Scientific Journal “Issues of National and Federative Relations”. Volume 10. Issue 6 (63), 2020.
CONTENTS
DOMESTIC HISTORY, ETHNOLOGY AND ETHNOGRAPHY
POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES
POLITICAL PROBLEMS OF THE GLOBALIZING WORLD
HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY
REFLECTIONS ON READ
Slizovskiy D.E., Medvedev N.P., Zhalnin V.A. Social Responsibility of Business and State. From the Review of Article N.A. Andreeva to Reflections about Read
DOMESTIC HISTORY, ETHNOLOGY AND ETHNOGRAPHY
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.63.6.001
R.A. MUKHAMEDOV Doctor of History, Professor, Pedagogical University named after I.N. Ulyanova, Ulyanovsk, Russia ORСID: 0000-0002-4178-0950
A.V. KARPOV Post-graduate student Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University named after I.N. Ulyanova, Ulyanovsk, Russia ORCID: 0000-0001-6802-5237
SPATIAL GEOGRAPHICAL LOCATION AS A FACTOR OF FORMATION OF THE URBAN ENVIRONMENT OF SIMBIRSK IN THE SECOND HALF OF XIX – THE EARLY XX CENTURY
Modern urbanism considers spatial and architectural organization of an urban space as one of the most characteristics of cities. The following article discusses the meaning and role of the spatial and geographical location of a city as a factor of formation of the urban environment by example of Simbirsk in the second half of the 19th – the early 20th century.
In fact the spatial and geographical factor determinates the place of city’s founding basing on features and functions of a settlement from the first days of urban history. However this factor continues to have a significant impact on the development of cities and on the formation of the urban environment.
This way a connection to the selected location and, therefore, to the function, keeps for a long term and transforms over the city’s growth.
Simbirsk was founded as a fortress on the top of high hill in the interfluve of three river in the forest-steppe ecoregion. This location was convenient for a military outpost but for an administrative capital of the region with a need of placing a large number of people and buildings it became non-suitable.
Key words: Simbirsk, fires, city building, urban space, spatial and architectural organization, urban space, geographical factor, geomorphological factor, location.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.63.6.002
T.I. RYABOVA Candidate of historical Sciences, associate Professor, head. Department of philosophy, history and sociology, Bryansk state University of engineering and technology, Bryansk, Russia
SOVIET REALITY IN THE PERCEPTION OF THE WRITER M.M. PRISHVIN (BASED ON THE DIARIES OF 1930-1932)
On the basis of personal observations and diary entries of M.M. Prishvin, the historical situation of the 30s is reproduced, the process of the writer's knowledge of the painful problems of Soviet reality, the sources of civil and political contradictions, and the mechanism of the formation of the Bolshevik power is analyzed. Interest in this topic is due to modern trends in the development of humanitarian knowledge. The research results show that the writer's diary is a valuable historical source of information, analytical and spiritual character.
Key words: diary, humanism, state coercion, collectivization, industrialization, personal dictatorship, literature, creative freedom.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.63.6.003
G.I. BEZIK Priest, candidate of military sciences, Temple of St. Andrei Rublev in Ramenki; doctoral student of the Church Graduate School and Doctoral School named after Saints Equal to the Apostles Cyril and Methodius, Moscow, Russia
COMPOSITION OF MILITARY CLERGY OF THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE BEFORE AND DURING THE FIRST WORLD WAR
The purpose of the study was to analyze the composition of the military clergy of the Russian Empire before and during the First world war. The author notes that state policy and spiritual ideology in Russian society on the eve of the First world war was very complex and contradictory. Large-scale revolutionary social movements demanded global political and legal changes from the government, including in the religious question, which undoubtedly affected the activities of the military priesthood. Under the Protopresbyter of the army and Navy, a Spiritual Board was established. Since the last quarter of the XIX century, a lot of work has been done in the Department of military clergy. The main thing was to improve the material and living conditions of the clergy of the military Department and attract the best representatives of the white clergy to the army. On April 22, 1911, the outstanding priest G. I. Shavelsky became the Protopresbyter of the Russian Imperial army – the first who had a rich experience of service in the theater of military operations. Thanks to the leaders of the military-spiritual Department, the Institute of military clergy acquired a clear and well-established structure, which was improved and developed. The valor of military priests during the war is evidenced by numerous facts of awarding clergy for military services.The subsequent political and legal events of 1917-1918 in Russian society led to a change and reassessment of the importance and role of the military clergy in the army and Navy. As a result, the adopted state ideology of "atheization" of society has eradicated the military priesthood as an instrument of propaganda action of the state mechanism in the weeds up to the 90s of the late twentieth century.
Key word: Orthodoxy, clergy, clergy, the First world war, the composition of the military clergy.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.63.6.004
S.V. PRYASHNIKOV Candidate of theology, head of the Svyatodukhovsky Spiritual and Educational Centre of the Saint Alexander Nevsky Monastery, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
CHURCH DIRECTION OF SERVANTS OF THE SAKHALIN MILITARY FOOT TEAM (THE EARLY 20th CENTURY)
The study object in this paper was the difficult obedience entrusted to shepherds of the island temples. From 1907 to 1917, the church clergy of a parish operated under the Sakhalin Foot Military Team. Its activity fell on extremely hard times: the post-war occupation of a part of the island, the economic crisis, the abolition of katorga and the formation of civil authorities, the beginning of the First World War. All this attributed a special role to the clergy. Military priests of Sakhalin needed to nurse the spirit of patriotism and sacrifice in the team servants, and carry out pastoral care.
