№ 7 (100), 2023

Scientific Journal “Issues of National and Federative Relations”. Volume 13. Issue 7 (100), 2023

CONTENTS

NATIONAL HISTORY, ETHNOLOGY AND ETHNOGRAPHY

Tokareva E.A. On the Issue of the State of the Modern Historical Narrative
Abrosimov N.S. The Transition of the Bashkir Army to the Side of the Bolsheviks in February 1919 in the Memoirs of Contemporaries and Historiography
Alexandrov S.G. The Role of Internationalist Warriors and their Importance in the Pre-Draft Training of Young People from 1979 to 1990gg. (Using the Example of the Ulyanovsk Region)
Shalagina S.V., Galiullina S.D., Safina E.A., Khasanov T.T. To the Problem of the Dynamics of Natural Reproduction of the Urban Population of the Bashkir Autonomous Socialist Republic after the Second World War (1945-1959)
Bredikhin A.V. Cultural and Philosophical Perception of Eurasian Ideology in Mongolia
Guseinov A.A. Baku Oil as One of the Key Factors of Victory in the Great Patriotic War
Du Guoying, Ren Xinru. The Spread and Acceptance of Soviet Films in China in the 1950s
Kilmamatov R.R. Features of Internal Migration Cossacks-Meshcheryaks in the Southern Urals in the First Half of the XIX Century
Kulikov A.V. The Influence of the Russian Tsarist Government on the Regional Judicial System as Part of the Judicial Reform of 1864
Muzychenko O.A. The Newspaper "Chernigov Gubernskie Vedomosti" as a Source about the Economic Life and Property of the Lower Classes of the Population of Starodub'e in the Post-Reform Period
Myakotin A.A., Kandelaki V.Sh. Work with Citizens' Appeals in the Public Reception of the Deputy of the State Duma of the Russian Federation A.E. Khinshtein
Nagornaya M.A. The Educational Policy Implementation Practice in the Western Siberia Colonized Regions in the Late XIX – Early XX Centuries
Nesterova K.A. Projects of the National and Federal Structure of the Post Revolution "New Russia" in the Legacy of Maxim Vinaver (1862-1926)
Makina A.I. Khakass Traditions of Hunting Assistance
Popovich N.D. Entrepreneurs in the Moscow City Duma (1897-1916): Personnel
Seitumerov R.R. Scientific Concepts for the Development of the Russian Banking System Under Restructuring
Khvastov A.N. Organization of Political Work Among German Prisoners of War In the USSR

HISTORY AND THEORY OF POLITICS

Boltenkova L.F. Regulation of Gender Issues in the Context of Religion (in Multiple Articles). Article Four
Wang Jiaxu. Scientific Content, Main Characteristics and Value Consequences of the New Way of Modernization in the Chinese Style
Dobrynina E.Ya. The "Digital Revolution" and its Consequences for Modernity (Anthony Giddens' View)
Denilkhanov A.K. Transformation of the Concept of «Nationalism» in the Russian Liberal Discourse of the XIX-XXI Centuries

POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES

Ostroukh E.I. Political and Historical Background to Integration of Crimea with the Russian Federation
Zakharov E.A., Gogina L.P. Information Support of the Implementation of Domestic National Policy
Liang Weiyi. "Common Sense Education" in Modern Chinese Education
Guan' Boven'. Cultural Policy of the Russian Federation in the Conditions of Globalization: Current Status and Future Guidelines
Kshov A.S. Comparative Analysis of the Political Programs of the Leading Political Parties of the Modern Russian Federation
Potapov D.V. Changes in the Political Regime in the Context of the Transit Paradigma
Ruzavina A.K. Youth Extremism – Threats and Challenges for Modern Russia

PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND SECTORAL POLICIES

Vlasov M.Ya. Prospects for Atomocity, Individual City and Project City: the Impact of New Concepts on the Future of Urbanization
Mamaeva U.A., Rodionova M.E. Risky Trends in the Development of the Education System in Russia: from Theory to Practice

THEORY AND HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY

Nikulin M.A., Efremenkova A.E., Gavrilkin A.V., Brodskaya E.S. Quantitative Assessment of the Political Views of N. Sarkozy, F. Hollande and E. Macron on the European Vector of French Foreign Policy
Makarov E.P., Kurochkin M.V. Problems of Interaction Between the British Authorities and the Indigenous Peoples of North America after the French and Indian War of 1754-1763
Masoud Mostajeran Gortani, Gabdullin R.R., Rozhenko A.S. Impact of Natural Gas on the Revision of the Concept of Energy Diplomacy of the Islamic Republic of Iran
Turusbekov D.B. The Role and Place of the EAEU in the Foreign Economic Strategy of the Kyrgyz Republic
Starostin A.M., Tovanchova E.N. Crypto Innovations as a Concept and Practical Tool of Modern Terrorism

STUDENT SCIENCE

Aseikin M.M. Role of Non-Governmental Organizations in the Development of Humanitarian Cooperation Between the Russian Federation and the Republic of Azerbaijan
Zinoveva E.N. The Current Agenda of Minor Parties in Germany
Myasnikov D.S., Ermolaeva M.S. The Idealized Image of Xi Jinping as an Indicator of Changes in Narrow Chinese Society: Formation Technologies and Structures in the Mass Media

Our authors № 7-2023

NATIONAL HISTORY, ETHNOLOGY AND ETHNOGRAPHY

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.7.001

E.A. TOKAREVA Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor, Professor of the Department of National History of the Institute of Humanities of the Moscow City University, Moscow, Russia

ON THE ISSUE OF THE STATE OF THE MODERN HISTORICAL NARRATIVE

Studies of the features of the modern blogosphere, which has become one of the ways to spread historical knowledge, are becoming more and more relevant. Participants in the formation of ideas about the history of the country and society today are often not only representatives of the academic community, individual professional researchers, but also creators and authors of blogs.

The purpose of the work is to consider ways of presenting a historical narrative on modern websites, blogs and features of presenting a historical narrative in a modern school textbook. The emphasis on the field of education in the study of historical blogs is necessary and relevant: the historical narrative is included in the public space, including the Internet, which for modern schoolchildren is more attractive than a book, a source of information.

