Scientific Journal “Issues of National and Federative Relations”. Volume 10. Issue 10 (67), 2020.
CONTENTS
DOMESTIC HISTORY, ETHNOLOGY AND ETHNOGRAPHY
THEORY, PHILOSOPHY AND HISTORY OF POLITICS
POLITICAL REGIONALISM AND ETHNOPOLITICS
POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES
POLITICAL PSYCHOLOGY, CULTURE AND IDEOLOGY
POLITICAL PROBLEMS OF THE GLOBALIZING WORLD
DOMESTIC HISTORY, ETHNOLOGY AND ETHNOGRAPHY
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.67.10.001
D.V. SAPRYNSKAIA PhD student, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Institute of Asian and African Studies, Moscow, Russia
ZH.S. SYZDYKOVA Doctor of History, Professor, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Institute of Asian and African Studies, Moscow, Russia
SOVIET NATIONAL POLICY AND RESETTLEMENT IN KAZAKHSTAN
This article examines the problem of the Soviet resettlement policy and its aspects in Kazakhstan. It is emphasized that the movement of nations in the form of resettlement received special features within the framework of the imperial history. Subsequently the Soviet policy had its own principles, by adopting the Land Code the Soviets managed to remove some parts of the colonial shade of the resettlement movement. Thus, the Soviet national policy led to a decrease in the number of the Kazakh population in the region. Today the Republic of Kazakhstan has a significant potential of the Russian-speaking population to become a resource for replenishing the number of citizens of the Russian Federation.
Key words: Kazakhstan, resettlement, national policy, councils, power, population.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.67.10.002
T.A. SHEBZUKHOVA Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor of the Department of Theory and history of state and law of the Institute of service, tourism and design (branch) FGAOU VO «North-Caucasian Federal University» in Pyatigorsk Pyatigorsk, Russia
HISTORY OF TOURISM FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT IN NORTH CAUCASUS REGION
This article is a brief review of the history of tourism development in the North Caucasus region.
Since the entry of the North Caucasus into the Russian Empire, its favorable climate, unique geographical location, rich and diverse national-cultural traditions and unique local cuisine, naturally defined tourism as one of the areas of development of the economy of the region; however, before the full formation of the local tourism sector began, it took several decades, after accession, during which the region was "tightened" to the then existing civilizational and legal standards of the Russian Empire, and the development of a system of communications and infrastructure capable of servicing tourist flows to the region and providing safety standards for travelers.
Initially, the tourism industry in the North Caucasus was formed on the basis of diving centers at mineral springs, then mountain tourism began to emerge, which initially was more likely hiking, and only in the last quarter of the 19th century did the first tourist organizations appear here aimed at full-fledged tourism in the mountains. In the later Soviet period, the active development of beach tourism began, primarily on the Black Sea coast, although this process was also started in Tsarist Russia.
The collapse of the USSR and the subsequent severe socio-economic crisis, which grew into open clashes in the North Caucasus, by the end of the 20th and beginning of the 21st centuries significantly undermined the tourist industry of the region, with the exception of the Black Sea coast, and only in the second half of the 2000s, with state support and stimulation, began the revival of the tourist sphere of the North Caucasus.
