Scientific Journal “Issues of National and Federative Relations”. Issue 2 (41), 2018.

CONTENTS

NATIONAL HISTORY

FOREIGN HISTORY

POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES

POLITICAL PROBLEMS OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

Our authors № 2-2018

NATIONAL HISTORY

A.A. BORISYUK Postgraduate student, St. Tikhon's Orthodox University, Department Of History Of Russia, Moscow, Russia

REACTION OF MOSCOW EPARCHIAL LEADERSHIP TO PERSECUTION IN 1918-1919

The article analyzes the actions of the Church authorities in Moscow, taken in response to persecution. On the basis of archival data, the activity of the Moscow Diocesan Council and the administrator of the Moscow Diocese Archbishop Ioasaph (Kallistov), as well as the already published Patriarchal proclamations setting out the main vectors of the activities of diocesan bodies in the new political conditions, are analyzed. The author shows that one of the responses to the aggression against the Church was a call from the Church to unity of believers, and a call to stand up for the protection of shrines, using peaceful protests. In addition, the Moscow diocesan authorities call on believers to repent to all. The author shows that both the Patriarch and the Moscow diocesan leadership evaluate the sins of the people as the cause of the disasters. In the course of the work the author comes to the conclusion that the appeal of believers to unity was successful and the Church acquires popular support, with which it enters into relations with the Soviet government.

Key words: Patriarch Tikhon, persecution, government and the Church, the Church's resistance, the History of Moscow, the Moscow Diocesan Council.

M.S. KRYLOVA Master of history, lecturer-researcher, Department of history of state and municipal administration, Moscow state Lomonosov University, Moscow, Russia

CULTURAL HERITAGE PROTECTION ISSUES IN THE SOCIO-POLITICAL DEBATES DURING THE ELECTION OF THE MAYOR OF MOSCOW IN THE 1990S. (ON THE EXAMPLE OF RESTORATION OF THE CATHEDRAL OF CHRIST THE SAVIOUR)

Using the Moscow's mayor pre-election campaign materials the theme of The Cathedral of Christ the Savior's restoration in Moscow in 1990s is соnsidered. The author considers main issues of this sphere such ambitious ideological significance of monument`s reconstruction, inconsistent activities of Luzhkov, conflicts between urban development and the formation of protection`s zones. In spite of participation in election the representatives of different political forces, the cultural heritage protection were addressed in a similar way in their political programs.

Key words: the object of cultural heritage, cultural heritage, protection of monuments, heritage preservation, cultural policy, cultural history, The Cathedral of Christ the Savior's, pre-election campaign materials.

N.V. SELYUNINA Doctor of Sciences (History), Docent, Professor of History Department in Taganrog Institute named after A. Chekhov (RSUE branch), Taganrog, Russia

MASS MEDIA AND MASS HISTORICAL CONSCIOUSNESS OF SOVIET PEOPLE DURING THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR

The article dwells on the analysis of the activity of information bureau that played a crucial role in the changes of Soviet people’s mass consciousness. The extreme conditions contributed to the advent of many relevant theoretical ideas. Moral and psychological situation on the home front was ambiguous. Alongside with the burst of patriotism that seized most of the citizens, there was panic, desertion, breaches of discipline. There was a need in powerful tools for agitation and propaganda.

Key words: mass consciousness, ideological struggle, departmental press, frontline reports, regional newspapers, industry media, the press, centralized system.

FOREIGN HISTORY

N.А. AGAPOVA Graduate student of the City State University of the Moscow State Pedagogical University, Moscow, Russia

PUSHTUNSK NATIONALISM AND ISLAMIC RADICALISM IN AFGHAN-PAKISTAN RELATIONS (50th - 90th of XX century). HISTORIOGRAPHIC ASPECT

The article reviews historiographic domestic and foreign sources devoted to the study of two interconnected aspects and at the same time of the most acute problems in the relations between Afghanistan and Pakistan: Pashtun nationalism and Islamic radicalism. The prehistory of the appearance of the Durand line as a factor of the "originating" emergence of the "Pashtun question", as well as participation in the aggravation of this problem of the government of Pakistan, is considered.

