Scientific Journal “Issues of National and Federative Relations”. Issue 2 (37), 2017.

CONTENTS

DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN HISTORY

NATIONAL RELATIONS AND ETHNOPOLITICS

POLITICAL PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES

INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN EXPERIENCE

REVIEWS OF MONOGRAPHS

Medvedev N.P. Review of D.E. Slizovsky’s monograph “Political leadership of Rus – Russia: Origins and Contradictions of Grand Strategy”. – M.: Publishing house of the journal "Issues of politology", 2017. – P. 220.

TOPICAL REVIEWS OF ARTICLES PUBLISHED IN THIS JOURNAL

Perkova D.V. Review of the article by Professor E.S. Kursanova, Doctor of Sciences (political sciences) "Multiculturalism and secularism as fundamental principles of modern liberal societies".

Our authors № 2-2017

DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN HISTORY

A.A. KADYMOV lecturer in special training of Ufa juridical Institute of MIA of Russia, Ufa, Russia

THE HISTORY OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF VOLUNTARY SPORTS CLUBS BASSR IN 1950-1960 (CENTRAL STATE ARCHIVE OF THE BASHKIR ASSR)

The article discusses the history of the development of voluntary sports clubs on the territory of the Bashkir ASSR in 1950-60. Presents the Central state archive of the Bashkir ASSR in cities and districts of the Republic. In the post-war Bashkortostan intensive work of government bodies and voluntary sports societies, various seminars, where lectures, sports and Komsomol assets, the training of trainers, training of znachkistov. In BASSR in 1950-60 he won prizes such sports society as "oil worker", "Farmer", "Dynamo", "spark", "Medic", "Petrel", "Red star", "Labor reserves," "Spartacus," according to the materials of the October revolution, BASSR. In 1954, by decision of the government of the Main Department for physical culture and sport, which was part of the Ministry of health of the Bashkir ASSR, it was decided to restore the sports Committee.

Key words: voluntary sports associations, physical culture, Union, team.

HUANG TINGTING postgraduate student of the Department of history and archaeology, Far Eastern Federal University, lecturer at Heihe University of China, Vladivostok, Russia

HISTORY OF TEACHING RUSSIAN LANGUAGE IN UNIVERSITIES OF HEILONGJIANG PROVINCE IN 1949-1959

This article presents the history of teaching Russian language in the universities of Heilongjiang province. The author considers the positive experience as well as difficulties in the organization of Russian language teaching during the period from 1949 to 1959. Due to its special status and location of Heilongjiang province, the Russian language teaching in these years experienced a "Golden period". The history of teaching Russian language at universities in Heilongjiang province is shown against the background of difficult international situation and difficult internal situation in China.

Key words: Russian language, language policy, the teaching of Russian in universities, Soviet specialists, Heilongjiang province, teacher of Russian language.

L.S. ZEYTUNYAN Post-graduate student of the Department of General History of the Adyghe State University Deputy Director for Scientific and Methodological Work of the Municipal Autonomous General Educational Establishment of the Beloyarsky District "Secondary General School of Sorum settlement", Sorum, Russia

TURKISH DEFENDERS OF THE ARMENIAN PEOPLE IN THE OTTOMAN EMPIRE IN THE LATE XIX – EARLY XX CENTURIES

The article is devoted to the description of intercession among the Turkish population for Armenian neighbors during the period of mass persecutions. The documents unequivocally testify that not all Turks participated in violent actions against the Armenian population. Some of them not only refused to comply with the orders of the higher authorities, but also saved the Armenians. It is supposed to dispel the myth about the supposedly categorically hostile attitude of the entire Turkish population against the Armenians in this period of time.

Key words: vali, kaymakam, Armenian population, Kurds, anti-Armenian policy, Abdul-Hamid II, Young Turk regime.

