVE AUTHORITIES IN THE PROCESS OF OPENING RYAZHSK STATE-OWNED CLASSICAL BOYS’ SCHOOL IN THE BEGINNING OF THE ХХ CENTURY

The purpose of the study is to demonstrate efficient cooperation of town and zemstvo administrative authorities in the process of opening a classical boys’ school in the chief town of a district. The author has conducted an analysis of practical actions of the local government bodies at different stages: from the commencement to the first day of the school’s work.

Scientific novelty of the article lies in the complex approach to studying the efficiency of managerial decisions taken by local authorities with the purpose of getting funds from the state treasury for the opening and further maintenance of the school.

As a result, the author has made assessment of the decisions taken, summarized the positive historical experience and offered it for using in current conditions.

Key words: school, town authorities, zemstvo, treasury, Ryazan Governorate.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.2.013

S.N. HONKIN Postgraduate student of Ryazan State University named after S.A. Yesenin, Ryazan, Russia

THE ACTIVITIES OF THE QUALITY CONTROL BODIES OF MILITARY PRODUCTS AT THE DEFENSE ENTERPRISES OF RYAZAN IN THE 1950S AND 1960S

The article examines the activities of technical control departments, military representations of the Ministry of Defense at enterprises in Ryazan to ensure the production of high-quality military products. For the first time, based on a comprehensive analysis of new archival materials, the author showed how the development of modern technologies in the production of new models of military equipment sometimes led to the manufacture of defective products. In addition, the reasons for the release of substandard "products" and measures taken to improve the quality of military products are indicated. It is also proved that the effective means of producing high-quality radio equipment at all stages of its development, testing and mass production, of course, was the activity of technical control departments of factories and military missions.

Key words: military products, military representatives, technical control department, quality, defense plants, military acceptance.

HISTORY AND THEORY OF POLITICS

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.2.014

L.F. BOLTENKOVA Doctor of Sciences (law), Professor, Moscow, Russia

HYMN TO THE LORD GOD (PHILOSOPHICAL AND RELIGIOUS RESEARCH IN SEVERAL ARTICLES) Article Two

Starting from the content of the Constitutional norm about God (part 2 of Article 67' of the Constitution of the Russian Federation) and analyzing the provisions of the Bible, religious-theological and philosophical literature, the author reveals the concepts of God, Hymn to the Lord God and forms of God glorification. Considering these concepts, the process of glorifying God is investigated.

Key words: God, the Constitution of the Russian Federation, the Bible, Hymn, thank the Lord God.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.2.015

A.V. BIRYUKOV Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor Center for International Information Security and Scientific and Technological Policy of MGIMO of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, Leading Researcher, Moscow, Russia

FORMATION OF THE CONCEPTS OF "ENVIRONMENTAL PROTECTION", "ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY" IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

The article discusses the emergence and evolution of the concepts of "environmental protection", "environmental safety" through the prism of the history of the development of the Russian state and society. Originating in the deep historical past, in folk traditions and customs of caring for nature, these concepts have undergone a significant evolution due to scientific and technological progress, changes in the types and nature of negative human impact on nature, being filled with new content.

Key words: Russian Federation, international cooperation, environmental policy, environmental protection, environmental safety, environmental imperative, sustainable development.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.2.016

K.V. ARSHIN Scientific Secretary, Russian Potato Research Centre, Moscow, Russia

IMAGE OF A MIGRANT IN AXIOLOGICAL DIMENSION OF THE RUSSIAN NATION’S IDEOLOGY

Over the past years, the Russian Federation has been one of the world leaders in terms of the volume of received migration flows. This allowed a number of russian migrantologists to announce the formation of the Eurasian migration system, the core of which is Russia. At the same time, the attitude towards migrants, most of whom are citizens of the former soviet republics, can be characterized as negative. However, demographic processes in the Russian Federation necessitate the formation of a new migrant image as a positive axiological dominant.

Key words: migration, Russian nation, nationalism, patriotism, extremism, public opinion.

POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.2.017

O.А. NESTERCHUK Doctor in Political Science, Professor, Department of Policy Analysis and Management, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University); Professor, Department of Political Science and Political Management, Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

M.V. KOLPAKOV Student of the master’s degree at the Department of Political Analysis and Management, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia

E.V. GUREEVA Student of the master’s degree at the Department of Political Analysis and Management, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia

PROTEST ACTIVITY IN THE CONTEXT OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONFLICT IN KUSHTAU

The article examines protest activity on the example of a protracted regional conflict of a socio-economic, environmental, and ethno-cultural nature around shikhans in Bashkortostan, in the context of an environmental conflict on Mount Kushtau. The features of the formation and development of protest activity in the context of the conflict are formulated. The chronological stages of the settlement of protest processes are studied from different angles, received a certain social and political resonance. The trend of increasing the number of environmental conflicts in the Russian Federation is stated. It is concluded that in recent years the federal authorities have been the arbiter in resolving many protest conflicts in the Russian Federation. The authors complement the approaches to the study of the stated problem.