Key words: Sakhalin Island, Sakhalin mission of the Russian Orthodox Church, katorga, military clergy, Sakhalin Foot Gendarme Team, priest Aleksandr Shcheglov, priest Nikolai Sakharov.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.63.6.005
N.V. KAMARDINA Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor of History and Philosophy Department, KamGU Vitus Bering, Petropavlovsk-Kamchatsky, Russia
PROBLEMS OF SOCIAL SECURITY OF RED ARMY FAMILIES IN THE KAMCHATKA REGION DURING THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR
The article addresses the issue of the state assistance to the families of military personnel during the Great Patriotic War in the Kamchatka region. The archival documents and published materials used in the work allow us to re-examine the problems of social security of the population in the rear Far Eastern region during the war period, evaluate the effectiveness of the work of power structures, and show the shortcomings in this system. The testimonies of ordinary residents of the Kamchatka region, forced to survive in the harsh conditions of the war period, are particularly interesting. The author concludes that work on the social security of military families in the conditions of the Far Eastern realities of World War II was complex and versatile.
Key words: the Great Patriotic War, social Security, families of the Red Army, Kamchatka region.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.63.6.006
M.V. SOBOLEV Ph.D. (historical sciences), Department of vocational training and socio-pedagogical disciplines of the Belgorod State Agrarian University named after V.Ya. Gorina, Belgorod, Russia
A.A. KRISANOV Ph.D (philosophical sciences), Department of vocational training and socio-pedagogical disciplines of the Belgorod State Agrarian University named after V.Ya. Gorina, Belgorod, Russia
FORMING PUBLIC OPINION ON QUESTIONS OF ACCELERATING DEVELOPMENT AND PLANNING IN THE AGRICULTURAL COMPLEX OF THE USSR IN 1985-1986 (ON MATERIALS OF THE PERIODICAL PRINT)
In the article, the authors analyze the public discussion of the period 1985-1986 on the problems of the development of agriculture and the agro-industrial complex of the USSR based on the use of periodicals. The newspaper and journal periodicals of this period are considered as a reflection of the views of specialists close to the agro-industrial complex on the problems of improving the organization of management and planning. The authors believe that periodicals played a decisive role in the formation of the vision by the active part of Soviet society of the essence of the problems of the development of the agro-industrial complex as a whole. Its analysis allows us to substantiate the conclusion about the systematic formation in the public mind of the ideas about the impossibility of accelerating the development of the agro-industrial complex with the existing management and planning system.
Key words: initial period of perestroika, Agriculture, acceleration concept, planning system, shaping public opinion, periodicals.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.63.6.007
M.A. VASILCHENKO Candidate of Historical Sciences, MOU "Secondary school No. 19" of the Engels Municipal district of the Saratov region, Engels, Russia
E.V. PANIN Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor of Moscow Financial and Industrial University of Synergy, Moscow, Russia
QUARTERMASTER SUPPORT OF THE CZECHOSLOVAK CORPS DURING THE RUSSIAN CIVIL WAR
The article deals with the little-studied topic of material support of the Czechoslovak corps during the Russian Civil war. The article presents analysis of the corps' logistics, material and monetary support. The author identifies the reasons for the production activity of the Czech soldiers and officers and the nature of the relationship between the Czechoslovak corps and other participants in the Russian Civil war.
The conclusion is made about the contradictory nature of these processes. It is established that the production activity was caused by the poor material support of the troops.
Key words: Civil war, Czechoslovak corps, requisitions, Gold reserve, Siberia, F. Ship, A.V. Kolchak.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.63.6.008
A.M. IVANOV Candidate of Historical Sciences, associate professor of Department of humanitarian, economic and informational-law disciplines, Smolensk branch of the Saratov state Academy of law, Smolensk, Russia
K.V. KUPCHENKO Candidate of Historical Sciences, associate professor of Department of Sciences and Humanities of Smolensk Branch of Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, associate professor of Department of jurisprudents of Smolensk Branch of The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Smolensk, Russia
N.N. FEDOSKIN Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Associate Professor, associate professor of Department of jurisprudents of Smolensk Branch of The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, associate professor of Department of humanitarian, economic and informational-law disciplines, Smolensk branch of the Saratov state Academy of law, Smolensk, Russia
FINANCIAL AND TAX POLICIES OF THE OCCUPATION AUTHORITIES DURING THE YEARS OF THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR (ON MATERIALS FROM THE SMOLENSK REGION)
The financial and fiscal policy of Germany in the occupied Smolensk region is reviewed and analysed. The authors proceed from the position that the territories seized during the war are also the Soviet rear temporarily occupied. At the same time, the remaining population was included in the system of the policy of the «new order» and provision of financial and material resources to the needs of the German troops and Germany itself. The aim of the work is to examine the fiscal and fiscal policies pursued by the German authorities in the Smolensk region during the occupation. The novelty of the study consists in a comprehensive examination of the fiscal policy implemented in the captured territory of the Smolensk region: the main focus is on the inclusion in the research field of types, tax rates, the existence of other charges levied on the population, Grounds for their imposition and penalties for non-compliance. Archival documents and scientific literature on the subject have been examined. The authors concluded that the policy of the occupation authorities with regard to taxation in the occupied territories was not systematic and clearly regulated, which ultimately did not work because of the impossibility of execution and the limited resources of the local population, and it ended in failure.
