Scientific Journal “Issues of National and Federative Relations”. Volume 8. Issue 5 (44), 2018.
CONTENTS
DOMESTIC HISTORY AND ETHNOGRAPHY
FOREIGN HISTORY
POLITICAL REGIONALISM AND ETHNOPOLITICS
POLITICAL CONFLICTOLOGY
POLITICAL INSTITUTES AND PROCESSES
POLITICAL PROBLEMS OF GLOBAL AND REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT
REVIEWS
DOMESTIC HISTORY AND ETHNOGRAPHY
Z.N. GADZHIYEVA Junior Researcher at the Institute of History, Archeology and Ethnography, Dagestan Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Makhachkala, Russia
MAIN DIRECTIONS OF INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT OF DASSR IN THE EARLY 30S OF THE TWENTIETH CENTURY
There is an attempt to show the features of industrial development and the premises for the industrial development of the Dagestan ASSR for considered chronological period by the accumulated historiography experience and widely involving new archival documents and collections of documentary publications in this article. The purpose isto determine the place and role in the republic industrialization of the USSR and RSFSR state authorities and also the possibility of using the republic internal reserve in this process.
Key words: DASSR, industrialization, industry, cooperation, concentration of production.
V.I. PANTELEEV Candidate of Sciences (history), Associate Professor at the Chair of Logistics and Marketing in the Agro-Industrial Complex of the Krasnoyarsk State Agrarian University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
I.I. VORONOV Doctor of Sciences (history), Professor at the Chair of History and Regional Studies, St. Petersburg State University of Telecommunications. Named after M.A. Bonch-Bruevich, St. Petersburg, Russia
STOLYPIN'S PROJECT OF UPDATING THE AGRARIAN SYSTEM OF SIBERIA AND ITS FATE
The activities of the tsarist government in reforming land relations and the introduction of private land ownership in Siberia in the years of the Stolypin agrarian reform are analyzed. In a generalized form, the Stolypin program for the modernization of land relations in Siberia was reflected in the “Note”, compiled following a trip in 1910 by the Chairman of the Council of Ministers, P.A. Stolypin and chief administrative officer of land management and agriculture A.V. Krivosheina to Siberia.
However, the legislative prerequisites for the implementation of this program did not have time to emerge. The main reason for the inhibition of reform was the resistance of multi-vector political forces, both on the right and on the left. Both opposition parties in the person of deputies of the State Duma from Siberia and a significant part of the ruling circles represented in the Russian government opposed the introduction of private land ownership in Siberia. However, as the analysis shows, a significant part of the rural population of Siberia, both old-timers and displaced persons, were supporters of the Stolypin reforms.
Key words: Siberia, land, agrarian reform, modernization, resettlement, private property, Stolypin, Krivoshein.
N.P. PARKHITKO Chair of theory and history of journalism People’s Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
REVOLUTION OR COUP? HISTORICAL DIALECTICS TO THE 100TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE 1917 EVENTS
On November 7th, 2017, Russia celebrated the 100th anniversary of the Great October Socialist Revolution. The scale of this historic event which largely determined the development of the geopolitical situation during the entire twentieth century is in principle difficult to underestimate. If not taking into account the overwhelming influence of ideologies that have certainly accompanied this political phenomenon during the entire Soviet period of national history the nature of the phenomenon seems even more obvious from the point of view of political science. At the same time under the influence of the so-called «Perestroika» ideas, which continuity was clearly traced in our country throughout the last decade of the twentieth century, the events of October 1917 were repeatedly subjected to at least a critical understanding (which, however, is not too bad for historical science), as a maximum – to political revisionism and frank falsification (which, in the opinion of the author, is unacceptable for any society wishing to preserve national, cultural and historical sovereignty). In this study the author will analyze such phenomena as a revolution and a coup with a retrospective account of the historical realities prevailing in Russia by October 1917. To obtain the most objective scientific results, the author tries to abstract as much as possible from political and ideological considerations, focusing only on economic, social and administrative state aspects. In the course of work, the author used a wide methodological toolkit of historical and political sciences, incl. – historical-retrospective method, key method and comparison method, historical-analytical and political-analytical methods, as well as the method of political content analysis.
