Scientific Journal “Issues of National and Federative Relations”. Issue 3 (38), 2017.
CONTENTS
DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN HISTORY
ETHNOPOLITICS AND POLITICAL REGIONALISM
POLITICAL PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN EXPERIENCE
DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN HISTORY
V.A. PERTSEV candidate of historical sciences, associate professor of the department of contemporary Russian history, historiography and documentation of the historical faculty of the Voronezh State University, Voronezh, Russia
THE DYNAMICS OF CHANGING THE CONDITIONS OF THE EVERYDAY LIFE OF THE POPULATION IN THE 1950S-1970S: ON THE MATERIALS OF THE AREAS OF THE CENTRAL CHERNOZEM ECONOMIC REGION
The study of the living conditions of the population is an integral part of the analysis of the implementation of the social policy of the Soviet state, implemented during the 1950-1970's. Based on specific indicators of everyday reality, it seems possible to determine the overall level of social welfare of citizens. During the preparation of the article, the aim was to show the most common ways to meet the needs of citizens of the regions of the Central Black Earth Economic Region based on the use of established family budgets. A comparative analysis was made of the budgetary opportunities of both urban and urban residents and rural population. To achieve this goal, such general scientific methods of cognition as description and measurement, including such direction as aggregation, that is, data averaging, analysis and synthesis, classification and typology, system-structural and functional analysis, were of great importance. Taking into account the historical and economic character of the research, an abstract logical method of cognition of historical reality was used, providing for a purposeful study of a complex of various systematized sources. On the basis of identified archival documents, not only the typical directions in spending money earned, but also revealed the inconsistency of income and expenditure components of financial opportunities of citizens. The conclusion is drawn that due to the low level of development of the production of consumer goods and durable goods, insufficient volume of household services, a significant part of the financial resources remained unrealized and accumulated on accounts in savings banks. This circumstance had a negative impact not only on the social situation, but also on the stability of the functioning of the political system of the Soviet state.
Key words: social policy, Central Chernozem economic region, incomes of the population, family budget, daily life, purchasing opportunities, commodity turnover.
Z.K. KURMANOV Doctor of Sciences (history), Head of Department at the Kyrgyz-Russian Slavic University named after B. N. Yeltsin, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic
F.P. URAZAEVA PhD (history), Chair of international relations and world economy, Department of international relations, Kazakh National University named after Al-Farabi, Almaty, Republic of Kazakhstan
KYRGYZSTAN AND JAPAN: HISTORY AND PROSPECTS OF MUTUAL COOPERATION
The financial assistance became a one of the significant component of Japan's policy towards the countries of the former USSR in the early 1990s. In October 1991, the Japanese government decided to grant grant aid to post-Soviet countries amounting to $ 2.5 billion, which together with other measures amounted to almost $ 3 billion. Japan's assistance included technical and humanitarian assistance, as well as support for trade facilitation. Partnership with Japan for Kyrgyzstan is one of the main priorities of the modern foreign policy of the state. During the last period, several important bilateral events were carried out that had a positive impact on the overall dynamics and background of cooperation.
Key words: Japan, Kyrgyzstan, cooperation, economy, development.
D.V. ZHIGULSKAYA PhD in history, Department of Central Asia and the Caucasus, Institute of Asian and African Studies, Moscow State University (IAAS MSU), Moscow, Russia
THE “OTHER” ISLAM IN TURKEY: SOME REFLECTIONS ON THE ALEVI COMMUNITY
The title of this paper is The “Other” Islam in Turkey, which aims to reflect two main points. Namely, Turkey is a Muslim-majority country that is also a secular democratic state. Turkey’s religious tradition is extraordinarily rich and Islam is not a monolithic religion in the country. The Alevi community is Turkey’s leading non-Sunni Muslim minority. There are no precise data on the number of Alevis in Turkey, but estimates range from 10 to 15 million.
The second point concerns the phenomenon of “othering” and its implications for the daily life and social status of the Alevi community today. In the Ottoman Empire, Alevis were considered heretics and, therefore, suffered severe discrimination. That is why they supported the establishment of the secular republic, which severed ties to Sunni Islam as the state religion and put an end to formal discrimination against Alevis. Despite its secular nature, however, the republic maintained the privileged position of Sunni Islam. Nevertheless, especially since the 1990s, the Alevis have become more visible in society and more active in the political arena. Today, the Alevis are a significant factor in Turkey’s social and political climate.