Key words: Great Patriotic War, Smolensk region, occupation regime, tax policy.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.63.6.009
S.V. OSIPENKO Associate Professor of Military administration Military University of the Ministry of Defense (VUMO RF), Moscow, Russia
STAGES OF EVOLUTION OF THE POLITICAL AND LEGAL DOCTRINE OF M.M. SPERANSKY
The article deals with the political and legal heritage of M. M. Speransky, the main directions, issues of understanding and understanding the essence of law, the ideas of law and legality, their purpose in state activity, in General, the worldview system is represented as an intertwining of various currents. The author offers a reconstruction of the political-legal and philosophical-ethical views of the reformer based on the evolution of the periods of his philosophical-religious and legal worldview.
Key words: legal system, worldview, reformer, statehood, civil society, constitutional laws.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.63.6.010
F.F. MARDANOVA Post-graduate student of the Department of historical and social studies of Kazan (Volga region) Federal University; chief specialist of the Republican center for development of traditional culture of the Ministry of culture of the Republic of Tatarstan, Kazan, Russia
MAIN ACTIVITIES OF THE SCIENTIFIC SOCIETY OF TATAR STUDIES
Many studies have been devoted to the study of the history and activities of scientific societies that functioned in the Tatar Republic in the 1920s. However, until today, due attention has not been paid to the research of the Scientific society of Tatar studies. The absence of special works dedicated to the expedition, Archeographic, and publishing activities of the Society confirms the relevance and necessity of special research on the stated topic. When writing the article, the company's constituent documents, production plans, work program, and reports on the results of expeditions were used. Based on the study of the main activities of the Society, it is concluded that the society of Tatar studies was able to unite professional researchers and local historians, public figures, opened new areas of study of the history, material and spiritual culture of the Tatar people and made a significant contribution to the historiography of the 1920s.
Key words: scientific society of Tatar studies, study of the history of the Tatars, Tatar studies, ethnographic expeditions, 1920s, TASSR.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.63.6.011
A.V. RODIONOV Director, Branch of the State Educational Institution of Higher Education of Moscow Region “State University of Humanities and Social Studies” in the town of Zaraysk – Zaraysk Pedagogical College, Zaraysk, Russia
TO THE QUESTION OF THE DATE OF ZARAYSK'S FOUNDATION
Zaraysk of the Moscow region is one of the ancient chronicled cities of Central Russia. Its origin is inextricably linked with the veneration and cult of the miraculous image of Nikola Zarazsky. In science, there is a discussion about the date of the Foundation of Zaraysk as an urban settlement. The main problems of historiography of its history of the XIX-early XXI centuries, which interested researchers, are two interrelated issues: the date of the city's Foundation and the historicity of the cycle of stories about Nikola Zarazsky. The article contains a generalization and analysis of sources and historiography on these aspects. The first reliable mention of St. Nicholas Church in documents refers to 1509, as a city it was formed after the construction of the brick Kremlin in 1528-1531.
Key words: Zaraisk, Nikola zaraiskiy, the city of Sturgeon, a cycle of Stories about Nikola Zarazsky, local history, historiography, archeology.
POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.63.6.012
N.R. BALYNSKAYA Doctor of Political Sciences, Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University, Economy and Management Department, Professor of the Department of State and Municipal Management and Personnel Management, Magnitogorsk, Russia
E.G. ZINOVYEVA PhD phylosophy Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University, Economy and Management Department, Associate Professor of the Department of State and Municipal Management and Personnel Management, Magnitogorsk, Russia ORCID: https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7364-4948
S.YU. VOLKOV Candidate of technical Sciences, Nosov Magnitogorsk State Technical University, Economy and Management Department, Associate Professor of the Department of State and Municipal Management and Personnel Management, Magnitogorsk, Russia
N.S. SHKURKO PhD philosophy, North-Eastern Federal University named after M.K. Ammosov, Institute of Languages and Culture of the Peoples of the North-East of Russia, Associate Professor of the Department of Culture, Yakutsk, Russia
POSITIVE IMAGE OF RUSSIA: AS A PROBLEM AND POLITICAL TECHNOLOGY OF IMAGEING IN THE WORLD INFORMATION SPACE
Today, in the context of escalating geopolitical single combat, when actions, opinions and information about them become a reality of informational and political at the same time, the task of forming a positive image of our country becomes a strategic one. This article is devoted to the research of the technology of creating an attractive image of Russia in the world information space. The authors set a goal to identify the specifics of the process of forming the country's foreign policy image by means of mass communications.
The methodological basis of the study was dialectical method, involving an objective analysis of the system of ties and relations in the framework of the informational-political space and the formation of international image of the country. Using the content method and comparative analysis, Russian and a number of foreign media in the United States and Germany were studied, and the factors that influence the process of forming a foreign policy image were clarified.