Key words: Pashtuns, nationalism, Pakistan, Afghanistan, the Taliban, radicalism.

A.A. ARKHANGELSKAYA PhD, Research Fellow, Institute for African Studies, Russian academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

MAIN EVENTS AND MECHANISMS FOR THE IMPLEMENTATION OF SOUTH AFRICA'S FOREIGN POLICY IN 1948-66

This article examines the main events and mechanisms for the implementation of South Africa's foreign policy in 1948-66 in relation with the socio-political, economic, ethnic aspects of development in South Africa. The impact of the diplomatic network of South Africa, as well as relations with other African states is analyzed in much details. The author points out the factors that most defiantly reflect the problems and tendencies of the development of foreign policy in the specified period, including and making a special emphasis on the international contacts of the ANC and other opposition movements.

Key words: South Africa, history, history of foreign policy of South Africa, international relations, foreign policy, Africa.

T.YU. КOCHEPASOVA candidate of historical Sciences, associate Professor of the Department of legal regulation of economic activity of the Financial University under the government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

THE ECONOMIC MODEL OF THE STATE INDEPENDENCE OF THE BALTIC STATES IN 1918-1920-s.

The beginning of the period of modern history for the Baltic States was marked by the creation of their own States. The formalization of the legal system of States and the stability of political power depended directly on the strategy and strength of economic relations. In this regard, the proposed article is an attempt to consider the validity and effectiveness of economic models of national sovereignty in the Baltic States in the 1918-1920-ies. The study is based on archival documents of the Polish-Baltic lendersecretariat, the information Department of the Executive Committee of the Comintern of the 1920s, as well as published materials on the basis of which the conclusion is made about the preference of the real economic transformation of the model of economic populism and national pathos.

Key words: recent history, Baltic States, Latvia, Lithuania, Estonia, state independence, economic development, transit trade, industrial exports, agrarian reform.

M.V. RUPICH Post-graduate student, Pacific State University, Khabarovsk, Russia

ACTIVITIES OF JAPANESE AND CHINESE INTELLIGENCE SERVICES IN THE FAR EAST OF THE USSR IN THE 1920-s.

The article poses the task of demonstrating the need for the establishment and improvement of military counterintelligence bodies in the Soviet Far East. On the basis of scientific and archival materials, the activities of the Japanese and Chinese intelligence services, aimed at gathering information about the Red Army in the Far Eastern region, are considered. The features of the intelligence activity of foreign special services in the 1920s were studied. The need of the intelligence services of China and Japan was revealed and justified in the information on the Red Army of the Far East.

Key words: 5 Army, military mission, Special departments.

POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES

P.P. EGOROV postgraduate, department of philosophy, history of state and law Far-Eastern Institute of management – the branch of Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation, Khabarovsk, Russia

THE ROLE OF INTERNATIONAL FORUMS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF MULTILATERAL COOPERATION FAR EASTERN SUBJECTS OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

The article reflects the historical evolution of international economic forums, beginning in the early 2000s in the Far Eastern regions of the Russian Federation. Such sites create great prospects and occasions for attracting the attention of serious business to the Far East. Prospective directions in various fields in international platforms are investigated; concluded that the dialogues that take place within the framework of such activities help to better understand the problems and achievements of the region, to attract business for the implementation of necessary projects and ideas.

Key words: Far Eastern subjects of the Russian Federation, Khabarovsk Territory, Primorsky Territory, North-Eastern Asia, Far Eastern international economic congress, Far Eastern international economic forum, Eastern economic forum, EEF, NEA, Asian-Pacific area.

G.V. NIKULSHIN Post-graduate student of the Department of General History of Mari State University, Yoshkar-Ola, Russia

NON-MILITARY METHODS OF "EXPORT OF DEMOCRACY" OF THE US

In modern geopolitics, there are many different methods of external influence on the policies of other states. The United States of America, pursuing a policy of "export of democracy", uses themoften. In addition to military methods, which were well-known in past centuries, nowadays non-military methods have become popular. This article describes the various non-military methods used for "export of democracy" of the US, which were used by American diplomacy, especially in post-bipolar period - the basic principles and effectiveness of these methods are examined.