This paper gives a general description of the Alevi community in Turkey and focuses on the evolution of its social and political status from the proclamation of the Republic to the present day.
Key words: Turkey, Alevism, the Alevi community, political Islam, non-Sunni Muslim minorities, secularism, democracy.
S.I. FEDOROVA post-graduate student at the Chair of Russia and contemporary time of the Russian State University for the Humanities, Moscow, Russia
EVOLUTION OF U.S. ECONOMIC SANCTIONS AGAINST USSR AS AN INSTRUMENT OF FOREIGN POLICY AFTER THE SECOND WORLD WAR (HISTORIC ASPECT)
Recently economic sanctions as an instrument of international foreign policy are being used by states more frequently. In the present article it is suggested to analyze the practice of implementing sanctions by the USA against the USSR during the end of the Second World War and until the 1980 – when restrictions were imposed in connection with the participation of the USSR in military conflict in Afghanistan. The author also estimates influence of restrictive measures on the Soviet economy.
Key words: economic sanctions, restrictive measures, “Cold war”, grain embargo, Soviet-American relations
ETHNOPOLITICS AND POLITICAL REGIONALISM
N.P. MEDVEDEV Doctor of Sciences (political sciences), Professor at the Russian Peoples' Friendship University, Moscow, Russia
PROBLEMS OF THE MORDOVIAN NATION AND SOME ASPECTS OF STATE AUTONOMY
The article considers the questions of the state national policy, the problems of the status development of the former Autonomous republics, the problems of migration of the Mordovian people and ethnic minorities on the territory of the Russian Federation and post- Soviet states.
Key words: Autonomous Republic, state national policy, Mordovian people, ethnic minorities.
M.B. SHOROVA candidate of the historical sciences associate professor history of Russia Kabardino-Balkarian state University. H.M. Berberova Nalchik, Kabardino-Balkar Republic, Russia
NATIONAL INTERESTS AND THE DECLARATION OF STATE SOVEREIGNTY OF KABARDINO-BALKARIA
The national question is connected practically with all spheres of life of a society and can be dictated by problems of social and economic, political and cultural-ideological development of the people. Its final solution seems impossible, since every historical stage pushes new objective challenges in the sphere of national development. In this regard, it is obvious that there are no universal ways to solve them. However, the above does not mean that the national question can not be kept within a civilized framework. One of the important and indispensable conditions for this is an objective and comprehensive study of the national question at different stages of national historical development.
Within the framework of the new post-Soviet Russian statehood, the national question has been transformed and has found new facets of its manifestation in the subjects of the federation. Taking into account the above-mentioned circumstances, the aim of the research is to consider the process of adopting the Declaration of Sovereignty of Kabardino-Balkaria in the conditions of democratization of the country's socio-political life.
To achieve this goal, the following research tasks were set: for the first time, a comprehensive analysis of all submitted drafts of the Declaration; Determine the share of the manifestation of national "egoism" by project developers, which will reveal their conflict potential.
The methodological basis of the study is the principles of historicism (the consideration of phenomena and events in interrelations and interdependence in a concrete historical situation and in chronological order), objectivity (the desire to make research credible and the principle of systemicness (events and phenomena of the past are regarded as links in one system).
Analysis of the research problem led to the following conclusions: in the context of the general crisis and the weakening of the system of central and republican power, the national movements of Kabardino-Balkaria took the initiative in their own way to express and realize their national interests; The Russian-speaking population of the republic during the period under review played a role of a deterrent in the ethnopolitical opposition of "titular" peoples.
Key words: Kabardino-Balkaria, Declaration, sovereignty, project, national movements, statehood, self-determination, ethno-elite.
J.S. DZHANTEEVA manager of department of socio-political researches, Cand. Sci (Hist.), associate professor, Karachay-Cherkess institute of humanitarian researches, Cherkessk, Karachay-Cherkess Republic, Russia
SUBJECTS OF ETHNOPOLITICAL COMMUNICATIONS AS AGENTS OF THE STATE NATIONAL POLICY
Attention is focused on a communicative entity of the power and a role of subjects of ethnopolitical communications in implementation of national strategy. The empirical method revealed the factors defining efficiency of interaction of the power and society in the context of a natsiyestroitelstvo in North Caucasus federal district.
