Scientific Journal “Issues of National and Federative Relations”. Volume 11. Issue 10 (79), 2021
CONTENTS
DOMESTIC HISTORY, ETHNOLOGY AND ETHNOGRAPHY
HISTORY AND THEORY OF POLITICS
POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES
POLITICAL REGIONALISM AND ETHNOPOLITICS
THEORY AND HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY
STUDENT SCIENCE
CONFERENCES
DOMESTIC HISTORY, ETHNOLOGY AND ETHNOGRAPHY
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.79.10.001
R.I. RAIMOV PhD student Lomonosov Moscow State University, Institute of Asian and African Studies, Moscow, Russia
ZH.S. SYZDYKOVA Doctor of History, Professor, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Institute of Asian and African Studies, Moscow, Russia
JADIDISM AND BASMATISM: TRENDS AND CONTRADICTIONS
This article examines one of the most important aspects of the microclimate of Turkestan Islam during the years of Sovietization of Central Asia, as the relationship between the Basmachi and the Jadids. Jadidism originally emerged as a progressive enlightenment and reform movement within Islam. By 1917, it had transformed into a political movement that insisted on an autonomous and all-Russian (and later independent and nationalist) democratic, secular way of development and the future structure of Central Asia. It is noted that from the very beginning, the progressives were actively opposed by the most conservative wing of Turkestan Islam, called "Kadimiya", which defended the traditional, Sharia way. During the years of Sovietization, this confrontation resulted in a struggle with a new force - Basmachism, which arose by 1918 due to a whole set of reasons. It is emphasized that in the relations between the Jadids and the Basmachs they were not representatives of a single camp and did not have unified coordinated goals.
Key words: Jadidism, Basmatism, Islam, Central Asia, Soviets.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.79.10.002
T.M. SHAVLAEVA Doctor of Historical Sciences, Chief Researcher of the Department of Ethnology of the Institute of Humanitarian Studies of the Academy of Sciences of the Chechen Republic, Grozny, Chechen Republic, Russia
A.A. DAHO Candidate of the degree of Candidate of Historical Sciences of the Department of History of the Integrated Research Institute named after H.I. Ibragimov of the Russian Academy of Sciences of the Chechen Republic, Grozny, Chechen Republic, Russia
Z.A. TESAEV Senior Researcher at the Department of Ethnology of the Institute of Humanitarian Studies of the Academy of Sciences of the Chechen Republic, Grozny, Chechen Republic, Russia
E.S. SADULAEV Intern Researcher of the Department of Ethnology of the Institute of Humanitarian Studies of the Academy of Sciences of the Chechen Republic, Grozny, Chechen Republic, Russia
ON THE ISSUE OF STUDYING THE ACHKHOYEVO-BAMUT MOUNTAIN-WOODED ZONE OF THE CHECHEN REPUBLIC
(BASED ON THE MATERIALS OF THE HISTORICAL AND ETHNOGRAPHIC EXPEDITION)
This article is written on the basis of field materials of a historical and ethnographic expedition to the Achkhoyevo-Bamut region of the Chechen Republic. In the course of field work, the toponymic landscape of the specified zone was studied, in particular, the history of the origin of toponyms and their etymology were given, the names of farm settlements laid out in forest clearings for the purpose of economic activity were described. Some toponymic data indicate the ancestral affiliation of the owners. The article presents a rich material on the flora and fauna of the district. A wide range of pottery products shows the pottery production developed for its time, and the mixed composition of the samples also allows for the presence of an underlying layer. It is emphasized that this zone is a historically important place, combining economic and strategic importance.
Key words: Chechen Republic, Achkhoyevo-Bamut zone, toponymy, "Ayset Cemetery", "Burial of a warrior", "Field of Giants", flora and fauna, pottery.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.79.10.003
D.V. GUDIMENKO Candidate of Sciences (history), senior researcher of the Sector of political theory, IMEMO RAS, Moscow, Russia
NATIONALISM IN THE CONTEMPORARY WORLD: TYPOLOGIZATION AND WAYS OF MANIFESTATION
The article examines various types of modern nationalism as a phenomenon of political life. It is shown that it can manifest itself in the form of separatism, irredentism, protective reaction to immigration, etc. It is noted that nationalism is often associated with painful reflection and an inferiority complex. The political practice of nationalism inevitably involves discrimination against ethnic minorities and can lead to acute conflicts up to civil wars. The question of the degree of compatibility of nationalism with respect for fundamental democratic principles and human rights remains debatable.
