Scientific Journal “Issues of National and Federative Relations”. Volume 9. Issue 7 (52), 2019.
CONTENTS
DOMESTIC HISTORY, ETHNOLOGY AND ETHNOGRAPHY
THEORY, PHILOSOPHY AND POLICY HISTORY
POLITICAL REGIONALISM AND ETHNOPOLITICS
POLITICAL INSTITUTES, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES
POLITICAL PROBLEMS OF THE GLOBALIZING WORLD
HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND WORLD POLICY
DOMESTIC HISTORY, ETHNOLOGY AND ETHNOGRAPHY
I.K. SHCHERBAKOVA Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of History and Political Science of the GUU, Moscow, Russia
PROBLEMS OF THE RUSSIAN VILLAGE: AN ATTEMPT TO SOLVE THE KEY ISSUE OF THE EMPIRE AT THE TURN OF THE XIX-XX CENTURIES
An attempt is made to consider and solve the agrarian question at the end of the XIX – beginning of the XX century. The interaction and opposition of two ministries – the Ministry of Finance and the Ministry of Internal Affairs, their attempts to discuss and resolve the peasant issue at the beginning of the 20th century are considered. It was substantiated that at the beginning of the 20th century, the authorities did not develop a single course in resolving the peasant issue and only the events of the 1905 revolution forced the authorities to take emergency measures in the development of agrarian legislation.
Key words: Ministry of Finance, Ministry of the Interior, Special Meeting, Drafting Commission, communal land tenure, inalienability of allotments, note by representatives of the zemstvo.
Yu.P. NADYOKHINA candidate of history, State university of management, chair of history and political science, Moscow, Russia
RUSSIAN WRITERS IN THE MOSCOW PERIODICALS OF THE BOUNDARY XIX-XX CENTURIES: LITERATURE AND JOURNALISM
In creative heritage of each Russian writer it is possible to find works of various genres: stories, novels, poems, etc. Publicistic activity of the Russian writers of the end XIX – the beginnings of the XX-th centuries remains the special phenomenon. During this period, the writer held a specific place in Russian journalism, he could publish his works in issues of newspapers or magazines, and could be the author of advanced articles, feuilletons, etc. Some writers and poets became editors of the press. This article analyzes the leading Moscow periodicals on the boundary of the XIX-XX centuries, as well as the collections of little-known Moscow magazines: "Chitatel", "Knigovedenye", "Vokrug sveta", etc.
Key words: Moscow press of the boundary XIX-XX centuries, Russian writers, journalism of V.Ya. Bryusov, creativity of A.A. Fedorov-Davydov, journalism of A.S. Serafimovich.
R.S. BUBNOV PhD student, North-West Institute of Management The Russian presidential academy of National economy and Public administration, Department of state and municipal management, Moscow, Russia
DEPARTMENT OF CUSTOMS DUTIES OF THE MINISTRY OF FINANCE IN THE SYSTEM OF STATE POWER (1864-1914)
The article discusses the features of the organization of customs Affairs in 1864-1914 through the study of the role of the Department of customs duties of the Ministry of Finance of the Russian Empire, as one of the public authorities of the country. The conclusion is made about the prospects of a close study of the historical aspects of the development of customs, the activities of the Department of customs duties, management and organization of the system of customs authorities to improve the efficiency of the customs authorities at the present stage.
Key words: Department, customs fees, customs districts, customs, Ministry of Finance, border guard, reform, state power, custom authority.
K.D. GUSEV Department of Russian History, Kuban State University, Krasnodar, Russia
PROBLEM STUDY THE HISTORY OF LITTLE RUSSIA OF THE XVII CENTURY: HISTORIOGRAPHIC ASPECT
The article discusses the historiography of the study of problematic issues in the history of Little Russia in the XVII century. A periodization of historiography is proposed, consisting of 4 stages: 1. collective (1760-1820); 2. scientific, pre-revolutionary (1830-1917); 3. soviet (1917-1991); 4. modern – Ukrainian and Russian (since 1991). Highlights the key debatable problems of each of the stages, as well as the scientific views of specific historians. It highlights the modern stage of research, which is characterized by a historiographic split between the historical schools of Ukraine and Russia. An extensive historiographical review of the works of contemporary authors is being made. Promising areas of study the history of Little Russia are noted – the study of the mentality the local elite, the analysis of ethnic and religious structures, the historical geography of the region, as well as the biographies of hetmans and the problem of the birth of local statehood.
Key words: Little Russia, Ukraine, historiography, XVII century, periodization, stage, discussion, identity, construction, Khmelnytsky Uprising (1648-1654), the Ruin.