Key words: ethnopolitical communications, media, state national policy, public administration, North Caucasus.
M.M. GADZHIEV Associate professor of philosophy and socio-political sciences of the Dagestan State University, candidate political nauk, of Makhachkala, Russia
ENSURING THE UNITY OF THE SOCIETY IS A PRIORITY OF THE STATE NATIONAL POLICY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION (ON THE MATERIALS OF THE REPUBLIC OF DAGESTAN)
In this article, the author turns to the study of a topic that is extremely topical for modern Russia, the implementation of national politics and interethnic relations. The main priority directions of the state national policy of the Russian Federation are considered. Particular attention is paid to the experience of the Republic of Dagestan in resolving complex issues of the development of national policy in the polyethnic region.
Key words: socium, national policy, interethnic relations, Republic of Dagestan, unity.
D.V. PERKOVA Candidate of Political Sciences head of the press center of the National Union of Political Scientists, Moscow, Russia
A.N. KHUDOLEEV Executive Secretary of the Commission on information support of the state national policy Soviet under the President of the Russian Federation for interethnic relations, Moscow, Russia
INFORMATION SECURITY AND COMBATING EXTREMISM IN THE CONTEXT OF IMPLEMENTING THE STATE NATIONAL POLICY
This article examines the possibility of counter-informational provocations and extremist movements arising on the basis of inter-ethnic relations and ethno-cultural identity, including social networks and the role of national-cultural associations and tools for the implementation of the Strategy of state national policy of Russia until 2025 to work in this direction.
Key words: ethnic groups, extremism, regions of Russia, national policy, information security.
А.V. VYSOTSKIY PhD (political sciences), working for a doctorate degree at the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and State Service, Deputy editor-in-chief of scientific journal "Eurasian Union: Problems of International Relations", Moscow, Russia
TO THE QUESTION OF MECHANISMS FOR THE RESOLUTION OF ETHNIC CONFLICTS IN THE CONTEXT OF IMPLEMENTATION OF THE STATE NATIONAL POLICY
In the article, the author analyzes mechanisms for the prevention and settlement of ethnic conflicts in the regional dimension. He notes the importance of monitoring conflicts that arise on ethnic grounds, for their timely prevention.
Key words: national policies, mechanisms, resolution, conflict, inter-ethnic relations, stability.
Z.D. DIBIROV The president of the Interregional social organization «Dagestan», Russia, Vladimir
SOME ISSUES OF INTERACTION BETWEEN MIGRANTS AND REPRESENTATIVES OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION REGIONAL NATIONAL AND CULTURAL ASSOCIATIONS
The article analyzes the experience of national-cultural associations in the Russian regions in the field of adaptation and integration of migrants in the "host society", forms of interaction with the local population, the types of activities and prospects in this direction.
Key words: migrants, national policy, national-cultural associations, integration, adaptation, regions of Russia.
POLITICAL PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES
M.F. MAGADIEV PhD (sociology), associate Professor at the Chair of public administration and national security, Institute for Law and National Security of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and State Service, Moscow, Russia
A.N. PUZEVICH post-graduate student, Chair of General History and International Relations, Ryazan State University named after S. A. Yesenin, Ryazan, Russia
PATRIOTISM AS A PROBLEM OF MODERN RUSSIAN YOUTH AND LEVEL OF ITS DEVELOPMENT
The article discusses the value and current status of patriotic education of youth in the Russian Federation. Proceeding from the analysis of several sources and statistical data, the authors assess the level of patriotism among the younger generation at the present stage. The second part of the article is devoted to the main problems, the overcoming of which can have a significant impact on raising the level of patriotism among Russian youth.
Key words: modern Russian youth, patriotism, the index of patriotism, national security, patriotic education, spiritual values, morality, Russian Federation.