Key words: nationalism, nation, separatism, irredentism, national egoism, xenophobia, terrorism, ethnocracy, revanchism, radicalism.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.79.10.004
M.S. BOLOTIN Professor of History of the Ivanteevsky branch of the Moscow Polytechnic University, Moscow, Russia
HISTORIOGRAPHY OF POLITICAL INVESTIGATION IN THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE 1881-1917
At the end of the XIX – beginning of the XX century, there was an increase in public discontent in different strata of society, which required the strengthening of law enforcement activities of the state. Similar conditions are developing now. In the conditions of increasing uncertainty of development and socio-economic tension in modern Russia, the study of best practices in ensuring security and public order can help ensure the preservation of internal order and security in the country. The study of historical experience is primarily based on the historiography of the problem. The article examines in detail the historiography of political investigation in the context of three chronological stages.
Key words: historiography, political investigation, political police, okhrana, security departments.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.79.10.005
E.V. BORISOVА Lecturer of the ChU "Crimean College of Economics and Law "; graduate student of Krymsky Engineering and Pedagogical University them. Fevzi Yakubova, Simferopol, Russia
PROBLEMS OF FORESTRY IN THE CRIMEA DURING THE ESTABLISHMENT OF THE SOVIET POWER IN NOVEMBER 1920
The article deals with the problems of forestry in the Crimea, facing the Soviet government, and the ways to solve them, when in November 1920, the Soviet government, finally established in the Crimea, urgently considered the issue of protecting forests, stopping deforestation, and delivering fuel by the population.
Key words: forest felling, horse-drawn duty, fuel crisis, Special Fuel Troika, fuel week.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.79.10.006
R.A. MALSAGOV Post-graduate student of the Department of History socio-political doctrines of the Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia
RELIGIOUS FACTOR IN SOCIAL AND POLITICAL LIFE OF MODERN SOCIETY: SECULARIZATION AND DESECULARIZATION
This study is devoted to the examination of two parallel processes in modern society: secularization and de-secularization. Because to globalization, the humanity of the XXI century mostly exists in a single information field: we are all familiar with Hollywood films, Russian classical literature and Eastern poetry. However, can we say that the era of “intercultural confrontation” has come to an end? Not at all, especially taking into account that the religious factor still remains a reason for conflicts, because along with the general trend towards the growth of atheism, we are seeing a completely opposite surge in the activity of radical religious movements, it is this phenomenon that the work will be devoted to.
Key words: secularization, desecularization, multiculturalism, globalization, Arab-Muslim society.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.79.10.007
A.V. STOLYAROV Graduate student Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University named after I.N. Ulyanov, Ulyanovsk, Russia
THE ACTIVITY OF THE CPSU (B) IN THE MIDDLE VOLGA REGION IN THE "PRE-COLLECTIVE FARM" PERIOD: A HISTORIOGRAPHICAL REVIEW OF THE 1920S-1930S.
The article attempted to disclose the activities of the CPSU in the Middle Volga region in the pre-farm period, during the period to implement the Leninist plan for co-operating peasant farms. In summarizing the experience of the Communist Party in implementing the Leninist cooperative plan, it is of great importance to study the laws of the socialist transformation of agriculture, which were manifested differently in certain paradise areas of the country. For example, local party organizations had to take into account the national characteristics of the population. In the middle Volga provinces there were national regions inhabited by Tatars, Chuvash, Mordovians. There were significantly fewer communists in them than in areas with a predominant Russian population, which created additional difficulties.
