№ 5 (98), 2023

Scientific Journal “Issues of National and Federative Relations”. Volume 13. Issue 5 (98), 2023

CONTENTS

NATIONAL HISTORY, ETHNOLOGY AND ETHNOGRAPHY

Shavlaeva T.M. Clergy of the Historical Region of Chechnya Cheberloy: Abdul-Hamid Abdusalamov (Based on Field Materials)
Uporov I.V. Manifesto of 1763 Catherine II as the Beginning of Systemic Legal Regulation of Censorship Relations
Ushmaeva K.A., Tereshchenko O.V., Goncharov A.S. Concentric Dynamics of the Development of the Wild Fields by the Cossacks in the XIV-XV Centuries (Based on the Translated Station Books of the Kuban)
Mukhamedov R.A., Fakhrtdinov F.R. The State of Schools of National Minorities in the Ulyanovsk Province in 1924/25
Perevalov I.N., Dyakov S.I., Dobryak S.Yu., Gorokhov V.V., Vanyagin V.E. Post-War Period of Development of the Institute of Retraining and Advanced Training of Artillery Commanders (1945-1954)
Antontseva V.A., Tswetkov A.V. Propaganda War on the Territory of Leningrad and Pskov Regions in the German Rear in 1941-1944
Sulumov Z.Kh., Aliskhanova M.H. Implementation of Party Policy in the Sphere of Reconstruction of the Oil Industry Chechen-Ingushetia During the Second Five-Year Plan (1933-1937)
Obolkin E.S. Historiography of the Formation of Statehood and the Rights of Ancient Rus'
Fan-Yung G.Yu. Scientific Work of the D.I. Mendeleev"About the Modern Development of Some Chemical Enterprises as Applied to Russia and about the World Exhibition of 1867" as a Historical Source
Mazhnikov V.I. Features of Teaching Domestic Policy in the Course of National History
Ivanov M.A. Posad Self-Government in Russia in the XVI-XVIII Centuries in Pre-Revolutionary Historiography
Bobrovsky I.A. "Green Armies" of Deserters of the Voronezh Province
Mazin A.V. Russian Industry in 1914-1917

HISTORY AND THEORY OF POLITICS

Boltenkova L.F. Regulation of Gender Issues in the Context of Religion (in Several Articles). Article Two
Tang Wei, Hao Lun. Russian-Ukrainian Cultural Spiritual Community in the Literary Work of Taras Shevchenko
Danilov A.Yu. Methodological Analysis of the Concept of Gender as a Political Category

POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES

Budaeva D.Ts. Directions of National Policy in Areas of Compact Residence of Indigenous Peoples: Municipal Level
Vykhodets R.S. The Role of Artificial Intelligence Technologies in Providing Information and Psychological Security
Kolosova I.V. Dialogue of Orthodox Christianity and Islam in the Context of State-Confessional Policy in Russia
Afonin M.V., Krivova A.L., Sviridov D.Yu. Globalization as a Condition and Factor of Interaction Between Society, the State and the Media
Albakov M.A. Constructivist Approach to the Concepts of «Nation» and «National Identity»: Analysis and Political Context
Vakilova V.R., Pozhvanova E.A. The Study of the Influence of the Media on the Formation of Public Opinion: Political Analysis
Bodrov A.K. The Image of the Region as an Instrument of Interaction with the Federal Center: Challenges and Opportunities
Mezhydov T.M. Results and Trends in the Execution of the Regional Budget of the Republic of Chechnya
Stroikov V.A. Conceptual and Normative-Legal Foundations of the Modern National Policy of the Russian Federation in the Context of Foreign Policy Risks and Threats
Wang Xiaoqun. The Phenomenon of the "Party of Power" in the Russian Political System
Gromov V.V. Conceptual Understanding of the Problems and Prospects of Socio-Political Work with Young People
Guseynova D.M. The Impact of the Terrorist threat on the Russian State Duma in the Late 1990s.
Erokhin N.A. Internal Migration Flows in Russia as a Political Issue
Ilyushin P.S. Interreligious Dialogue as a Socio-Political Strategy
Maximov M.V. The Experience of Forming a System of Local Self-Government in Russia in the Historical Perspective

PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND SECTORAL POLICIES

Martyshkin S.A., Rassadin A.A., Omelkovich A.V. Digital Reality in Public Policy and Management
Skutina S.G. Russian State Policy on the Resettlement of Compatriots Living Abroad: Normative-Legal Framework and Structural and Functional Features
Kostina T.A. Factors of Formation of State Policy in the Field of Local Self-Government in the Russian Federation at its Various Stages

HISTORY AND THEORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY

Grishin Ya.Ya., Akhmetkarimov B.G., Alimov B.H., Rakhimov K.Kh. Soviet-Turkish Relations (1923) in the Light of the 100th Anniversary of the Formation of the Republic of Turkey
Syzdykova Zh.S. Ferghana Valley: Through Dialogue to Cooperation
Naonov M.M., Shangaraev R.N. Evolution of Turkiye's Regional Security Policy
Omarova T.R., Shangaraev R.N. Нistory of Migration Issue and its Impact on Italian Foreign Policy
Gudilina E.N. Discursive Construction of Reality in the Statutory and Program Documents of the Modern Communist Parties of Russia and China
Ermakov K.A. Extremism as the Basis of the "New Religion" of "Global Liberalism" in World Politics
Maystat M.A., Lomtev A.V., Yatsenko A.S. The Features of Political and Ideological Processes in Modern Turkey
Mao Shuo. Zero-Sum Game and US-China Relations
Utekova Z.D. Image of the Ideal Future of Kazakhstan: Results of Political and Psychological Research
Khlopov O.A. Eastern Europe in US Foreign Policy at the End of the 20th – Beginning of the 21st Senturiy
Zhou Qingchao. Prospects for Solving the Taiwan Issue in Sino-American Relations
Shiriiazdanova I.F., Sajid Mostafiz Nahid, Mohammad Maksudur Rahman. Sustainable Development Goals in Bangladesh
Sajid Mostafiz Nahid, Shiriyazdanova I.F. Bilateral Ties Between Bangladesh and India
Shkurenko E.D., Shitikova Y.A. Transformation of Chinese TNCS Activities in the Framework of Green Transition: Problems and Prospects
Anosova E.L., Shitikova Y.A. Position of International Organizations with Regard to Territorial Disputes in the South Chinese Sea

STUDENT SCIENCE

Bratkovskaya D.V., Rogova Ya.D., Tokareva S.A. PRC Cybersecurity Features
Volzhanin D.A., Serikbayeva A.D. Political Manipulation: Purpose, Methods, Tools, Ethical Aspect
Prisekin A.A. Research Parks as an Element of Innovation Policy: Models and Technologies (Based on the Materials of Technopark-Mordovia and Morion Digital)

Our authors № 5-2023

NATIONAL HISTORY, ETHNOLOGY AND ETHNOGRAPHY

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.001

T.M. SHAVLAEVA Doctor of historical sciences, chief scientific employee of the Department of Ethnology of the Institute for Humanitarian Research of the Academy of Sciences of the Chechen Republic, Grozny, Chechen Republic, Russia

CLERGY OF THE HISTORICAL REGION OF CHECHNYA CHEBERLOY: ABDUL-HAMID ABDUSALAMOV (BASED ON FIELD MATERIALS)

This article, written on the author's field materials, highlights the life and work of a well-known representative of the clergy of Nizhny Cheberloy – Abdul-Hamid Abdusalamov. The theologian comes from a middle-class peasant family. He received his spiritual education in Chechnya and Dagestan. Mullah Abdusalamov was not fond of public speaking and preferred to respond only to questions specifically asked to him. He was not against the Soviet government, did not conduct anti-Soviet propaganda, because, according to the theologian, power is established only by the will of the Almighty. However, Abdusalamov did not hide his attitude to the Almighty, and advised others to observe the values of the Islamic religion, for which he was ranked among the enemies of the Soviet government. According to family legend, the distant ancestors of the Abdusalamovs were considered to come from Arabia, from which they left as a result of a conflict with the nobility of the Quraysh tribe, who allowed excessive influence of Turkic tribes in the Caliphate.