Key words: North Caucasus, tourism, development of tourism and economies, history, prospects of development.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.67.10.003
A.V. SHLYAKHOV Post-graduate student at the Samara State University, Samara, Russia
TRANSFORMATION OF THE HISTORICAL MEMORY ABOUT THE WWI ON THE PAGES OF THE CLASS STRUGGLE MAGAZINE (1931-1936)
The article presents the results of one of the paragraphs of the dissertation research devoted to the analysis of the transformation of the historical memory about the WWI on the pages of the Class Struggle magazine in the years from 1931 to 1936. The object of research: WWI in Russia; the subject of research: publications about WWI in 32 issues of the Class Struggle magazine in the years from 1931 to 1936; the purpose of research: consideration of the transformation of the views on the WWI on the pages of Class Struggle magazine in that period. It is assumed that the Class Struggle magazine (1931-1936) did not “forget” WWI; there was a gradual terminological, substantive and political transformation of the historical memory about the WWI. From a terminological point of view, there was a gradual shift in emphasis from the “imperialist” character of the war to its “world” nature. From a substantive point of view, there was no significant change in the interpretation of the causes of WWI, but in the consideration of the degree of the guilt of certain countries in the outbreak of the WWI, the emphasis was somewhat shifted. Despite the fact that the memory about the WWI did not go beyond the period of the second half of the 19th century-the beginning of the 20th century, the internal content of this period gradually became richer. The focus of attention began to fall not only on individual historical events, but also on various processes, phenomena and personalities. The reference to certain historical events, processes and phenomena was characterized by the placement of political accents. From the point of view of the political transformation of the WWI, there was a generally similar interpretation of the WWI. At the same time, historical parallels between the period before the WWI and the military-political situation in the 1930s remained unchanged. Much attention was paid to the methodological side of forming the historical memory about the WWI.
Key words: historical memory, transformation of the historical memory, magazine “The struggle of classes”.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.67.10.004
V.V. KOTELNIKOV Graduate student Omsk State Pedagogical University, Omsk, Russia
THE COURSE OF THE UPRISING AND THE MAIN REASONS FOR THE DEFEAT OF THE KENESARY KASYMOV UPRISING
The national liberation movement of the Kazakh people against colonialism is one of the priority issues in the history of Kazakhstan. With the independence of the Republic of Kazakhstan, the attention of scientists was directed to one of the largest uprisings of Kenesary Kasymov and the reasons for his defeat, which lasted for more than 10 years from 1837 to 1847.
The article analyzes significant information about the uprising of Kenesary Kasymov in historical science, and the historiographical tradition has developed in the study of both the uprising itself and the personality of Kenesary Kasymov.
Key words: Kenesary Kasymov, Kazakhstan, uprising, national liberation movement, Junior Zhuz, middle Zhuz, senior Zhuz, citizenship, Association, khanate, military Union.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.67.10.005
O.A. KRUPSKAIA PhD student of Moscow City University in Foreign and Russian History Department, Dual Degree Programs Coordinator in Master’s Programs Directorate of MGIMO-University Moscow, Russia
THE POLISH NATIONAL IDENTITY ISSUE AND RUSSIA
This article covers the heart of the national identity issue in the context of the Polish Question. The goals of the present research are to explore the roots of the national identity preservation problem, to look into polish ways to decide it and the difficulties of the national identity issue in the period of struggle for independence on the second part of XIX century.
Key words: the polish question, the national identity issue, uprising 1863-1864, partitions of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.
THEORY, PHILOSOPHY AND HISTORY OF POLITICS
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.67.10.006
L.F. BOLTENKOVA Doctor of Sciences (law), Professor, Moscow, Russia
THE BIBLE AS A SOURCE OF LAW
(PART ONE)
Based on the second part of Article 67 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, the author sets the task to show the convergence in the legal systems of the world divine and human principles, while keeping in mind that the beginning of a positive (human, artificial) rights was embedded in the theological stage of civilization. The implementation of this task requires an analysis of various legal concepts in their historical development; the content of the Bible in the context of the norms of human behavior, rules of life (commandments, parables of Jesus Christ, recommendations of the Holy Apostles); regulatory documents of various countries, including Russia, in their historical development.
The article is divided into several parts based on the volume of its content.
Key words: God, divine law, natural law, positive law, Bible, Commandments, philosophers, scientists, lawyers, normative documents, legal concepts.