Key words: CPSU, village, collective farm, cooperative plan, socialism, small-scale production, cooperation, NEP, peasants, Soviet power.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.79.10.008
A.A. SHADYSHKOV Post-graduate student of Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University named after I.N. Ulyanov, Ulyanovsk, Russia
LABOR ACTIVITY OF THE PEASANTRY MIDDLE VOLGA REGION IN THE PERIOD OF DEVELOPED SOCIALISM: A HISTORIOGRAPHICAL VIEW
This article attempts to identify some trends in the study of the labor activity of the peasantry of the Middle Volga region during the period of developed socialism in the historical literature published in 1965-1975. The literature published mainly in the autonomous republics is analyzed, since familiarity with these publications gives reason to note that the greatest attention of researchers was paid to such issues as identifying factors affecting the growth of labor activity of the peasantry, the forms of its appearance and its impact on the development of agriculture. The sources note in a complex system of factors that determine the growth of labor activity, the decisive role of the material and technological working conditions of the peasantry. The researchers paid special attention to such simple resources of the CPSU policy as "non-material stimulation" of workers of state farms and collective farmers, to the agitation of positive examples of leaders, heroes of labor and collectives.
Key words: Village, collective farm, state farm, peasantry, agrarian history, labor, agro-industrial integration.
HISTORY AND THEORY OF POLITICS
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.79.10.009
L.F. BOLTENKOVA Doctor of Sciences (law), Professor, Moscow, Russia
THE BIBLE AS A SOURCE OF LAW
(PART THIRTEEN)
Based on the second part of Article 67 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, the author sets the task to show the convergence in the legal systems of the world divine and human principles, while keeping in mind that the beginning of a positive (human, artificial) rights was embedded in the theological stage of civilization. The implementation of this task requires an analysis of various legal concepts in their historical development; the content of the Bible in the context of the norms of human behavior, rules of life (commandments, parables of Jesus Christ, recommendations of the Holy Apostles); regulatory documents of various countries, including Russia, in their historical development.
The article is divided into several parts based on the volume of its content.
Key words: God, divine law, natural law, positive law, Bible, Commandments, philosophers, scientists, lawyers, normative documents, legal concepts.
POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.79.10.010
V.A. DANILOV PhD in History, associate professor of RUDN University, the Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
E.V. DANILOVA PhD in History, associate professor of RUDN University, the Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
TRANSFORMATION OF THE RUSSIAN AND CHINESE VECTOR OF TRANSATLANTIC COOPERATION AT THE PRESENT STAGE
The article deals with the problems of interaction between Western countries in the Russian and Chinese directions. The chronological framework is determined by the current process of forming the policy of Western states in relation to the Russian Federation and the PRC, as well as the existing difficulties on this path.
According to the author, the foreign policy course of the leadership of the United States and the EU since the second half of the XX century has been focused on an active international policy in promoting their interests. Meanwhile, the development of the situation in the world over the past 20 years has significantly changed the geopolitical alignment and the role of world powers in civilizational development. There is no doubt about the economic breakthrough of the People's Republic of China and the country's entry into the leaders of world development. The restoration of Russia's political and economic positions is progressing steadily, with a stable prospect of reaching the level of influence on the world processes of the Soviet Union. The article emphasizes that all parties will strive to find ways of geopolitical balance. At the same time, the outcome of the confrontation between the superpowers will determine the role and place of each of them for the next 30-50 years.
Key words: the United States, the European Union, Russia, China, NATO, transatlantic cooperation, international relations.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.79.10.011
ASSI ABED EL RAHIM Graduate student, Khetagurov North Ossetian State Universit, Vladikavkaz, Russia
DEFINITION OF THE POLITICAL IMAGE
In this article, we will consider the history of image formation, how the image created by the chief state affects the behavior of his subordinates persons. The image of a politician, its construction, maintenance, management and promotion are one of the main components of the effectiveness of influence on audience. In the image, what is expedient is successful – it ensures progress towards the goal, reflects the event for improving the image, and prmotes intensive possession of information with predictable reaction to it.
Key words: image formation, image policy, imageology, image management, image of a politician.