Key words: Chechen Republic, Nizhny Cheberloy, Nizhaloy, Abdul-Hamid Abdusalamov, spiritual views.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.002

I.V. UPOROV Doctor of History, Ph.D., Professor, Krasnodar University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Krasnodar, Russia

MANIFESTO OF 1763 CATHERINE II AS THE BEGINNING OF SYSTEMIC LEGAL REGULATION OF CENSORSHIP RELATIONS

An analysis of the Manifesto of the era of Catherine II under the title "On the prohibition of obscene reasoning and talk related to the Government", published in mid-1763, is presented. It is noted that this act became the beginning of the systemic legal regulation of censorship relations in the Russian Empire, it was published in connection with rumors about the illegal accession of the empress to the throne. The manifesto forbids "perverse interpretations" of the decisions and actions of government structures under threat of punishment. At the same time, Catherine II, positioning herself as an enlightened ruler, was ready to forgive those who, after the publication of the Manifesto, would stop expressing "harmful judgments." However, in the future, critical thoughts, expressed both orally and in writing, continued to take place in Russian society, in connection with which the legislator adopted new censorship charters.

Key words: manifesto, censorship, Catherine II, decree, ban, criticism, libel, charter.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.003

K.A. USHMAEVA Doctor of Historical Sciences, associate professor, Professor of Department of Socio-Economic and Humanitarian Disciplines, Stavropol branch of the Krasnodar University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Stavropol, Russia

O.V. TERESHCHENKO Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor of Department of Socio-Economic and Humanitarian Disciplines, Stavropol branch of the Krasnodar University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Stavropol, Russia

A.S. GONCHAROV Bachelor, laboratory researcher, Stavropol State Pedagogical Institute, Stavropol, Russia

CONCENTRIC DYNAMICS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE WILD FIELDS BY THE COSSACKS IN THE XIV-XV CENTURIES (BASED ON THE TRANSLATED STATION BOOKS OF THE KUBAN)

The article analyzes the process of organic, team development of the space of the Wild Fields by the Slavic population from among the «dashing people», as well as the features of the formation of family life in the conditions of the frontier. The relevance of the study is due to the need for a more detailed study of the Stanitsa books that tell about the early history of the Cossacks during the period of settlement of the upper reaches of the Don and adjacent territories. The practical significance of the study is expressed in the possibility of using its results in the further study of the regional specifics of the North Caucasian Cossacks, their mental and behavioral traits in the period before the formation of a holistic image of the «Cossack-defender of the frontier». The scientific novelty lies in a new look at the process of transforming the Wild Fields from the outback, where dashing people were engaged in robbery and the development of military camps, into a space of a single culture, social and ideological conformity. Within the framework of this study, we use special historical methods, methods of historical anthropology and cultural studies. The results of the study indicate a significant degree of influence of Domostroy on the everyday, family life of the Cossacks, the principles of urban planning, as well as the combination of the nomadic culture of the Horde and Russian agricultural culture in the context of adapting to the harsh living conditions of the inhabitants of the borderlands.

Key words: Wild Fields, Cossacks, everyday life, village, family life, city, quarter.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.004

R.A. MUKHAMEDOV Doctor of I.N., Professor, Ulyanovsk, Russia

F.R. FAKHRTDINOV Master's student, Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University named after I.N. Ulyanov, Ulyanovsk, Russia

THE STATE OF SCHOOLS OF NATIONAL MINORITIES IN THE ULYANOVSK PROVINCE IN 1924/25

The article examines the reports of inspectors of the Educational Department of Public Education in the Ulyanovsk province "On the study of the state of educational and educational institutions in the early years of Soviet power, in the context of the policy of eliminating illiteracy and national "korenization". Data on the financial situation of students and teachers, in schools, orphanages and other types of educational organizations are provided. The problems of the lack of an adequate level of education, the necessary number of teaching staff, shortcomings in the organization of cultural leisure and political education of the population of the province, as well as shortcomings in the organization of educational and educational processes for representatives of national minorities of the county villages of the Ulyanovsk province are raised. The article is based on archival documents, which are being introduced into scientific circulation for the first time, of the Ulyanovsk Provincial Department of Public Education, which set out resolutions aimed at solving the problems and correcting shortcomings in the functioning of educational organizations of the Ulyanovsk province.