POLITICAL REGIONALISM AND ETHNOPOLITICS
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.67.10.007
А.R. RAUFF Postgraduate student at the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration; Consultant of the National Policy Division, Department of National Policy and Interregional Relations of Moscow, Moscow, Russia
ROLE OF MASS MEDIA IN THE FORMATION OF ETHNO-CULTURAL COMMUNICATIONS IN THE CITY MOSCOW
In the article, the author analyzes the work of the Moscow Government in the field of harmonization of interethnic relations. He draws attention to the great importance of its multi-ethnic unity for the socio-economic development of Moscow. The author analyzes the work of mass media in terms of harmonization of interethnic relations, preservation of peace and harmony and prevention of interethnic conflicts. In particular, the role of the media in informing citizens about events, proposals of national cultural associations, problems and difficulties that national cultural associations face in the course of their activities. The author emphasizes that the formation of a unified information field is one of the main tasks of states. The author speaks about the need to create a unified information platform regarding peoples and ethnic groups of the Russian Federation, their culture, languages, traditions and customs; development and implementation of the Moscow government's “ethno-cultural map of the capital,” which reflects information about the ethno-demographic and socio-cultural processes, which in turn help to identify the degree of influence of socio-economic and migration processes on the nature of inter-ethnic relations in the city as a whole.
Key words: interethnic relations, national policy, mass media, information, communications, Moscow government, monitoring of interethnic relations, harmonization.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.67.10.008
D.V. SINTSOVA Moscow State Institute of International Relations (University) MFA of Russia, Moscow, Russia
THE APPROACH TO INTEGRATION IN ASEAN AND ITS PERSPECTIVES IN THE CONTEXT OF INTERNATIONAL SECURITY
The article examines both the features of the formation of ASEAN as an international association, but also the role of this organization in the integration of the countries of Southeast and East Asia.
The relevance of the presented study lies in the fact that network structures play an increasing role in global politics, which is due to active globalization processes, the development of information and communication technologies, the need to coordinate actions of states in solving various problems.
The study identified the key features of ASEAN as an integration association, provided a brief historical background of the conditions of its formation. It was found that the totality of modern goals, tasks and conditions of activity of this organization was influenced precisely by the historical conditions for the formation of statehood in the region as well as the desire of states to delegate their powers to solve problems to supranational structures.
In the case of ASEAN, there is no supranational level of government, because states, due to their economic and political heterogeneity, are not interested in forming a supranational level of government. In addition, these networks serve different purposes: in ASEAN, preventing the rise of China and India as the dominant economic players in the Southeast Asia region is key.
Key words: Southeast Asia, ASEAN, integration, regionalism, free trade zone, ASEAN community.
POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.67.10.009
E.N. PRIMOVA Candidate of Historical Sciences, leading researcher Research Institute of the Academy of the General Prosecutor's Office of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
ON THE CRISIS OF THE LEGITIMACY OF THE POWER
The article attempts to identify and analyze some, in the author's opinion, key factors contributing to the crisis of the legitimacy of power in the context of the information revolution and globalization. Having shown more or less significant differences between the concepts of "legality" and "legitimacy", it was concluded that the power system by all or almost all criteria can be legal, i.e. based on the principles of generally accepted international law, at the same time, not always and not necessarily ensuring its legitimacy. The essence of the issue is that its awareness and acceptance is determined by socio-cultural, national-historical, moral-ethical and other components of the national identity and mentality of the corresponding people. The main attention is focused on substantiating the thesis that the crisis of the legitimacy of power is rooted in the crisis of power itself as a result of profound changes that have taken place in recent years in the infrastructures of the modern world.
Key words: рower, legality, legitimacy, crisis, people, sovereignty, law, state, politics, national identity, globalization, information revolution.
POLITICAL PSYCHOLOGY, CULTURE AND IDEOLOGY
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.67.10.010
V.V. VAGINA Graduate student of the Department of Sociology and Psychology of Politics, Faculty of Political Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
THE ROLE AND PLACE OF THE IMAGE OF THE CHAIRMAN OF THE GOVERNMENT OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION IN THE STRUCTURE OF POLITICAL IDEAS ABOUT THE SECOND GOVERNMENT D.A. MEDVEDEV
The article presents the results of an empirical study aimed at studying the image of the Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation D.A. Medvedev, formed in the mass consciousness of Russians. The author analyzes the degree of influence of the image of the Chairman of the Government of the Russian Federation on the political ideas of citizens about the second Government of the Russian Federation D.A. Medvedev. The image of a political leader is studied at two levels of perception: rational and irrational, using scales of attractiveness, strength and activity. Examining the relationship between the ideal ideas of citizens regarding the figure of the Prime Minister of the Russian Federation and the real image formed in the mass consciousness, the author comes to the conclusion that there is some contradiction between them.