POLITICAL REGIONALISM AND ETHNOPOLITICS
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.79.10.012
M.M. GADZHIEV Doctor of Political Sciences, Professor of the Department of Philosophy and Socio-Political Sciences of Dagestan State University, Makhachkala, Russia
THE MAIN FACTORS IN THE FORMATION OF ETHNO-POLITICS IN THE NORTH CAUCASUS REGION: HISTORICAL CONTINUITY AND MODERN IMPLEMENTATION
In this article, the author refers to the actual topic of modern Russian inter-ethnic relations in the Northern Caucasus. The main factors and peculiarities of interethnic relations in the North Caucasus is scrutinized. The purpose of the study is to identify the key factors in the formation of inter-ethnic relations in the North Caucasian region in the context of its political and cultural development. The paper is based on the application of the principles of neo-institutionalism and comparative analysis. Particular attention is paid to such an important issue as the specifics of administrative and territorial division of the North Caucasus and its impact on international relations in the region. It also discusses the risks of international relations caused by the intensification of religious extremists in the national republics of the North Caucasus. The author proceeds from the assumption that ethno-political measures are subordinated to the goals of stabilizing inter-ethnic relations in a transitional society, such as post-Soviet Russia.
Key words: North Caucasus, ethnic relations, ethnicity, continuity, elites, religious fundamentalism, national republics.
THEORY AND HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.79.10.013
A.A. TUSHKOV Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor of the Department of International Relations and Law of the Vladivostok State University of Economics and Service, Vladivostok, Russia
A.P. ALEKHINA Bachelor of the Vladivostok State University of Economics and Service, Vladivostok, Russia
D.A. ZHIVOTOVA Bachelor of the Department of International Relations and Law of the Vladivostok State University of Economics and Service, Vladivostok, Russia
SOUTHEAST ASIA IN THE CONTEXT OF THE GLOBAL CHALLENGE OF VUKA - WORLD: THE PROBLEM OF INCLUSIVITY OR A TOOL OF WESTERN TECHNOLOGIES?
In this article, the authors analyze the global changes that is taking place in the «crumbling world» – unstable, uncertain, complex and ambiguous world. The main direction of authors research is Southeast Asia, where fundamental world problems are concentrated today. In addition, during COronaVIrus Disease 2019 billions of people were sent to isolation, the world economy plunged into a full-scale crisis, and most international institutions were devalued. And it makes the situation particularly acute. The international community has not made any effective attempts to coordinate international efforts to get out of this full-scale crisis. To date, an effectively functioning international order based on global governance has not been created, while the system has occupied a new attractor.
Key words: VUKA – world, COrona VIrus Disease 2019, «the crumbling world», Southeast Asia, NATO, ASEAN, AUKUS, the concept of a «Free and open Indo-Pacific region», the concept of «Co-society of the common destiny of mankind».
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.79.10.014
G.M. SIDOROVA Doctor of Political Science, Professor of the Department of Diplomacy and Consular Service of the Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia, Moscow, Russia
R.N. SHANGARAEV Ph.D. (Economic Sciences), Associate Professor of the Department of Public Administration in Foreign Policy of the Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia, Moscow, Russia
FEATURES OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE AFRICAN VECTOR OF CONTEMPORARY TURKISH FOREIGN POLICY
Turkey's penetration into Africa is a popular topic in media publications and scientific research. Neo-Ottomanism, imperialism – this is how international think tanks and journalists characterize Ankara's actions on the continent. After Erdogan came to power, Turkey's foreign policy expanded to the African continent, which has never happened in the history of the republic. The intensification of the activity of the Turks at the present stage raises many questions not only about what impact this will have on economic and political processes, but also causes great concern for security. Military intervention, the operation of private military companies, interference in internal political processes, support for radical Islamist groups have become the subject of UN reports, as well as a reason for disagreements with the countries of Africa and Europe.