Key words: Russia, revolution, coup, Bolsheviks, Provisional Government, overthrow, opposition, civil war.
M.S. KRYLOVA Graduate Student, Master of History Moscow State University, M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia
MAGAZINE "EVENING MOSCOW" AS A SOURCE FOR THE STUDY OF CULTURAL HERITAGE IN MOSCOW IN THE 1980s.
The periodical press is a source for the study of various issues, including the problems of cultural heritage. The study of the materials of the periodical press allows us to draw attention to the sphere of public opinion as an indicator of social interest in the processes related to cultural heritage: the development of protective legislation, the creation of institutions and organizations that preserve the heritage. Therefore, it is interesting to study how the theme of cultural heritage is considered in the regional periodicals of the 1980s. The theme of preservation of cultural heritage in the capital has been repeatedly discussed on the pages of printed publications in Moscow.
Key words: periodicals, protection of monuments, publications, events.
M.S. TRIFONOVA post-graduate student of the Department of history of the Fatherland and socio-political theories of Orenburg state pedagogical University, Orenburg, Russia
TO THE QUESTION ABOUT THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE SOUTH URAL PHILHARMONIC IN THE FIRST POSTWAR DECADE
The article studies the development of the South Ural philharmonic societies in 1946-1956. On the basis of archival materials the characteristic of the material and technical situation and personnel composition of the studied institutions is given. Shows the dynamics of live performances and audience activity philharmonics. The conclusion is made about the negative impact of the financial situation and the lack of administrative and creative staff on the development of philharmonic societies in the region.
Key words: philharmonic, concert, attendance, procurement, personnel, South Urals.
FOREIGN HISTORY
V.K. TITERINA Graduate student of the City State University of the Moscow State Pedagogical University, Moscow, Russia
COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF TREATISES CONCLUDED BETWEEN THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE AND EUROPEAN COUNTRIES (ON THE BASIS OF TRANSLATIONS BY A.M. OBRESKOV 1757)
The article is dedicated to a general analysis of the content of separate treatises concluded between Turkey and its allies France, England and the Dutch Republic in the second half of the XVII – first half of the XVIII century based on the translations made by the resident in Constantinople A.M. Obreskov for Catherine II in 1757 (according to the materials of the Fund № 89/1 AVPRI).
Key words: treatises, Ottoman Turkey, France, England, Dutch Republic.
MEDINA GONZALEZ VINICIO XAVIER post-graduate student of the Department of theory and history of international relations Peoples ' friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
THE ROLE OF THE "PRO ECUADOR" COMPANY IN THE EXPANSION OF ECUADORIAN-RUSSIAN COOPERATION
The article shows the role of economic diplomacy in the state’s foreign policy, its influence on the development of trade and economic relations and priorities of the country through the example of cooperation between the Republic of Ecuador and the Russian Federation in the export of food from Ecuador to the Russian market. Ecuador has become the most important supplier of bananas, coffee, flowers and seafood in the Russian Federation. The article presents the dynamics of trade and economic cooperation between the two countries, identifies the main trends of this cooperation and shows possible prospects for its development. The article uses a comparative statistical method. The chronology of presentation is observed, while sources in Russian, English and Spanish are used. The main conclusions of this article are as follows: the market of the Russian Federation is open for the countries of Latin America, and at the moment Ecuador occupies a confident position in this field, being also a strategic partner for Russia. The expansion of the Pro Ecuador representative office in Russia contributes to the strengthening of mutually beneficial trade and economic relations and the formation of the image of Ecuador as a reliable partner.