Key words: protest activity, regional conflict, ecology, Kushtau.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.2.018

D.K. ARDZINBA Рostgraduate student, Institute of Public Administration and Management of the RANEPA, Moscow, Russia

CONCEPTUAL FOUNDATIONS OF DECISION-MAKING BY PUBLIC AUTHORITIES

The article presents the results of research on the issue of decision-making. Decision-making means the formulation of a general policy for the management of an organization, which can be a business organization or an administrative organization. It should be noted that the nature and implementation of the decision-making process may be different in both places, but it remains unchanged that in each case the importance of decision-making remains unchanged.

Key words: politics, public administration, decision-making, the science of politics.

PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND SECTORAL POLICIES

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.2.019

V.A. OSINYUK Postgraduate student, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

Y.A. ROMANOVА Postgraduate student, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

INNOVATIONS AND DIGITAL TECHNOLOGIES: THE FOUNDATION FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF A SMART CITY (BY THE MATERIALS OF MOSCOW)

The article discusses the importance of innovation for the development of the country and urban space, reveals the role of the concept of "Smart City" in improving the quality of life of the population and the competitiveness of the city, analyzes the main prospects, opportunities and risks of using innovation and digital technologies as the basis for sustainable development of urban management and political process. The authors focus their attention on the goals and intermediate results of the implementation of the Smart City concept in Moscow.

The authors come to the conclusion that it will be impossible to improve the quality of life of a citizen solely through the digitalization of management processes. Various levels of government, business and civil society should interact more actively with each other in the field of improving the quality of life of an individual, and the urban environment as a whole. In addition, the introduction of a "smart city" increases the investment attractiveness of both the city and the country as a whole, which is certainly important for ensuring economic growth and further development of the country.

Key words: "smart city", innovations, digital technologies, urban management, political process, digitalization.

THEORY AND HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.2.020

S.P. KOSTRIKOV Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor, Professor of the Department of Sociology, Psychology of Management and History, State University of Management, Moscow, Russia

RUSSIAN ECONOMIC REVIEW MAGAZINE ON THE PREPARATION AND HOLDING OF THE FIRST PEACE CONFERENCE IN THE HAGUE

The article examines the materials of the journal published by the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Empire, dedicated to the preparation and holding of the First Peace Conference in The Hague. The materials are presented in which the magazine informs about the events on the eve and during the conference, analyzes the reaction of public opinion from different countries to the "initiative" of the Russian government in the cause of world disarmament, as well as the difficulties and problems that arose during its work and its final results.

Key words: "Russian Economic Review", the Ministry of Finance of Russia, periodicals of the Ministry of Finance, the First Peace Conference in The Hague, problems of disarmament.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.2.021

A.B. GEKHT Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate professor, the Head of department of history and region studies The Bonch-Bruevich Saint Petersburg State University of Telecommunications, Saint-Petersburg, Russia

KNUTH AND ALICE WALLENBERG FOUNDATION

This article discusses the main aspects of the creation and activities of the Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, which has played an extremely important and a very ambiguous role in the structure of the financial and industrial group managed by the Wallenberg family for many decades. The role and importance of the Wallenberg family in the creation and development of this fund is indicated. The key results of its activities and the impact on higher education and scientific activity in Sweden and beyond are highlighted. The informal focus of the fund's work, focused on reducing the tax burden of various commercial enterprises of the fund, is analyzed.

Key words: Sweden, Knut and Alice Wallenberg Foundation, Wallenberg dynasty, financial and industrial group, Skandinaviska Enskilda Banken.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.2.022

M.V. DUDAEVA Postgraduate student of the Moscow State Institute of International Relations (MGIMO); Research Fellow at the Institute of Legislation and Comparative Law under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

ITALIAN REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT POLICY IN THE CONTEXT OF THE REGIONAL POLICY OF THE EUROPEAN UNION

The article examines the specifics of the regional policy in Italy, which consists mainly in the presence of deep regional heterogeneity (the lag of the southern regions from the northern ones). The author diagnoses the main stages in the development of the regionalization using a retrospective analysis. The degree and ways of influence of the European political course on the development of the regional policy taken by the national authorities are investigated. The author analyzes the main political institutions that implement the regional political course both within the state and in cooperation with supranational authorities. The author comes to the conclusion that the Italian regional policy is a complex multi-level institutional system, which is implemented and financed through the interaction and coordination of different levels of government: regional, national and supranational.