Key words: school, USSR, educational program, UlGubono, Simbirsk-Ulyanovsk province, VKP(b), national minorities.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.005

I.N. PEREVALOV The applicant, Mikhailovskaya Military Artillery Academy, St. Petersburg, Russia

S.I. DYAKOV Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Associate Professor Mikhailovskaya Military Artillery Academy, St. Petersburg, Russia

S.YU. DOBRYAK Candidate of Psychological Sciences, Associate Professor Mikhailovskaya Military Artillery Academy, St. Petersburg, Russia

V.V. GOROKHOV Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor Mikhailovskaya Military Artillery Academy, St. Petersburg, Russia

V.E. VANYAGIN Candidate of Military Sciences St. Petersburg Military Order of Zhukov Institute of the National Guard Troops of the Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, Russia

POST-WAR PERIOD OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE INSTITUTE OF RETRAINING AND ADVANCED TRAINING OF ARTILLERY COMMANDERS (1945-1954)

The purpose of the study. To conduct a historical and chronological analysis of the problems of the post-war period of the development of the Institute of retraining and advanced training of artillery commanders (1945-1954). The relevance of the topic is due to the coverage of historical events in the development of the armed forces in the post-war period, as well as in improving the educational activities of a military educational institution that not only trains and retrains personnel for the artillery of the country, but also for foreign countries of the socialist camp, in conducting various tests of weapons and military equipment, devices, developing and testing new guidelines combat documents. Research methods: analytical, scientific, causal, historical and systemic. Key conclusions: based on the above material, we conclude that all activities for retraining and advanced training of specialists for artillery in the post-war period (1945-1954) are characterized by a combination of theory and practice. Great importance is especially attached to the training of artillery instrumental reconnaissance specialists, observer pilots and navigator spotters. Of great importance is the development of a network of various artillery ranges (both for live firing and for firing on imitation vehicles).

Key words: artillery, school artillery, artillery range, specialties, VOASH.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.006

V.A. ANTONTSEVA Candidate of historical sciences, associate professor, Department of regional studies, Tver state University, Tver, Russia

A.V. TSWETKOV Chairman of the Tver city public organization «Сlub of lovers of military history «Knight»», Tver, Russia

PROPAGANDA WAR ON THE TERRITORY OF LENINGRAD AND PSKOV REGIONS IN THE GERMAN REAR IN 1941-1944

The article deals with the propaganda confrontation on the territory of the occupied Leningrad region during the Great Patriotic War, taking into account the old administrative division of the Leningrad region, which until 1944 included the territories now belonging to the Novgorod and Pskov regions. The importance of propaganda methods of struggle in the territory of the region under the conditions of blockade and positional war is emphasized. The low effectiveness of German propaganda work is noted, despite the wide range of methods used. There are such reasons for the failures of German propaganda as the inhumane attitude of the invaders towards the civilian population, the deterioration of the situation on the fronts and the overthrow of Mussolini. The difficulties faced by Soviet propaganda in the occupied Leningrad region are also considered. The article introduces unique archival documents into scientific circulation

Key words: propaganda, occupation, occupied territory, partisan resistance, collaborationism.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.007

Z.KH. SULUMOV Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of History of the Chechen State Pedagogical University, Grozny, Russia

M.H. ALISKHANOVA Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Museum Studies and Cultural Studies of the Chechen State University. A.A.-H. Kadyrov, Grozny, Russia

IMPLEMENTATION OF PARTY POLICY IN THE SPHERE OF RECONSTRUCTION OF THE OIL INDUSTRY CHECHEN-INGUSHETIA DURING THE SECOND FIVE-YEAR PLAN (1933-1937)

The article discusses the features of the implementation of party policy in the field of reconstruction of the oil industry of Checheno-Ingushetia during the second five-year plan (1933-1937). The oil industry of Checheno-Ingushetia played an important role in the industrialization of the country. The tasks set for the region under consideration in the field of technical reconstruction of the oil industry were successfully solved. This led to a high rise in the development of the national economy and the strengthening of the country's defense capability. As a result of the reconstruction of the oil industry of Checheno-Ingushetia during the second industrial five-year plan, the republic turned into an economically developing republic.