D.V. ZHIGULSKAYA PhD in history, Department of Central Asia and the Caucasus, Institute of Asian and African Studies, Moscow State University (IAAS MSU), Moscow, Russia

TURKEY IN THE LAST TWO DECADES OF THE 20TH CENTURY: ISLAMIC RESURGENCE IN POLITICS AND ITS IMPLICATIONS FOR DEMOCRACY

This paper focuses on Turkish politics of the 1980-2000’s period and, in particular, discusses the concept of Turkish-Islamic Synthesis and the process of revitalization of political Islam and its implications for democracy in Turkey. Phenomenon of the Turkish-Islamic Synthesis should be perceived as one of the manifestations of cultural bifurcation of Turkish society, caused by socioeconomic change, with mass migration from rural areas and intensive urbanization, industrialization and development of a service industry, which deepened social differentiation and fragmentation in Turkey. The growing role of Islam in Turkish politics in the last two decades of the 20th century is discussed in this paper in terms of the prerequisites that paved the way for the formation of today’s ruling Justice and Development Party. In particular, the paper describes the Welfare Party (Refah Partisi) of Necmettin Erbakan, the dissolution of which eventually led to the rethinking within the Islamic movement about its future political strategy and further split to the «traditionalists» and «reformists».

Key words: Turkey, political Islam, democracy, Turkish-Islamic Synthesis, the Welfare Party of Turkey, the Justice and Development Party of Turkey.

NATIONAL RELATIONS AND ETHNOPOLITICS

E.S. KARSANOVA Doctor of Political Science Professor at the Department of Government and Public Administration Odintsovo branch of MGIMO University, Odintsovo (Moscow region), Russia

MULTICULTURALISM AND SECULARIZATION AS THE BASIC PRINCIPLES OF CONTEMPORARY LIBERAL SOCIETIES

Author examines different views on prospects of multiculturalism in the Western societies, their opportunity to build inclusive states, to maintain cultural diversity and peaceful coexistence of different cultural and historic communities. Scrutinizing such concepts as “multiculturalism” and “secular humanism” author special attention puts on secularization, which in growing extend determines political trends of contemporary states and becomes more and more concrete problem of relation between multiculturalism and liberalism.

Key words: secular humanism, multiculturalism, post-secular age, a state, Western Europe, cultural diversity, liberalism.

R.M. EMIROV PhD (political sciences), Moscow, Russia

TO THE QUESTION OF THE CAUCASUS AS A SINGLE GEOPOLITICAL SPACE IN ITS RELATIONSHIP WITH THE GREATER MIDDLE EAST

The paper attempts to identify and analyze some systemic and structural characteristics of the Caucasus as a single geopolitical space in its relationship with the region of the Greater Middle East. The main attention is focused on the aspects that make it possible to link Russia's North Caucasus with the South Caucasus states, and through them with the states of the Middle East. It is shown that the main links uniting these three regions into a single geopolitical space are the ethno-national and confessional geopolitical subspaces that cross national borders and, therefore, do not coincide with national territories.

Key words: Geopolitics, politics, state, geopolitical space, territory, the Caucasus, the Greater Middle East, region, nation, ethnic group, and others.

A.A. SULEIMEN post-graduate student, working for a PhD degree at the Chair of national and federative relations of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and State Service, Astana, Kazakhstan

ETHNOSOCIAL STRUCTURE OF KAZAKHSTAN IN THE SOVIET UNION

This article describes the changes in ethno-social structure of the Kazakh society in the Soviet period of development. The purpose of the article is to identify internal and external determinants that have a determining influence on the formation of ethnosocial structure of Kazakhstan in the Soviet Union. Marked some mental features of the Kazakh ethnic group, contributed to the revival of the identity of the Kazakh people on the sovereign stage of development.

Key words: ethno-social structure of the Kazakh SSR, Soviet Union, national policy, net migration, non-titular population, ethnic and cultural pressure, the Kazakh ethnos, socio-cultural nomadic way of life.

A.M. MIKELADZE Graduate student at the National and Federative Relations Department of The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russia

INTERCULTURAL DIALOG AS A FACTOR OF FORMATION OF THE TOLERANCE AND TRUST IN THE SYSTEM OF ETHNOPOLITICAL RELATIONS (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE GEORGIAN CULTURE IN RUSSIA)

This article is devoted to the role of the intercultural dialogue in the convergence of two nations and forming of strong interpersonal relations. Author analyzes influence of the centuries-old intercultural contacts between Russian and Georgian people on their relations despite of complicated political situation between these countries on the certain period of time.

Key words: interethnic relations, culture, cultural heritage, intercultural dialogue, art, trust, tolerance, interpersonal relations, tourism.

POLITICAL PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES

А.Kh. ABDULAEV post-graduate student at the Chair of national and federative relations of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and State Service, Head of the Education Department of the Khasavyurt district of Dagestan, senior expert of the Moscow anti-corruption Committee at the Moscow Chamber of Trade and Industry, Makhachkala, Republic of Dagestan, Russia

IMPACT OF CORRUPTION ON THE STATE AND MUNICIPAL AUTHORITIES

The article considers political corruption as a type of corruption and its impact on state and municipal authorities. The article describes basic approaches to the understanding of the current political corruption in the political science literature and examines the history of such notion. The author analyzes foreign experience in combating political corruption and suggests possible directions of its application in the Russian political and legal systems.

Key words: corruption, political corruption, corruption of state power, corruption of municipal authorities, foreign experience of combating corruption.

E.A. DANILOVA PhD in political science, the senior research associate, the leading expert of the Center of science, technologies and education development in the field of defense and safety of the state at TGU, National research Tomsk state university, Tomsk, Russia

PROBLEM OF SOCIAL MEDIA USE IN THE INTERNATIONAL BRANDING OF ARMED FORCES

Social media as a new instrument of public diplomacy in the global information world can be used for the purpose of strategy implementation of political branding. Article is devoted to the analysis of a problem of social media application concerning branding of armed forces taking into account traditional closeness of army and the defense industry in general. The purpose of article is carrying out the state-of-the-art review of foreign approaches to a possibility of social media use by foreign armies and perspective of their application within the strategy of the national defense industry branding. Risks and restrictions of the specified technologies are investigated: placement of the "accidental" images contradicting information policy of national army, use of documentation of war by non-governmental organizations to dispute actions of the government from the point of view of military interventions, the inadvertent message of a geolocation to the opponent through social media, threat of a military operation and safety of soldiers. In relation to the Russian national practice new technologies are accepted to use by certain statesmen, however, the perspective of mass use of social media looks risky and doubtful. Modern information technologies demand careful adaptation to national mentality. Attentive filtering of information occasions, including with involvement of experts of the defense industry is required, and the state control over distribution of messages in the field of defense and safety is necessary.

Key words: social media, public diplomacy, branding, armed forces, army, national safety.

V.О. SARUKHANYAN Candidate of Sciences (law), assistant professor at the Chair of political analysis and management of the Russian Peoples' Friendship University, Moscow, Russia

Т.А. GUSARSKAYA senior lecturer at the Chair of political analysis and management of the Russian Peoples' Friendship University, Moscow, Russia

CORRUPTION AND MONEY LAUNDERING: CONTEMPORARY CHALLENGES FOR THE MODERN STATE. PART II

The article examines issues related to the corruption and money laundering. In particular, the article presents the special attention of international community to such types of offences; reveals potential threats they represent to the national security and state system as a result of symbiosis between corruption and money laundering. The article describes the common characteristics of international conventions and international structures, the interaction of which is targeted to combat such crimes. Based on the examined materials recommendations are developed to form an effective system against corruption and money laundering.

Key words: corruption, the fight against money laundering, money laundering, anti-corruption, national security, international cooperation, FATF, international conventions.

R.A. GRITSENKO Student of the third year of training "Political Science" Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia

D.D. PROKOPCHUK Student of the third year of training "Political Science" Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia

M.S.TANTSURA candidate of political science, associate professor of department «Political Science» Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia

USING "BIG DATA" IN APPLIED POLITICAL ANALYSIS

Today, it is hard to imagine our life without the Internet. When the question calls for an answer, people usually seek help in search enginges, talk in social networks and find out news from them, watch YouTube videos, shop in online stores or access various websites. Information about all the activities in the Internet is saved as "Big Data". In this research, author addresses the definition of "Big Data", its main characteristics, in which spheres and how the analysis of "Big Data" is used. It also explains the modus operandi of "Big Data" and two methods of the usage of "Big Data" in applied political analysis. To measure the level of support of different political forces, to predict possible political events with high accuracy, to segment the target groups more precisely – all this is possible if you use "Big Data" in political analysis.

Key words: Large data, political analysis, political forecasting.

INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN EXPERIENCE

M. KURMANALI KYZY PhD Historical sciences, Vice rector of Mahmud Kashgari-Barskani Eastern University, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic

GOVERNMENT POLICY OF THE KYRGYZ REPUBLIC IN THE EDUCATION MANAGEMENT

In this article the author considers one of the relevant issues of contemporary period of our society, which is the state policy in the field of education management and its influence on the situation and development of higher education in the country. It reflects the issues in the system and through analysis it provides the ways out of the current situation.

Key words: Kyrgyzstan, state policy, higher education, reforms, staff preparation, faculty members, students.

F.P. URAZAYEVA Candidate of historical sciences, Senior lecturer, Department of International Relations and World Economy, Faculty of International Relations, Al-Farabi Kazakh National university, Almaty, Kazakhstan

SUSTAINABILITY OF THE JAPANESE ECONOMY AND SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL INNOVATION COOPERATION WITH THE COUNTRIES OF CENTRAL ASIA

Central Asia is part of the competition in which foreign policy players compete for access to the resources of the countries of the region and foreign policy influence. The competition for control over the resources of the region often finds expression in bilateral and multilateral economic and military agreements concluded with the states of Central Asia. No exception is Japan, which first of all regards the Central Asian countries as a source of raw materials, as well as a strategic region that gives the opportunity to strengthen its influence deep into the continent. Japanese diplomacy uses the policy of "soft power" in the region, which in this case consists in the refusal to use military force in resolving international disputes, as well as appealing primarily to cultural and economic methods of developing cooperation.

Key words: scientific cooperation, economy, Japan, Central Asia, region, development.

SH.DJ. SODIKOV Ph.D., research fellow at the IMI Analytical Center of the Moscow State Institute of International Relations (MGIMO), the deputy chairman of the Moscow City Bar Association "Law and Justice", Moscow, Russia

WATER AS A SOURCE OF ENERGY SECURITY (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE REPUBLIC OF TAJIKISTAN)

Energy is central to Tajikistan. This main element and core of the country's industry and agriculture is an integral part of the life-support system of the whole society. The article considers the water resources of Tajikistan as a source of national energy security, as well as a detailed description of the country's hydropower resources, its potential and complexities.

Key words: Hydropower, Tajikistan, Energy Security, Economy.

HONG SERUN postgraduate student of the Department of history of international relations and foreign policy of Russia, MGIMO-University of the Ministry of Foreign Relations, Moscow, Russia

RUSSIA'S COOPERATION WITH WESTERN PARTNERS IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF ARCTIC PROJECTS IN POST SANCTIONS PERIOD

The article examines the impact of Western sanctions on Russian energy companies and fuel and energy complex, including in the short, medium and long term. The author notes that the sanctions have affected financial, technological and corporate spheres of activity. The energy sector has been most seriously affected by financial sanctions because typically it operates by attracting foreign investments. A higher price of borrowing in the global financial market has led to a rise in the costs of oil and gas companies. The negative effects of the sanctions in the area of technology were particularly evident in the Arctic projects which require technology and equipment capable of operating in Arctic conditions. Meanwhile, such technologies are available only from the United States, Canada and Norway. However, Russia's cooperation with Western countries continues, particularly in the field of industrial safety standards in the Arctic. Sanctions in the corporate sphere have led to the reduction of reputational capital and higher counterparty risk for the Russian oil and gas companies. In conclusion, the article gives an assessment of the results of sanctions.

Key words: the energy resources of the Arctic, the Northern Sea route, China, South Korea, Japan.

MEHMET URPER postgraduate student, St. Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia

BRITISH POLICY IN THE MIDDLE EAST: FROM THE CONCEPT OF WORLD COMMUNITY TO THE CONCEPT OF NETWORK COOPERATION

The article discusses two main doctrines of British foreign policy, namely, the global community and networking doctrines. Using examples and materials from reputable sources, the author demonstrates a failure of both approaches applied to real political issues and explains why in reality British foreign policy is based not on the declared liberal approach but on the hidden realistic approach.

Key words: the concept of the global community, the concept of networking, Middle East, UK, foreign policy.