Results. The formation of an effective foreign policy image of the state should be carried out through modern political technologies, with the involvement of modern devices, expanding the audience at the expense of target groups and creative projects. The article reveals the essence of the concept of «foreign policy image» and the influence of the image on the foreign policy and economy of the state; various reasons for the positive and negative attitude of Western countries towards Russia and the measures necessary to solve this problem are considered; factors and prospects for the formation of the country's foreign policy image; The role of PR technologies in branding as an instrument for achieving the country's foreign policy interests is analyzed.
Findings. The authors believe that based on an understanding of the nature of the foreign policy image, it is necessary to achieve not so much a positive as an effective image of Russia in the information and political space in order to ensure and protect the country's competitive advantages in the face of intensified geopolitical competition.
Using branding technologies and the capabilities of new media makes it possible to create a positive foreign policy image of the state, transmit new attractive characteristics to the mass consciousness of the population of foreign countries, which strengthen the position of the state in the international community.
Key words: foreign policy image, image policy, information space, information wars, geopolitical competition, convergence, effective image, state branding.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.63.6.013
А.D. NAZAROV Professor, Doctor of Sciences (history), Deputy Head of the Chair of advertising and public relations for research at the Institute of Foreign Languages, Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University) (MAI), Moscow, Russia
L.Е. UKOLOVA Professor, Doctor of Sciences (philology), the Chair of advertising and public relations at the Institute of Foreign Languages, Moscow Aviation Institute (National Research University) (MAI), Moscow, Russia
NOMADIC SCHOOL AS AN ETHNOSOCIAL PHENOMENON IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE EDUCATION SYSTEM IN THE ARCTIC REGIONS OF MODERN RUSSIA (POLITICAL AND LEGAL ASPECTS)
The policy documents adopted in recent years on the development of the Arctic zone of the Russian Federation and ensuring the national security of the country have defined the main goals, main tasks, strategic priorities and mechanisms for implementing Russia's state policy in the Arctic. One of the main goals in this direction is to provide the upcoming work front with modern highly qualified personnel, which involves providing training and retraining of specialists in the system of higher and secondary special education to work in the Arctic, taking into account the existing and projected needs for specialists in the field of marine geology, production and processing of hydrocarbons, marine technologies, information and communication technologies and other specialties.
It is necessary to seriously modernize the educational programs for the indigenous populations of the Russian Arctic, especially in the field of training children and young people for the life in modern society, where they are supposed to learn skills of living in extreme natural conditions and where competition of different education system is a key element of global competition that requires constant updating of technologies, the accelerated development of innovation, rapid adaptation to the demands and challenges of a rapidly changing world. All this, however, does not negate the training of highly qualified specialists in traditional sectors of the North and Arctic regions. This applies to reindeer husbandry, fishing, marine hunting, gathering of wild raw materials and other agricultural activities aimed at preserving the ethnos.
It should be taken into account that recently, especially since the beginning of the 1990s, the processes of national revival of the peoples of Russia, which fully apply to the Northern regions, have increased the interest of indigenous peoples in the traditional occupations and crafts of their ancestors. In this regard, with the development, in particular, of reindeer herding in the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), there was a need to address issues of education and training of nomad children, which, in turn, increased the interest in the existing experience and practice of nomadic schools. The article examines the strengths and weaknesses of this model, as well as the arguments of experts participating in the discussion in the scientific community on this issue.
Key words: Russian Arctic, small indigenous peoples of the North and the Arctic, nomadic school as an ethno-social phenomenon, educational and cultural strategies.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.63.6.014
I.A. KOPYLOV Candidate of Political Sciences, Associate Professor Ministry of Defense Military University Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
STATE POLICY OF MEMORY: CONTEMPORARY SIGNIFICANCE AND COUNTERACTION TO FALSIFICATIONS OF THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR
This article discusses the modern policy of the memory of the Russian state to preserve the historical truth about the outcome of World War II and the contribution of the Soviet people to the victory over Nazi Germany during the Great Patriotic War. The leading role of the state policy of memory in the process of counteracting modern attempts to falsify history is substantiated.
Key words: feat of the Soviet people, historical memory, commemoration, state policy of memory, counteraction to falsifications.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.63.6.015
N.N. KULAKOVA PhD (Political Sciences), Associate Professor, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF INTERACTION BETWEEN THE STATE AND CIVIL SOCIETY AT THE PRESENT STAGE
The study of the problem of the formation of Russian civil society is accompanied, both in practical and theoretical terms, by a whole complex of contradictions and difficulties, taking their roots both in the ambiguous history of this phenomenon and in its equally multivariate interpretation by the scientific community and the general public.
The complex institutional transformations taking place in Russia, almost permanently, are largely due to the non-acceleration of civil society and the difficult upheavals on the way to determining its effective functioning model. The search for new ways of functioning of the political system has a democratic vector, but a number of sociocultural and institutional problems impede the process of complicating relations, expanding and transforming its forms and methods.
In the proposed work, the author identifies and comprehends the specifics of Russian political practice in the field of interaction between the state and civil society. The measures and directions taken both to improve the public administration system and to stimulate the formation of civil society are analyzed, and barriers of a very different level and nature that stand in the way of this process are identified. Among these are problems of an economic and mental nature. The economic polarization of the population in many respects determines an insignificant level of people's trust in the created institutional forms of civil society. In turn, the low level of social cooperation and conscious participation of the population in the political life of the country makes it difficult to optimize activities and control over governing bodies.this article considers the problems of efficiency of public administration related to the functioning of civil society; lists the main directions of state activities in this area; it is shown that without the presence of the civil initiative "from below" carried out by the policy of the state will not be fully implemented; the proposed measures for the revitalization of civil society.