Key words: foreign economic policy, cooperation, Russia, export, investment, economic diplomacy, Ecuador, import, sanctions, Pro Ecuador.
D.V. ZHIGULSKAYA Cand. Sc. (History), Senior Researcher, Institute of Oriental Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia
THE CONCEPT OF MORALITY (AHLÂK) IN ZİYA GÖKALP’S “THE PRINCIPLES OF TURKISM” AND AHMET AĞAOĞLU’S “THREE CIVILIZATIONS”
The concept of morality is traditionally perceived as the basis of any national culture, which makes it a representative factor when analyzing nation building and shaping of national identity.
This article focuses on the concept of morality (turk. ahlâk), as represented in the most influential works of the prominent ideologists of Turkish nationalism Ziya Gükalp and Ahmet Ağaoğlu – “The principles of Turkism”(“Türkçülüğün esasları”, 1924) and “Three civilizations” (“Üç medeniyet”, 1919). Both works were written during the period of formation of the Turkish nation-state.
The problem of westernization and the divergent approaches of the two thinkers to the question of adopting western values are of a particular interest in this paper.
Key words: Ziya Gökalp, Ahmet Ağaoğlu, morality, Turkey, nation-building, national identity.
POLITICAL REGIONALISM AND ETHNOPOLITICS
L.F. BOLTENKOVA Doctor of Law, Professor at the Institute of Public Administration and Management of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russia
HISTORICAL BASIS OF RUSSIANNESS
The article reveals the author’s understanding of Russianness and expresses analytical statements and assumptions regarding the forms of Russianness, its origins and historic foundations. The article fixes the idea that the vector of modern Russian politics regarding Russianness is determined by its historic beginning.
Key words: Russianness, Ancient Russia, Russia, Moscow, Kiev, Crimea, Novgorod, Orthodoxy, Russian Orthodox Church.
A.D. NAZAROV Professor, Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor, Department of Advertising and Public Relations, Institute of Foreign Languages, Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University) (MAI), Member of the Commission on Informational Support of the State National Policy of the Council under the President of the Russian Federation on Inter-Ethnic Relations, Moscow, Russia
MOSCOW HOUSE OF NATIONALITIES AS ALL-RUSSIAN RESOURCE CENTER INTERNATIONAL COMMUNICATION
The article is devoted to one of the most important aspects of the development of ethnocultural infrastructure – multifaceted activity of houses of nationalities, friendship, centers of national culture, other state and municipal institutions whose work is aimed at solving the tasks of state national policy, which are increasingly appearing in Russian regions. In this connection, the experience of the 20-year-old activity of the Moscow House of Nationalities (MDN), which for many years remained the first and only institution of this type in the country, is of unquestionable scientific and practical interest. Over the past years, MDN has in fact become the organizational and methodological center for a multifaceted cultural and educational work that provides diverse activities of national organizations, a symbol of the ethnic diversity of the metropolitan metropolis, cultural cooperation, mutual spiritual enrichment of the people in the metropolitan metropolis.
Key words: the strategy of the state national policy of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2025, the strategy of the national policy of the city of Moscow for the period until 2025 and the plan for its implementation in 2016-2018, interethnic communication, ethno-cultural infrastructure, the Moscow House of Nationalities.
O.Yu. DUBROVINA PhD in Political Science, Associate Professor of International Relations, the Siberian Institute of International Relations and Regional Studies, Novosibirsk, Russia
PECULIARITIES AND PROCEDURE FOR THE INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION OF REGIONS OF FEDERAL STATES (case of Germany and Austria)
In the article, the features and the procedure for the international cooperation of the regions of federal states are examined in the case of Germany and Austria.
The problem is very relevant. Federal relations are carried out in a context of globalization and regionalization, which leads to the international activity of sub-state regions, especially in federal states. The review of these processes is possible only in the case of particular countries.
Proceeding from the urgency of the problem, the main purpose of this work is to study the features and procedures for the international cooperation of regions of federal states.