E.A. DANILOVA PhD in political science, the senior research associate, the leading expert of the Center of science, technologies and education development in the field of defense and safety of the state at TGU, National research Tomsk state university, Tomsk, Russia
SEARCH OF THE RUSSIAN IDEA AND FORMALIZATION OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION NATIONAL BRAND IDENTITY
The article raises the questions of search of the Russian idea in the present period of globalization. Characteristic cultural and political features of a state distinguish it from the other states, allocate with global competitiveness and reflect its identity which can make a basis of the Russian Federation national branding strategy. The Russian idea expresses the program of the movement of the nation forward based on the general values and development of the strategic directions according to national interests. The global geopolitical environment including the conflicts in the Middle East and in Ukraine which included Russia defines conditions of national identity awareness need for mass consciousness of Russians and its formalization in line with forming of the Russian Federation national branding strategy. Historically and in modern conditions the identity of the Russian Federation national branding consists in innovative development of national defense industry complex. The national brand of Russia represents the strong defensive capable state having military power and global influence on the international scene. Implementation of the Russian Federation national branding strategy regarding representation of innovative technologies, products and actors of domestic defense industry complex corresponds to national internal political and foreign policy tasks and partly reveals sense of the Russian national idea. Compliance to the social request of citizens and to national interests of the state, and also really functional innovative capacity of defense industry complex confirms opportunity of realization of the Russian Federation national branding strategy on the basis of the defense industry developed competences as reflecting national identity and filling the Russian idea in the conditions of the present.
Key words: national branding, national idea, the Russian idea, brand identity, defense industry complex, innovations.
R.A. MAMASADYKOV Director of the anti-terrorism center of the SCNS of the Kyrgyz Republic, Bishkek, Kyrgyz Republic
EXTREMISM AS AN ESSENTIAL ELEMENT OF TERRORISM
In the article the author examines the political aspects of the problem of terrorism. He analyzes various approaches to the study of the phenomenon of political extremism and studies the relationship between political conflict and political extremism.
Key words: political conflict, extremism, terrorism, approach, definition, essence.
V.I. KLIMCHUK postgraduate student at the Chair of national and federative relations, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russia
CHANGES IN THE POLITICAL SITUATION DUE TO THE COMING PRESIDENTIAL ELECTIONS IN RUSSIA IN 2018
In the article, the author analyzes transformations taking place in the Russian society on the eve of the presidential elections in Russia in 2018.
Key words: elections, President of the Russian Federation, Vladimir Putin, management, state power.
R.М. ILYASOV post-graduate student, junior researcher at the CCU of the Yamalo Nenets Autonomous Okrug Center for the Study of the Arctic, Salekhard, Russia
THE MODERN SCIENTIFIC VIEW ON THE POLITICAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE NORTHERN SEA ROUTE
This article discusses the politicization of the Northern Sea Route (NSR), which in some ways is a new space for foreign and domestic policy. The aim of the article is an analytical review and storage for research groups and scientific fields of papers dedicated to political analysis of the Northern Sea Route. Through factor analysis and comparative method as a result was observing trends of political discourse. In article were traced the problems hindering search for optimal policy decisions in the promotion of Russian interests and their subsequent consolidation in international laws. In the article describes influence of global processes on intercontinental potential of the NSR as well as that this influence shifts it to the periphery of the global communications.
Key words: The Northern Sea Route, new political space, Post-Soviet studies.
INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN EXPERIENCE
E.T. MEHDIEV candidate of sciences (history), researcher at the Center for post-Soviet studies, Institute of international studies, MGIMO-University of the Ministry of Foreign Relations, Moscow, Russia
A.V. RENARD-KOKTYSH post-graduate student at the Chair of political theory, MGIMO-University of the Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs, Moscow, Russia
VALUE THE ISLAM EXPERIENCE FOR THE EEU
The Eurasian Economic Union was initially designed in accordance with the European liberal model of "four freedoms", that cannot be realized today because of the sanctions reality. It must be stressed that the long-term functionality of such model is controversial because it started to cause failures also within the EU. Islamic model can be suggested as one of the substantial alternatives to the above concept because it consistently implements the principle of justice. The article is an attempt to analyse how values are associated with economic prosperity, how they structure the social organism and which model ensures a greater degree of fairness in the redistribution of resources.
Key words: Eurasian integration, globalization, the Eurasian Economic Union, Islamic finances, Islamic economics, international economic relations.
Z.M. KURBONOVA Candidate of political sciences, Doctoral candidate of Institute of Philosophy, Political Sciences and Law named after A.Bahouddinov of the Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tajikistan, Dushanbe, Republic of Tajikistan
TO THE QUESTION OF THE CONTEMPORARY CONDITION TAJIK-UZBEK RELATIONS
The border’s problem of the Central Asian region is sharply on the agenda of the countries, for it is closely intertwined with unresolved border issues and enclave. To succeed in resolving these problems, it is necessary to come to a constructive conclusion for becoming to a certain compromise. After the election of the new president, there is more willingness and goodwill in Uzbekistan to solve the protracted issue, because difficult relations with neighbors aggravate economic problems.