THEORY, PHILOSOPHY AND POLICY HISTORY
L.F. BOLTENKOVA Doctor of Sciences (history), Professor at the Institute of public administration and management, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russia
“GOD'S IDEA” ABOUT ANCIENT RUSSIA
The author considers it lawful to raise the question of “God's idea” about Ancient Russia, proceeding from the thesis that History is God's Providence and God's March on Earth. The above theses belong to the theologians well known in the history of political thought (Tertullian, Augustine Aurelius, Thomas Aquinas and other).
“God's idea” about Ancient Russia, according to the author, was to lead the newly emerging ethnic group (nationality) to Baptism (Orthodoxy) at the state level, so that the religious ideology could develop the “Russian spirit.”
"Russian spirit" became the foundation and the basis for the subsequent history of Russ – Russia, the Keeper of the Orthodoxy on Earth.
Key words: history, idea, the Will, the Baptism of Russia, Orthodoxy, unity of the Russian lands, unity of the root.
POLITICAL REGIONALISM AND ETHNOPOLITICS
Sh.S. SULEYMANOVA Doctor of Political Sciences Professor of Public Relations and Media Policy Faculty of Journalism IGSU RANEPA under the President of the Russian Federation, Russia, Moscow
THE ROLE OF MEDIA AND NATIONAL PUBLIC ASSOCIATIONS IN IMPLEMENTING THE STRATEGY OF NATIONAL POLICY
Information support is one of the main factors for the effective implementation of the National Policy Strategy, and the media and national public associations play an important role in shaping the necessary understanding of issues related to inter-ethnic relations. The need for close work with the media and the journalistic community is becoming increasingly relevant, so that issues and problems of a national character are covered professionally – taking into account the specificity of the ethno-national theme, inter-ethnic relations, with an understanding of professional responsibility for the published information material.
Key words: national policy strategies, implementation, media, role, national public associations, interethnic relations.
O.V. DUBROVINA Dr.Sci. (Pol.Sci.), Professor, Chancellor of the Siberian Institute of International Relations and Regional Studies, Novosibirsk, Russia
R.R. SALAMOV postgraduate student of the Siberian Institute of International Relations and Regional Studies, Novosibirsk, Russia
THE FEATURES OF PARADIPLOMACY OF RUSSIA'S REGIONS (THE CASE OF NOVOSIBIRSK OBLAST)
The main purpose of this article is an analysis of the features of paradiplomacy of the Russian Federation’s regions in the case of Novosibirsk Oblast at the present stage. In this context, there is an analysis of the main aspects of modern Russian federalism and the multilevel mechanism of legal regulation of paradiplomacy of Russian regions. The main research methods used in this study are analysis and synthesis, systems approach, institutional method, structure functional analysis, event analysis. The study also reveals relevant experience of paradiplomacy of Novosibirsk Oblast (in the period of 2017 to 2018) and its great importance in the economic and social development of the region. Moreover, this article aims to define priority direction, forms and areas of international cooperation of the region. In addition, development perspectives of paradiplomacy of Novosibirsk Oblast are considered. This article also contains summary that conforms to the purpose of the study.
Key words: Russian Federation, Siberian Federal District, Novosibirsk Oblast, federalism, paradiplomacy, international cooperation.
А.R. SALGIRIEV Candidate of Sciences (political sciences), leading researcher at the Complex Research Institute named after Kh. I. Ibragimov of the Russian Academy of Sciences, leading researcher of the Academy of Sciences of Chechen Republic, Grozny, Russia
E.А. ARAKELYAN Candidate of Sciences (political sciences), The North Caucasus Federal University, Stavropol, Russia
М.А. DADUEV Candidate of Sciences (political sciences), leading researcher at the Complex Research Institute named after Kh. I. Ibragimov of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Grozny, Russia
L.L. DENISOVA Candidate of Sciences (political sciences), Associate Professor at the Chair of philosophy, law and social-humanitarian sciences of Armavir State Pedagogical University, Armavir, Russia
М.E.Kh. SHAMSUYEV Candidate of Sciences (political sciences), Associate Professor at Chechen State Pedagogical University, senior researcher of the Academy of Sciences of Chechen Republic, Grozny, Russia
POLITICAL EXTREMISM IN THE POLITICAL-ELITE DIMENSION (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE NORTH CAUCASUS REPUBLICS)
Due to historical and sociocultural specifics and geopolitical significance of the North Caucasus, it still remains a zone of ethno-political tensions and confrontations between different political systems. Against this background, there is a high frequency of manifestations, development and escalation of various conflicts, extremism and Wahhabism. The article discusses features of the manifestations and development of extremism and terrorism in the North Caucasus in the context of activities of ethno-political elites.