Key words: Implementation of party policy, reconstruction of the oil industry of Chechen-Ingushetia, the second industrial five-year plan, development of the country's national economy, strengthening the state's defense capability.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.008

E.S. OBOLKIN Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor East Siberian branch of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Russian State University of Justice, Irkutsk, Russia

HISTORIOGRAPHY OF THE FORMATION OF STATEHOOD AND THE RIGHTS OF ANCIENT RUS'

Historiography is analyzed in order to highlight the features of the formation of statehood and the law of Ancient Rus'. The methods of scientific research are: analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, comparison. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that in this work an attempt was made to generalize the ideas of domestic and foreign authors about the Old Russian state. This topic is relevant today, since the study of this issue allows us to holistically comprehend the features of the genesis of statehood and law in Ancient Rus', which influenced the state-legal development of Russia, it is also necessary to assume what the further development of the state and law of Russia will be.

Key words: historiography, statehood and law, Ancient Rus', historical sources.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.009

G.Yu. FAN-YUNG Ph.D. of Hist.Sc., Associate Professor of the Department of Social sciences, Volga Region State University of Physical Culture, Sport, and Tourism, Kazan, Russia

SCIENTIFIC WORK OF THE D.I. MENDELEEV"ABOUT THE MODERN DEVELOPMENT OF SOME CHEMICAL ENTERPRISES AS APPLIED TO RUSSIA AND ABOUT THE WORLD EXHIBITION OF 1867" AS A HISTORICAL SOURCE

The object of our study is the level of development of the domestic chemical industry by the beginning of the 70s of the XIX century. The subject is the features of the development of this industry, reflected in the work of the D.I. Mendeleev. And the scientific authority of the D.I. Mendeleev, and the results of the World Industrial Exhibition, allow us to record the qualitative and quantitative growth of the Russian chemical industry. The work of the future academician lists, firstly, specific enterprises that he visited abroad, secondly, advanced sub-sectors of the domestic chemical industry, and thirdly, there are recommendations for further improvement of the entire specified industry. All this allows us to consider the designated work of the D.I. Mendeleev is a significant historical source that contributes to the formation of scientific ideas not only about the formation and development of the chemical industry, both in the world and in pre-revolutionary Russia, but also about the social consequences of the industrial revolution

Key words: Russian pre-revolutionary chemical industry, industrial revolution, Kazan plant of the Krestovnikov brothers firm.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.010

V.I. MAZHNIKOV Candidate of philosophical sciences, associate professor, Moscow financial-industrial university "Synergy", Moscow, Russia

FEATURES OF TEACHING DOMESTIC POLICY IN THE COURSE OF NATIONAL HISTORY

In the curriculum of national history, the study and assimilation by students of the domestic policy of the state is traditionally considered difficult topics. In this regard, the purpose of this study is to carry out a meaningful analysis of the concept of "domestic policy" through the prism of the historical change in the essence of the generic concept of "politics". The main methods that were used when writing this article were methods of analysis and synthesis, a comparative method. The methodological basis of the study was the historical approach. the author comes to the conclusion that the content of the study of domestic policy at the initial stages of history should be the study of the history itself, the formation and development of state institutions of power and the activities of its most prominent representatives. At later stages of history, starting from the Newest Time, the study of domestic politics should also include topics that reveal the influence that various social groups had, in general society itself, on the internal development of state institutions of power.

Key words: politics, domestic policy, state policy, national history, Russian state.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.011

M.A. IVANOV Lecturer of the Department of Complex Humanities of the Russian State Social University, Moscow, Russia

POSAD SELF-GOVERNMENT IN RUSSIA IN THE XVI-XVIII CENTURIES IN PRE-REVOLUTIONARY HISTORIOGRAPHY

Along with numerous historical works devoted to agriculture and the nobility, ocean studies related to issues of public opinion. It is possible to determine the relevance of this issue at the present time, if only because the city assemblies (i.e. merchants, philistines, guilds) were representatives of the urban population of the Russian Empire, playing a decisive role in its economic, cultural and social development.

In this regard, the question arises about the evolution of the system of township self-government.

Key words: merchant class, estate, dynasty, capital guild, trade, industry.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.012

I.A. BOBROVSKY Postgraduate student of the Department of Russian History Voronezh State Pedagogical University, Voronezh, Russia

"GREEN ARMIES" OF DESERTERS OF THE VORONEZH PROVINCE

The article examines one of the key aspects that influenced the formation of the third force at the final stage of the Civil War – the "greens". Desertion is considered as a long-term phenomenon due to Russia's participation in the First World War and the transition of the whole society to Civil War. The key is the strict policy of the new authorities towards deserters, which contributed to the growth of discontent among the peasant population, which also suffered from other phenomena of that period. The formation of the "green movement" contributed to a new round of battles of the Civil War, where the peasantry became the driving force and marked a number of miscalculations on the part of the new authorities.

