Scientific Journal “Issues of National and Federative Relations”. Issue 4 (39), 2017.
CONTENTS
DOMESTIC HISTORY
RUSSIAN HISTORY IN THE REGIONAL MEASUREMENT
FOREIGN HISTORY
REGIONALISTICS AND ETHNOPOLITICS
POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN EXPERIENCE
DOMESTIC HISTORY
N.V. SHCHEGLOV graduate student, Institute of Russian History of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Center of the history of religion and Сhurches, Moscow, Russia
INNER MISSION OF THE RUSSION CHURCH IN THE DECISIONS OF THE ALL-RUSSIAN CONGRESS OF THE CLERGY AND LAITY OF 1917
The purpose of this article is to identify the decisions of the All-Russian Congress of Clergy and Laity in 1917. Aimed to develop the missionary activity of the Russian Orthodox Church. To achieve this goal, the object is set: to make a reappraisal of all documents of the work of the Congress and determine their scientific potential in this area for the first time ever. The methodological framework of the research is based on the principles of historicism, objectivity and system. An analysis of the research problem showed that the All-Russian Congress of the Clergy and laity only worked out preliminary provisions of a new concept of missionary activity of the Russian Orthodox Church.
The publication introduces into the scientific circulation archival documents from the Department of Manuscripts of the Russian State Library.
Key words: Russian Orthodox Church, internal mission, congresses of clergy and laity, All-Russian congress, missionary congress.
A.V. LOBOV teacher of History Regional state budgetary professional educational institution "Ryazan College of electronics", Ryazan, Russia
HISTORICAL SOURCES AND HISTORIOGRAPHY OF COUNTERFEITING IN PRE-REVOLUTIONARY RUSSIA
In this article we present a review of the literature and scientific works concerning the counterfeiting issues of the banknotes and the financial instruments, it`s distribution and contractionsto this phenomenon in the Russian Empire in XIX-early XX century. There is a list of well-known and poorly studied historic sources. The sources of personal origin are presented by memoirs of officials, officers of the detective police, and other public figures, directly related to the prosecution of counterfeiters. Periodicals are presented in the form of the Russo-Japanese war chronicles (1904-1905) and records management’s documentation is provided.
It underlines and describes the characteristics of the pre-revolutionary, Soviet and modern historiography, the views and concepts of the authors in domestic and foreign (CIS) historical science concerning counterfeiting in the tsarist Russia. Scientific papers are also classified by research areas, including provincial counterfeiting in various parts of the Empire, foreign counterfeiting, the historical experience of the law enforcement bodies’contractions, the development of the criminal law, activities of the Expedition of Storing State Papers for the protection of paper money, counterfeiting in the context of the monetary circulation history and bonistics.
Key words: counterfeiting, bonistics, memoires, historiography, Russian Empire.
RUSSIAN HISTORY IN THE REGIONAL MEASUREMENT
A.Kh. MUKHAMETDINOVA Candidate of Historical Sciences, Head of the Department of Humanitarian Disciplines, Kazan National Research Technological University, Bugulma, Russia
S.V. NEDOBEZHKIN Senior Lecturer, Department of Humanitarian Disciplines, Kazan National Research Technological University, Bugulma, Russia
BUGULMA DISTRICT IN THE ERA OF SOCIAL RIOTS OF THE XVIII CENTURY
The article is devoted to the historical events of the XVIII century, in particular, to the problems of the development of the eastern peripheries of the Russian Empire. It examines the causes and main stages of the development of social conflicts and riots in the Bugulma district. The role and historical significance of Bugulma as an uyezd city in the events of the XVIII century are determined. An assessment of the personality and activity of Batyrshi as the leader of the national liberation movement in the region is given.
Key words: Bugulma district, Bashkir volosts, social riot, Christianization policy, Batyrshi appeal, Bashkir uprising, manifesto.