In accordance with his vision of the problem, the author defines the urgent tasks of modern Russian civil society, among which stand out the development of legal, social and political activity of citizens based on high-quality and reliable knowledge of the history of his country, on overcoming absenteeism and steam nihilism. At the same time, the task of the state is the formation of acceptable legal prerequisites and practical conditions for the full functioning of Russian civil society.
Key words: governance, civil society, the Public chamber of the Russian Federation, public councils, open government.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.63.6.016
HUANG MINGTUO Doctor, Institute of Russia, Eastern Europe and Central Asia Shanghai International Studies University, Shanghai, China
EVOLUTION OF SOVEREIGN INTERNET POLICY IN RUSSIA
The development of cyber technologies brings Russia not only benefits, but also new threats and challenges. The sovereign Internet policy is a characteristic feature of Russia’s cybersecurity policy. The article is devoted to the process of evolution of the sovereign Internet policy in Russia. In the 90s of the 20th century, Russian politics in the international as well as in the domestic information space was characterized by liberalism and connivance. Since 2000, Russia began to strengthen control over the information space. During Putin’s third term as president, the sovereign Internet policy was systematically developed and was finally approved with the adoption of the amendment to the federal law “On Communications” and the federal law “On Information, Information Technologies and the Protection of Information”. The article also examines the pros and cons of the sovereign internet policy.
Key words: sovereign Internet, information space, cybersecurity, legislation, freedom of the Internet.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.63.6.017
D.N. MONAKHOV Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Senior lecturer of the Department of Sociological Research Methodology at Faculty of Sociology of Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
G.B. PRONCHEV Candidate of Physics and Mathematics, Associate Professor; Associate Professor, Deputy Head of the Department of Sociological Research Methodology at the Faculty of Sociology of Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
HEALTH DIGITALIZATION POLICY
The article is devoted to problems related to the processes of digitalization of healthcare. This concept is defined and its place in the system of the General process of digitalization is analyzed. Modern legislation and the role of the state in the process of digitalization of healthcare are analyzed. The modification of healthcare and the complex of medical services based on digital technologies leads to an increase in the efficiency and quality of medical care. The dynamics of healthcare digitalization processes is limited by the problems of educating the population in the field of modern information and communication technologies and retraining medical personnel. Digital medicine of the elderly is analyzed. The article is of interest to specialists dealing with the problems of globalization, public policy in the field of health, digital health.
Key words: informatization, digitalization, healthcare digitalization, digital medicine, globalization.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.63.6.018
N.A. ANDREEV Postgraduate student, Academy of labor and social relations, Moscow, Russia
THE CONTENT OF THE PHENOMENON OF SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY DURING THE PROCESS OF CREATION A SOCIAL STATE: LEVELS, MODELS, AND PRINCIPLES
The purpose of the research is to determine the content of the main components of the phenomenon of social responsibility of business (entrepreneurship) in the paradigm of political processes of building a social state. The article presents a classification of levels, models and principles of social responsibility, proposed for adoption in the study of political processes, and serves as a conceptual basis for further research in this direction. The scientific novelty of the research consists in the proposed new look at the phenomenon of social responsibility from the perspective of political science, as well as in stimulating the development of new concepts of the status of the phenomenon in politics. This article attempts to reveal the main elements of the phenomenological content of the concept of social responsibility. Research methodology: the research used techniques and tools of fundamental political science, such as political philosophy, political theory, political anthropology and political geography, conducted a comparative analysis of scenarios of interaction between the public and private sectors of public life in different countries in order to develop the main models of social responsibility that exist and have taken root in the world. As a result of the research, a classification of elements of the phenomenological content of the concept of social responsibility in the context of political processes of building a social state is proposed, which will be used in the further study of these processes.
Key words: social responsibility, construction of a social state, government, business, phenomenology of social responsibility, methodology of political science.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.63.6.019
E.A. MIKHAILOVA Applicant School of Public Administration Lomonosov Moscow State University Department of Political analysis, Moscow, Russia
REGIONAL POLITICAL COMMUNICATIONS: NEW CHALLENGES AND MODERN SOLUTIONS
Currently, the Russian vertical of power is undergoing significant changes: in connection with the crisis of recent years, the federal center has taken a course to expand the independence of the regions in solving local problems. In this regard, regional political actors need to enlist more active support of the electorate in the implementation of decisions.
This article analyzes the prospects for using new media to legitimize the activities of political actors in regional political discourse. To achieve this goal, the current position of the federal center in relation to the range of tasks that are within the competence of regional political actors was assessed; the unique opportunities that new media provide for regional political positioning were formulated; the attitude of political actors to the use of communication technologies 2.0 to legitimize their activities was outlined; a specific example of an attempt to institutionalize the use of new media in the political process is considered.
The author comes to the conclusion that the use of the latest communication technologies will allow regional authorities to achieve the results in the field of political legitimization, which cannot be obtained using purely traditional technologies. Despite the fact that political actors generally agree on the need to expand their presence in social networks, the first attempts to make large-scale use of communication 2.0 capabilities show a lack of understanding of the specifics of this media space, and without this understanding, the use of new media can bring more harm than good to the political image.