Key words: political perception, political image, mass consciousness, rational component, irrational component.
POLITICAL PROBLEMS OF THE GLOBALIZING WORLD
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.67.10.011
G.I. GADZHIMURADOVA PhD in Philosophy, Associate Professor, MGIMO University of the MFA of Russia; Leading Researcher at the Institute for Demographic Research of FCTAS RAS, Moscow, Russia
M.Y. APANOVICH PhD in Political Sciences, Associate Professor, MGIMO University of the MFA of Russia, Moscow, Russia
V.A. MEDVED PhD Student, Lecturer, MGIMO University of the MFA of Russia, Moscow, Russia
SECURITIZATION OF THE MIGRATION POLICY OF EUROPEAN COUNTRIES IN THE ERA OF MIGRATION TURBULENCE
Global socio-economic and political crises caused by the wide range of interrelated factors have led to a significant increase in migration flows in the modern world. Migration management issues for many countries has become the top issue on the political agenda. The growing proportion of migrants in the population of most European countries, the lack of a coordinated position of the countries of destination of migrants, the increase in the number of offenses related to migrants, and the low level of integration of some migrants force European states to follow the path of tightening migration policies in order to ensure national security. At the same time, the positions of humanism, ensuring the rights of migrants to provide protection are also clearly traced in the European public sphere. In this sense, certain measures of European states aimed at securitizing migration policy are in conflict with the principles of humanism that underlie the policy of hospitality and assistance to refugees. This article is devoted to the analysis of the reasons and consequences of the tightening of the migration policy of some European countries in connection with the growth of migration flows from some Arab-Muslim states as a result of the "refugee crisis". The paper presents a comparative analysis of modern migration policy measures in France, Great Britain and the Nordic countries aimed at ensuring national security and reducing the threat of uncontrolled migration.
The work uses elements of statistical, comparative and formalized analysis based on collecting and processing information, studying and comparing facts and identifying cause-and-effect relationships between them.
Key words: securitization of migration, national security, illegal migration, France, Great Britain, countries of Northern Europe.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.67.10.012
N.N. RAVOCHKIN PhD in Philosophy, Associate Professor of the Department of Humanitarian and Legal Disciplines Kuzbass State Agricultural Academy; Associate Professor at the Department of History, Philosophy and Social Sciences Kuzbass State Technical University named after T.F. Gorbachev, Kemerovo, Russia
REASONS FOR THE FAILURES OF MODERN POLITICAL AND LEGAL TRANSFORMATIONS IN THE COUNTRIES OF THE WORLD PERIPHERAL
Socio-political transformations, one way or another, accompany any country that is freed from the previous ideological and ideological influence. The article examines various aspects of socio-political transformations in the Baltic countries and the former OVD in the realities of post-Soviet life. The author analyzes domestic fundamental and applied research focused on revealing the essential factors that influenced the transformation processes in the considered (macro) regions. In addition, conclusions are presented that are congruent with the empirical material of the reality of the countries considered.
Key words: socio-political transformations, semi-periphery, state, power, collapse of the USSR, institutional transformations.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.67.10.013
G.T. BATSAZOV Graduate Student of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russia
INTERRELIGIOUS RELATIONS IN REPUBLIC OF LEBANON AT THE CURRENT TIME
In this article the features of interreligious relationships in Republic of Lebanon are addressed. It is noted that religious division and religious self-determination is a fundamental principle of internal policy of the country. To date political, party, crony, economic division based on religion happened in the country. Thus, such confessional division in addition to such advantages as religious equality, multiconfessionalism and representation prevents from the unity of the country, creates interreligious tensions and lobbying in the internal policy of the country.
Key words: interreligious policy, multiconfessionalism, clannishness.