Key words: US foreign policy, export of democracy, public diplomacy, soft power, controlled chaos, velvet and color revolutions.

I.V. OSTROVSKAYA working for the Candidate’s degree at the Kuban State University, researcher at the FGBUK Museum of Heroic defense and liberation of Sevastopol, Sevastopol, Russia

ACTIVITIES OF ORTHODOX PUBLIC ASSOCIATIONS IN THE CRIMEA AND SEVASTOPOL (1991-2014)

The article characterizes the confessional component of the Crimean regional community from the middle of the 1990s until the early 2000s. The author considers activity of the Orthodox public organizations in the Crimea and Sevastopol in historical retrospective, during the previous two decades. The article specifies their peculiarities and characteristic directions of activity. It determines the contribution of these associations to the preservation and strengthening of the Russian cultural environment in the region under the conditions of political transformation in Ukraine at the turn of XX – XXI centuries. The source base of the study includes documents of normative and legal nature, internal archives of public associations, statistical materials and media archives. The study of activity of the above organizations leads us to the conclusion about the important role of these organizations in upholding spiritual and moral values of the regional community, preservation of the Russian cultural environment and in the formation of a conscious Christian worldview. Attention to this problem contributes to the understanding of the specifics of the political processes unfolding in Crimea and Sevastopol at the turn of XX-XXI centuries.

Key words: public associations, Cossacks, social consolidation, Orthodox people, Russian cultural environment of Crimea and Sevastopol.

POLITICAL PROBLEMS OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS

V.F. PRYAKHIN Doctor of political sciences, Professor, Department of foreign regional studies and foreign policy, Russian State Humanitarian University, Moscow, Russia

PALESTINIAN STATEHOOD: YES OR NO

The article deals with the features of the state as such, as well as the presence of the signs of statehood in the political formation of the Arab people of Palestine, known as the State of Palestine.

Key words: Palestinian statehood, state, State of Palestine.

N.P. MEDVEDEV PhD in Policy, Professor at the Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (PFUR), Moscow, Russia

D.E. SLIZOVSKIY PhD in History, Professor at the Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (PFUR), Moscow, Russia

N.V. SHULENINA PhD Associate Professor at the Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (PFUR), Moscow, Russia

I.S. AMIANTOVA Ph.D. (political sciences), lecturer at the Faculty of Humanitarian and Social Sciences of the Peoples ′ Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia

FEMINISM AND THE WORLD'S CENTRES FOR THE SUPPORT OF WOMEN'S MOVEMENTS IN DEVELOPING COUNTRIES

The study is based on the analysis of a set of materials describing a new project to support women's entrepreneurship in developing countries. The hypothesis about the fundamental non-abstractness of the contradictions existing in this sphere, about the conflict-crisis nature of the evolution of feminism and the policy pursued in this sphere is put forward and substantiated.

Key words: feminism, Donald trump's policy on feminism, gender, empowerment of women entrepreneurs, world Bank.

V.V. PYZH doctor of political Sciences, Professor of the Department socio-humanitarian disciplines NSU them. P.F. Lesgaft, expert of the defence and security Commission of the inter-parliamentary Assembly of the CIS member States, St. Petersburg, Russia

S.V. KOROSTELEV Candidate of sciences (law), Associate Professor, Deputy Head of expert-analytical department of the Secretariat of the Inter-parliamentary Assembly of Member Nations of CIS Council, St. Petersburg, Russia

ACCOUNTING OF GEOPOLITICAL FACTORS IN THE PROCESS OF SELECTING METHODS OF MARITIME DELIMITATION IN THE ARCTIC

The article examines the possibility of regulating the international legal status of the Arctic through the prism of interpretation by the International Court of Justice of the provisions of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea of 1982. With the opening of new opportunities for access to Arctic spaces, the geopolitical situation in this region has also changed. The situation attracts increased attention of several “non-Arctic” states, as well as the largest national and transnational corporations. In these circumstances, Russia is forced to adjust its policy in the Arctic, the situation in which directly affects its long-term interests. Completion of the delimitation of maritime areas by Arctic states will reduce the influence of non-Arctic states in the region.