Key words: Tajikistan's borders, watershed issues, Tajik-Uzbek border, negotiation process, enclaves of the region, territorial disputes.
E.F. AIDYNBEKOV Graduate student at State University of management Of the Department Public administration and political technologies Leading specialist of Department of academic mobility and visa support, international cooperation Department, Russian State social University, Moscow, Russia
FOREIGN EXPERIENCE IN THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE RESETTLEMENT POLICY
This article discusses the state migration policy of foreign countries, in terms of resettlement of compatriots living abroad, as one of directions of this policy. Presents an overview of the integration mechanisms of immigrants. Conducted comparative analysis of foreign experience, the Russian program of resettlement of compatriots, as well as the possibility of borrowing the best practices in the implementation of the migration policy of Russia.
Key words: immigration policy, migration policies, migrant, compatriot, immigration, foreign experience, migration.
THAN HUU TKHAN Post-graduate student at the Chair of Political Analysis and Management, Russian People’s Friendship University, Vietnam
CORRUPTION AS A THREAT OF NATIONAL SECURITY IN VIETNAM
Vietnam is considered a country with a serious problem of corruption. In this article, the author analyses consequences caused by corruption on national security in the economics, political, social, cultural and ideological aspects, as well as national defense and foreign affairs in Vietnam. Based on that, some recommendations have been given to develop an effective anti-corruption policy with an aim to reduce and repel corruption that is raging in this country at present.
Key words: corruption, anti-corruption policy and national security.
D.V. ZADORKIN post-graduate student, Department of national and federative relations of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russia
RUSSIAN COMMUNITY IN THE BALTIC STATES: CAUSES OF DISCRIMINATION
The purpose of this study was to evaluate and to draw attention to the humanitarian problem and the political situation in the countries of the Baltic region after the collapse of the Soviet Union. Another purpose was to consider the issue of infringement of the rights Russian-speaking population in Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia in political and historical discourse. The author also made an attempt to analyze an imposed myth about the occupation of the Baltic republics by the Soviet Union and to compare the national policies of the Baltic States with other countries of the world. The article examines policy of the Baltic republics in respect of the Russian-speaking population at the present stage, and also throughout the 20th century. Political interests here are implemented by flirting with the national feelings of the people, as the most accessible and primitive way in winning votes. Russians live in the Baltic for quite a long time, but Russia should not forget about its compatriots and should pay more attention to the infringement of the rights of the Russian-speaking people abroad.
Key words: the Russian-speaking population, linguistic minority, ethnic minority, population, infringement of rights, discrimination, the titular nation, Latvia, Estonia, Lithuania, language policy, citizenship, the USSR.
V.R. YANAKOVA post-graduate student at the Chair of sociology of international relations, Sociology Department, Moscow State Lomonosov University, Moscow, Russia
FEATURES OF POLITICAL IDENTITY IN RUSSIA AND GREECE
The problem of political identity is extremely relevant in the modern world. The problem of identity and the definition of the grounds for its study are also relevant because of the crisis of the identity of modern man. There are different points of view on the concept of political identity. In the West, political identity is inseparable from the concept of state-nation and national identity. In Russia, political identity is often interpreted as an electoral choice of citizens. In this article, an attempt is made to disclose the concept of political identity as an identity of the national-state community and the collective self – consciousness of its citizens. It is political identity that turns a people or several peoples living in a certain territory into a nation by creating or deepening a common cultural paradigm of thinking, a common set of values, ideals, a common world view. Which, in turn, are precisely those key and fundamental factors that ultimately determine the inseparable link between society and the state. Political identity influences the foreign policy of all modern states. The article examines the political identity of such states as Russia and Greece. Russia appears to be making several choices at once – between integration into European civilization and the desire to preserve itself as an independent center of power, relative isolation and complete openness, an empire and a nation-state. The influence that the Greek political identity has on the behavior of Greece in recent years postpones the foreign policy of the state, since the Greek government seeks to gain EU confidence and renew ties with friendly countries in spite of the crisis.
Key words: political identity, state, collective identity, national state, foreign policy, Russia, Greece.