The task of the study is to examine the delineation of powers and subjects of conduct between the federal center and the regions of states in the case of such European federations as Germany and Austria.
For the study, the author used a system methodology, a comparative analysis method that allowed to compare the powers of states and their regions in the sphere of international interaction and the method of studying documents, including constitutions and laws of states regulating international relations.
The following results were achieved in the work: the constitutions and laws of Germany and Austria were analyzed, the powers and subjects of the federal center and regions of these states in the sphere of international cooperation were identified, a comparative analysis of the documents of these states in this sphere was made, it was shown that constitutional provisions, in their totality , make up a plan for the most rational distribution of state power in this area and its equilibrium.
In the course of the study, the author came to the following conclusion: in the case of Germany and Austria the peculiarities and the procedure for the international cooperation of the regions of federal states are formed on the basis of the delimitation of the subjects of jurisdiction and authority between the federation and its regions.
Key words: globalization, regionalization, federalization, regions of states, sub-state regions, international relations, international cooperation, authorities, subjects of reference.
V.I. KLIMCHUK post-graduate student of the Chair of National and Federative Relations of the Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Service under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
ETHNOPOLITICS IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE GLOBAL SOCIETY INFORMATIZATION
Information technologies allowed to reach a qualitatively new level of building communication links between the state and representatives of a multinational Russian society. Computer networks have united state power, political parties and public organizations into one information environment. The number of citizens connected to the Unified Identification and Authentication system allows constructing a profound dialogue of the state with the majority of representatives of its multinational society. The author of the article notes the scale of the state program of engaging the population of multinational regions of the country in a high-tech information environment. Thus implementing the program of national policy through hightech, the state strives to satisfy the interests of representatives of Russian small nations and ethnic groups. The article considers the mass media as a source of enlightening the population of the country on ethnopolitics. At the same time, there is an insufficient level of professionalism of journalists that are covering the life and culture of small ethnic groups and nations. The active role in disseminating information about the languages and culture of small peoples is taken by the representatives of these peoples themselves through modern means of communication in the Internet. The use of information technologies in ethnopolitics promotes the solution of propagandistic and marketing problems. Attention is focused on prevention of external influence through the Internet network with the aim of fomenting national conflicts, religious enmity and so on. The creation of a unified electronic information environment in the sphere of interethnic relations is proposed in the Russian Federation.
Key words: Ethnopolitics, Information Technology, Ethnoculture, Interethnic Relations, Internet, National Minorities, National Culture.
POLITICAL CONFLICTOLOGY
N.P. MEDVEDEV Doctor of Sciences (political sciences), Professor, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
V.A. GLEBOV Ph.D. in Legal Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Political Analysis and Management, Deputy Head of the Department, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia
ON THE WAYS OF RESOLVING POLITICAL CONFLICTS
The article reveals main ways of conflict prevention and resolution. It investigates sources and features of ethno-political conflicts. It analyzes the role and importance of mediation and emphasizes the importance of judicial and pre-trial procedures in the resolution of political conflicts.
Key words: conflict, political tension, ethnopolitical conflict, interethnic relations, conflict resolution, mediator institution, arbitration, pre-trial procedures.
Z.M. KURBONOVA Сandidate of political sciences, doctorate of Philosophy, Political Science and Law Institute by the name of A.М. Bahovaddinov, Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan
M.N. IKROMOVA Tajik state university of commerce, PhD student, Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan
THEORETICAL FEATURES OF THE TERRITORIAL DISPUTES AND THE WAYS OF THEIR PREVENTING
In modern interstate relations, the problem of territorial integrity of the state is of great importance, primarily because it is related to ensuring the security of the state, guaranteeing protection from external invasion of its territory, and forcibly changing its territorial borders. Changing attempts the borders of states without their consent have always been an expression of aggression, repeatedly led to wars. But even today, it is not possible to avoid armed conflicts between states over territorial disputes.