Key words: Turkey, Africa, strategic partnership, foreign policy, UN.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.79.10.015
S.M. PLIEV Ph.D., Associate Professor of the Department of Political Science and Sociology, South Ossetian State University, Tskhinval, Republic of South Ossetia
L.T. KULUMBEGOVA Senior Lecturer, Department of Political Science and Sociology, South Ossetian State University, Tskhinval, Republic of South Ossetia
I.B. SANAKOEV Ph.D., Professor of the Department of Political Science and Sociology, South Ossetian State University, Tskhinval, Republic of South Ossetia
N.G. SMOLIK Senior Lecturer, Department of Theory and History of International Relations, RUDN, Moscow, Russia
SOFT POWER AS A NEW SYSTEM FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF FOREIGN POLICY INTERESTS
Today, one of the main instruments of influence in the foreign policy of subjects of international relations is soft power, but there is not always a clear idea of what it is and how it works. This article discusses theoretical approaches to the concept of soft power and its main mechanisms. The general tools of soft power and hard power are considered. This paper focuses on the comparison of soft power and propaganda approaches. The author's definition of the concept of "soft power" is given. The possibilities of methods and strategies of soft power are analyzed from the point of view of the attractiveness of its potential and resources. It was revealed that this concept cannot fully explain the foreign policy of states that use soft power technologies in order to increase their influence on socio-political processes in countries falling under their sphere of interests.
Key words: soft power, propaganda, "Step to a Better Future", coercive mechanisms, Georgia, Republic of South Ossetia.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.79.10.016
D.V. PIKALOV Candidate of Historical Sciences, associate professor Stavropol State Pedagogical Institute, Stavropol, Russia
V.S. PIKALOVA Candidate of Historical Sciences, associate professor, Stavropol State Pedagogical Institute, Stavropol, Russia
O.S. MAKAROVA Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, associate professor Stavropol State Pedagogical Institute, Stavropol, Russia
A.S. GONCHAROV Bachelor, Stavropol State Pedagogical Institute, Stavropol, Russia
REFLECTION OF RELEVANT FOLKLORE OF VALACHIA, MOLDOVA AND TRANSILVANIA IN THE IDEO-IMAGE LEVEL OF THE «VAMPIRE: THE MASQUERADE – BLOODLINES» VIDEO GAME
This article is devoted to the analysis of mythologemes and eternal images of mystical creatures – strigoi in the current folklore of the peoples of Wallachia, Moldavia and Transylvania. The relevance of the research topic lies in the need for a private study of Romanian mythology in aspects of demonology and myths about mystical creatures. Of particular interest are the little-studied characters of Romanian myths reflected in modern media discourse. On the example of the video game «Vampire: The Masquerade – Bloodlines», one can gather a number of information to establish the continuity of the cultural traditions of myths and fairy tales in the products of media culture. The practical significance of the study is due to the possibility of using the materials of the work for further study of Romanian myths and folklore. In the methodological aspect, the results of the research can be used as actualization in the lessons on «World Art Culture» at school, as well as in the classroom on cultural disciplines at a higher educational institution. The scientific novelty of the research is expressed in a comprehensive analysis of the mythological essence of the strigoi vampires in two sources – folklore, Romanian mythology and the lore of the video game «Vampire: The Masquerade – Bloodlines». A new look at the ideological and imaginative component of the mythical creature of the strigoi is reflected in the mythological tradition, actualized by the authors – developers of the video game. The purpose of the research is to analyze the inheritance of Romanian mythological traditions in describing strigoi using the example of folklore and the ideological level of the video game «Vampire: The Masquerade – Bloodlines». The result of the research was the study of all the key mythologemes and eternal images associated with popular beliefs, omens, folklore of the peoples of Wallachia, Moldova and Transylvania on the example of the stable connections of myths in the video game «Vampire: The Masquerade – Bloodlines».
Key words: mythology, folklore, tradition, creativity, clan, vampire, strigoi.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.79.10.017
O.K. PETROVICH-BELKIN PhD in History, associate professor at the Department of theory and history of international relations, RUDN University, Moscow, Russia
A.S. BUTOROV PhD in History, Senior Lecturer of the Department of Theory and History of International Relations, RUDN University, Moscow, Russia
O.M. BUTOROVA Senior Lecturer of the Department of Foreign Languages, RUDN University, Moscow, Russia
RUSSIAN-ARMENIAN COOPERATION IN ENSURING ENERGY SECURITY IN THE SOUTH CAUCASUS (1991-2021)
This article examines the dynamics of Russian-Armenian cooperation in the energy sphere in 1991-2021. The authors identify the main prerequisites for the formation of the energy dialogue between Russia and Armenia and analyze the degree of relevance of this direction of interaction for both parties. The legal framework for Russian-Armenian cooperation in the energy sector is also examined in detail. The article identifies four key areas for collaboration between Russia and Armenia in the energy sector. The authors conclude that the energy partnership between Russia and Armenia is an extremely important factor in ensuring the energy security of the entire South Caucasus, as well as one of the most important elements of economic integration in the Eurasian space.