Key words: political communications, new media, political legitimization, regional policy, political positioning, social networks.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.63.6.020
E.A. MUSIN Graduate student Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, The North-West Institute of management, St. Petersburg, Russia
THE EVOLUTION OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF MILITARY POLICY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION
The military-political structure of the modern world is changing significantly, which becomes the reason for changing views on the concept of military policy. Any military policy is formed under the influence of various subjective factors, the analysis of which often remains beyond the scope of real politics and scientific research, but is absolutely necessary in the face of radical civilizational changes and the rapid dynamics of the military-political situation. Such changes that have occurred in Russia from the end of the 20th century to the present, and which have reflected very deeply on the self-identification of the nation and country in world history.
Key words: security, military policy, risks, nuclear deterrence, political reality.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.63.6.021
I.A. BOGOMOLOV Master student of the Department of Political Analysis and Management Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
K.A. GABDULLIN Master student of the Department of Political Analysis and Management Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
D.V. PERKOVA Candidate of Political Sciences Information and Analytical Center «National Dialogue»’s Director, Moscow, Russia
YOUTH POLICY AS A FACTOR OF ENSURING REGIONAL, NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL SECURITY
This article is devoted to the interrelation of youth policy with the issues of ensuring security at different levels, youth as an important social group, as well as the main problems and prospects of forming a state youth policy.
In order for these constructs to be implemented, the society needs to create conditions for the socialization of young people. And to create such conditions, a well-thought-out and highly organized system of state youth policy is needed. Despite various interpretations and definitions, such concept has a complex structure.
State youth policy involves activities in the following areas: development of education at all levels: health, medicine, military service, cultural and leisure sector. It includes support for both the work of state institutions and their support by public organizations and movements.
Security, both national and international, in the most general form, can be described as the ability of people to save full-fledged life, to realize individual and public interests in the absence of serious conflict factors.
Key words: state, youth, UN, youth policy, national security, international security.
POLITICAL PROBLEMS OF THE GLOBALIZING WORLD
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.63.6.022
M.E.RODIONOVA Director Center for European studies, Candidate of Science in Sociology, Associate Professor, Ph.D., Associate Professor of the Department of Political Sciences, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia
ELECTORAL PROCESSES OF EUROPE IN A PANDEMIC
The material is devoted to a general description of the beginning and consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic, not only on a global scale, but also in relation to the countries of Europe and Russia. The features of the elections in Slovakia and Poland during the pandemic, the quarantine measures taken and possible ways out of the crisis as a whole by the EU countries are considered. The pandemic in the EU countries has led to the understanding that only common institutions and a common strategy will help to survive and survive the economic recession and other consequences of the crisis. There is no doubt that the main direction in the activities of the European Union will be overcoming the negative consequences in the economy, and therefore the main emphasis will be shifted from efficiency to sustainable economic development.
Key words: coronavirus, COVID-19 pandemic, quarantine removal, Europe, elections in Slovakia and Poland, electoral processes, consequences, post-crisis strategy.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.63.6.023
N.V. FILINA Candidate of Political Sciences, Associate Professor of Philosophy, History, Economic Theory and Law, Omsk State Agrarian University named after P.A. Stolypin, Omsk, Russia
THE RIGHT TO EXERCISE FREEDOM OF RELIGION IN BRICS FROM THE POSITION OF THE US COMMISSION ON INTERNATIONAL RELIGIOUS FREEDOM
The BRICS Union is becoming a platform for economic cooperation of the participating countries, a platform for international security in the fight against religious extremism. The strengthening of the role of the BRICS, the establishment of Russian-Chinese good-neighbourly relations has an impact on the transforming world order in matters of religion. Despite the fact that the BRICS union is at the stage of building international relations – this is a competitor for the European Community. The article deals with issues related to the relationship between the international and national right to freedom of religion. Religious processes are compared from the position of the states of continental Europe and the countries participating in the ascending union of BRICS. An analysis of the work of the US Commission on International Religious Freedom (USCIRF) was carried out. The thesis is justified, according to which it is possible to interpret legal norms and the activities of authorities in the interests of one or more powers. The denominational policy of the BRICS countries is described in detail. It is assessed through the lens of legal consciousness, as well as the contribution of participating countries to the consolidation of international legal space in matters of religion and security. Recommendations were made to countries on their position on religious policy and the creation of an international BRICS body to protect religious freedom.