Key words: regionalization, Italy, decentralization, European integration, cohesion policy.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.2.023

N.A. SITDIKOVA Student of a bachelor's degree of the department of Political Science, Vladivostok, Russia

M.A. FALALEEV Student of a bachelor's degree of the department of Political Science, Vladivostok, Russia

E.E. NECHAY Academic Advisor, Candidate of Political Science, Assistant Professor, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF STATE ENVIRONMENTAL POLICY IN CHINA, RUSSIA AND USA

The paper considered the specifics of the implementation of the "green policy" by such countries as China, the Russian Federation, and the USA. The purpose of the study was to compare the strategies of these states for decarbonizing the industrial and energy sectors, as well as to analyze the interaction of civil society, government, and business structures on the implementation of the "green transition". The article used such research methods as: systematization of the material, comparative analysis, and the case study method. The result of the work is a comparative analysis based on the formulated comparison criteria and identification of common trends in the implementation of global eco-policy. The conclusion of the study states that governments are building national decarbonization strategies based on the status of the economy and the possibility of energy conversion of production. At the same time, the influence of public organizations on the content of national environmental policy largely depends on the level of development of civil society and its institutions.

Key words: climate change, green transition, environmental policy, the Russian Federation, the USA, China, renewable energy sources.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.2.024

A.A. RUCHKIN Graduate student, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of History, Department of pre-19th century Russian history, Moscow, Russia

THE INFLUENCE OF PESTILENCES (PLAGUE EPIDEMICS) ON CHURCHLY AND POLITICAL PROCESS IN THE 14TH-15TH CENTURIES: ON THE PROBLEM DEFINITION

Plague epidemics had a great impact on the development of socio-political and ecclesiastical history of Russia in the 14th century. For a deeper understanding of the importance of these events, it’s necessary to turn to the study of the legacy of pandemics of the past through the prism of domestic and foreign scientific research of the 18th-21th centuries. The article deals with the historiographical tradition of the study of plague epidemics in Russia in the 14th-15th centuries. The subject of the study is domestic and foreign historiography. The object of the study is the changes in the ideas of plague epidemics in domestic and foreign historiography.

Key words: plague, epidemic, Moscow principality, 14th-15th centuries, historiography.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.2.025

P.V. MENSHIKOV Ph.D. in History, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Media Policy and Public Relations, Moscow State Institute of International Relations (MGIMO University), Moscow, Russia

D.V. DRESVYANIN Teaching Assistant of the Department of Media policy and public relations Moscow State Institute of International Relations (MGIMO University), Moscow, Russia

INFORMATION SUPPORT FOR FOREIGN POLICY: SOCIAL NETWORK COMMUNICATIONS

The role of social networks and mass communications is growing in the system of modern international relations. The importance of social media has notably increased in the “pandemic” and “post-pandemic” periods. Direct communication in the media space allows participants to leverage the manipulative informational practices that swiftly sway public opinion. It is observed that the online competition for the publics deploys the methods and techniques of communicative aggression. Because the content aims to resemble propaganda, such “impact” and “perception” on social platforms require significant intellectual efforts on the part of both communicants – the addresser and the addressee, respectively.

The article is dedicated to the problem of the role of mass network communications in foreign policy PR during the pandemic. The study clarifies the features of the implementation of the state information policy of Russia and its transformation in the conditions of the "new reality". The key provisions of the "National Security Strategy of the Russian Federation", adopted in 2021, are analyzed. The article presents a content analysis of social media of the U.S. Department of Sate on the subject of communication support for the content about Russia. An analysis of the "social" practices of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation is given. The tendencies of "social" foreign policy PR for the active involvement of various online audiences in a controversial, inconsistent discussion about Russia are accentuated.

The result of the study is a comparative analysis of the content aspect of the official social media of U.S. and Russia that allows to determine the conditions of successful practices of communicative support for national foreign policy.

The conclusion highlights the need for a critical understanding of the communication activity of "foreign partners". The importance of the enhancement of the state information sphere as one of the priority directions of the Russia's foreign policy in "the new reality" is emphasized.