Key words: Russia, Armenia, energy cooperation, energy security, energy diplomacy, energy trade.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.79.10.018
A.A. ENDRYUSHKO Junior Research Fellow of the Center for the Study Interethnic Relations, Institute of Sociology of the FCTAS RAS, Moscow, Russia
SITUATIONAL FACTORS OF CULTURAL INTEGRATION OF MIGRANTS IN RUSSIA (ON THE EXAMPLE OF CITIZENS OF AZERBAIJAN)
The article examines the situational factors of the integration of migrants in the cultural sphere. The study is based on semi-formalized interviews with migrants from Azerbaijan in Moscow and the Moscow region, as the region that receives the most numerous flows of labor migrants. Based on the research approaches of European scientists (R. Penninx, H. Entzinger), cultural integration is considered as one of the most important spheres, along with political, legal and socio-economic. It is shown that migrants from Azerbaijan, being «visible minorities» and «objects of unwanted presence», assess relations with Russians in a positive way, and also see themselves as a part of the host society, based on getting used to life in it. Plans to return to the country of origin are not very common for them, the desire to «settle» in Russia looks like a more acceptable strategy, especially among long-term migrants.
Key words: migration, integration of migrants, migrants from Azerbaijan, cultural integration, transnational connections of migrants.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.79.10.019
ABDUSSELAM TEPE Postgraduate student Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences of the Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, General Director of Sellona LLC, Moscow, Russia
TURKEY'S POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC RELATIONS WITH IRAQI KURDISTAN IN THE CONTEXT OF THE MIDDLE EAST FOREIGN POLICY STRATEGY OF THE REPUBLIC OF TURKEY
Over the past ten years, the Middle East has been occupying a special place in the foreign policy strategy of the Republic of Turkey. During the Arab revolutions, the Turkish leadership began to actively take an interest in the affairs of the region in order to create a Turkish sphere of influence there. Within the framework of Turkey's Middle East policy, Iraq and especially the Autonomous Region of Kurdistan occupy a special place. The particular importance of this region for Turkey is due to several factors. First, the necessity to ensure the security of the Turkish borders. Second, it helps to influence the political situation in Iraq. Third, Iraqi Kurdistan, with its oil and gas resources, plays a significant role in the Turkish government's plans to turn Turkey into an energy hub of the Middle East and Eastern Europe. Fourth, this region is a lucrative market for Turkish companies.
Key words: Turkey, Iraqi Kurdistan, Iraq, USA, foreign policy.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.79.10.020
WANG BO Graduate student, Belarusian State University, Minsk, Republic of Belarus
REASONS FOR THE ONE BELT, ONE ROAD INITIATIVE
Since ancient times in China there was the so-called Silk Road, the idea of its revival was expressed by the head of China in 2013. At the first stage, the idea was based on the creation of transport corridors between China and the western part of Europe, which is the main consumer of Chinese products, later the proposal to form a sea route was put forward. It is worth noting that the reference to the historical silk road is not accidental, the currently used routes basically repeat the historical caravan routes. Skepticism about the Chinese initiative on the part of many countries, over time, has been replaced by the understanding that the program is able to change the balance of power in the political and political arena. In this article we will examine the reasons for the initiative under consideration.
Key words: China, Belt and Road, Russia, interaction.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.79.10.021
V.V. SEMENOV Postgraduate student of the Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
UNITY IN DIVERSITY: GODDESSES OF THE LINGNAN REGION, PART OF ANCIENT SOUTHEST ASIA
The article deals with the formation and development of polytheistic traditions in the Lingnan region – part of ancient Southeast Asia. The author explores the issues of cultural interaction between the Han ethnic group and the autochthonous population of Southern and Southeastern China. A detailed description of the religious beliefs of the ethnic groups living in this territory is given.