Key words: state-confessional policy, BRICS countries, the US Commission on Religious Issues, religion.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.63.6.024
SH.YU. AKRAMOV PhD in Sociology, Leading Researcher at the Institute for Demographic Research, FCTAS RAS, Moscow, Russia
F.T. KHONKHODJAEV PhD in Economics, Associate Professor, Institute of Business Career, Moscow, Russia
F.SH. AKRAMOV PhD Student of the Institute of Demographic Research, Federal Scientific and Research Center of RAS, Moscow, Russia
Z.K. VAZIROV Junior Researcher, Institute of Demographic Research, Federal Scientific and Research Center of RAS, Moscow, Russia
PROBLEMS OF COMPLIANCE/VIOLATION AND IMPLEMENTATION OF THE RIGHTS OF LABOR MIGRANTS FROM THE CENTRAL ASIAN COUNTRIES IN RUSSIA
The article discusses current issues of compliance/violations of the rights of labor migrants from Tajikistan and Uzbekistan in the Russian Federation. The results of a sociological survey of labor migrants from Central Asian countries in Russia and at home are presented. The main forms of violation of the rights of labor migrants are identified: unreasonable verification of documents by the police; extortion of money by the police in the form of “fines”; discrimination of national origin by lessors; cheating by the employer, labor exploitation, delay and non-payment of wages, fines at work; arbitrariness of officials and the provision of low-quality public services; rudeness, humiliation of honor and dignity both on the part of some representatives of power structures, as well as at home, on the part of the local population; denial of full access to court proceedings. The study showed that the rights and freedoms of labor migrants – citizens of Tajikistan and Uzbekistan are violated in Russia more often than migrants from other countries of the former Soviet Union. The consequences of the adoption of the law on foreign agents for NGOs and labor migrants in Russia are considered.
Key words: labor migrants, Tajikistan, Uzbekistan, Russia, human rights, violation of rights, labor migrants, non-profit organizations, foreign citizens, foreign agent, deportation, expulsion.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.63.6.025
S.N. PEREMYSHLIN Ph Student of the Center for Social Demography, Institute of Socio-Political Research FCTAS RAS, Head of the Representative Office of the Russian Peace Foundation in the Kyrgyz Republic, Moscow, Russia
THE GLOBAL AND REGIONAL ASPECTS OF THE STATE MIGRATION POLICY MANAGEMENT IN THE CONTEXT OF EURASIAN INTEGRATION
The article discusses aspects of managing migration processes at the global and regional levels in the framework of the national state’s policy in modern conditions. The level of global international migration policy management proposes to consolidate the general principles in the Global Compact for Safe, Orderly Regulated Migration, which protects the rights of migrants, promotes legal migration, reduces the scale of illegal migration, and promotes mobility in natural and man-made situations. The ratification of the Global Compact was not carried out in all countries, but the document itself creates a sustainable communication platform for international cooperation on a partnership basis. Migration activity carries not only positive effects in the socio-economic development of the host country, but also negative ones that pose security risks to society, increased crime and so on. Managing migration processes in the context of regional integration involves the creation of a common labor market, therefore, the development of an appropriate state migration policy, which on the one hand contributes to providing the national economy with labor, strengthening regional integration, and on the other, maintaining loyalty to migrants from the host society. The concept of migration policy of the Russian Federation in 2012 was updated in 2018 in accordance with the changed conditions, departmental transformations in the field of migration management. To improve the management of migration processes, the author proposes to change approaches in the practical activities of government agencies, civil society institutions, social groups and the political elite. The new approach involves the construction of a social environment using existing political technologies, characterized by high social efficiency, which is increasing with the use of modern ICT. Differences in interests and goals that are upheld by migrants, government agencies, employers, the political elite, sending and receiving societies can be overcome with the help of modern forms and technologies of communication. Efforts aimed at creating a social environment will increase tolerance in society and accelerate the rapid socialization of migrants.
Key words: migration, globalization, regional integration, migration policy, management of migration, Eurasian integration, labor migration.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.63.6.026
E.A. BORODIN Postgraduate student, Diplomatic Academy of the Russian Foreign Ministry, Moscow, Russia
POSITIONS OF STATES ON THE ISSUE OF THE LIMITS OF THE CONTINENTAL SHELF IN THE ARCTIC
The article is devoted to the study of the positions of the Arctic and Asian States in resolving the issue of delineating the continental shelf in the Arctic ocean. The article identified participants in the settlement of this issue by the level of their involvement in the process. The article reflects the interests of States in the Arctic, which are aimed at strengthening their positions in the region in order to gain greater access to the resources, including by determining the ownership of the Arctic shelf. The author studied the views of each of the participants on the options for resolving this dispute, identifying the most acceptable for them, the least acceptable, and the most likely. The author tracked the chronology of the decision on the delimitation of the Arctic shelf, and also identified further prospects for resolving this dispute. It is concluded that the interests of States are similar and overlap in this dispute. In this regard, there is both competition and cooperation among them, in order to achieve the most favorable conditions for their side. The author noted that in general, the interests of States in the dispute over the Arctic shelf are to get access to the natural resources available in the region. This process takes place either by asserting in the UN its rights to own the adjacent part of the Arctic shelf, or by promoting the position of internationalization of the Arctic area.
Key words: Arctic, continental shelf, positions of States, UN Convention on the law of the sea 1982.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.63.6.027
M.S. EDINOVA Postgraduate student, Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia
TRANSNATIONAL CITY NETWORKS IN MIGRANTS’ INTEGRATION POLICY IMPLEMENTATION
In this article, the author analyzes the issue of migrants' integration policy implementation through transnational cities networks (TCNs). Today, regions and cities organize coordination channels in order to determine the most effective methods and tools of migrants' integration policy implementation. The largest TCNs, organized by such international organizations like UNESCO, Council of Europe, Eurofund, etc., were explored in this article. The author of the article proposed typology of TCNs based on the nature of their activities.