Key words: interstate relations, problems of territorial integrity, state security, armed conflicts.
POLITICAL INSTITUTES AND PROCESSES
V.N. MEDVEDEV Candidate of Law, Associate Professor Associate Professor of the Department of State and Legal Disciplines IGSU RANEPA at the President of the Russian Federation Head of Administration of Administrative Procedure Committee of State Construction Supervision of the city of Moscow, Moscow, Russia
SOME PROBLEMS OF ATTRACTING PERSONS TO ADMINISTRATIVE RESPONSIBILITY IN THE OPERATION OF OBJECTS OF SELF-CONSTRUCTION
This article is devoted to the problems of law enforcement in violation of the order of construction, reconstruction, overhaul of the capital construction object and its commissioning. The article raised the problematic issues of bringing persons to administrative responsibility when identifying the exploitation of unauthorized construction facilities in the context of recent changes in the Civil Code of the Russian Federation.
Key words: administrative responsibility, protocol, punishment, fine, supervision, authorities, unauthorized construction, property, problems.
D.V. POTAPOV postgraduate student at the Chair of world politics and international relations, Voronezh State University, Voronezh, Russia
TRANSFORMATION OF THE POLITICAL REGIME OF RUSSIA: THE PROBLEM OF SUBJECTIVITY
The article attempts to assess whether the modern political establishment of the United States, articulating the decisions of the financial and political elite of the “global project”, has enough will, talent and competence to remain the subject of the transformation of the political regime in Russia. The contradictions between the various groups of the American elite are considered. The specificity of the political culture of the United States and the mechanisms of spontaneous anti-Russian decision making are considered. An assessment is made of the prospects for Russia's transition to a national subjectivity of the transit of power and the transformation of the political regime.
Key words: political regime, transformation, subjectivity, the American establishment, the elite of the “global project”.
POLITICAL PROBLEMS OF GLOBAL AND REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT
A.N. MIKHAYLENKO Doctor of Political Sciences, Professor, professor of International security and Russian foreign policy chair at the Department of national security, Institute of law and national security, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russia
HOW TO GET OUT OF FOREIGN POLICY DEADLOCKS?
The notion of deadlock is often used in analysis of foreign policy activities, but its meaning is not defined. To clarify it, the article deals with the meanings of this word in dictionaries and scientific articles, as well as the situations in international relations, which are designated as deadlocks. Due to insufficient theoretical elaboration of this notion in political science, approaches to the concept of deadlock in psychology are analyzed, as well as metaphors of deadlock that are most often met in the literature. The main ways to get out of foreign policy deadlocks are proposed.
Key words: deadlock, crisis, compromise, turn, shift, breakthrough, Ukraine, the Palestinian-Israeli conflict, Nagorno-Karabakh, Colombia, Afghanistan, Japan, Cyprus, China, USA, digital diplomacy.
R.N. SHANGARAEV PhD, assistant professor of Diplomatic Academy of Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
MIDDLE EAST KATAR – IRAN – TURKEY "GEOPOLITICAL TRIANGLE"
Ankara, Tehran and Doha have recently had close political, trade and economic ties, which is causing discontent among many Arab states of the Middle East led by Saudi Arabia, which, following Trump's visit to Riyadh in 2017, break all relations with Iran and the Turkish military base close. The study also attempted to consider the influence of the Russia-Turkey-Iran coalition on the "geopolitical triangle" of Qatar-Iran-Turkey.
Key words: Russia, United States, Iran, Turkey, Qatar, anti-catarrian coalition, alliance, geopolitical triangle, Middle East.
J.Sh. VALIEV Postgraduate Student, Department of Political Science and Mass Communications, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
20TH CENTURY MUSLIM COMMUNITIES IN GERMANY: HISTORY OF FORMATION
The article considers the issue of integration of Muslims in Germany. It gives a brief history of birth and formation of the Muslim community in Germany. It evaluates both: the state of relations within the Muslim community and the level of interconfessional contacts with other countries. The article analyzes efforts aimed at maintaining cultural identity of Muslim migrants in Germany as well as their religious and legal integration.