Key words: Arctic, the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea, geopolitics, the international legal status of the Arctic region, the principles of delimitation of maritime areas, the practice of the International Court of Justice.

G.T. SARDARYAN Dean of the School of Governance and Politics of the Moscow State Institute of International Relations, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia, Candidate of Political Science, Associate Professor, Department of Public Administration and Law, the Moscow State Institute of International Relations, Moscow, Russia

JUSTICE WITHOUT FREEDOM AND FREEDOM WITHOUT TRUTH. POLITICAL DOCTRINE OF JOHN PAUL II

The subject of the study is the doctrinal position of the Vatican on its preferences for various political regimes, forms of government and mechanisms for the exercise of power. The object of the study is the Catholic political doctrine during the pontificate of John Paul II, especially during the formation of the European Union. The author pays special attention to the equivalent level of Pope’s criticism of Marxism and liberalism, contrary to the established opinion about the historical "liberal turn" of the Vatican, especially during the Second Council. In the article different methods, such as dialectical, logical, comparative, systemic, and a number of others are used. The main conclusion of the author is that a wide range of problems that John Paul II drew attention to during his pontificate, today appears to the West in a bright light largely because of the desire of political groups and communities to forget the Christian civilization heritage of Europe.

Key words: Catholic political doctrine, Vatican, John Paul II, Pope, democracy, liberalism, communism, EU, encyclical, political ideology.

E.T. MEKHDIEV Ph.D., Researcher of the Center for Post-Soviet Studies of the Institute of international studies, Moscow State Institute of International Relations (MGIMO-University) of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

ENERGY EFFICIENCY IN AZERBAIJAN: THE CASE OF A RENEWABLE ENERGY

Improved energy efficiency is a key component of modern energy systems – can lead to abundant, cheap and clean energy. It can also be a key policy mechanism for reducing energy costs, promoting sustainable economic development for social growth and improving productivity. In general, this applies to households, industry and the transport sector. It can also be a key policy mechanism for reducing energy costs, promoting sustainable economic development for social growth and improving productivity. The article addresses a range of key issues such as assessing energy efficiency potential, progress and problems. It evaluates national legislation and policies regarding energy efficiency, mechanisms and programs in Azerbaijan with the main focus on renewable energy. The article provides a broader picture of the experience of Azerbaijan, as well as setting potential perspectives for future collaboration in the field of energy efficiency in order to reduce energy costs and emissions, as well as increase export capacities and build a green economy.

Key words: energy efficiency, export, foreign policy, economy, renewable energy sources, Azerbaijan.

JIA YUANPEI Graduate student, department of political science, east institute – school of regional and international research far east federal university, Vladivostok, Russia

SINO-RUSSIAN ENERGY COOPERATION

China and Russia have established a multi-tiered energy cooperation mechanism. The china-russia energy cooperation mechanism includes the mechanism of communication between the officials and the people, the legal mechanism of cooperation and the cooperation mechanism in multilateral occasions. Established between Russia and China's premier, vice premier, ministerial and other levels of multilayer communication made a great contribution to energy cooperation between China and Russia, the sino-russian energy cooperation committee as permanent special coordination between Russia and China energy cooperation committee deputy prime minister level is particularly important.

Key words: cooperative mechanism, Strategic level, energy cooperation, economic globalization.

SOMKAMNERD NAVAPAT post-graduate student at the Chair of historical sciences and archaeology, Urals Federal University named after first President of Russia B. N. Yeltsin, Yekaterinburg, Russia

FEATURES OF THAILAND'S REGIONAL POLICY IN THE REGIONAL PROCESSES OF SOUTH-EAST ASIA

The article is devoted to the study of the role of Thailand in the region of Southeast Asia in the modern age. Particular emphasis is placed on the situation in the South-East Asia region, the activities and role of Thailand in South-East Asia and the specific features of Thailand's regional policy and its development. It is established that Thailand is one of the main countries in the Southeast Asian region. Thailand supports the policy of ASEAN in the interests of regional stability, security and in order to protect national economic and political interests.

Key words: regional Thailand, Thailand's foreign policy, Southeast Asia, Southeast Asia, Thailand's role, integration, cooperation and ASEAN.