Key words: transnational cities networks, multilevel governance, migrants’ integration policy.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.63.6.028
V.V. PLYUSHCHIKOV Graduate student, Department of Theory and History of International Relations, RUDN University, Moscow, Russia
COVID-19 AS A DISASTER: PRINCIPLES OF INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION
Purpose: based on the thesis that COVID-19 is considered as a natural disaster, an analysis of the international activities of the UN member countries within the existing regulatory framework (Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction) is made.
Methods: the method of studying documents, content analysis, intent analysis, the study of statistical indicators, as well as a systematic approach.
Results: a study of this issue showed that COVID-19 can be considered as a disaster, based on the wording of the term "disaster", adopted by the UN. An international disaster response, in this regard, can be implemented within the existing UN regulatory framework. The Russian Federation, being one of the important actors in the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction, is shaping a modern approach to reducing the risk of the spread of COVID-19 disaster.
Conclusion: the individual components of the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction can be useful in countering COVID-19 as a disaster. The experience of the Russian Federation in disaster risk reduction can be useful in studying cases of effective disaster response.
Key words: COVID-19, disaster, UN, Sendai Framework, international cooperation, Russian Federation, COVID-19 research trends.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.63.6.029
S.R. IBRAGIMOV Postgraduate student, Diplomatic Academy of the Russian foreign Ministry, Moscow, Russia
ON THE LEGAL STATUS OF THE CASPIAN SEA
The article explores the role of the Convention on the Legal Status of the Caspian Sea in the development of the region and individual littoral states. Taking into account the consensus for the five countries of the inapplicability of the provisions of the 1982 UN Convention on the Law of the Sea in the Caspian, it was decided to apply a special legal status and consolidate in a separate international legal document. The Convention adopted as a result of negotiations is called upon to become the legal foundation for the interaction of states in the Caspian. A forecast has been made for the further development of relations between the countries participating in the Convention in the Caspian Sea.
Key words: Caspian region, Convention, trans-Caspian projects, trans-Caspian gas pipeline, «Caspian Five», Aktau.
HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.63.6.030
M.F. МАGADIEV Candidate of Sciences (sociology), Associate Professor at the Chair of public administration in foreign policy of the Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, Moscow, Russia
A.N. PUZEVICH Post-graduate student at the Chair of general history and international relations of the Ryazan State University named after S.A. Yesenin, lecturer at the Cahir of humanities and natural science, Ryazan Guards Higher Airborne Command School named after Army General V.F. Margelov, Ryazan, Russia
HISTORICAL EXPERIENCE OF TRAINING PARTY CADRES FOR THE COMMUNIST PARTY OF CHINA IN THE 20-30S OF THE XX CENTURY AND THE PRESENT
The dynamic development of the People's Republic of China, which has continued since the end of the twentieth century, poses an extremely urgent task for Russian researchers, both in scientific and political terms, it is the task of a deep and objective analysis of the program for building “socialism with Chinese characteristics” in China, whose successful implementation was largely made possible by an effective system of state personnel policy. This, in turn, requires studying the history of the origin of such a system, many of the creators of which were educated in the USSR. In their article, the authors consider the historical experience of training party cadres in the Soviet universities for the Communist party of China in the 20-30s of the XX century, which was subsequently adopted by their graduates and successfully implemented in the practice of modern China.
Key words: International Lenin School, People's Republic of China, Communist University of Eastern workers, Communist University of Chinese workers, Communist Party of China, party schools, training of party cadres, Russia, USSR.
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.63.6.031
A.M. ISMAILOV Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor, Professor of the Department State and Rights of the National Guard VI Russian Federation, Novosibirsk, Russia
A.M. KURAEV Cand. East. sciences, lieutenant colonel, Senior Lecturer, Tactics Chair, Novosibirsk Higher Military command school, Novosibirsk, Russia
A.A. KURAEVA Student of Novosibirsk State University of Management Economics, NINH, Novosibirsk, Russia
LEGAL REGULATION OF THE RUSSIAN-BOOK PUBLISHING IN KAZAKHSTAN
The article is devoted to one of the urgent problems of modern book publishing. It testifies to the interest of Russia in maintaining contacts, the comprehensive development of integration with Kazakhstan, which occupies a specific place in the system of strategic interests of the Russian Federation. It is proved that book publishing in Russian was closely connected with various stages of the formation of new statehood in the republic. Issues of publishing periodicals, exporting books and brochures in Russian are the subject of a separate study and therefore are not considered in the article. The release of non-periodical publications in Russian in Kazakhstan was closely linked with the social processes of the formation of a new statehood. It was they who had a decisive influence on the evolution of Russian-language book publishing.
According to its new Constitution, the Republic of Kazakhstan is a democratic, secular, legal and social state, the highest values of which are a person, his life, rights and freedoms.
Key words: book publishing, Russian language, Republic of Kazakhstan, legal regime of publishing activity, legal regulation.
REFLECTIONS ON READ
DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.63.6.032
Reviewers:
D.Е. SLIZOVSKIY Doctor of sciences (history), Professor, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
N.P. MEDVEDEV Doctor of sciences (political sciences), Professor, Moscow, Russia
V.A. ZHALNIN Post-graduate student at the Chair of political analysis and management, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia
SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY OF BUSINESS AND STATE. FROM THE REVIEW OF ARTICLE N.A. ANDREEVA TO REFLECTIONS ABOUT READ