Political elites are the central actor of political processes in the region, they have the legitimacy, resources of power and influence. Experts understand that in the North Caucasus ethno-political elites are the subjects of preparation, adoption and implementation of the strategic and tactical decisions. In the context of this work, it is important to track the social practices of the elites countering and blocking factors leading to the manifestation of terrorism and extremism in the region.
Heads of the Russian North Caucasus regions are very successful in their fight against ideology and practice of terrorism and extremism, ethnic elites of individual republics of the region are especially successful in this task.
The work uses general philosophical and general scientific methods (observation, abstraction, system analysis, structural and functional analysis).
Recommendations were developed in the process of work that can contribute to the blocking of extremism and terrorism in the context of the regional political process.
Key words: Russia, North Caucasus, elites, extremism, terrorism, political process, conflicts, separatism, poverty.
E.R. LEBEDEVA graduate student of Department of political science, sociology and public relations of the Ufa state oil technical University, Ufa, Russia
Yu.B. KOZLOVA candidate of sociological Sciences, associate Professor of political science, sociology and public relations Department of Ufa state oil technical University, Ufa, Russia
DETERMINANTS OF THE INCREASING ROLE OF PUBLIC POLICY IN OVERCOMING THE CRISIS OF ADAPTATION OF THE INDIGENOUS PEOPLES OF UGRA IN THE INFORMATION SOCIETY OF MODERN RUSSIA
The article considers the measures of the state policy in the field of protection of the native habitat, preservation and development of the traditional way of life, management and handcrafting of indigenous peoples of the North on the territory Khanty-Mansiysk Autonomous Okrug – Ugra.
Key words: socio-economic development of indigenous peoples of the North of Khanty-Mansi Autonomous Okrug-Yugra, original culture, state support of indigenous peoples of the North.
POLITICAL INSTITUTES, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES
М.S. YALANUSYAN specialist at the Faculty of social technologies, North-West Institute of civil service, Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, St. Petersburg, Russia
INTERNET AS A POLITICAL TOOL OF THE XXI CENTURY
In his article, the author makes an attempt to consider one of the most significant inventions of the late XX century – the Internet as the main political instrument of the XXI century.
Information society both in Russia and around the world is entering a new level of socialization through the means of modern communication technologies.
Until 2019, Internet remained an uncontrolled structure for the current legislation, but despite this, during the last 5 years, it became the most important instrument of political dialogue between the authorities and the people, for the propaganda activities of the opposition structures and for “diversionary tactics” of politicians.
The purpose of the study is to identify practical benefits of the Internet as a tool for political dialogue between the authorities and society.
The relevance of the research topic is emphasized by the structure of the information space of modern Russia, which made possible an open bilateral dialogue between the government and society.
Key words: Internet, social networks, opposition, freedom of speech, state, power, world wide web, global network, gadgets, user, online broadcast, forum, microblog, moderation, SMS, MMS.
POLITICAL PROBLEMS OF THE GLOBALIZING WORLD
V.D. ERMACHENKOVA graduate student, Department of Comparative Political Science, Faculty of Political Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
ANALYSIS OF THE INFLUENCE OF UKRAINE ON THE DECISIONS OF INTERNATIONAL COMMUNITIES IN THE CONTEXT OF THE ENTRY OF THE CRIMEAN PENINSULA INTO RUSSIAN FEDERATION
In February 2014, the reaction of the world community to the actions of the Russian side in the Crimea was lightning. A number of international organizations, presidents, foreign ministers and ambassadors spoke out with harsh criticism of Russia and personally of President Putin V. Almost all European countries opposed the annexation of the Crimea to the Russian Federation: the United States, Canada, Japan, etc. China took a neutral position. Supported the actions of Putin V. only a few countries – Syria, Venezuela, Cuba and North Korea.
The West became particularly active after the press conference of Putin V. March 18, 2014, when the Russian president signed an agreement on the admission of Crimea to Russia. These factors have played into the hands of the Government of Ukraine, but the influence of the Ukrainian state on international decisions is weakening with each new year.
Key words: foreign policy, Crimea, Russia, Ukraine, autonomy, USSR, UN, referendum.
T.G. HUGAEV Ph.D. Student, Diplomatic Academy, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia, Moscow, Russia
SOUTH CAUCASUS EU POLICY: SECURITY ASPECTS
The emergence in the post-Soviet space of new independent states, for example, such as South Ossetia and Abkhazia, led the European Union to develop its own foreign policy approach in this direction. It is clear that the states of the South Caucasus, despite their geographical remoteness, are of particular importance for the EU.