Key words: historical narrative, blogosphere, history textbook, public history.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.7.002

N.S. ABROSIMOV Senior Lecturer, Ufa State Oil Technological University, Department of Philosophy, History and Social Engineering, Ufa, Russia

THE TRANSITION OF THE BASHKIR ARMY TO THE SIDE OF THE BOLSHEVIKS IN FEBRUARY 1919 IN THE MEMOIRS OF CONTEMPORARIES AND HISTORIOGRAPHY

The article is devoted to the analysis of the events of the transition of the Bashkir army to the side of the Soviet power. The purpose of the article is a comprehensive study of the fact of the transition of the Bashkir troops to the side of the Bolsheviks. The article uses personal diaries and memoirs of red political and military figures. In addition, decrees and correspondence from Moscow and local politicians. The orders and appeals of the opposite side, the local white military leaders, are also covered. Summing up the opinions of contemporaries about the described event, the author proceeds to consider the historiographical aspect of the problem. The largest contemporary works are also mentioned. This article is intended to trace the dynamics of changing opinions about the transition of the Bashkir units to the side of the Red Army. The study showed that the policy of the white movement in relation to the idea of autonomism of indigenous peoples played an important role in the event.

Key words: Civil war, Bashkurdistan, A.-Z. Validov, red, white, national politics.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.7.003

S.G. ALEXANDROV Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University, Ulyanovsk, Russia

THE ROLE OF INTERNATIONALIST WARRIORS AND THEIR IMPORTANCE IN THE PRE-DRAFT TRAINING OF YOUNG PEOPLE FROM 1979 TO 1990GG. (USING THE EXAMPLE OF THE ULYANOVSK REGION)

The purpose of the article is that, on the basis of archival materials, to analyze the priority areas of public organizations formed from participants in the Limited Contingent of Soviet Troops in Afghanistan from 1979 to 1990. Participants in the limited contingent of Soviet troops in Afghanistan were equated with participants in hostilities. Military-patriotic events, paramilitary games with the participation of pre-conscription youth were developed and implemented with the active participation of the Afghans. At the same time, party-state local authorities actively nominated internationalist soldiers for a leading and political career both through the Komsomol and the local party district committee, and the solution of social issues of internationalist soldiers had an educational aspect. This study is modern, in connection with the conduct of SVO on the western borders of our state.

Key words: Soviet army, Afghanistan, society, servicemen, authorities, social and domestic support, warrior-internationalist, pre-conscription youth, public organizations, participant of hostilities, social benefits, military-patriotic events, paramilitary games.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.7.004

S.V. SHALAGINA Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor Department of International Relations, History and Oriental Studies Ufa State Oil Technical University, Ufa, Russia

S.D. GALIULLINA Doctor of Historical Sciences, Head of Department international relations, history and oriental studies of the Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia

E.A. SAFINA Senior Lecturer at the Department of International relations, history and oriental studies of the Ufa State Petroleum Technological University, Ufa, Russia

T.T. KHASANOV Postgraduate student of the Department of International Relations, History and Oriental Studies of the Ufa State Oil Technical University, Ufa, Russia

TO THE PROBLEM OF THE DYNAMICS OF NATURAL REPRODUCTION OF THE URBAN POPULATION OF THE BASHKIR AUTONOMOUS SOCIALIST REPUBLIC AFTER THE SECOND WORLD WAR (1945-1959)

The article deals with some problems of natural reproduction of the population of the Bashkir Soviet Socialist Autonomous Republic in the post-war period of the last century. Archival sources were studied, on the basis of which historical and statistical calculations of the natural reproduction of the population of Bashkortostan were made in the analyzed years. The nature of the national demographic policy of the Soviet state is revealed on the example of the territorial boundaries of the Republic of Bashkortostan. The legal documents that predetermined the goals, objectives and priorities of support and protection of motherhood and childhood in the USSR are analyzed. The article attempts to comprehensively study the sources and channels, the specifics of the reproductive behavior of the population of Bashkiria. The features and dynamics of birth rate growth in the republic are studied. The main trends of social development, including regional ones, which had a special impact on the birth rate in the region, were identified. The subordination of the studied processes to the state policy of the USSR is shown. An approach is applied that assumes and is based on the disclosure of historically determined components that determined the specifics of birth rates in the territory of the Bashkir Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic. Also in the center of attention and analysis are the totality of historical phenomena that were of great importance in relation to their influence on reproductive processes. Based on the analysis, the author's conclusion was formulated about the general historical patterns and trends in the development of population reproduction processes in the BASSR and pronounced regional features arising from the specifics of qualitative changes in reproductive practice that occurred in the context of the evolutionary and revolutionary demographic development of the republic's population.

Key words: birth rate, natural reproduction, population, reproductive practice, political power, age category, demographic indicators, children, statistical data, political and legal events.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.7.005

A.V. BREDIKHIN Institute of China and Modern Asia of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Candidate of Historical Sciences, Researcher at the Center "Russia, China, the World", Moscow, Russia

CULTURAL AND PHILOSOPHICAL PERCEPTION OF EURASIAN IDEOLOGY IN MONGOLIA

In this article, special attention is paid to the problem of the development of the movement of Eurasianism: the main features and genesis are described. A unique feature of this movement is noted, which is manifested in the Asian component of the ethnic system of the Russian Federation. Within the framework of the research work, the traditional view of the Mongolian yoke as an important component of the historical basis of Russia is revised, special attention is paid to the culture and philosophy of modern Mongolia.

Key words: Mongolia, Eurasianism, Mongolian studies, culture, philosophy.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.7.006

A.A. GUSEINOV Master, applicant for the degree of candidate of sciences Faculty of History of Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia

BAKU OIL AS ONE OF THE KEY FACTORS OF VICTORY IN THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR

During the hostilities of 1941-1945. The Soviet Union showed its true power and greatness. Citizens of the USSR demonstrated true heroism, patriotism and selflessness in the struggle for the freedom and independence of their country. The working people were united by the Communist Party and inspired to fight against Nazi Germany. The people's strength, power and desire to win were fully revealed during the war. One of the manifestations of the great Soviet patriotism and heroism was the exploits of the workers of the Azerbaijan SSR, while the leading place among them was occupied by oil workers. They were in key sectors of the labor front and played a major role in the development of the oil industry, which ultimately had a positive impact on the country's economy. In connection with the foregoing, the author of this article made an attempt to scientific analysis and critical understanding of the role of Baku oil as one of the key factors for victory in the Great Patriotic War.

Key words: Azerbaijan during the Second World War, the role of Azerbaijan in the victory over fascism, Baku oil as a factor in the Victory, the contribution of Azerbaijani workers to the Victory, the labor front of the Azerbaijan SSR.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.7.007

DU GUOYING Doctor of Letters, School of Foreign Languages, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin, China

REN XINRU Postgraduate student of Harbin Polytechnic University, Harbin, China

THE SPREAD AND ACCEPTANCE OF SOVIET FILMS IN CHINA IN THE 1950S

At the beginning of the founding of New China, it faced important cultural construction tasks. As one of the important art forms, movies have received high attention from the Chinese government. Soviet films have become the object of study and exchange in China, and are praised as the model and direction of socialist cultural construction in new China. New China has taken various measures, combined with the needs of national political life, to introduce and promote Soviet films, and carried out various film cultural exchange activities. Using movies as a medium, the two countries have established a relationship of mutual attraction and development, jointly forming a new culture of the world.

Key words: New China, Cultural Construction, Film, Soviet film, cultural exchange, policy support, Socialist film industry.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.7.008

R.R. KILMAMATOV Intern-researcher of the Scientific and auxiliary Department of accounting and storage of funds R.G. Kuzeev Institute of Ethnological Research – OSP of the Ufa Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ufa, Russia

FEATURES OF INTERNAL MIGRATION COSSACKS-MESHCHERYAKS IN THE SOUTHERN URALS IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE XIX CENTURY

In this historical and ethnological study, first of all, on the basis of archival materials from the funds of the National Archive of the Republic of Bashkortostan, as well as materials of a political, legal, statistical nature and the works of scientists of the XIX-XXI centuries, the problem of internal migration is considered on the example of the Cossacks-Mescheryaks – in connection with the frontier modernization of the Southern Urals and with the specifics of the military-the service status of this ethnic group of the population. The author, using a comparative analytical method, studied and compared the causes of internal migration during the cantonal period of administration in the province, when the authorities made a particularly strict accounting of all movements of representatives of service groups of the population. A systematic approach made it possible to consider the problem under study as an integral phenomenon and to identify the nuances of the procedure for obtaining permits for relocation, characterizing the features of the service and lifestyle of the Cossack Meshcheryaks.

Key words: Serving Mishars/Mishars, Cossacks-Mescheryaks, internal migration, military service status, cantons, cantonal system of administration, regimentation, frontier status.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.7.009

A.V. KULIKOV Graduate student in the Department of History Ulyanovsk State Ulyanov Pedagogical University, Ulyanovsk, Russia

THE INFLUENCE OF THE RUSSIAN TSARIST GOVERNMENT ON THE REGIONAL JUDICIAL SYSTEM AS PART OF THE JUDICIAL REFORM OF 1864

In this work, an attempt was made to reveal the features of the judicial reform of 1864, carried out by the tsarist government, which fundamentally changed the judicial system, procedural and partly material law of the Russian Empire. It should be noted that democratic transformations in Russia, unlike other countries, were carried out selectively and did not concern all areas of the country's political life. The principles that in other countries received the right to exist only as a result of revolutions and found legislative consolidation in constitutions were proclaimed in Russia at the initiative of the government and for the first time legislated not at the constitutional level, but by judicial charters of 1864 – legislative acts that have reformed the judicial system and legal proceedings.

Key words: reform of Emperor Alexander II, internal policy of the government, restriction of democratic principles, institutions of judicial reform, foundations of the state system, legal proceedings, counter-reforms, judicial bodies, judicial cases, district courts, justices of the peace.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.7.010

O.A. MUZYCHENKO Postgraduate student of the Department of Russian History of the Middle Ages and Modern Times, State University of Education, Mytishchi, Russia

THE NEWSPAPER "CHERNIGOV GUBERNSKIE VEDOMOSTI" AS A SOURCE ABOUT THE ECONOMIC LIFE AND PROPERTY OF THE LOWER CLASSES OF THE POPULATION OF STARODUB'E IN THE POST-REFORM PERIOD

This article analyzes the content of newspaper announcements from the "Chernigov Gubernskiye Vedomosti", which was the official periodical of the Chernigov province of the Russian Empire. These announcements give a detailed description of the property and economy of the deceased people and debtors of Starodub'e. This information is important for study everyday life of the region.

The purpose of the study is to investigate the features of the economic life and property status of the lower classes of the Starodub'e in the post-reform period.

The article is based on the principles of historicism and scientific objectivity and was written using a microhistorical approach.

As a result of the study, it was revealed that the economic life and property of the population of Starodub'e differed depending on the class and place of residence. Merchants were in the most advantageous financial position. The philistines and Cossacks, in turn, owned one land plot with various buildings, including a vegetable garden, arable land and a garden. The peasantry of Starodub'e was in the most unfavorable property situation, having a land plot as their only value.

Key words: Gubernskie Vedomosti, periodicals, everyday life, Chernihiv province, Starodubye, peasants, philistines, merchants, Cossacks.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.7.011

A.A. MYAKOTIN Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor, Department of World History, international relations and documentation, Faculty of History of the Samara National Research University named after. Ak. S.P. Korolev, Samara, Russia

V.Sh. KANDELAKI Student of the Faculty of History, Samara National Research University. Ak. S.P. Korolev, Samara, Russia

WORK WITH CITIZENS' APPEALS IN THE PUBLIC RECEPTION OF THE DEPUTY OF THE STATE DUMA OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION A.E. KHINSHTEIN

The article discusses the organization and technology of office work on citizens' appeals in the Public Reception of the Deputy of the State Duma of the Russian Federation A.E. Hinshtain. Methods were used to collect data: analysis of official documents of the organization (including accounting databases, statistical reporting), oral interview of employees, observation, photo of the working day. The specific and quantitative composition of documentation, methods and technologies of working with it, organization of statistical work on appeals, staffing of office work are characterized. Attention is focused on the shortcomings of the office management system and the possibilities of its optimization. In the public reception of A.I. Khinshtein, the general office work and work with citizens' appeals are not organizationally separated; part of the correspondence is registered together with the appeals. Incoming documents are registered in a "single stream"; it is advisable to introduce a separate registration of petitions, appeals of legal entities and foreign citizens. There are no organizational, legal and planning documents in the deputy reception: instructions for general and special office work, the nomenclature of cases; job descriptions have not been updated for more than 8 years. The following improvement measures are proposed: development and updating of local regulations, introduction of functional specialization of employees, changing the methodology of statistical analysis of citizens' appeals.

Key words: citizens' appeals, office work, deputy's reception, documented information, local regulatory act, information technology, statistical analysis.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.7.012

M.A. NAGORNAYA Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor Department of Humanitarian Disciplines of the Omsk Institute of Water Transport (branch) of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Siberian State University of Water Transport", Omsk, Russia

THE EDUCATIONAL POLICY IMPLEMENTATION PRACTICE IN THE WESTERN SIBERIA COLONIZED REGIONS IN THE LATE XIX - EARLY XX CENTURIES

The article identifies the Russian Empire educational policy main directions and principles regarding to the colonized Western Siberia regions population. The main attention is paid to the government practical activities in the educational policy implementation sphere among the region migrants. The factors influencing its implementation effectiveness in the context of the migrants placement and adaptation in new places are identified.

Key words: imperial space, Western Siberia, educational policy, peasant migration, migrants.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.7.013

K.A. NESTEROVA Competitor of the Department of Source Studies, specialist in educational and methodological work of the Department of the History of Russia in the XX-XXI centuries of the Faculty of History of Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

PROJECTS OF THE NATIONAL AND FEDERAL STRUCTURE OF THE POST REVOLUTION "NEW RUSSIA" IN THE LEGACY OF MAXIM VINAVER (1862-1926)

Ethnic issues in Russia became particularly acute with the outbreak of the First World War and, complicated by the revolution and civil war, became a key problem for the country after 1917. There is still a certain gap in modern historiography in obtaining personalized knowledge about the liberal, failed forms of organization of post-revolutionary Russia, about the authors and their ways of reunifying the territories of the former multinational Russian Empire, based on the new principle of relations between peoples within a single state. In this article, the author made an attempt to reconstruct the views and ideas of a prominent liberal politician and lawyer of the early 20th century, a cadet and deputy of the first State Duma Maxim Moiseevich Vinaver, on the national question and on the question of the federal structure of the "new Russia" after the revolutions of 1917. Little-known sources that contain the views of the politician: materials of the Commission of the Special Conference for the preparation of a draft regulation on elections to the Constituent Assembly, reports and reports within the framework of political emigrant organizations, articles by M.M. Vinaver, as well as transcripts of the Cadet congresses are introduced in scientific circulation. The politician worked on drafting the device of the "new Russia", taking into account the "painful" needs of each nationality, and also put into practice his juridical and political experience. As a result of the development of his most optimal ideas about new forms of communication between different territories within one state, he called the federation, as a form of government, a compromise option. The author made some conclusions about the role of M.M. Vinaver for understanding the international situation at the beginning of the 20th century, about the intrastate interethnic relations of the center of the country with its periphery, and about the utopianism of M.M. Vinaver and the Cadets regarding the creation, on the basis of the broadest expression of the will of the people, of a state where various peoples and nationalities would voluntarily unite again around its center after the revolutionary upheavals that led to the collapse of the Russian Empire.

Key words: national question, M.M. Vinaver, federal structure, Russian Federation, Treaty of Brest-Litovsk, Constituent Assembly, national-cultural autonomy, federalism.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.7.014

A.I. MAKINA Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Fundamental Medicine, Khakas State University after N.F. Katanov», Abakan, Russia

KHAKASS TRADITIONS OF HUNTING ASSISTANCE

The archaic stage of the formation of social work is characterized by the existence of forms of assistance and mutual assistance in traditional societies of different peoples, including in the field of household activities. Household forms of assistance and mutual assistance among the Khakas covered all types of management, including fishing activities. The purpose of the study: to identify the existence of forms of assistance and mutual assistance in the traditional Khakass society during hunting. Objectives of the study: to characterize hunting as a commercial activity among the Khakass; to analyze some Khakass customs of assistance and mutual assistance in hunting. Research methods: systematic and comparative analysis. The period under study: the second half of the XIX – early XX centuries. The results of the study: in the traditional Khakass society, in order to help relatives and members of the territorial community, there were traditions aimed at helping in fishing activities, in particular in hunting. These traditions made it possible to provide food for members of the hunting artel, as well as members of their families, to accustom the younger generation to fishing activities, the mysteries of hunting, which favorably influenced the life of the traditional Khakass society. Conclusions: the identification of the existence of traditions of economic assistance and mutual assistance in fishing activity determines the existence of a system of social assistance and support in the traditional Khakassia society, the archaic stage of the formation of social work as a social institution in the Republic of Khakassia.

Key words: mutual aid, hunting, assistance, fishing, clan, tribal community, territorial community, Khakassia, Khakass ethnos.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.7.015

N.D. POPOVICH Graduate student Moscow City University, Moscow, Russia

ENTREPRENEURS IN THE MOSCOW CITY DUMA (1897-1916): PERSONNEL

The article presents the participation of entrepreneurs in the Moscow City Duma (next referred to as «Mosgorduma») in pre-revolutionary period. The research of this problem is important for us because modern Russian entrepreneurship has a noticeable impact on development of the country (especially on the capital) and same situation was in the late XIX – early XX century, when the standard of living and improvement of Moscow were depended from local city government: for example, the development of transport or other priority issues. Our task is to analyze what role the business community played in the work of Mosgorduma: how many entrepreneurs were elected as deputies, who were these entrepreneurs and who among them had the most influence. For answer on these questions we learned the materials of the fund in the Central State Archive of Moscow – «Moscow City Duma and Uprava (1870-1917)». On their base we formed the registry with the entrepreneurs, who participated in the work of government authority during twenty years until the revolution in 1917 (or for the five terms of «Mosgorduma»).

Key words: Entrepreneurs, Moscow City Duma, convocations, deputies, social group, dynasties.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.7.016

R.R. SEITUMEROV Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University, Ulyanovsk, Russia

SCIENTIFIC CONCEPTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE RUSSIAN BANKING SYSTEM UNDER RESTRUCTURING

In the article, the authors tried to impartially analyze scientific research on the development of the country's banking system in modern conditions and came to the conclusion that there is no study combining the analysis of all aspects and results of the state policy pursued in relation to the country's banking system, which once again emphasizes the relevance of this article.

Key words: capital, loss, bankruptcy, banking institutions, assets, shares, credit and financial policy, economists, criticism, socio-economic consequences, banking system.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.7.017

A.N. KHVASTOV Adjunct of the Prince Alexander Nevsky Military University of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

ORGANIZATION OF POLITICAL WORK AMONG GERMAN PRISONERS OF WAR IN THE USSR

This article examines the system of organizing political work among German prisoners of war in the USSR during World War II. A brief analysis is conducted of the measures taken to mobilize political support and involvement of German prisoners of war in ideological struggle. The article highlights various methods used for persuasion and propaganda, including the establishment of anti-fascist clubs, political lectures, and propaganda events.