Key words: foreign policy PR, state information policy, pandemic, network communications, social media, discourse.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.2.026

SAMA RZAYEVA PhD in Political Sciences Baku, Azerbaijan

THE MAIN ASPECTS OF THE INTERNATIONAL COUNTER-TERRORISM STRATEGY OF THE GLOBAL POWERS

This research paper discusses the main directions of the international counter-terrorism policy of the global powers. Because the methods of combating terrorism have been formed in parallel with the emergence of various manifestations of terrorism. In this regard, the methods of combating transnational terrorism, which is considered a separate type of terrorism, began to take shape in the 1970s, when terrorism became a source of an international threat. Prior to 9/11, the issue of terrorism and the fight against it at the international level had no special place on the domestic or international agenda and did not require a revision of existing norms of international law, as it was not an issue of international strategic content. Defining a new counter-terrorism strategy after the September events and ensuring an international order are shaped by cooperation-based norms and organizations. Both states and international institutions work together to combat this threat through cooperation within ratified bilateral agreements and international organizations.

Key words: terror, legislation, anti-terror, strategy, security.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.2.027

O.A. DZHAGAEV Post-graduate student, Department of diplomacy Moscow State Institute (University) of International Relations, Moscow, Russia

THE PROBLEM OF THE SOUTH CHINA SEA AS A FRONT OF CONFRONTATION BETWEEN CHINA AND THE UNITED STATES IN THE ASIA-PACIFIC REGION

The article discusses the current aspects of the geopolitical confrontation between the United States and China in the Asia-Pacific region illustrated by the conflict in the South China Sea. The article highlights the main concerned parties to the conflict, briefly outlines the claims of coastal states in the process of settlement of territorial disputes in the South China Sea. The conclusion is made that the United States have the key influence on the protection of the interests of neighboring states with China, in ensuring their fair access to the resources of the South China Sea and in complying with the norms of international maritime law.

Key words: South China Sea, territorial dispute, Asia-Pacific region, international arbitration.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.2.028

N.V. POSPELOV Postgraduate student of the Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia, Moscow, Russia

RUSSIAN-TURKISH POLITICAL COOPERATION IN THE FIGHT AGAINST INTERNATIONAL TERRORISM IN SYRIA

After the beginning of the Syrian civil war in March of 2011 Moscow and Ankara recognized the need to fight the international terrorist organization «the Islamic State», which is banned in Russia, on the territory of Syria and agreed to respond to the changing situation in a timely manner. However, Russia and Turkey have failed to develop a common approach to eliminating international terrorism as evidenced by the lack of an institutional and legal framework based on mutual strategic trust and the lack of coordination between the two countries in Syria.

Key words: Russia, Turkey, the fight against international terrorism, diplomacy, political cooperation.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.2.029

V.V. TIMOFEEV PhD student at the Department of American Studies, School of International Relations, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia

THE LOBBYING ACTIVITIES OF CANADIAN BUSINESS IN THE CONTEXT OF CANADA'S ENGAGEMENT IN THE PEACEKEEPING MISSION IN MALI

The author analyzed communications between the Mining Association of Canada and officials within the period when governmental statement on Canada's participation in the UN peacekeeping mission in Mali (MINUSMA) was allegedly prepared. Some Canadian media informed that Canada participated in MINUSMA to protect the assets of the Canadian mining companies which operated in this country. The aim of the study is to identify whether Canadian participation in the peacekeeping mission could have been lobbied by the Canadian mining business. The objectives of the study involve examining a set of lobbying relationships and analyzing information about the counterparties. The author applied network analysis and examined the communications between government officials and representatives of the Mining Association of Canada. To apply this method, the data were taken from the site of the Office of the Commissioner of Lobbying of Canada. A sociomatrix was compiled, and a network of subjects' communications was formed on its basis. The author has analyzed the official information of the actors with the highest centrality indicator. It is concluded that it is quite likely that the Canadian mission may have been lobbied by the Mining Association of Canada.

Key words: Canada, peacekeeping, Mali, MINUSMA, Canadian mining companies, network analysis.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.2.030

A.P. PLATONOV Applicant for PhD, Department of Theory of Law and Comparative Jurisprudence MGIMO MFA of Russia, Moscow, Russia

FEATURES OF CONTEMPORARY FRENCH FOREIGN POLICY

France is guided by the principle of "government by the people, by the people and for the people" and has its own motto, which sounds like: "Liberty, equality, fraternity". French diplomacy over the past 50 years has followed a "smooth" development.