М.А. ZAITSEVA postgraduate student of the Moscow State Lomonosov University, Moscow, Russia
LEGAL REGULATION OF THE FARMER MOVEMENT IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 90S OF THE XX CENTURY BY THE ADMINISTRATION OF THE VOLOGDA REGION
The article is devoted to the analysis of legal methods of regulation applied by the administration of the Vologda region in relation to one of the economic processes of the 90s of the XX century – establishment and development of peasant (farm) holdings in the Vologda region. The article analyzes the historiography of the problem, identifies existing gaps and emphasize approaches used by the authors. This work reveals federal and regional policies in respect of peasant (farm) holdings, describes the importance of the legal method in regulating the economy of the region, the main source of the analysis was laws and regulations at the federal and regional levels.
Key words: Vologda region, peasant (farm) holdings, state regulation, legal regulation.
V.A. SUSHCHENKO Doctor of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor Southern Federal University, Department of Russian History Specialty, Rostov on Don, Russia
TWO SIDES OF ETHNIC ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN THE SOUTH OF RUSSIA. "DOOM HIGH ASPIRATION" OR "FIELD FOR HUNTING". XVIII-EARLY XX CENTURIES
The article shows the two sides of ethnic entrepreneurship in the south of Russia at the end of the 18th and the beginning of the 20th centuries, using the example of the most representative national diasporas of the Don Region. An attempt was made to note the positive and denote the negative features of ethnic entrepreneurship, showing their historical and national-everyday conditioning. It is noted that the evaluation of entrepreneurial activity depends on whether it is aimed only at achieving personal well-being, or, in spite of contradictory moments, is subordinated to the interests of the state and society.
Key words: ethnic entrepreneurship, business elite, diaspora, traditionalism, clannishness, mentality, entrepreneurial ethics, "capitalist spirit", innovations.
A.A. BESOLOVA candidate of historical Sciences, associate Professor, Department of theory and history of social work, faculty of sociology and social work, North-Ossetian state University name K.L. Khetagurov, Vladikavkaz, Russia
J.E. KESAEVA candidate of sociological Sciences, associate Professor of Department of psychological-pedagogical and medical social work faculty of sociology and social work, North-Ossetian state University name K.L. Khetagurov, Vladikavkaz, Russia
ORGANIZATION OF WORK TO PROTECT THE POPULATION IN VLADIKAVKAZ IN 1942
The article examines the little-known pages of history related to the events of 1942, when the Nazis rushed to the North Caucasus. At this critical moment in the city of Vladikavkaz was subjected to strong enemy attacks and powerful artillery fire. To fight the enemy it was created by a team of local defense, which also made a the heroic contribution to the victory over the enemy.
Key words: local anti-aircraft defense, land mine, aerial bomb, artillery fire, the enemy RAID, chemical protection gear, degasser, a team, a group of self-defense.
I.V. OSTROVSKAYA applicant, researcher FGBUK the Museum of heroic defense and liberation of Sevastopol, Sevastopol, Russia
RUSSIAN MOVEMENT OF THE CRIMEA AND SEVASTOPOL 1991-2014. IN THE RUSSIAN HISTORIOGRAPHY
The article presents a historiographical review of the scientific works of Russian, Crimean scientists, reflecting the causes and development of Russian movements in the Crimea and Sevastopol in 1991 and 2014. Provides an overview of the main directions and trends of scientific research perspective, keymusic interdisciplinary nature of knowledge. Focuses on the works of experts of the Crimean scientific school of scientists for the study of ethnopolitical aspects of self-organization of Russian in Crimea early. 1990s-2000s The conclusion is made about necessity of further integrated, comprehensive study of the history of ethno-political movements in the region, speaking actors of the political processes in the region at the turn XX-XXI centuries.
Key words: Russian movement of Crimea, Sevastopol, Russian world, historiography, public enterprises, self-organization of the Russian community.
P.P. STRUCHKOVA working for a Master's degree at the School of History, the Department of Ethnology of the Peoples of the North East of the North-Eastern Federal University, Yakutsk, Russia
V.S. АKIMOVA Candidate of Sciences (history), North-Eastern Federal University, Yakutsk, Russia
HISTORICISM OF THE YUKAGHIRS SONG
The article issued of field research materials of Yukaghir folklore materials, in particular song materials. Its shown that the peculiarity of song works in Yukaghir folklore is laconism, laconicity and at the same time emotionality. Since in these works the sphere of spiritual culture that does not correspond with the sacred mythological tradition was represented, it was possible to represent emotional experiences. Also, this feature of song folklore was revealed as a detailed descriptiveness of those events that prompted the author to compose and perform the song. Its shown the personal character of the songs.