Key words: migration in Germany, Muslim minority, host society, cultural contacts, integration programs and processes.
S.T. IKRAMOV seeking a scientific degree at the Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia, Moscow, Russia
ATTEMPTS TO INVOLVE THE COUNTRIES OF THE CENTRAL ASIAN REGION IN INTEGRATION PROJECTS INITIATED BY WORLD POWERS
The EU, China and Russia are trying to involve the Central Asian region in their integration projects. The article analyzes the main integration projects of the leading countries and, based on the analysis, concludes that participation in each of them for the Central Asian republics is extremely important, but mean while all five Central Asian republics are involved in European projects, some of them refused to take part in the projects of Russia for political and other reasons. Never theless, in some cases Russia offers quite attractive conditions for integration, which contribute to the economic development of the countries of the region. One of these projects is the EAEC, participation in which does not imply the implementation of any political conditions, as it is observed in European projects.
Key words: Central Asia, CIS, CSTO, EU Strategy for Central Asia, ЕАEU, One belt – one road.
R.S. GOLOVANOV candidate of political sciences, candidate of jurisprudence, doctoral student of the Kyrgyz-Russian Slavic University, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic
EURASIAN INTEGRATION AS A POLITICAL PROBLEM
Eurasian integration by the end of the second decade of the XXI century became not only a geopolitical reality, but also a political problem. It was necessary to answer the following questions: what is the Eurasian integration? Who acts as an actor of Eurasian integration? What are the technologies for its implementation?
The answer to the first question, from the author's point of view, suggests the substantiation and proof of the heuristic constructivist methodological approach based on the analysis of the multifactor nature of Eurasian integration. Therefore, the article considers the basic parameters of the constructivist approach, which are extended to the study of Eurasian integration: institutionalization, legitimation and mobilization.
When answering the second question, the article justifies the conclusion that the Eurasian project, being the result of elite design, is realized only with the active participation of the elites of the integrating states in its political, legal and institutional provision. At the same time, the political elite is seen as the most active, competent and influential part of society, which plays a key role in the political process, participates in the development and adoption of strategic decisions and directs their implementation.
Answering the third question, the author analyzes the technologies of social construction of the Eurasian community and identifies two mutually complementary types: political design implemented by individual politicians and various political institutions, and intellectual construction carried out by representatives of the scientific, literary and artistic elite and the institutions created by them.
The article substantiates the conclusion that the Eurasian integration from the political point of view is a socio-political construct which, in accordance with the institutionalization, legitimization and mobilization laws singled out by the constructivists, has become Russia's largest foreign policy project, which has received international recognition and is oriented toward further expansion.
Key words: Eurasian integration, constructivist approach, institutionalization, legitimization and mobilization, political elites, elite design technologies.
O.V. BABARYKINA PhD student of the faculty of public administration Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
THE ROLE OF THE COMMONWEALTH OF INDEPENDENT STATES IN THE FORMATION OF PREREQUISITES OF EURASIAN ECONOMIC INTEGRATION
The article is devoted to the identification of the role of the Commonwealth of Independent States in the formation of prerequisites of Eurasian economic integration. The conclusion is made about the importance of this role, as well as about the CIS as the foundation of the modern EAEU as an economic integration association, as an initial impulse to promote the post-Soviet States in the world economic system.
Key words: Commonwealth of Independent States, Eurasian economic Union, economic integration.
REVIEW ON THE ARTICLE BY L.F. BOLTENKOVA "HISTORICAL BASIS OF RUSSIANNESS"
Reviewer:
D.E. Slisovskiy PhD in History, Professor of Department of Humanities and social Sciences, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia