№ 10 (91), 2022

Scientific Journal “Issues of National and Federative Relations”. Volume 12. Issue 10 (91), 2022

CONTENTS

NATIONAL HISTORY, ETHNOLOGY AND ETHNOGRAPHY

Ushmaeva K.A., Tereshchenko O.V., Bondarenko Yu.V., Goncharov A.S. Mentality Reflection of Cossacks of the Kuban and Stavropol In Military-Descriptive and Historical Songs
Borduchenko Yu.L., Zuev A.V. Historical Experience and Problems of Training Teacher for Navigational Educational Institutions of the Russian Empire at the Beginning of the XX Century
Pashkin A.G. The Civilian Population of the Middle Volga Region of the USSR and its Fight Against Crime During the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945
Goncharov A.S., Makarova O.S., Novitskaya A.V., Markosyan G.E. «This is what the World Need During these Times». The Idealism Paradigm in Formulations of the Nobel Prize for Literature (Awards for 1901-2021)
Chekulaev N.D., Idrisov Yu.M. Kizlyar: the Formation and Development of the City in the Science of the Caucasian Policy of Russia in the 18th – Early 19th Centuries
Goncharenko O.N., Filimonova N.V. International Interaction of Local Peoples and Estonian and Latvian Migrants in the Tyumen Region
Tomina E.F. Estate Composition of the Zemstvo in the Orenburg Province
Aliyeva L.V., Tulimonas A.N. The Church in the Life of Peaceful Rural Population in the Occupied Territory of the Pskov Region During the Great Patriotic War
Sedov S.V. The Activity of the Cotton Fabric Factory «Emil Zuendel» During the First World War
Tojidinov F.Q. Some Aspects of the Formation of the Kokand Khanate
Perehozhikh S.A. The Leaders of the Moscow City Committee of the CPSU During the Years of "Perestroika" 1985-1991
Vinogradova M.A. Historiographic Aspect of the Organization of Psychiatric Care in the Russian Empire in 1861-1905
Kokhanov D.F. The Formation of Military Education in the Russian Empire
Gabitov A.A. Soviet Snipers: Results Of The Work Of The Soviet Youth Delegation To The Usa In 1942
Gorokhov V.M. Investigation of the Origin and Authenticity of the "Protocols of Interviewing Witnesses of the Atrocities of the Nazi Occupiers in the Zmievskaya Beam of Rostov-on-Don in 1942"
Priest Lavrov D. Scientific and Theological Monographs in the Journal "Tomsk Diocesan Gazette" (1880-1917)

HISTORY AND THEORY OF POLITICS

Boltenkova L.F. Hymn to the Lord God (Philosophical and Religious Research in Several Articles). Article Ten
Gataullina I.A. Pre – Et – Protohistory: on the Question of the Ideological Basis of Engineering Ethics

POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES

Ravochkin N.N. Import of Political and Legal Institutions: Problems and Search for Ways to Overcome (Part 2)
Budaeva D.Ts., Vasilyeva S.V., Fedirco O.P. Civil and Ethnic Identity of Student Youth of the Republic of Buryatia
Vnuk V.K. BRICS as an Institution of the Emerging Multipolar System of the World
Akhpatelov B.R. On the Issue of Reforming Federal Relations in Russia

POLITICAL REGIONALISTICS. ETHNOPOLICY

Voronina L.I., Malkova V.D. State Policy to Support the Native Languages of the Peoples of the Russian Federation: Current Status and Problems
Zhao Dongxu. Impact of the Military Operation in Ukraine on Military and Political Cooperation Between the Russian Federation and the People's Republic of China

PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND SECTORAL POLICIES

Furman F.P., Krasilnikov S.V. Political Aspects in the Organization of Countering Extremism by Internal Affairs Bodies
Fefelov V.A. New Methods of Use of Material Capital for Solving the Objectives of Demographic Policy

THEORY AND HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY

Syzdykova Zh.S. On the Question of Studying the History of the Kokand Khanate
Xiong Leping, An Luyang. Global Security Initiative in the Context of China's Foreign Policy
Pliev S.M., Kulumbegova L.T., Sanakoev I.B., Smolik N.G. The Zar Tragedy as Part of the Genocide by Georgia Against the Ossetian Population of South Ossetia
Smidovich G.S. Adaptation and Integration of Migrants in the Modern Legislation of the Russian Federation
Kenigfest L.S. Historical Memory as a Component of the "Soft Power" of Political Relations and Dialogue Between the Cultures of Israel and Russia
Levin D.S. Features of Relations Between China and the United States in the Field of High Technology from 2018 to 2021
Mikhalevich E.A. The Chinese Concept of Cyber Sovereignty as a Method of Neutralizing Threats of Malicious Use of Artificial Intelligence and Ensuring Psychological Security
Turdikulov O.T. International Cooperation as a Factor of Internationalization of Higher Education in Uzbekistan

STUDENT SCIENCE

Kostina A.D., Ilinskaya K.R., Pakhmutov N.D. The Belt and Road Initiative: its Essence and Development
Myasnikov D.S., Manapov S.Sh., Simakova V.K. Modern World Globalization: Phased Development and Prospects
Nikitina A.A. Perspective Communication in International Relations on the Example of Strategy Foreign Policy of Japan
Bakanina D.A., Baranova Y.V., Leonova A.A. Science Diplomacy as a Tool for the Integration of China, Japan and the Republic of Korea Into the Arctic Region

CONFERENCES

Ishankhodzhaeva Z.R., Syzdykova Zh.S. Digital Transformation of Science and Education

Our authors № 10-2022

NATIONAL HISTORY, ETHNOLOGY AND ETHNOGRAPHY

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.91.10.001

K.A. USHMAEVA Doctor of Historical Sciences, associate professor, Professor of Department of Socio-Economic and Humanitarian Disciplines, Stavropol branch of the Krasnodar University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Stavropol, Russia

O.V. TERESHCHENKO Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor of Department of Socio-Economic and Humanitarian Disciplines, Stavropol branch of the Krasnodar University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Stavropol, Russia

YU.V. BONDARENKO Candidate of Sociological Sciences, lecturer at the Department of State and civil law disciplines, Stavropol branch of the Krasnodar University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Stavropol, Russia

A.S. GONCHAROV Bachelor, laboratory researcher, Stavropol State Pedagogical Institute, Stavropol, Russia

MENTALITY REFLECTION OF COSSACKS OF THE KUBAN AND STAVROPOL IN MILITARY-DESCRIPTIVE AND HISTORICAL SONGS

This article is devoted to the study of the relationship of the military mentality of the Cossacks, who lived in the cultural regions of the Kuban and Stavropol in the late XVIII-XIX centuries. The relevance of the study is due to the need to rethink the diachronic aspect of the analysis and hermeneutics of the folklore of the sociocultural communities of the Russian Empire in the context of the history of mentalities and the directly diachronic approach. The practical significance of the study is expressed in the possibility of using its results in the practice of searching for song forms of self-consciousness of the Kuban and Stavropol Cossacks, when working with modern official organizations involved in the restoration of the cultural heritage of the Cossacks of the North Caucasus. In the methodological aspect, the results of the study can be used at the level of a higher educational institution, conducting classes in historical and linguistic disciplines. Scientific novelty lies in a new look at the properties and principles of functioning of the folklore of the Kuban-Stavropol Cossacks in the context of the development of unique cultural and axiological concepts of military mentality. In the framework of this study, we use historical methods and methods of folklore. The results of the study testify to the indexation of independent folklore in the second half of the XIX century, with the predominance of traits of heroism and social solidarity of the Cossacks.

Key words: Stavropol, Kuban, Cossacks, mentality, folklore, creativity, intrahistory.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.91.10.002

Yu.L. BORDUCHENKO Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor, senior researcher at the Institute of Problems transport named after N.S. Solomenko of the Russian Academy of Sciences, St. Petersburg, Russia

A.V. ZUEV Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor Department of Private Law of the State University sea and river fleet named after Admiral S.O. Makarova, St. Petersburg, Russia

HISTORICAL EXPERIENCE AND PROBLEMS OF TRAINING TEACHER FOR NAVIGATIONAL EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS OF THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE AT THE BEGINNING OF THE XX CENTURY

The problematic issues of training the teaching staff for nautical educational institutions of the Russian Empire at the beginning of the 20th century are considered. The article is the first work on the history of nautical education in the field of training future teachers of nautical educational institutions in Russia. At the beginning of the 20th century, the formation of the legal framework for the production of tests and the issuance of certificates for the right to teach subjects of the maritime specialty in maritime educational institutions. Attention is drawn to the peculiarities of the work of the “pedagogical courses” organized at the St. Petersburg School of Distant Navigation of Emperor Peter I. Four graduations that trained teachers for nautical educational institutions are analyzed. It is noted that the First World War, which broke out in 1914, interrupted the work of pedagogical courses. It is concluded that "pedagogical courses" no longer resumed their work, and after the October Revolution of 1917, other forms of training teachers of nautical educational institutions were found.

Key words: training, teaching staff, maritime educational institutions, Main Directorate of Merchant Shipping and Ports, Department of Merchant Shipping, Educational Committee, Russian Empire.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.91.10.003

A.G. PASHKIN Candidate of Historical Sciences, Director of the State Archive of the Contemporary History of the Ulyanovsk region; doctoral student of the Department of History of the Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University named after I.N. Ulyanov, Ulyanovsk, Russia

THE CIVILIAN POPULATION OF THE MIDDLE VOLGA REGION OF THE USSR AND ITS FIGHT AGAINST CRIME DURING THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR OF 1941-1945

The article presents the results of the analysis of the experience of organized involvement of the local population in the process of suppression of criminal crime. The study was conducted on the example of the Middle Volga region of the USSR, which during the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945 was a single economic region. The particular importance of reducing the number of crimes was due to the fact that in wartime the central authorities of the USSR, as well as the largest defense industrial enterprises, were concentrated in the cities of Kuibyshev and Ulyanovsk. Due to the large personnel losses in the police, the authorities called on the public to help prevent crimes. On the territory of the Middle Volga region, police assistance brigades and public order protection groups functioned, which had the right not only to monitor the observance of public order, but also to detain criminals. The total number of such public formations in the Middle Volga region was over 30 thousand people. The security functions in rural areas were assumed by the people's militia detachments and specially created fighter battalions, the number of which was several tens of thousands of people. Membership in these public organizations was voluntary. Each member of such an organization took a course of juridical training, physical, combat and drill training. The result of the mobilization of the civilian population to counteract crime was a relatively calm criminal situation, as well as a decrease in crimes against the person compared to the pre-war period.

Key words: USSR, Middle Volga region, criminal crime, police.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.91.10.004

A.S. GONCHAROV Bachelor, laboratory researcher, Stavropol State Pedagogical Institute, Stavropol, Russia

O.S. MAKAROVA Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, associate professor, Stavropol State Pedagogical Institute, Stavropol, Russia

A.V. NOVITSKAYA Candidate of Philological Sciences, associate professor, North Caucasian Federal University, Stavropol, Russia

G.E. MARKOSYAN Candidate of Philological Sciences, associate professor, North Caucasian Federal University, Stavropol, Russia

«THIS IS WHAT THE WORLD NEED DURING THESE TIMES». THE IDEALISM PARADIGM IN FORMULATIONS OF THE NOBEL PRIZE FOR LITERATURE (AWARDS FOR 1901-2021)

This article is devoted to the study of the history (microhistory) of the change in the paradigm of idealism on the example of the wording of the Nobel Prize in Literature, which includes two philosophical models – the idealism of Antiquity, the Renaissance and the generally accepted understanding of idealism in art and literature of the XX century. The relevance of the topic is due to the growing interest in the achievements of writers and poets of the world community, in conditions where creativity and self-education, self-development become, according to D.L. Bykov, «everyone's business». The search for consolidating ideas that can unite the world in modern geopolitical conditions determines the practical significance of the study. The interdisciplinary nature of the article implies the use of microhistory, new cultural history and linguistic methods. Comparative historical lexicology can help in studying the signs of correlation in the understanding of humanism by the actors of the era and directly by the members of the Nobel Committee. Defining the main markers for the concept of «idealism», we rely on its philosophical, literary, contextual and generally accepted meanings. This approach is able to provide the best understanding of both the wording of the nominations and the peculiarities of the authors' work in historical discourse. The results of the study reveal the synthesis of the philosophy of idealism and humanism as the most important and iconic attributes, consolidating elements that can be traced in the history of the Nobel Prize in Literature from 1901 to 2021.

Key words: paradigm, idealism, humanism, creativity, literature, motif, symbol.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.91.10.005

N.D. CHEKULAEV Institute of History, Archeology and Ethnography of Dagestan Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Makhachkala, Russia

YU.M. IDRISOV Cand. Sci. (History), Lecturer-guide of the Daghestan nonprofit foundation “Historical Park ‘Russia – My History”, Makhachkala, Russia

KIZLYAR: THE FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE CITY IN THE SCIENCE OF THE CAUCASIAN POLICY OF RUSSIA IN THE 18TH – EARLY 19TH CENTURIES

The article reveals the conditions for the emergence of the city of Kizlyar, the formation of its unique ethno-cultural image. As shown by the authors, the city was formed by various ethnic communities, but in the course of interaction it acquired a common specificity, due to its place in Russian politics on the southern borders. The city played an outstanding role in the process of political, economic and ethno-cultural rapprochement between the peoples of the North Caucasus and Russia.

Key words: Kizlyar, Caucasian politics, ethno-cultural rapprochement of peoples.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.91.10.006

O.N. GONCHARENKO PhD in History, Associate Professor of the State Agrarian University of the Northern Trans-Urals, Tumen, Russia

N.V. FILIMONOVA Teacher MAOU Vikulovskaya secondary school No. 2 – Department Kotochigovskaya school – Kindergarten, Tumen, Russia

INTERNATIONAL INTERACTION OF LOCAL PEOPLES AND ESTONIAN AND LATVIAN MIGRANTS IN THE TYUMEN REGION

The article is devoted to the actual topic of our time: interethnic interaction between the local peoples of the Tyumen region (before the 1917 revolution of the Tobolsk province) and immigrants from among Estonians and Latvians. The research methodology is based on a historical approach. The authors, using the “oral history” method, specified the main areas of interaction between Russians and the Baltics who migrated at the beginning of the 20th century, who had the greatest influence on the cultural and economic relations of old-timers and newcomers. These areas include: economic activity – the exchange of agricultural, construction technologies and household assistance; education – maintaining the importance of both the national language and the need to study the Russian language; culture – the preservation of national traditions and rituals, as well as the interpenetration of cultures, which made it possible to strengthen the system of social relations in the region. The authors state that from the moment of the appearance of immigrants from among Latvians and Estonians and throughout the entire twentieth century, there was tolerance, mutual understanding and mutual respect of local and alien peoples. The authors come to the conclusion that the historical experience of intercultural interaction between Russians and settlers is important in establishing cultural and political ties in the modern world.

Key words: migrants, Estonians, Latvians, Tyumen region, international interaction, culture, economic activity.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.91.10.007

E.F. TOMINA PhD (Pedagogical), Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of History of the Orenburg State University, Orenburg, Russia

ESTATE COMPOSITION OF THE ZEMSTVO IN THE ORENBURG PROVINCE

At the beginning of the XXI century, due to serious socio-political changes in our country, the issue of the organization of local self-government and the study of its historical experience in Russia is being actualized. The processes of the emergence and functioning of local self-government bodies in Russia are very complex, ambiguous and therefore require a comprehensive study.

The purpose of this study is to trace how elections to zemstvo vowels took place in the Orenburg province in zemstvo institutions, how the work of the first zemstvo assemblies in the province was carried out.

The objective of the study is to establish the composition and role of various segments of the population in the activities of the Orenburg Zemstvo. For its implementation, it was necessary to study the documents extracted from the funds of the United State Archive of the Orenburg region. A special place is occupied by the arrays of published materials of the periodical press of the beginning of the XX century: "Orenburg Zemstvo case", "Orenburg provincial Vedomosti", "Orenburg life". They reflect the daily activities of zemstvo institutions, their appeals to the population, reports on activities and much more.

The methodological potential of the research includes a set of principles and methods of historical science: the principle of historicism occupied an important place; comparative historical, retrospective methods.

Ultimately, it is necessary to conclude that the viability of the zemstvo was ensured by self-government. Local authorities tried to independently create a management structure, elect governing bodies, determine the main directions of their activities, etc.

But they were not allowed to fully reveal their potential.

Each of their steps, such as the election of vowels, was strictly controlled, corrected, and quite often simply suppressed.

Key words: Orenburg province, zemstvo council, zemstvo institutions, elections, zemstvo assemblies, Zemstvo vowels.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.91.10.008

L.V. ALIYEVA Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of National and Universal History, Pskov State University, Pskov, Russia

A.N. TULIMONAS Master's student of the Faculty of History of Pskov State University, Pskov, Russia

THE CHURCH IN THE LIFE OF PEACEFUL RURAL POPULATION IN THE OCCUPIED TERRITORY OF THE PSKOV REGION DURING THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR

This work is devoted to an urgent topic – the assessment of the place of the church in the life of the rural population of the Pskov region under Nazi occupation. The article examines the memories that testify to the revival of religious life and its significance for people during the war. For the first time, the testimonies of eyewitnesses of the Great Patriotic War about religious life collected during the expedition are published, which confirm the memoirs of participants of the Pskov Orthodox Mission published abroad. The picture of church life is supplemented with information from the diary of the priest, who did not interrupt his church activities during the period when the Pechora Region became part of Estonia.

Key words: theology, diary, Great Patriotic War, Orthodox Church, everyday life, wartime, Pskov Region.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.91.10.009

S.V. SEDOV Graduate, Moscow City University Institute of Humanities, Department of Russian History, Moscow, Russia

THE ACTIVITY OF THE COTTON FABRIC FACTORY «EMIL ZUENDEL» DURING THE FIRST WORLD WAR

This article is devoted to the activities of the textile factory «Emil Zuendel» during the First World War. The subject of the author's attention was an enterprise that was not directly specialized on the supply of the army. This example illustrates the situation in wartime conditions of those industries that overwhelmingly continued to produce products for the civilian population, and the share of defense orders and, accordingly, state support were insignificant for them. The article will give a brief overview of issues related to the reduction of labour force due to military draft, the opening of non-core industries to meet the urgent needs of the army, the shortage of raw materials, fuel and transport crises. Archival materials from the fund of the Central Government Archive of Moscow, containing the office documentation of the board of the partnership of the cotton manufactory «Emil Zuendel», were used for the study. Throughout the war, the factory maintained its focus on civilian consumption. At the same time, a third of the enterprise's productivity was still aimed at supplying the army with the necessary textile products, and in addition to specialized activities, the production of shells was established. Due to the lack of cotton, the lack of fuel and the delivery issue due to the congestion of the railways, the production of the manufactory decreased by 3-4 times. However, despite the crucial problems the factory faced in wartime, the plant management was able to maintain the production process until the complete upset of the country's economy at the end of 1917 and the nationalization of the enterprise after the Bolsheviks came to power.

Key words: textile industry, First World War, mobilisation, militarization, Emil Zuendel.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.91.10.010

F.Q. TOJIDINOV PhD student Institute of Asian and African Studies, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

SOME ASPECTS OF THE FORMATION OF THE KOKAND KHANATE

The article discusses the problems associated with the emergence of the Kokand Khanate. It is noted that both internal reasons in the Bukhara Emirate contributed to this, namely the weakening of the central government, as well as external factors, in particular the invasion of the Dzungars, and then the strengthening of Qing China. The role of Kokand as one of the key links of the Great Silk Road passing through the Fergana Valley is emphasized. It is concluded that during the period of the highest heyday, the Kokand Khanate was the largest state in Central Asia.

Key words: Kokand Khanate, Ferghana, dynasty, power.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.91.10.011

S.A. PEREHOZHIKH Postgraduate student, Moscow City University, Moscow, Russia

THE LEADERS OF THE MOSCOW CITY COMMITTEE OF THE CPSU DURING THE YEARS OF "PERESTROIKA" 1985-1991

The article is devoted to the leaders of the Moscow City Committee of the CPSU during the years of "perestroika". The author believes that the activities of Boris Yeltsin's Moscow party workers are an integral part of the period of radical transformations of 1985-1991. The author also considers the time of L.N. Zaikov and Yu.A. Prokofiev in power, who were contemporaries of radical changes in the capital's society shortly before the collapse of the USSR, to be a little-studied period of the activity of the CPSU MGK. Sources of personal origin will be one of the main documents in the study of party figures. Thus, the results of the activities of the CPSU MGK as a party authority in Moscow need to be revised on the basis of modern literature and new methodological approaches to the study of the history of Russia at the end of the XX century.

Key words: USSR, "perestroika", CPSU MGK, first secretary, collapse of the USSR, historical source.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.91.10.012

M.A. VINOGRADOVA Postgraduate student of the Department of History of Russia, LGU them A.S. Pushkin, St. Petersburg, Russia

HISTORIOGRAPHIC ASPECT OF THE ORGANIZATION OF PSYCHIATRIC CARE IN THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE IN 1861-1905

The article provides a historiographical review of the problems of organizing psychiatric care in the north and north-west of the Russian Empire in the time period from 1861 to 1905, describes the stages in the development of scientific works on this topic, their features and specifics. The trends inherent in the historiography of the pre-revolutionary, Soviet and modern stages are considered. In conclusion, it was concluded that many historical aspects related to the organization of care for the mentally ill were insufficiently studied, such as the features of the organization of hospitals for the mentally ill in certain regions of the Russian Empire, the specifics of the work of medical personnel providing assistance to patients, and a number of other key provisions.

Key words: North-West, North, Russian Empire, mentally ill organization, historiography.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.91.10.013

D.F. KOKHANOV Postgraduate student of the Department of National History of the Institute of Humanities of the Moscow City Pedagogical University, Moscow, Russia

THE FORMATION OF MILITARY EDUCATION IN THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE

The article examines the multifaceted, complex influence of the formation of Russian military education (especially at the initial level) on the training and reproduction of the Russian elite, since the end of the XVII century. The object of the study is military educational institutions, the subject is the process of formation of education in Russia and abroad. The author examines in detail the question of the importance of the organization of Suvorov military schools in strengthening the Russian statehood and the educational system of the country. The author pays special attention to the analysis of the military education process of the elite class and the poor population. The scientific novelty is expressed in the results of the study, which directly indicate the mutual influence of the development of the country, military training and education of the population as a whole, social distinctions in the educational process. Using the comparative methodology of the educational process of military affairs in foreign countries, taking into account historical experience, the expediency and necessity of further development and expansion of primary military vocational education in modern Russia are substantiated.

Key words: Suvorov military schools, cadet corps, history of military education, Russian statehood, personnel training.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.91.10.014

A.A. GABITOV Graduate student, Russian State University for the Humanities, Moscow, Russia

SOVIET SNIPERS: RESULTS OF THE WORK OF THE SOVIET YOUTH DELEGATION TO THE USA IN 1942

In 1942, three Soviet students performed an unprecedented mission far from their homeland. At the invitation of U.S. President Franklin Delano Roosevelt, the Soviet Union sent a student delegation to the United States for the annual International Student Assembly, a conference that gathers students from all over the world. The first Soviet delegation to attend this event consisted of two legendary snipers and the future rector of several Soviet universities. The tour of Soviet citizens who discovered the life of the Soviet Union for the West captured the front pages of foreign newspapers for six months. The article examines the tasks and results of the visit of the Soviet youth delegation to the USA in 1942 on the basis of previously inaccessible archival documents. The conclusion is substantiated that the trip of the sniper delegation played an unprecedented role in the representation of Soviet culture in the countries of the anti-fascist coalition and popularized the idea of opening a second front.

Key words: USSR, USA, Great Britain, snipers, student assembly, second front, Slavic Memorandum, AKSM, ISS.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.91.10.015

V.M. GOROKHOV Independent researcher, Elder of the Russian community, Military Academy of the Ministry of Defense Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

INVESTIGATION OF THE ORIGIN AND AUTHENTICITY OF THE "PROTOCOLS OF INTERVIEWING WITNESSES OF THE ATROCITIES OF THE NAZI OCCUPIERS IN THE ZMIEVSKAYA BEAM OF ROSTOV-ON-DON IN 1942"

The article presents the results of a source study of the survey Protocols from November 25-27, 1943 of residents of the settlements of the Second Zmievsky and the Temernik Crossing adjacent to the mass graves in the Zmievskaya Beam of Rostov-on-Don. The main purpose of the study: finding out the origin of these Survey Protocols, comparing their content with information from other historical documents, establishing the reliability of the information contained in them, determining their authenticity and legal correctness.

Key words: Great Patriotic War, genocide, Zmievskaya Beam, source studies, correctness of historical documents.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.91.10.016

PRIEST LAVROV DMITRY Master's student of the Moscow Theological Academy, rector of the Church of St. John the Baptist, Suzdal, Russia

SCIENTIFIC AND THEOLOGICAL MONOGRAPHS IN THE JOURNAL "TOMSK DIOCESAN GAZETTE" (1880-1917)

The article is devoted to the review of the Church magazine "Tomsk diocesan Gazette", considered as a platform for posting in it a modern journal of theological, historical and local lore thought of the late XIX – early XX centuries. The purpose of the study is to identify and consider independent monographs of prominent representatives of theological thought of the Tomsk province of the period under review, printed on the pages of the official Church publication "Tomsk diocesan Gazette". In this study, a comprehensive approach and analysis of publications, which includes the principles of consistency and historicism. In the course of work on the article was defined the role of the diocesan magazine as a periodic publication, but also as a platform for large creations of provincial theologians of the Tomsk province, which was Bishop Peter (Ekaterinovskiy), Metropolitan Macarius (Nevsky), Archpriest Dimitri Belikov, a teacher of Tomsk theological Seminary Ivan Petrovich Novikov, the priest antonín Misyurev, Michael Michael, state Councilor Konstantin Antropov, Alexander Golubev, missionary Filaret Sinkovsky, the daughter of the missionary Alexander I. Makarova-Mirskaya. In addition, the purpose of the author's monographs of prominent Church and secular figures of the Tomsk province was the consecration at a high scientific and theological level of interpretation of the Holy Scriptures of the old and New Testament, the foundations of the Orthodox faith and Church Sacraments, ethnographic, local history materials, the history of Tomsk spiritual schools, as well as the consecration of history and modern controversy with the representatives of the old believer split. Thanks to these works, the Church journal of Tomsk province "Tomsk diocesan Gazette" reached a level comparable to the scientific and theological level of the capital's periodicals.

Key words: Tomsk diocesan Gazette, journal, theology, monograph, edition, Peter Ekaterinovsky, Antonin Misyurev.

HISTORY AND THEORY OF POLITICS

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.91.10.017

L.F. BOLTENKOVA Doctor of Sciences (law), Professor, Moscow, Russia

HYMN TO THE LORD GOD (PHILOSOPHICAL AND RELIGIOUS RESEARCH IN SEVERAL ARTICLES) ARTICLE TEN

Starting from the content of the Constitutional norm about God (part 2 of Article 67.1 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation) and analyzing the provisions of the Bible, religious-theological and philosophical literature, the author reveals the concepts of God, Hymn to the Lord God and forms of God glorification. Considering these concepts, the process of glorifying God is investigated.

Key words: God, the Constitution of the Russian Federation, the Bible, Hymn, thank the Lord God.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.91.10.018

I.A. GATAULLINA Doctor of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor Professor, Department of Sociology, Political Science and Management Institute of Engineering Economics and Entrepreneurship Kazan National Research Technical University named after A.N. Tupolev, Kazan, Russia

PRE – et – PROTOHISTORY: ON THE QUESTION OF THE IDEOLOGICAL BASIS OF ENGINEERING ETHICS

An overview of some aspects of the fundamental problem, the study of which within the positivist cognitive paradigm was constrained by the lack of archaeological data or written sources, and in the epistemology of post- and postmodernist model revealed its heuristic potential, is presented. Explored on the basis of phenomenological principles of knowledge building, protohistory raises questions about the oldest archetypal representations containing untapped possibilities of interpreting prehistory on an interdisciplinary basis. It is argued that myth as a form of interpreting reality and a phenomenon, representing its embedding in the cultural tradition, can act as a relevant and sometimes the only source of information, filling the lack of reliable knowledge about the world. It is stressed that studying history through the prism of natural disaster consequences changes the view of human environment, points out its vulnerability, very limited ability to withstand the elements and the need to take this experience into account. It is argued that moving deeper into an understanding of the causality of history teaches us to recognise and respect the independence of the past through notions of the changes on the planet that have led to the current location of seas, oceans, continents and their civilising diversity, which were preceded by a different, hypothetically constructed reality. It is concluded that the problem of prehistory tests scientific principles and its study is a necessary component of the culture of the modern engineer, forming its worldview foundation.

Key words: Pre – et – protohistory, ethics, A. Chechelnitsky, Cosmogenic shock, the Pole of the Earth's rotation, interdisciplinarity.

POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.91.10.019

N.N. RAVOCHKIN Associate Professor at the Department of History, Philosophy and Social Sciences Kuzbass State Technical University named after T.F. Gorbachev; Dr. in Philosophy, Associate Professor Associate Professor of the Department of Pedagogical Technologies Kuzbass State Agricultural Academy, Kemerovo, Russia

IMPORT OF POLITICAL AND LEGAL INSTITUTIONS: PROBLEMS AND SEARCH FOR WAYS TO OVERCOME (PART 2)

The development of the modern world largely depends on how powerful actors set up and optimize the national architectonics, in which the leading role belongs to political and legal institutions. At present, the unpredictability and riskiness of social life draws a new functionality and requires institutional transformations to be as congruent as possible to the empirical contexts in which they function. The metamorphoses of management practices and the remodeling of the functionality of political and legal institutions are also entrusted to intellectuals, theorists and practitioners, whose ideas directly determine how national states will be able to adjust the effectiveness of the institutions under consideration. In the first part of the study, the role of intellectuals in social construction is considered. The author examines the available theoretical approaches and analyzes discussions about the participation of the intelligentsia in institutional transformations. The evolution of views on the three identified areas of understanding the role of intellectuals in public life is traced. Important methodological remarks are given. In conclusion, intermediate results are summed up and directions are identified that contribute to the disclosure of ways to overcome difficulties in the processes of importing institutions.

Key words: power, society, political and legal institution, import, intellectual, idea.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.91.10.020

D.Ts. BUDAEVA Candidate of Political Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department Management Buryat State University named after Dorji Banzarov, Ulan-Ude, Russia

S.V. VASILYEVA Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department of Religious Studies and Theology of the Buryat State University named after Dorji Banzarov Ulan-Ude, Russia

O.P. FEDIRCO Doctor of historical sciences, associate professor, Leading Research Fellow, FGBUN Institute of History, archeology and ethnography of the peoples of the Far East FEB RAS, Vladivostok, Russia

CIVIL AND ETHNIC IDENTITY OF STUDENT YOUTH OF THE REPUBLIC OF BURYATIA

Based on the generalization of sociological information obtained during the implementation of the project "Religious-ethnic self-identification of the population of the Far East at the beginning of the 21st century", the article examines the issues of civil and ethnic identity in the perception of student youth of the Republic of Buryatia and the trends of their changes. It is noted that in the minds of students of the republic, ethnic identity is predominant, significantly differentiating among representatives of different national groups. Among the students of Buryatia, along with mono-ethnic identity, there is a high level of bi-ethnic identity, due to the prevalence of inter-ethnic marriages, typical for the inhabitants of the republic.

It was revealed that student youth demonstrate a high level of tolerance towards representatives of other ethnic groups and are ready to accept them both as a tourist and a guest, a citizen of the country, a work colleague, a neighbor, a close friend and a family member. The study allows us to conclude that in the minds of student youth of the Republic of Buryatia, despite the presence of a small and hidden interethnic tension, a positive stereotype in relation to other ethnic groups prevails, which is a factor that determines the high level of interethnic harmony in the prospective period and creates the basis for the formation civic identity.

Key words: civic identity, ethnic identity, bi-ethnic identity, social distance, interethnic harmony, intolerance.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.91.10.021

V.K. VNUK Candidate of Political Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Fundamental Legal and Social-Humanitarian Disciplines of Synergy University, Moscow, Russia

BRICS AS AN INSTITUTION OF THE EMERGING MULTIPOLAR SYSTEM OF THE WORLD

The article analyzes the current relationship between the BRICS member states and the countries that are part of the transatlantic and trans-European structures and the relations of the BRICS member countries with other international organizations; it studies the problem of sanctions imposed by the United States, EU countries, Canada, Great Britain, Japan and their allies against Russia and China and analyzed the prospects for further expansion of the BRICS; including the question of the prospects for the expansion of the BRICS. The article draws a number of conclusions: the unipolar world as a system of international relations, in which there is a single center of political and economic control, is currently undergoing significant changes; Brazil, Russia, India, China and South Africa are able to play the role of leaders in their regions; over the past years, the economies of the BRICS countries have shown steady growth, and the total GDP of purchasing power parity of the BRICS member countries has exceeded the total GDP of purchasing power parity of the G7 states; the BRICS has the potential for further expansion through the states of Asia, Africa and Latin America, including Argentina, Iran, Egypt, Saudi Arabia, Turkey, Algeria, Nigeria; the sanctions policy of the United States, EU countries, Canada, Great Britain, Japan and other unfriendly states leads to a reorientation the vector of Russian foreign economic policy towards other states, primarily towards other BRICS member countries (Brazil, China, India, South Africa); due to the economic potential, the BRICS has the opportunity to compete with Western economic structures represented by the European Union, the G7, etc., and becomes an important element of the new multipolar world.

Key words: BRICS, G7, world political system, system of international relations, unipolar world, multipolar world, economic sanctions, Ukrainian crisis, gross domestic product.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.91.10.022

B.R. AKHPATELOV Post-graduate student North Ossetian State University K.L. Khetagurov, Vladikavkaz, Republic North Ossetia Alania, Russia

ON THE ISSUE OF REFORMING FEDERAL RELATIONS IN RUSSIA

The article analyzes the changes in federal relations as a result of V.V. Putin's reforms. The positive and negative features of this process are shown, recommendations for further improvement of interaction between the federation and its subjects are formulated.

Key words: federal reform, federal districts, constitutional rights, common economic space, Russia, configuration, sovereignty, subjects of the federation.

POLITICAL REGIONALISTICS. ETHNOPOLICY

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.91.10.023

L.I. VORONINA Doctor of Sociological Sciences, Associate Professor Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, Russia

V.D. MALKOVA Undergraduate, Ural Federal University, Yekaterinburg, Russia

STATE POLICY TO SUPPORT THE NATIVE LANGUAGES OF THE PEOPLES OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION: CURRENT STATUS AND PROBLEMS

The authors present the results of a study of state policy to support the languages of the peoples of the Russian Federation. The purpose of the study is to identify problems that impede the integrated use of public administration mechanisms in this field and to offer some recommendations. It was revealed that the creation of conditions for ensuring the protection of national languages is one of the most important state functions. The Russian Federation has done a lot to consolidate the language guarantees of citizens through the use of a legal mechanism. The most difficult is the application of the social mechanism and the achievement of appropriate results in terms of the manifestation of civil initiatives, the preservation of the self-identification of nations and ethnic groups. There are also difficulties in the conscious choice of language, taking into account the existing historical experience of communication, education and economic relations, due to the awareness of the benefits for the life of citizens. This conclusion is illustrated by the authors of the article on the materials of the implementation of the language policy of the Republic of Dagestan.

Key words: state policy, native languages of the peoples of the Russian Federation, language processes, mechanisms of public administration.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.91.10.024

ZHAO DONGXU Postgraduate student of the Russian University friendship of peoples, Moscow, Russia

IMPACT OF THE MILITARY OPERATION IN UKRAINE ON MILITARY AND POLITICAL COOPERATION BETWEEN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION AND THE PEOPLE'S REPUBLIC OF CHINA

The article discusses the current aspects of the strategic cooperation between Russia and China in the context of the aggravation of the current geopolitical situation associated with the start of Russia's special military operation on the territory of Ukraine. Russian-Chinese relations have been constructive for a long time, but over the past year there have been significant changes in the intensification of some areas of cooperation. Traditionally, along with trade, economic and political relations, the focus is on the problems of military-technical cooperation between the two states. Despite the permanent attempts of the United States and a number of Western states to counteract the deepening of various areas of cooperation between Russia and China, there is no reason to doubt the positive prospects for relations between the two countries. The purpose of the article is to analyze the prospects for military-political cooperation between Russia and China in the context of a special military operation on the territory of Ukraine. To achieve this goal, the article consistently solves the tasks of assessing the current state and key areas of interstate cooperation between Russia and China in the field of politics, economics and military-technical cooperation. The methodology of the article, in addition to using the general scientific apparatus (analysis, synthesis, inductive-deductive method), is based on the application of the event analysis method, which makes it possible to trace the series of events in relations between China and Russia during the period of a special military operation. As a result, it was concluded that there are a number of problems in the interaction between China and Russia (risks of deepening dependence on raw materials, risks of US sanctions, etc.), the presence of which, in general, does not eliminate the significant potential for further development of cooperation between the two countries.

Key words: Russian-Chinese relations, strategic partnership, military-technical cooperation, geopolitics.

PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND SECTORAL POLICIES

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.91.10.025

F.P. FURMAN Doctor of Philosophy, Professor of the Department of Theory and History of State and Law of the North-Western Institute of Management of the Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, Russia

S.V. KRASILNIKOV Ph.D., Associate professor, department of theory and history of state and law North-West institute of management – branch of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, St. Petersburg, Russia

POLITICAL ASPECTS IN THE ORGANIZATION OF COUNTERING EXTREMISM BY INTERNAL AFFAIRS BODIES

The article discusses the concept of the influence of political aspects of law enforcement in the field of countering extremism and extremist activity, the types and compositions of extremist crimes are studied, their criminal law characteristics are investigated, a certain “ideological” component is proposed in countering such crimes.

Key words: political aspects, law enforcement activity, legal awareness, civil service, professional activity, public safety, law and order, constitutional system, state structure, extremism.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.91.10.026

V.A. FEFELOV Graduate student of the Faculty of National Security Russian Academy of National Economy and State service under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

NEW METHODS OF USE OF MATERIAL CAPITAL FOR SOLVING THE OBJECTIVES OF DEMOGRAPHIC POLICY

In the modern world, demographic security is considered as a basic element in the system of ensuring the national security of any state. In this article, the author, based on current statistics, analyzes certain provisions of the Concept of the Demographic Policy of the Russian Federation until 2025. In conclusion, the study proposes specific measures aimed at increasing the birth rate in Russia.

Key words: security, marriage, demographics, children, motherhood, youth, fertility.

THEORY AND HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.91.10.027

ZH.S. SYZDYKOVA Doctor of History, Professor, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Institute of Asian and African Studies, Moscow, Russia

ON THE QUESTION OF STUDYING THE HISTORY OF THE KOKAND KHANATE

Long before the arrival of the military units of the Russian Empire on the territory of Central Asia, various expeditions were repeatedly sent to the Central Asian region in order to conduct scientific research of those territories that belonged to three Central Asian states, we are talking about the Bukhara Emirate, Khiva and Kokand khanates. In this case, our interest is directed towards the Kokand Khanate and there are a number of reasons for this, among which, in our opinion, it is worth highlighting the following: The Kokand Khanate arose later than the other two; its appearance is also connected with the changes in domestic and foreign policy that took place in the Bukhara Khanate; the Kokand Khanate during its strengthening and heyday included, in addition to the territories of Uzbekistan, Kyrgyzstan, and parts of Tajikistan, there were also such periods of time when the territories of Southern Kazakhstan were also part of the Khanate.

Key words: Central Asia, Kokand Khanate, research, scientists.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.91.10.028

XIONG LEPING Ph.D., Beijing Foreign Studies University, Beijing, China

AN LUYANG Student, Beijing Foreign Studies University, Beijing, China

GLOBAL SECURITY INITIATIVE IN THE CONTEXT OF CHINA'S FOREIGN POLICY

This article examines the main provisions, theoretical value and practical significance of China's Global Security Initiative. The concept proposed by Beijing also reflects the basic idea of the China's foreign policy: to adhere to the path of peaceful development, renounce hegemony and power politics, and strive to create a Community with a Shared Future for Mankind. By bringing the Initiative to the world public, China strengthens its voice in international affairs and develops its own "soft power".

Key words: Global Security Initiative, diplomacy, China, peaceful development, "soft power".

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.91.10.029

S.M. PLIEV Candidate of pedagogical sciences, associate professor of the department of political science and sociology A.A. Tibilova; Senior Researcher, Department of Modern and Contemporary History, YuONI named after I.I. Z.N. Vaneeva, Tskhinvali, South Ossetia

L.T. KULUMBEGOVA Senior Lecturer of the Department of Political Science and Sociology, Yu. A.A. Tibilova; Researcher at the Department of Modern and Contemporary History of the YuONI named after I.I. Z.N. Vaneeva, Tskhinvali, South Ossetia

I.B. SANAKOEV Candidate of pedagogical sciences, professor of the department of political science and sociology of the Yu. A.A. Tibilova; Senior Researcher, Department of Modern and Contemporary History, YuONI named after I.I. Z.N. Vaneeva, Tskhinvali, South Ossetia

N.G. SMOLIK Lecturer at the Department of Theory and History of International Relations of the Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia

THE ZAR TRAGEDY AS PART OF THE GENOCIDE BY GEORGIA AGAINST THE OSSETIAN POPULATION OF SOUTH OSSETIA

The ethno-political conflict between Georgia and South Ossetia began in 1989. The active phase of this conflict resulted in a large-scale armed aggression of Georgia against South Ossetia from the beginning of 1991 to the middle of 1992. At the same time, the civilian population living in in South Ossetia. One of the most tragic episodes of the Georgian-Ossetian conflict is the Zarskaya tragedy, the execution of Ossetian refugees by Georgian armed gangs.

Key words: aggression, Georgia, conflict, refugees, execution, investigation.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.91.10.030

G.S. SMIDOVICH PhD Economics Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

ADAPTATION AND INTEGRATION OF MIGRANTS IN THE MODERN LEGISLATION OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

In 2021, the draft federal law “On the conditions for entry (exit) and stay (residence) in the Russian Federation of foreign citizens and stateless persons” contains an article “Social and cultural adaptation and integration of foreign citizens in the Russian Federation”. But the social and cultural components are clearly not enough for full-fledged legislative regulation of such an important problem as the adaptation and integration of migrants.

There is no legislative consolidation of the powers of regional and municipal authorities in this area. They solve this problem at their own discretion – they use the available resources to solve this problem according to the residual principle, which once again emphasizes the need for legislative study of the solution to this issue.

As we move from heaven to earth (from the federal level to the regional, and from the regional, respectively, to the local), it becomes clear that the fulfillment of the tasks and goals of adaptation and integration of migrants on the scale of the needs of the Russian Federation and its economy is declarative, despite the critical decline permanent and able-bodied population and increasing pressure on it.

The unsettledness of relations leads to terminological confusion and substitution of concepts, the uncertainty of the circle of subjects of this activity, significantly complicating the implementation of the integration policy.

The subject of this study is the adaptation and integration of migrants in the current legislative and by-laws for the period from 2019 "pre-pandemic" year to the present. The period is due to the fact that only existing measures or only programs that have ceased to operate were taken into the scope of analysis. The aim of this study is to analyze it.

Key words: adaptation of migrants, integration of migrants, legislation, regulation.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.91.10.031

L.S. KENIGFEST Postgraduate student of the all-university Department of World and Russian History MCU, Moscow, Russia

HISTORICAL MEMORY AS A COMPONENT OF THE "SOFT POWER" OF POLITICAL RELATIONS AND DIALOGUE BETWEEN THE CULTURES OF ISRAEL AND RUSSIA

The article considers the concept of historical memory as an influence factor in the context of the concept of "soft power". A brief theoretical analysis of the basic concepts is made: "soft power", "historical memory", "memory politics", "memory wars". A number of normative legal documents and doctrines that consolidate the importance of soft power and historical truth for society are analyzed. The role of historical truth in the modern world is considered. In conclusion, it is concluded that the state can and should increase the effectiveness of mechanisms for the formation of a grateful historical memory of the public in order to develop strong immunity to manipulation of the past in the context of political conjuncture. The practical significance of an objective historical narrative is shown by the example of the dialogue between Russia and Israel. The author does not pretend to be a complete consideration of the problem.

Key words: historical memory, soft power, Israel, Russia, falsification of history, dialogue of cultures.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.91.10.032

D.S. LEVIN National Research University "Higher School of Economics", Moscow, Russia

FEATURES OF RELATIONS BETWEEN CHINA AND THE UNITED STATES IN THE FIELD OF HIGH TECHNOLOGY FROM 2018 TO 2021

The work is devoted to the relations between the United States and the People's Republic of China in the field of high technology in the era of the “trade war”. Several areas in which these countries have conducted and continue to conduct a race, which some experts have dubbed a “technological war”, are considered in detail. These are such areas as: 5G cellular communications, the Internet of Things, quantum data transmission technologies, artificial intelligence and others. The factors that force countries to invest a huge amount of money in the development of advanced technologies in this area, as well as the mechanisms by which competitors capture the world market and promote their products, while trying not to allow their potential opponents to do the same, are analyzed.

Key words: high-tech sphere, United States of America, People's Republic of China, potential adversaries, 5G cellular communication, quantum technologies, world market.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.91.10.033

E.A. MIKHALEVICH PhD student of Saint Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia

THE CHINESE CONCEPT OF CYBER SOVEREIGNTY AS A METHOD OF NEUTRALIZING THREATS OF MALICIOUS USE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE AND ENSURING PSYCHOLOGICAL SECURITY

China, as a leading state in the development of AI technologies, is pursuing its national interests, including by promoting the concept of cyber sovereignty in the international arena. The main national interest of the PRC is to ensure state security, including psychological. The concept of China's cyber sovereignty involves the creation of a single secure ‘community of common destiny in cyberspace’, for which ensuring international psychological security is a key task. The study of the concept of Chinese cyber sovereignty as a method of neutralizing the threats of malicious use of AI and ensuring psychological security has practical importance for a comprehensive consideration of the problem of malicious use of artificial intelligence and challenges of psychological security. This concept can have a significant impact on the further development of legal mechanisms for regulating international cyberspace and managing AI, which is characterized by a high degree of variability. The reported study was funded by RFBR and VASS, project number Nr. 21-514-92001.

Key words: cyber sovereignty, artificial intelligence, malicious use of artificial intelligence, psychological security, China.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.91.10.034

A.A. ELOVIK Postgraduate student, Faculty of History, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

SPECIAL MILITARY OPERATION OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION IN UKRAINE IN THE BELARUSIAN POLITICAL DISCOURSE

This article presents a brief discourse analysis of public rhetorical constructions that reflect the basic attitude of the Belarusian ruling class and pro-Western counter-elites to the special military operation of the Russian Armed Forces in Ukraine. The main conclusion of the article is that the main actors of the political discourse of Belarus present the public with a special military operation, firstly, in terms of their geopolitical priorities and, secondly, in the context of its impact on political stability within the republic itself. In the official discourse, the SMO is interpreted as evidence of Belarus' loyalty to its allied obligations to the Russian Federation, but at the same time it emphasizes the impossibility of the Belarusian army's direct participation in it. The rhetoric of the nationalist opposition, on the contrary, is openly anti-Russian in nature, the narrative of “complicity” of Belarus in hostilities is being replicated, and alarmist sentiments are being fueled.

Key words: Belarus, Russia, Ukraine, special military operation, Lukashenko, opposition.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.91.10.035

O.T. TURDIKULOV Postgraduate student of the Department of World Politics National Research Tomsk state university, Tomsk, Russia

INTERNATIONAL COOPERATION AS A FACTOR OF INTERNATIONALIZATION OF HIGHER EDUCATION IN UZBEKISTAN

The article is devoted to the internationalization of the system of higher education in Uzbekistan during the years of independence of the republic. After analyzing the literary sources, it was concluded that international cooperation is the main factor in the internationalization of higher education. Based on this trend, the author analyzes the policy pursued by the government in this area over the past 30 years, and its current state.

Key words: Uzbekistan, higher education system, internationalization, international cooperation, international donor organizations.

STUDENT SCIENCE

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.91.10.036

A.D. KOSTINA Student Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia

K.R. ILINSKAYA Student Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia

N.D. PAKHMUTOV Student Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia

THE BELT AND ROAD INITIATIVE: ITS ESSENCE AND DEVELOPMENT

The People's Republic of China is the world's second largest economy in terms of nominal GDP, one of the leading nuclear and space powers, the "workshop of the world", the country with the largest amount of gold and foreign exchange reserves, and also an influential subject of international politics. The concept of "One Belt – One Road" is a significant international infrastructure project of our time and a plan to promote the Chinese economic model around the world, aimed at expanding and developing production capacities.

In this article, the author studies the "One Belt – One Road" strategy as a factor in China's globalization, provides a multilateral analysis of the sources of its occurrence and predicts the possible development of prospects.

Key words: international relations, foreign policy, China, central Asia, economy, economic cooperation, economic integration, one belt – one way, Russia, international economy, sea route, silk road, security, transport.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.91.10.037

D.S. MYASNIKOV Student Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia

S.SH. MANAPOV Student Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia

V.K. SIMAKOVA Student Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia

MODERN WORLD GLOBALIZATION: PHASED DEVELOPMENT AND PROSPECTS

Now, globalization is an all-encompassing process of integration, if not all, then most of the states around the world in the economic, cultural, political and other spheres. It is natural that strong countries try to take advantage of the ever-increasing close relations with other powers. This process is the most noticeable, dominant trend of modern world development. Today it is impossible to talk about the isolation of the processes taking place in different regions of the planet. The presence of fundamental changes in the economy and social structure of society, the emergence of an increasing number of scientific and technological achievements, the creation of a global information space ultimately lead to the formation of a new type of human civilization – global.

In this article, the author comprehensively explores the phenomenon of globalization in the modern world, its significance and development prospects in the future, both near and far. The essence of globalization as a way of integrating various states is also considered.

Key words: globalization, global problems, world challenges, development of globalization, prospects for globalization, economy, world politics, civilization.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.91.10.038

A.A. NIKITINA Student of Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia

PERSPECTIVE COMMUNICATION IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS ON THE EXAMPLE OF STRATEGY FOREIGN POLICY OF JAPAN

This article examines the extent to which persuasive communication has an impact on international relations, using Japan’s foreign policy strategy as an example. The article analyses the role of persuasive communication as a means of political influence, which contributes to the formation and improvement of the country’s image at the global level, as well as supports the state’s conduct of chosen foreign policy tactics.

Key words: рersuasive communication, Japan, soft power, Cool Japan, foreign policy, international relations.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.91.10.039

D.A. BAKANINA Student Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia

Y.V. BARANOVA Student Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia

A.A. LEONOVA Student Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia

SCIENCE DIPLOMACY AS A TOOL FOR THE INTEGRATION OF CHINA, JAPAN AND THE REPUBLIC OF KOREA INTO THE ARCTIC REGION

For a long time, the attention of the countries of Northeast Asia remained away from the Arctic region due to the lack of marine territories in the Arctic Ocean. However, the new prospects associated with the possibility of developing rich natural resources and transport routes in the Far North influenced the foreign policy of the states: the tasks were set to gradually increase their presence in the region using diplomatic and economic tools. This article will analyze the role and prospects of science diplomacy of China, Japan and the Republic of Korea in the process of their integration into the Arctic region in order to promote their national interests.

Key words: science diplomacy, Northeast Asian countries, Arctic region. China, Republic of Korea, Japan, national interests, integration.

CONFERENCES

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2022.91.10.040

Z.R. ISHANKHODZHAEV Doctor of historical sciences, professor NUUz them. Mirzo Ulugbek, Tashkent, Uzbekistan

J.S. SYZDYKOVA Doctor of historical sciences, professor ISAA Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia

DIGITAL TRANSFORMATION SCIENCE AND EDUCATION

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