Key words: folklore, song folklore, wedding ritual, Forest Yukagirs, oral non-native creativity.
V.A. ILINA Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor of History and Philosophy Department, KamGU Vitus Bering, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, Russia
N.V. KAMARDINA Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor of History and Philosophy Department, KamGU Vitus Bering, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, Russia
REGIONAL DIMENSION OF THE GREAT RUSSIAN REVOLUTION OF 1917: REVOLUTIONARY PROCESS IN KAMCHATKA (FROM 1917 TO 1922) IN THE DOCUMENTS FROM THE ARCHIVES
The article is dedicated to the problems of collection and classification of historical sources on the history of the Great Russian Revolution of 1917. The authors focused their attention on the possibilities of using a variety of sources stored in the archives of the Far East (Vladivostok, Khabarovsk, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky) to comprehend the events of 1917-1922 in Kamchatka. The research allows to present the general directions of work in the study of the Kamchatka Krai’s history before and during the years of the revolution, and also to determine the vector of further studies on the indicated problems.
Key words: The Great Russian Revolution of 1917, a historical source, the Far East, Kamchatka.
FOREIGN HISTORY
Е.B. LOPATINA Candidate of Sciences (history), The Institute of Slavic studies of the RAS, Moscow, Russia
THE ISSUE OF SILESIAN AUTONOMY IN POLAND IN THE SECOND PART OF XX- BEGINNING OF XXI CENTURY
The article is focused on the issues of Silesian autonomy in the Republic of Poland. The problem of autonomy for smaller nations in modern countries is highly topical today. The chronology of the article covers the time from the second part of XX century, when Silesia became a Polish region at the end of World War II, until nowadays. The author analyzes main stages of Silesian struggle for autonomy. Some other issues studied in the article are the following: the status of Silesian language, economy of the region, political parties in Silesia.
Key words: Upper and Lower Silesia, autonomy, ethnos, the European Union.
V.A. KUTERGIN post-graduate student of the Faculty of history of the Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
GENESIS OF POLITICAL TERRORISM IN IRELAND
The article deals with the development of the Irish political terrorism, which became an important milestone in the history of political radicalism of the Modern era. The author points out how in the depths of the ideology of radical Irish nationalists from the Fenian movement had formed those trends that then led some of the Fenians to use political terrorism as the method in achieving their aims. It is also important to mention that it was the Fenians whose struggle changed gradually the meaning of the word «terrorism». However the author stresses upon that not all the Fenians started to use political terrorism. Many famous leaders of the brotherhood condemned terroristic attacks.
Key words: terrorism, the Fenians, Michael Davitt, Ireland, political struggle.
REGIONALISTICS AND ETHNOPOLITICS
N.P. MEDVEDEV Doctor of Political Science, full professor, professor at The Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
LOBBYISM AS A MECHANISM FOR PROMOTING REGIONAL INTERESTS
The article reveals mechanisms of the formation and lobbying of regional interests in Russia. It refers to foreign experience of legislative regulation of the issues of lobbying and the risks of lobbyism becoming corruption.
Key words: lobbyism, regional interests, representation of interests, corruption.
M.Kh. EKZEKOV candidate of political sciences, doctoral student in the Department of The National and federal relations of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, President of the International Abaza-Abkhaz cultural and educational association "Alashara", Moscow, Russia
FORMATION OF THE CONCEPTS OF "NATIONAL MINORITY" AND "INDIGENOUS SMALL PEOPLE"
The article attempts to identify and analyze the main factors of the formation and institutionalization of the concepts of "national minority" and "indigenous small people" in international legal documents, foreign and domestic scientific literature. Considerable attention is paid to revealing the nature of the interconnection of these phenomena, their definition and interpretation. The analysis of the main milestones and factors of acceptance of these concepts in the legislation of the Russian Federation is given.
Key words: Russia, the North Caucasus, the International Law, documents, the national minority, the indigenous minority, definition, ethnos, culture, language.