Key words: army, Great Patriotic War, World War II, education, captivity, propaganda, prevention, Soviet Union, international humanitarian law.

HISTORY AND THEORY OF POLITICS

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.7.018

L.F. BOLTENKOVA Doctor of Law, Professor, Moscow, Russia

REGULATION OF GENDER ISSUES IN THE CONTEXT OF RELIGION (IN MULTIPLE ARTICLES) Article Four

In the article, taking into account the growing trend of disregard for spiritual and moral values in the field of sex, the religious (Christian) foundations of sexual policy, philosophical and theological views on this issue are revealed, and proposals are formulated for regulating the problems that have arisen and are being formulated.

Key words: Constitution, Bible, God, God's Commandments, gender, man, woman, family, bisexuality, legislation.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.7.019

WANG JIAXU Senior Lecturer оf Heilongjiang University, China Postgraduate Student, Department of Political Science, Institute of History and Politics, Moscow Pedagogical State University, Moscow, Russia

SCIENTIFIC CONTENT, MAIN CHARACTERISTICS AND VALUE CONSEQUENCES OF THE NEW WAY OF MODERNIZATION IN THE CHINESE STYLE

In today's transforming realities, modernization concepts that determine the formats for the development of developed and developing states are of particular importance. The new Chinese-style modernization path is of great importance in this context, as it forms models that are an effective alternative to other previously dominant mechanisms of state renewal and development. The scientific understanding of this path is relevant, as it allows us to identify its key components and form its holistic vision, which can become the basis for the practical adaptation of the principles of Chinese-style modernization in other states. The purpose of the article is to determine the scientific content, characteristics and values of Chinese-style modernization. Its novelty lies in the academic understanding of Chinese-style modernization and the identification of its unique components such as comprehensiveness, independence, its folk and scientific character, allowing its principles to be applied in the developing states of the modern world.

Key words: Modernization, New Chinese style upgrade path, Communist Party of China.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.7.020

E.YA. DOBRYNINA Postgraduate student of the Department of philosophy of politics and law, Faculty of Philosophy, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

THE "DIGITAL REVOLUTION" AND ITS CONSEQUENCES FOR MODERNITY (ANTHONY GIDDENS' VIEW)

The article focuses on the concept of the digital revolution as interpreted by Anthony Giddens. In Giddens' works, one can find not only studies devoted to deep transformations of the socio-political space but also an analysis of changes in the status of knowledge, ways of its further reproduction in a situation where the potential for the development of society has become determined by the amount of use, processing and dissemination of information. The article attempts to identify and describe the characteristic features of the new stage of modernity, as well as to clarify the relationship between the concepts of modernity and digital society.

Key words: digital society, information society, digital revolution, theory of modernity, modern society.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.7.021

A.K. DENILKHANOV Cand. Sci. (Political Sciences), Assoc. Prof., Department of Philosophy of Politics and Law, the Faculty of Philosophy, Lomonosov Moscow State University; Assos. Prof., Lomonosov MSU Business School, Moscow, Russia

TRANSFORMATION OF THE CONCEPT OF «NATIONALISM» IN THE RUSSIAN LIBERAL DISCOURSE OF THE XIX-XXI CENTURIES

The rapidly developing events on the world stage and the new challenges caused by them require an appropriate response to them from not only the public authorities, but also the scientific community, perhaps even a revision of what seemed to be well-established theoretical positions, concepts and definitions. Today's collisions have caused the need for a new look at such a phenomenon as «nationalism». This, at first glance, an obvious concept has caused conflicting interpretations in society. The question suddenly and sharply arose: «Is this concept connected with national identity»? It became necessary to understand why nationalism arises as an extreme expression of national feeling, sharply aggravated in conflict situations. In a word, there is an obvious need to comprehend a whole range of problems related to the inevitability of determining personal attitudes and behavior in complex historical circumstances and processes. Since these problems are quite capaciously posed in the public consciousness, they have to be considered precisely in a wide range: patriotism – nationalism – xenophobia. In this regard, as a basic task, it is necessary to understand the attitude of the liberal worldview of the modern Russian society of acute conflicts of our time, which are frankly ideological in nature. Are there any attempts at a conceptual answer to these difficult questions? How did liberal leaders treat such situations and how do they treat them now? Of course, within the framework of this article, it is only possible to outline the contours of urgent problems and offer material for discussion. The concept of «nationalism» has been filled with new content over time and requires semantic analysis in accordance with the system of values that dominates the political agenda in this period.

Key words: nationalism, liberalism, patriotism, internationalism, national self-determination, ethnic nationalism, civic nationalism.

POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.7.022

E.I. OSTROUKH Postgraduate student of the Department of Political Science Donetsk State University, Russia, Donetsk; postgraduate student of the Department of Russian Politics of the Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia

POLITICAL AND HISTORICAL BACKGROUND TO INTEGRATION OF CRIMEA WITH THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

The article discusses the political and historical foundations for the entry of Crimea into the Russian Federation. The main stages of the formation of regional identity and local patriotism in Crimea are traced, the history of the region is analyzed in the context of its political and cultural connection with Russia. The author comes to the conclusion that not only historically, but also symbolically, the peninsula has always been associated with the Russian state, which largely contributed to the success of the integration of Crimea with the Russian Federation after 2014.

Key words: Crimea, integration, regional identity, local patriotism, referendum, civilization.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.7.023

E.A. ZAKHAROV Master's student of the Educational program "Journalism and media technologies" IGSU RANEPA, Moscow, Russia

L.P. GOGINA Candidate of Philology, Associate Professor of the Department of Business and Political journalism IGSU RANEPA, Moscow, Russia

INFORMATION SUPPORT OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF DOMESTIC NATIONAL POLICY

The study presents a brief historical excursion into the development of the national ideology of the Russian Federation; the retrospective approach ends with an appeal to a modern legislative act that regulates complex ethnic interactions in modern Russia. On the example of the activities of specific information portals, the leading role of the media in social mediation in establishing the cultural identification of Russian ethnic entities is considered; special attention is paid to the "Decrees ..." of the current president of the Russian Federation in the field of strengthening and regulating the national policy of the country. The central place in the study is occupied by the analysis of cooperation between information systems and the Federal Agency for Nationalities of the Russian Federation, regarding which specific statistical data are given. The conclusion is made about the importance of promoting ethnic identification through the media in a multinational and multi-confessional state.

Key words: national idea, national policy, FADN RF, "House of Peoples" RF, ethnic group, interethnic relations, VGTRK media holding, disclaimer, national propaganda.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.7.024

LIANG WEIYI Postgraduate student of the Higher School of Cultural Policy and management in the humanitarian sphere (faculty) Moscow State University M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia

"COMMON SENSE EDUCATION" IN MODERN CHINESE EDUCATION

The curriculum in the Chinese class is very rich, but mainly liberal arts and sciences, which increase the number of students. In recent years, the proportion of accidents among Chinese students has been getting higher and higher. As a researcher in the field of education, whether the responsibility lies with the school or not, the school should maintain a humanitarian spirit to reflect and correct. Therefore, common sense education should be included in the list of core courses, like other cultural courses, so that students can fully master social common sense, life common sense, and natural science common sense before entering society, and better develop all-round talent towards healthy development that meets the needs of society.

Key words: common sense education, talent training, learning content, all-round talent, win-win education.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.7.025

GUAN' BOVEN' Postgraduate, Higher School of Cultural Policy and Management in the Humanities, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

CULTURAL POLICY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION IN THE CONDITIONS OF GLOBALIZATION: CURRENT STATUS AND FUTURE GUIDELINES

This study analyzes the contemporary cultural policy of the Russian Federation in the context of globalization. The author gives a brief description of the globalization process in terms of the negative impact of Western countries, as well as international economic cooperation with an emphasis on cultural development. The article also defines the features of the culture of the Russian Federation, as well as the activities carried out by the state in order to resist the imposed liberal values. As a result, it was found that the formation of the cultural policy of the state is carried out on the basis of the social and cultural values of society, which have been formed throughout the history of the country. At the same time, cultural policy also consolidates their content, and also creates mechanisms for their preservation and transmission to future generations. The latter, i.e. mechanisms, should include the formation of the attitude of society and the state to the social and cultural values of Russia, as well as the formation of economic and organizational meters for the preservation and transmission of these values to future generations in their original form, undistorted by the globalization process, in which Currently, there is a liberalization of views and leveling of traditional values.

Key words: Russia, culture, politics, globalization, landmark, state.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.7.026

A.S. KSHOV Postgraduate student of the Pyatigorsk State University, Pyatigorsk, Stavropol territory, Russia; chairman of the Regional branch in the Stavropol territory of the political party "Party of progress", Mineralnye Vody, Stavropol Territory, Russia

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE POLITICAL PROGRAMS OF THE LEADING POLITICAL PARTIES OF THE MODERN RUSSIAN FEDERATION

Introduction. Political parties are the leading public political institutions seeking to influence all spheres of society. The programmatic and functional success of a political party depends on the preferences of the electorate, which, in turn, depends on how representative and relevant the political program of a particular party is. The political program is considered as the main component of the ideological and functional complex of a political party. In this regard, a comparative analysis of the political programs of the leading political parties of the modern Russian Federation is of interest, since it allows differentiating the differences and similarities of political parties in their vision of the future of the political system and their place in it, as well as clarifying the similarities and differences of their positions on the main problems of Russian society.

Purpose and objectives. The purpose of this work is to compare the provisions of the current political programs of the leading political parties of the modern Russian Federation. The tasks of this work include: 1) identify the criteria of the leading political party; 2) identify the blocks of comparative analysis; 3) conduct a comparative analysis of political programs with the identification of differences and similarities in program documents.

Methods. The achievement of the research goal and the successful resolution of the tasks set were carried out using the methods of political analysis. The content and discourse analysis of the following political programs was carried out: "The People's Program of United Russia", "The Program of the Communist Party of the Russian Federation".

Results. As a result of the study, it was possible to compare the main program provisions of United Russia and the Communist Party, as well as to identify their differences and similarities.

Conclusions. The current political programs of the leading political parties of the modern Russian Federation, with some contradictions, are generally conventional in nature, primarily due to common goals and program provisions in the social and cultural spheres.

Key words: political program, political party, leading political parties, program slogans, social state, nationalization, ideology, ideological and functional programming.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.7.027

D.V. POTAPOV Postgraduate student of the Institute of Social and Political Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences Institute for Socio-Political Research RAS, Moscow, Russia

CHANGES IN THE POLITICAL REGIME IN THE CONTEXT OF THE TRANSIT PARADIGMA

In the article, based on the statistical material of changes in political regimes in various countries of the world from 1900 to 2022, the indices of democracy and autocracy are analyzed. The introduction presents the features of the transit of political regimes. The purpose of the article was to assess the changes in political regimes in the period under review. The objectives of the article were to study changes in democracies and autocracies and transitions from one political regime to another. The results showed that in the last 10 years, the transition from democracies to autocracies has increased on all continents, especially in Africa and Asia. 80% of democracies will end if this dynamic of autocracies continues.

Key words: autocracy, democracy, political regime, transit of political regimes.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.7.028

А.K. RUZAVINA Senior Lecturer at the Novosibirsk State University of Economics and Management, Novosibirsk, Russia

YOUTH EXTREMISM – THREATS AND CHALLENGES FOR MODERN RUSSIA

The article examines the causes of escalation of youth extremism in modern Russia in the conditions of special military operation in Ukraine, and a set of measures implemented by state authorities to counteract the involvement of young people in extremist activities. At the beginning of the work, we justify the relevance of the topic of research – the spread of extremism among young people as a category of citizens most exposed to destructive influence from the outside. The author analyses extremist crimes in recent years and compares growth of such crimes. We examine the statistical data submitted by sociological services of Russia which reflects the dynamics of protest moods development in the country against the background of special military operation. The article shows separate manifestations of extremism related to the current political situation in the state. Thus, the article contains materials of official legal services of the state, on the basis of which the author analysed specific cases of criminal practice in various regions of Russia. This data supports the author's opinion on the emergence and development of new forms and types of extremism among young people under conditions of new social reality in the state caused by a special military operation. As a result of reviewing the materials for this paper, we formulated substantiated conclusions on the current state and development of extremism among young people, and proposed recommendations regarding the prevention and neutralization of this type of threat to the security of the Russian Federation at the present stage of development.

Key words: extremism, youth extremism, terrorism, countering extremism, threats, special military operation, Russia.

PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND SECTORAL POLICIES

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.7.029

M.Ya. VLASOV Postgraduate Student, Department of History and Theory of Politics, Faculty of Political Science, Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Russia, Moscow

PROSPECTS FOR ATOMOCITY, INDIVIDUAL CITY AND PROJECT CITY: THE IMPACT OF NEW CONCEPTS ON THE FUTURE OF URBANIZATION

This scientific article examines the prospects of Atomic cities, Single-industry towns and Project cities in the context of the urbanization of the future. The article analyzes the advantages and limitations of each concept, and also examines their impact on the economy, ecology and social sphere. Such aspects as sustainable energy, innovation, risk management, social integration and citizen participation are considered. The article discusses the importance of creating a favorable investment environment, tourism development and attracting international projects within the framework of these urban concepts. In addition, the article emphasizes the role of state regulation and public-private partnership in the successful implementation of promising urban projects. The conclusion emphasizes the importance of an integrated approach to urbanization, taking into account economic, environmental and social aspects.

Key words: Atomgrady, Single-industry towns, Projectgrady, urbanization, economy, ecology, social sphere, sustainability, innovation, risk management, social integration.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.7.030

U.A. MAMAEVA Candidate of Science in History, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Political Sciences, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

M.E. RODIONOVA Candidate of Science in Sociology, Associate Professor, Ph.D., Associate Professor of the Department of Political Sciences, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

RISKY TRENDS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE EDUCATION SYSTEM IN RUSSIA: FROM THEORY TO PRACTICE

The sustainable development of the country (social, economic and scientific) depends on education. The purpose of the study is to identify risk-related trends in the functioning and development of education in Russia. The authors identified priority areas of educational state policy, presented an analysis of the practical implementation of reforms at various levels of education, and also identified risk-related trends and new opportunities for the system. Currently, the field of education is the most important source of resources for the formation of a new economy and society, has a high competitiveness and affects the national security of any state. This article will be of interest to students, employees of higher educational institutions, as well as university teachers in the field of humanities.

Key words: education system, public policy, human capital, risks in education, risk management.

THEORY AND HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.7.031

M.A. NIKULIN Candidate of Historical Sciences, Assistant of Department of Theory and History of International Relations, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia

A.E. EFREMENKOVA Student of Peoples' Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba, Moscow, Russia

A.V. GAVRILKIN Student of Peoples' Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba, Moscow, Russia

E.S. BRODSKAYA Student of Peoples' Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba, Moscow, Russia

QUANTITATIVE ASSESSMENT OF THE POLITICAL VIEWS OF N. SARKOZY, F. HOLLANDE AND E. MACRON ON THE EUROPEAN VECTOR OF FRENCH FOREIGN POLICY

The article is devoted to the quantitative assessment of the political views of N. Sarkozy, F. Hollande and E. Macron on the european vector of french foreign policy by conducting a content-analysis of the speeches of the three presidents on the occasion of the opening of the annual Conferences of Ambassadors. During these Conferences, the presidents set the vector of the work of modern french diplomacy, voice the priorities and tasks of foreign policy in changing geopolitical space. In the course of the study the authors come to the conclusion that in the framework of changing geopolitical space in the international arena the idea of "gaullism", whose adherents were the presidents considered in the article, has acquired a new form, and therefore the priority directions of the state's foreign policy have undergone appropriate adjustments.

Key words: foreign policy, content-analysis, French diplomacy, quantitative assessment, politics of the Fifth Republic, Conference of Ambassadors.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.7.032

E.P. MAKAROV Candidate of Historical Sciences, associate Professor of the department Philosophy, social sciences and humanities, Samara State Technical University, Samara, Russia

M.V. KUROCHKIN Candidate of Historical Sciences, associate Professor of the department General history, law and teaching methods, Samara State Social and Pedagogical University, Samara, Russia

PROBLEMS OF INTERACTION BETWEEN THE BRITISH AUTHORITIES AND THE INDIGENOUS PEOPLES OF NORTH AMERICA AFTER THE FRENCH AND INDIAN WAR OF 1754-1763

The study is focused on the analysis of the military-political situation in the North American colonies of Great Britain that developed after the end of the French and Indian War of 1754-1763. A separate analysis is the relationship between the military-political, trade-financial and socio-economic components of British colonial policy, in relation to the gradual deterioration of stability between the authorities of the metropolis and the political elite and the political nation of the British colonies of North America.

Key words: French and Indian War, indigenous peoples, Indian tribes, Great Britain, North America, colonial policy.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.7.033

MASOUD MOSTAJERAN GORTANI Postgraduate student of the Department of Global Studies, Faculty of Global Processes, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

R.R. GABDULLIN Candidate of Geological and Mineralogical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Global Studies, Faculty of Global Processes, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

A.S. ROZHENKO Student of the Department of Corporate Governance and Innovation of the Higher School of Management of Plekhanov Russian University of Economics, Moscow, Russia

IMPACT OF NATURAL GAS ON THE REVISION OF THE CONCEPT OF ENERGY DIPLOMACY OF THE ISLAMIC REPUBLIC OF IRAN

The purpose of this work is to determine the necessary changes in the energy (namely gas) diplomacy of the Islamic Republic of Iran due to a number of economic, political and strategic factors. The main objectives of this study are to explore the present geostrategic position of Iran and its closest neighbors in the Middle East, to consider the approaches to gas diplomacy used by the Islamic Republic at the moment, to analyze opportunities and threats to the realization of the national interests of the state in question, to form strategic proposals that take into account the current conditions of the regional energy equation. In this study, the meta-analysis technique is actively used to solve the questions posed. In addition, classical methodological tools such as synthesis, deduction, etc. are also used. As the main result of the study, it was found that Iran has faced the possibility of expanding its influence in the region through the proper use of its own geographical location. The strategic solution is to start purchasing natural gas from neighboring countries, such as Turkmenistan, Azerbaijan and Qatar, and become a transit hub between energy producers and consumers in the Middle East. However, in addition to the opportunity that has opened up, the Islamic Republic faces an acute threat of a shortage of gas resources for the realization of its own national interests. In this regard, the revision of Iran's energy policy is not a choice, but an indisputable necessity.

Key words: energy diplomacy, natural gas, opportunity, export, import.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.7.034

D.B. TURUSBEKOV Director of the Organizational Support and Protocol Department of the Eurasian Economic Commission, Moscow, Russia

THE ROLE AND PLACE OF THE EAEU IN THE FOREIGN ECONOMIC STRATEGY OF THE KYRGYZ REPUBLIC

The article provides a retrospective analysis of Kyrgyzstan's foreign trade activity after joining the Eurasian Economic Union, highlights the features of changes in the sectoral structure of trade, and shows the country's preferences for export activity. The advantages of participation in the EAEU, such as the elimination of customs and tariff restrictions, a free labour market, preferential access to investment and transport development, are highlighted separately. The identified disadvantages include potential risks to the Kyrgyz economy due to the presence of larger economies in the EAEU and, consequently, a possible decrease in the competitiveness of domestic industries, as well as restrictions on decision-making rights in matters under the authority of the EAEU. The study details the objectives of Kyrgyzstan's participation in the Eurasian Economic Union, as well as the interim results to date. The analysis is based on statistical data from the Eurasian Economic Commission, the supranational regulatory body of the EAEU.

Based on the results of the study, the author concludes that Kyrgyzstan (just like other states of the Eurasian Economic Union) is interested in further development and intensification of a coordinated foreign economy policy within the framework of the integration association, which is necessary for the progressive development of trade and economic and, consequently, political ties between its members. A coordinated foreign policy of the EAEU states will make it possible to overcome economic heterogeneities within the Union and make its economic space more transparent and homogeneous. Another important conclusion of the article is the thesis that membership in the EAEU objectively contributes to increasing the international weight of the Kyrgyz Republic, improving its image in the international arena and, as a consequence, better and more active promotion of its national interests on a regional and global scale. The diversification of the EAEU's foreign economic relations is also of great importance – in particular, Kyrgyzstan supports the Union's initiative to establish a free trade zone with Iran, and in the future – with other members of the international community.

Key words: Eurasian Economic Union, foreign policy, Kyrgyz Republic, economic integration, trade relations, foreign economic strategy of the Kyrgyz Republic.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.7.035

A.M. STAROSTIN Doctor of Political Sciences, Professor, Leading Researcher, RGEU (RINH), Rostov-on-Don, Russia

E.N. TOVANCHOVA Ph.D. polit. Sciences, Associate Professor Rostov State University means of communication (RGUPS), Rostov-on-Don, Russia

CRYPTO INNOVATIONS AS A CONCEPT AND PRACTICAL TOOL OF MODERN TERRORISM

The article analyzes the phenomenon of crypto-innovations: innovations used in a closed register of socio-political activity and subsequent tasks to provide a political, economic, social advantage to the subject-owner in the competitive struggle. The classification of the most large-scale areas of application is given, the threats and risks of crypto-innovations are shown. The authors dwell in detail on the analysis of the features of the use of crypto-innovations in the information and communication field of activity.

Key words: national security, innovation activity, NBICS-converging paradigm, crypto-innovation, state terrorism, crypto-currencies, cryptographic services, transparency, restrictiveness.

STUDENT SCIENCE

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.7.036

M.M. ASEIKIN Master student of the department of foreign regional studies and international cooperation of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

ROLE OF NON-GOVERNMENTAL ORGANIZATIONS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF HUMANITARIAN COOPERATION BETWEEN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION AND THE REPUBLIC OF AZERBAIJAN

In this work, the author presents a detailed analysis of the current state of humanitarian cooperation between Azerbaijan and the Russian Federation, as well as explores possible directions for future development of this cooperation. The main research tools employed in the study are the up-to-date results of the annual monitoring of friendly communication regimes between the countries in 2022, which help reflect the current situation of cooperation between Russia and Azerbaijan. The work analyzes the practical activities of non-governmental and non-profit organizations in Azerbaijan and their influence on the state and development of relations between Azerbaijan and Russia. Special attention is given to the role of Western countries in humanitarian cooperation with Russia and Azerbaijan. The role of Western organizations as a potential source of financing for humanitarian programs implemented by Russian and Azerbaijani organizations is examined. The author of the work indicates that the experience of Western countries can be valuable for Russia and Azerbaijan in establishing effective work of their own non-governmental and non-profit organizations within the framework of humanitarian cooperation. The interaction between the organizations of these countries will lead to significant achievements in humanitarian cooperation, as Western non-governmental and non-profit organizations can complement the activities of Russian and Azerbaijani organizations, enhancing the positive effects of this cooperation. Thus, this work offers a comprehensive analysis of the influence of Western non-governmental and non-profit organizations on the humanitarian sector of Azerbaijan and describes the current state and potential directions for the development of cooperation in the context of relations with Russia.

Key words: non-governmental organizations, non-profit organizations, humanitarian sector, international cooperation, humanitarian cooperation, humanitarian relations, humanitarian projects, humanitarian programs, foreign policy, soft power.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.7.037

E.N. ZINOVEVA Student of the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences Of Peoples' Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba, Moscow, Russia

THE CURRENT AGENDA OF MINOR PARTIES IN GERMANY

This article defines the concept of a minor party in the context of the party system of the Federal Republic of Germany. The fundamental features and peculiarities of minor parties are analyzed. The classification of the largest minor parties in Germany according to the ideological platform is proposed. The article examines the political agenda of minor parties in Germany, that is reflected in their election programs, at the present stage. The views of the parties on issues of both foreign and domestic policy of the state are investigated. It is concluded that currently fragmentation of the German party system and its shift to the right on the political spectrum is observed, which could affect the results of regional elections in the future.

Key words: German party system, political agenda, minor parties, Bundestag, European Parliament, Landtag.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.100.7.038

D.S. MYASNIKOV Student Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia

M.S. ERMOLAEVA Student Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia

THE IDEALIZED IMAGE OF XI JINPING AS AN INDICATOR OF CHANGES IN NARROW CHINESE SOCIETY: FORMATION TECHNOLOGIES AND STRUCTURES IN THE MASS MEDIA

In the context of globalization and increased competition between states in various fields, one of the important factors is the image of political leaders personifying certain countries. As one of the largest economic and political powers in the world with a rich culture and history, China seeks to secure high prestige for itself by attracting the attention of the international community to achieve certain goals. The idealized image of the leader, used in China for quite some time by many political figures at the head of the country, plays an important role in this process, as it can help strengthen the authority of the state and leadership, as well as increase public confidence in the government.

Therefore, the study of the need to identify and study the technological features of the formation of an idealized image of a leader in the political communication of modern China is of particular scientific and practical relevance, since it is thanks to political and communication technologies that it is possible to create the image of a strong and authoritative leader – Xi Jinping, who is at the head of the Communist Party and is trying to maintain social and political stability.

Key words: Xi Jinping, China, internal politics, mass media, Chinese society, political and communication technologies, CCP, idealized image.

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