Key words: France, European Union, foreign policy, French diplomacy, Macron.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.2.031

YU.V. LUCHKO PhD candidate, Department of Theory and History of International Relations, RUDN University; Leading Specialist of the Educational and Scientific Institute for Comparative Educational Policy, RUDN University, Moscow, Russia

MAIOUET MAROUANE Masters at the Department of Theory and History of International Relations, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia

OUARITNI HOUSSAM Master degree, Department of Theory and History of International, Relations, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia

UAE IN THE HORN OF AFRICA: FROM SEAPORTS TO MILITARY BASES

This article is devoted to one of the most important strategic regions in the UAE's foreign policy and foreign economic activity – the Horn of Africa region. Considering the priority of the region for the Emirates, the author focuses on the dynamics and transformation of the relations development between the countries and identifies the causes of their volatility. The author examines the issue of competition between regional players, which has affected the UAE's bilateral relations with the Horn of Africa countries. However, the most important question is considered here: why the Emirates needed to conduct military activities in the region, and how it could be is related to its commercial interests.

Key words: UAE, KSA, Qatar, Turkey, military bases, Horn of Africa, Djibouti, Somalia, Eritrea, Ethiopia.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.2.032

ADOHOUNDE YAOVI SYLVESTRE Assistant, department of foreign languages, Faculty of humanities and social sciences RUDN; Post-graduate student of the Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Cotonou, Benin

POLITICAL REFORM UNDER RESIDENT PATRICE TALON (2016-2021) AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS OF THE REPUBLIC OF BENIN

The article is devoted to political reforms under President Patrice Talon and the prospects for the development of the Republic of Benin. It starts with specific implementations of the government in terms of political reforms (2016-2021) and ends with the prospects for the development of the State based on these reforms. Among them is the consideration of amending the Constitution of 1990, which is no less important in the context of the long-term political development of the Republic of Benin.

Key words: Patrice Talon, Republic of Benin, political reforms, mandate, political practice, development prospects of the State.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.2.033

N.V. KHOLODKOVA Post-graduate student of the Department of Earth Sciences of Institute of the World Ocean of Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia

SETTLEMENT OF ETHNIC GROUPS IN CHINA: ANALYSIS OF SPATIAL DISTRIBUTION IN THE XINJIANG UYGUR AUTONOMOUS REGION

This article deals with the issue of the placement of ethnic communities on the territory of the Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region of the People’s Republic of China. The purpose of the research is to study the main spatial patterns and relationships in the placement of an ethnic minority in the specified territory. The empirical basis of the study was the data from the national Chinese population censuses and statistical Chinese yearbooks. The spatial and statistical analysis was carried out using the calculation of the population concentration index. Based on the results of the study, conclusions were drawn about the emergence of regions with ethnic agglomerations and a tendency to their separation by the dominant ethnic majority.

Key words: settlement of ethnic groups, ethnic territorial autonomy, population concentration index, People’s Republic of China, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region.

STUDENT SCIENCE

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.2.034

E.A. KLIMOVA Master's degree student, State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education of the City of Moscow "Moscow City Pedagogical University", Russia, Moscow

ANALYSIS OF MODERN STATE YOUTH POLICY IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION AND ABROAD

Youth policy as a special branch of state activity has been formed into a full-fledged system relatively recently, but the problems of youth, their self-realization and adaptation to the conditions of society have always been relevant. It is obvious that the fate of the state depends on the quality of life of young people, the system of upbringing and education, the existing conditions for the comfortable formation of a young person's personality. This article reveals the development of youth policy in Russia, compares the state youth policy of the Russian Federation with the policy of the United States, studies the legal aspect of the implementation of youth policy at the level of institutions, and also describes some of the experience of states in the field under study.

Key words: state youth policy, directions and mechanisms of youth policy, youth environment, practical implementation, efficiency of public administration.

REVIEWS

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.2.035

Reviewer:

V.V. PYZH Doctor of Political Sciences, Professor of the Chair of social and humanitarian sciences named after V.U. Ageevets, P.F. Lesgaft NSU of Physical Culture, Sports and Health; expert of the Joint Commission under the IPA CIS on the harmonization of legislation in the field of security and countering new challenges and threats, St. Petersburg, Russia

REVIEW

of the monograph by Karatueva E.N. “Ecological terrorism: concept, types, counteraction”. M.: “Publishing House “Science Today”, 2022

CONFERENCES

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.83.2.036

ZH.S. SYZDYKOVA Doctor of History, Professor, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Institute of Asian and African Studies, Moscow, Russia

FROM NIZAMI TO NAVOI: A TIME CONNECTING THREAD

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