P.S. GELERANSKIY PhD, Russia, Moscow
PARTICIPATION OF REPRESENTATIVE BODIES OF A MUNICIPAL FORMATION IN THE PROCEDURE OF TERMINATION OF POWERS OF EXECUTIVE BODIES OF LSG
In the article, the authors analyze peculiarities of interaction between representative and executive local self-government bodies in the event of termination of their powers. The authors analyze reasons for the termination of powers in different cases and the initiative of such termination, as well as various scenarios when such termination is initiated by a specific authority. The article contains several suggestions as to more efficient possibilities of carrying out the termination of the powers of local authorities when necessary.
Key words: local self-government, interaction, legislative (representative) bodies, executive bodies, formation of the authorities, powers of authorities, termination of the powers of government bodies.
M.B. YANGULBAEV postgraduate student at the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and State Service, Moscow, Russia
PLACE OF INTERACTION BETWEEN BUSINESS AND AUTHORITIES IN THE FEDERAL AND INTER-ETHNIC RELATIONS
This article is dedicated to federative and interethnic relations. Author of the article views level and significance of country’s economic impact as a major factor, which has direct influence on stability and development of federative and interethnic relations.
After having analyzed causes of interethnic and interreligious conflicts – was determined their link with population welfare.
The main aim of research is business and government interactions – a centrifugal force, which not only decreases negative consequences of economic stratification and country’s unequal interregional development, but also builds a strict program for nationwide development based on sustainable and continuous economic growth.
Key words: Federative and interethnic relations, business and government, interethnic conflicts, population welfare, state national policy strategy, national unity, socioeconomic interregional differentiation.
I.N. KADAMOV Head of the labor migrants division, Representative of the Tajikistan Ministry of Labor, Migration and Employment of Population in the Russian Federation, post-graduate student at the Chair of national and federative relations of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and State Service, Russia, Moscow
THE VALUE OF THE DIASPORA IN THE SOCIO-CULTURAL ADAPTATION OF MIGRANTS FROM THE COUNTRIES OF CENTRAL ASIA
In this article, the author examines factors causing migration from Central Asia to Russia, reflects the scenarios and strategies of the adaptation behavior of migrants. The characteristics of the individual Central Asian diasporas, the functions of the national diasporas in the lives of the migrants and the host society. Highlighted activities of the Diaspora in the field of social adjustment, the conclusion is made about ways to improve efficiency in this area.
Key words: labour migration, Central Asia, the Russian Federation, the adaptation scenarios, the Diaspora, functions, diasporas, social adaptation of migrants.
POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES
N.N. KULAKOVA Candidate of political sciences, Senior lecturer of the department "Political Science", Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
IDEOLOGICAL TACTICS OF INFORMATION STRATEGY
In the article the attention to aggravation of problems of information opposition is actualized, the bases for expansion of scale and effectiveness of information war among which there is a withdrawal of the state from the ideological sphere are considered. The author focuses attention on the fact that the state, refusing its impact on public consciousness, in fact leaves also other forms of public consciousness – moral, legal and political. As a consequence of similar practice there is a loss of valuable reference points, legal nihilism, mass absenteeism, falling of authority of the government, that is those aspects which substantially implementation of the functions by the state and its existence depends on. The author expresses opinion on the urgent necessity of elaboration of the legitimate ideological doctrine capable to become a reference point of the development of the country and protection of citizens against information war in which accents lie not so much in the area of technical safety as in the ideological sphere.
Key words: safety, the state, policy, security, society, humanism.
A.A. AMIANTOV Ph.D. (political sciences), Associated Professor of the Department of Political Sience and Political Management of the Russian Presidental Academy of National Economy and Public Administration in the direction of political institutions, processes and technologies, Assistant Professor at the Chair of Political Analysis and Management, Russian Peoples’ Friendship University, Moscow, Russia
THE RIGHTS AND DUTIES OF POLITICAL PARTIES: POLITICAL AND LEGAL ANALYSIS
The Subject of study in this article become the rights and obligations of political parties is enshrined in a special Federal law. The article examines the issues of guaranteeing the functioning of political parties by the state. Discusses the various types of state support for political structures, including the specifics of financing political parties from the Federal budget.
Key words: political parties, government funding, elections, parliamentarism, rights and responsibilities of political structures.
A.N. PALCHAYEV Candidate of Political Sciences, Political Adviser of the People's Assembly of the Republic of Dagestan, Makhachkala, Dagestan, Russia
THE LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION BETWEEN THE STATE AND CIVIL SOCIETY
The article attempts to identify and analyze the place and role of the institution of the local self-government in the system of political management of the Russian Federation. Main focus is on analyzing the nature of its interrelations with government bodies and civil society. It is shown that although the Constitution of the Russian Federation excludes local self-government from the system of state power and is recognized as an independent institution endowed with its own legitimacy, de facto is still essentially dependent on the federal center and, in fact, acts as a low-level link in the state structure authorities. This situation, according to the author, is due to the fact that the question of the nature of the relationship between the three levels of political and social management – federal, regional and local – remains unclear.
Key words: Russia, the federation, the constitution, law, the state, the government, the state authority, local self-government, politics, the institute, civil society.
I.S. AMIANTOVA Candidate of Sciences (political sciences), associate Professor at the Chair of political science and political administration of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and State Service, lecturer at the Department of humanities and social sciences of the Russian Peoples’ Friendship University, Moscow, Russia
ANTI-CORRUPTION POLICY: RUSSIAN AND FOREIGN EXPERIENCE
The article deals with issues concerning anti-corruption policy of Russia and several foreign countries, and analyzes the problems of implementation of the global provisions of the international regulatory legal acts on combating corruption national legal systems.
Key words: corruption, anti-corruption politics, opposition, government, civil society, public service, municipal service, factors of corruption, criminal liability, conflict of interests, foreign experience, the threat to national security.
E.V. MARTYNENKO PhD in Law, associated professor of Theory and History of International Relations Department of the Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
HASSON DHIYAA HASSON PhD student of International Law Department of the Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
POLITICAL AND LEGAL ASPECTS OF THE COMMITTEE TO PROTECT JOURNALISTS ACTIVITIES
The article is devoted to the political and legal aspects of the Committee to Protect Journalists activities as an international non-governmental organization; main directions of its activities and the forms of their implementation; the specificity of organizational structure and financing sources.
Key words: journalists, International Protection of Journalists, Committee to Protect Journalists, journalists’ professional associations, International Freedom of expression exchange, Reporters without borders.
А.V. SIMOYANOV postgraduate student at the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and State Service, Moscow, Russia
SOCIAL COMMITMENTS IN THE POLITICAL SYSTEM OF MODERN RUSSIA
This article investigate social obligations as an effective strategy of getting support of society through the using of social inquiries of the population for Russian political regime. The article focuses on the fact that the significant social group whose main requirement is the state active welfare policy evolved in Russia. The answer to this requirement was the active using of the Russian political elite social agenda. Social obligations are interpreted by the population as part of a specific social contract, when the stability growth of social spending and the inviolability of social rights combine with a passive political support for the regime. The abandonment of social obligations or the use of social agenda other political forces threaten the loss of support by the ruling elite and political stability.
Key words: social obligations, social policy, political agenda, political discourse, political regime, socially oriented segments of the population.
I.V. PINCHUK Graduate student The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA) Institute of Social Sciences Department of political science and political administration, Moscow, Russia
OUTLOOK OF VOLUNTEER’S PARTICIPATION ISSUED IN THE COUNTER-TERRORISM AND THE RUSSIA'S NATIONAL INTERESTS PROTECTION
The paper shows that modern terrorist threats are multifaceted and manifest themselves in various aspects, including the possibility of inflicting damage to information security. Founded on the contemporary research issue, it is examined that the system approach is the reasonable methodological basis for ensuring the national security of the Russian Federation problems issued currently. Simultaneously, the nature of destabilizing influences suggests that it is necessary to systematically consider the stability of the social and economic structure, including various types of institutions, both state structures and public associations. In the work demonstrated, that the rethinking of the possibilities for the participation of volunteer public associations as an element of the system of antiterrorist security, determine its institutional characteristics, including in ensuring the country's security and for this, build cooperation with state structures.
Key words: volunteer movements, antiterrorist threats, national security, state administration, national interests.
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN EXPERIENCE
Z.M. KURBONOVA candidate of political sciences. Doctoral candidate of Philosophy, Political Science and Law named after A. Bahouddinov. AS RT, Associated Professor of the TSUC, World Economy Department Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan
WATER-ENERGY PROBLEMS OF THE CENTRAL ASIAN REGION
The uneven distribution of water resources in Central Asia causes a conflict of interests between key water suppliers (Tajikistan and Kyrgyzstan) and its main consumers (Uzbekistan, Kazakhstan and Turkmenistan). There is a vicious circle: the energy priorities of the upstream countries are contrary to the agricultural interests of the downstream countries, since one, first of all, needs electricity, and the second – water for the development of irrigated agriculture. But the ideal isolation of this circle suggests that this is a field for absolutely mutually beneficial cooperation.
Key words: water resources, energy problems, conflict of interests, energy priorities, mutually beneficial cooperation.
R.V. GHEVONDYAN External Student, Southern-Federal University, Erevan, Armenia
FACTOR OF CIVIC ACTIVISM IN THE PROCESS OF MAKING PUBLIC DECISIONS IN THE REPUBLIC OF ARMENIA
In states with a high degree of democracy, the society is actively involved in the process of making decisions. However, the emergence of a bureaucratic-command type of state management reduces the level of society’s inluence. In Armenia, the decision-making preocess is centrally carried out by the bureaucratic apparatus while the structures of civil society have few possibilities to influence anything. In the article, the examples of civic activism in Armenia are analyzed with the help of content and invent analysis and normative mehods. It is shown that civic activism, as a new phenomenon in the social and political life of Armenia, was manifested as an opportunity to oppose the bureaucracy. Nevertheless, civic activism has both strengths and weaknesses.
Key words: state, civil society, civic activism, bureaucracy, decission-making process, network relations.
TRAN HUU THAN Post-graduate student at the Chair of Political Analysis and Management, Russian People’s Friendship University, Vietnam, Dong Hoi city
EFFECTIVE ANTI-CORRUPTION MODELS IN SOME ASIAN PACIFIC COUNTRIES: EXPERIENCE LESSONS FOR VIETNAM
The issue of corruption obtained international significance in the late 1990s and was accompanied with more discussions about the role of specialized anti-corruption institutions. This process is closely linked to the process of political democratization and economic liberalization in many parts of the world, including Eastern Europe, Asia, Latin America and Africa. This is also linked to efforts to strengthen the rules of law and improve the governance system in many post-authoritarian and post-conflict states, as economic and political transitions are fertile ground for the development of corruption. International anti-corruption agreements, including the UN Convention against Corruption, require member states to create two types of anti-corruption institutions – one to prevent corruption, and the other – to fight corruption through investigation and judicial sentencing in relation to already committed acts of corruption. In this paper, the author provides an analysis into the effective anti-corruption model in some Pacific Asian countries and indicates the factors and mechanisms required to ensure the efficient operation of these models. From the analysis, some experience lessons are drawn for building up an anticorruption model appropriate to the specific conditions in Vietnam in an attempt to improve the effectiveness of anticorruption in modern Vietnam.
Key words: corruption, anti-corruption models, anti-corruption models, anti-corruption agencies, anticorruption policy of modern Vietnam.
MENG XIANGYUN postgraduate student of the Russian Peoples' Friendship University, Moscow, Russia
TURKISH FACTOR IN THE PROCESS OF REVIVAL OF ISLAMIC FUNDAMENTALISM IN CHINA
This article discusses the features of Islamic fundamentalism and principles of its expansion after the Second World War. Special attention is paid to the methods used by the separatist forces in the Xinjiang region of China for utilizing Islam in their separatist movements and the Turkey's role in that movement. To do this, the author considers relations among the "three evil forces" in the Xinjiang region of China: the rise of Islamic fundamentalism, the spread of the ideas of pan-Turkism, as well as changing relations between the governments of China and Turkey. It is shown that the deepening of economic and trade relations between China and Turkey, the promotion of the China's initiative "One belt, one road" and the failed Turkish coup made Turkey to urgently improve its relations with China. However, the author believes that it's difficult for Turkey to remain neutral on the question of Xinjiang while the separatist activities in China's Xinjiang continue.
Key words: Islamic fundamentalism, China, the Uighurs, Turkey, pan-Turkism, extremism, terrorism.