Key words: ancient Southeast Asia, Lingnan region, interregional beliefs, sub-regional beliefs, minor beliefs, ethnic minorities, religious worship, natural elements.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.79.10.022
ZHANG ZIXUAN Postgraduate student studying political regionalism and ethnopolitics at the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, China
MODELS OF ETHNO-SOCIAL INTEGRATION REGULATION IN SINGAPORE
As an independent modern island city-state in Southeast Asia, Singapore is at the intersection of ethnic, cultural and religious diversity. Ethnic diversity is the main characteristic of Singaporean society. Singapore's independence, the country's complex ethnic history and the dangerous geopolitical environment surrounding it have become a major challenge that Singapore has faced since its founding. However, after more than half a century of development, Singapore has evolved from an island country devoid of resources to a modern city-state with developed economy and coherent ethnic groups. The Singapore government utilizes multiculturalism to shape the national identities of several ethnic groups and a series of pragmatic strategies to break the segregation of the various ethnic groups formed in colonial times. How Singapore government manages ethnic differences, implements ethno-social integration, which becomes the subject of our analysis in this paper.
Key words: Singapore, Ethnic issues, Ethno-social integration models, State housing policy, Language policy.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.79.10.023
A.K. EGEMBERDYEV Postgraduate student of the Russian Academy national economy and public service under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC AND THE EXPERIENCE OF AN INFORMATION POLICY IN MIGRATION
This article is devoted to experience of helping for citizens of Kyrgyz Republic in Russia during the COVID-19 pandemic in 2020. A structure of communication, which used by embassy of Kyrgyzstan, public organizations and migrants, is considered. The task of high importance was fulfilled, and this experience is valuable and useful for development of the state information policy in migration.
Key words: migration, Kyrgyzstan, information, communication, pandemic.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.79.10.024
A.V. KHROMOVA Postgraduate student of the Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
INFORMATION SPACE AS A GEOPOLITICAL CATEGORY OF THE GLOBAL WORLD`S ERA
The 21st century is fairly called the «century of information technologies», which came with advanced communications equipment and transcontinental communications. One of the consequences of technological progress is the influence of the territorial factor, which was one of the key factors at the dawn of the formation of the geopolitics. In the fact, the territorial factor is beginning to weaken. At the same time, economic, cultural and informational factors that form the corresponding spaces are increasingly involved in geopolitical processes.
Thus, the relevance of this study is determined by the fact that the information factor acts as an important determinant of the dynamics of geopolitical processes.
Key words: information space, information space structure, geopolitics, territory, information factor, global world.
STUDENT SCIENCE
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.79.10.025
A.M. SITDIKOV Master's student of the Department of History of Russia Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
PROBLEMS OF THE ORGANIZATION OF HIGHER NON-MILITARY TRAINING IN CIVILIAN EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS OF THE USSR IN 1930-1938
The article is devoted to the organization of non-military training of students in civilian educational institutions in the 1930s in the USSR and based on a wide database of sources, including archival ones from the funds of the Russian State Military Archive (RGVA). The author sets the task to analyze the nature of the real and potential costs of the structural and functional mechanism of the training process, contradictions not only in its socio-pedagogical essence, but also in the socio-ideological and political component. Based on the materials of the inspectors' reports, the most typical shortcomings in the organization of non-military training were identified. At the same time, the reasons for their occurrence are being clarified in the work. The article concludes that there were serious shortcomings in the training of reservists of the Red Army, which were still not fatal.
And whatever the costs of the process under consideration, they turned out to be the least evil and serious provision of reserves and strengthening the power of the country, its armed forces in those specific historical conditions when organizing compulsory military service and creating a new type of regular army in the USSR.
Key words: military training, Stalinism, the Great Patriotic War, the pre-war period, the Red Army.
CONFERENCES
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.79.10.026
ZH.S. SYZDYKOVA Doctor of History, Professor, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Institute of Asian and African Studies, head Department of Central Asia and the Caucasus Moscow, Russia
FESTIVAL OF SCIENCE IN THE INSTITUTE OF ASIA AND AFRICA MSU