Key words: South Caucasus, South Ossetia, Abkhazia, Russia, Georgia, EU.
I.I. ESIPOV graduate student of the North-West Institute of Management – branch of RANEPA, St. Petersburg, Russia
RETHINKING PUBLIC DIPLOMACY: THE ADVANTAGES AND LIMITATIONS OF THE CONCEPT OF "SOFT POWER" IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS
The article reinterprets public diplomacy and reveals the advantages and limitations of Joseph Nye's "soft power" concept. The author explores the causes of circulation and the evolution of the concept of "soft power" in Western researchers. Some scholars criticize the concept of J. Nye about soft power, because in practice it is of little help in the achievement of political or national goals. The author considers soft and hard power as a unity of opposites in international relations.
Key words: soft power, hard power, public diplomacy, hegemony, strategy.
HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND WORLD POLICY
S.P. KOSTRIKOV Doctor of history, Professor Moscow State University of management, Department of history and political science, Moscow, Russia
THE OPENING OF THE SALONICA FRONT AND ITALY (BASED ON THE MATERIALS OF THE RUSSIAN PRESS, AUTUMN 1915)
The article considers the materials of Russian Newspapers covering the events on the Salonica (Macedonian) front during the First world war. The main attention is paid to the publications covering the position of Italy in connection with the opening of the Salonica front. The evidence clearly shows that the tactics of the Italian government in the issue of participation in hostilities were dictated by claims for compensation in the form of the division of foreign territories. He was not interested in the freedom and independence of the Serbian and other Balkan peoples.
Key words: First world war, Italy, the Russian press and the Salonica front, the Balkans.
М.V. DOBRYNINA Candidate of Sciences (political sciences), Associate Professor at the Chair of economics, management and finance, Moscow Institute of Electronic Technology, Moscow, Russia
THE EDUCATIONAL POLICY OF THE UNITED STATES OF AMERICA OF THE XIX – BEGINNING OF XX CENTURY AND ITS IMPACT ON THE SOVIET SYSTEM OF ENGINEERING EDUCATION
In the article the author considers the features of the US policy in relation to engineering education. As policy imperatives, he highlights the subjectivity of civil society, the participation of the state through supportive and stimulating impact on the educational system, taboo management, controlling or coordinating the intervention of the Federal authorities. The author traces how the us Federal authorities influenced the system of engineering education through the adoption of the Laws of 1862 and 1917. Analyzes the causes and consequences of Americanization of educational policy of the USSR in the 30s of the twentieth century.
Key words: educational policy, engineering education, civil society, state support, democracy, state subsidies.
O.Yu. DUBROVINA PhD in Political Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor at the Department of International Relations, Siberian Institute of International Relations and Regional Studies, Novosibirsk, Russia
BASIC PRINCIPLES FOR SWISS FOREIGN POLICY
The article provides an analysis of the principles that Switzerland actively uses in its foreign policy, taking into account global changes and peculiarities of the Confederation government. The work analyzes such principles as eternal neutrality, good services, mediation, soft power, smart power, selective integration, subsidiarity, distribution of powers and competences, compromise, confederation, referendum democracy, magic formula.
Key words: Swiss foreign policy, foreign policy principles, neutrality, soft power, good services, subsidiarity, confederation.
V.A. CHERNIGOVTSEV department of the general history and archeology, Graduate student of Orel State University named after I.S. Turgenev, Orel, Russia
THE POLITICAL RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FRENCH RIGHT CENTRISTS AND RUSSIA (AT THE DAWN OF ХХ-ХХI)
The article reveals problem of political ambiguous relations between the French right centrists and the Russian Federation at the dawn of ХХ-ХХI. In the article we isolated and considered the international affair’s historical aspects as for the examples of differences events 1995-2010.
Key words: the French right centrists, Russia, France, NATO, Jacques Chirac, Alan Juppe, USA, Boris Yeltsin, Nicolas Sarkozy, Yugoslavia, European Union.
O.V. KALININ MA international relations, MGIMO University, Moscow, Russia
Yu.A. RYBAKOVA MA international relations, MGIMO University, World Bank Consultant, Moscow, Russia
M.V. KOVALYOV MA international relations, Tver State University, Tver, Russia
SWITZERLAND AS AN OFFICIAL DEVELOPMENT ASSISTANCE DONOR: MAIN FEATURES AND DEVELOPMENT PROSPECTS
The article is dedicated to the official development assistance (ODA) allocated by Switzerland. The authors consider ODA volumes, its sectoral focus and key recipients. The special attention is paid to the institutions responsible for planning and implementation of the ODA and to the modern prospects in this sphere.
Key words: Switzerland, official development assistance, sustainable development.