ZHANG DUO post-graduate student of the branch of the Federal State Autonomous Educational Institution of Higher Education «Far Eastern Federal University» in Ussuriysk, Ussuriysk, Russia
STATE PROGRAM "NATIONAL UNITY AS A FAMILY" IN CHINA AS A MECHANISM OF SOCIAL STABILITY OF THE COUNTRY
The article discusses the activities of the supreme authorities of China on the issues of national unity. Here, the author focuses on one of the main dangers of social phenomena of our time – the growing ideology of extremism and ethnic fragmentation. The author examines the problems of interethnic conflicts in China and studies the existing ways of solving them in the country. In this paper, the main focus is on studying the specific components of the state program "National Unity as a Family" – its goals, objectives, methods, participants and control over the results of work. The author also cites examples of the social interaction of different ethnic groups in relation to certain areas of the program, setting out their significance for achieving the set goals. The author notes that this program can not only unite the country by planting a tolerant attitude to the citizens of the state, but also to make the policy of the ruling government more legitimate by the population.
Key words: national program, interethnic interaction, integration, identity, national unity, suspension extremism patronage family.
JIA YUANPEI graduate student, department of political science, east institute-school of regional and international research far east federal university, Vladivostok, Russia
THE HISTORY OF THE STUDY OF ENERGY COOPERATION OF CHINA AND RUSSIA
Сooperation in the energy field is an important area of cooperation between China and Russia, as well as an important part of the sino Russian relations. the sino Russian cooperation in the energy field, has undergone a long period of trial and error, and achieved certain results, at present, requires the most quick development strategy of sino Russian cooperation in the field of energy to study and establish mechanisms for energy security in northeast asia, which is very important to strengthen and improve and the sino Russian energy cooperation. based on the sino Russian friendship, as well as on the basis of neighbouring states, the chinese government, enterprises and ordinary people have long had high hopes for the development of the sino Russian cooperation in the energy field in order to meet the growing energy needs of our country. the history of sino Russian cooperation in the energy field shows that the energy cooperation is a joint action. the problem of energy is not only a part of the economic and trade area, but also a tool of diplomacy and of its political relations. therefore, the development of energy cooperation between china and Russia is a challenge for the development of cooperation in the energy field and to seek the agreement between the government and the market. more importantly, to promote the sustainable and stable development of cooperation in the field of energy. it is necessary to develop a clear energy strategy. the lack of strategic guidance, cooperation in the energy field will be carried out only on a small scale, the state of emergency was significantly change the situation. in addition, the sino Russian energy issue is part of the regional energy relations, which need consider that multilateral cooperation should be the promotion of bilateral cooperation, the establishment of a multilateral mechanism for dialogue between consumers in east asia and Russia.
Key words: Russian chinese cooperation, energy cooperation, the history of development.
YAN JING postgraduate student of the Department of politology, School of Oriental Institute-School of regional and international studies of the Far East Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia
THE CURRENT STATE OF RUSSIAN-CHINESE COOPERATION IN THE OIL AND GAS SECTOR
The article considers the current state and possible prospects of Russian-Chinese cooperation in the oil and gas sector. The author States the objective nature of the Genesis of the mutually beneficial cooperation between the two countries, caused by the coincidence of their foreign policy priorities and requirements of economic expediency. Crevicing emphasizes the favorable situation of the modern cooperation between the two countries in the oil and gas industry are the most significant events in its development. In conclusion of the article the conclusion is made about the future development of Russian-Chinese cooperation in the oil and gas sector, despite the impacts of the whole complex of negative factors.
Key words: geopolitics, technology, political influence, the fuel and energy complex of the Russian Federation, Russian-Chinese cooperation in the oil and gas sector.
CAMARA SIDI graduate student of the Department of Political Science and regional studies of the Russian Peoples’ Friendship University, Moscow, Russia
PECULIARITIES OF ETHNOPOLITICAL SEPARATISM IN THE REPUBLIC OF MALI AND ITS INFLUENCE ON POLITICAL STABILITY
The article examines the main features of ethno-political separatism in Mali. The author analyzes the sources and causes of separatism and its influence on the political stability of the state. The author comes to the conclusion that various factors, internal as external, underlie the emergence of ethno-political separatism.
Key words: ethnos, separatism, stability, extremism.