Key words: desertion, Civil War, "green movement", mobilization, authorities, peasantry, banditry.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.013

A.V. MAZIN Postgraduate student of the of study at the Department of the History of State and Municipal Administration, Faculty of Public Administration, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

RUSSIAN INDUSTRY IN 1914-1917

This scientific article analyzes the structure and state of the industry of the Russian Empire, and later the Russian Republic at the period from 1914 to 1917. The state in which the native industry came to the beginning of the Civil War is considered, and the reasons why it ended up in a similar conditions are described. When writing this article, a descriptive-narrative method was used (description of the events that took place and a list of industries), a historical method (the situation before the start of the World War I logically led to 1917), as well as a typological method (classification of the most important problems).

As a result, causal chains were described that, despite the efforts of individual structures / people, led the industry to a deplorable state.

The prevailing influence of foreign capital, which pulled the country to the role of a raw material appendage, the absence of serious reserves and stocks of ammunition in warehouses, the chronic inability of the governing bodies to effectively coordinate the process, the loss of the moment for the full-fledged mobilization of industry, and many other reasons led to the fact that Russian industry turned out to be in a catastrophic state, and the thousand-year-old monarchy collapsed.

Key words: Special Council, World War I, mobilization of industry, shell shortage, militarization of the economy.

HISTORY AND THEORY OF POLITICS

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.014

L.F. BOLTENKOVA Doctor of Law, Professor, Moscow, Russia

REGULATION OF GENDER ISSUES IN THE CONTEXT OF RELIGION (IN SEVERAL ARTICLES) ARTICLE TWO

In the article, taking into account the growing trend of disregard for spiritual and moral values in the field of sex, the religious (Christian) foundations of sexual policy, philosophical and theological views on this issue are revealed, and proposals are formulated for regulating the problems that have arisen and are being formulated.

Key words: Constitution, Bible, God, God's Commandments, gender, man, woman, family, bisexuality, legislation.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.015

TANG WEI PhD in Law (Peking University) postdoctor of Philosophy (Peking University) associate professor of Research Center of Ukraine and Research Center of Russian Philology and Culture in Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China

HAO LUN Candidate of Political Sciences (Moscow State University), Doctor of Political Science (Peking University), Research Fellow, School of Humanities and Social Sciences Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, China

RUSSIAN-UKRAINIAN CULTURAL SPIRITUAL COMMUNITY IN THE LITERARY WORK OF TARAS SHEVCHENKO

Taras Shevchenko is the “father of the national spirit of Ukraine”, the founder of the modern language and literature of Ukraine. According to Russian judgments about Taras Shevchenko, the famous Chinese translator and scholar Ge Baochuan introduced this point of view to the Chinese scientific community: "Taras Shevchenko is a Ukrainian folk poet, the founder and creator of the Ukrainian literary language." He lived during the Russian Empire. It can be assumed that Taras Shevchenko's contribution to Slavic culture and its people is not limited only to Ukraine, and that he was repeatedly studied, analyzed and evaluated in Russia, Belarus and even in European and American scientific circles at the same time. This proves that Taras Shevchenko is a famous cultural person of the world level. Today, Russian-Chinese relations are developing more friendly. And how is the Taras Shevchenko effect used in the field of history, culture and nation in the analysis of the “community” between Russia and Ukraine? This is not only the task of this text, but also further work – to analyze the common national spirit between Russia and Ukraine.

Key words: Taras Shevchenko, Russia and Ukraine, History and Culture, Chinese School.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.016

A.Yu. DANILOV Postgraduate student of the Office of Postgraduate and Doctoral Studies, Russian Academy of National Economy and State service under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

METHODOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE CONCEPT OF GENDER AS A POLITICAL CATEGORY

The purpose of the study was to highlight the potential of the concept of "gender" as an initial component of the formation of gender policy. On the basis of sociological and political science approaches, the meaningful meaning of the category "gender order" and the reasons for its formation are revealed. The dominant trends of the gender approach in the study of politics, political institutions and processes indicate that there is a masculine factor of these aspects, and the allocation of the category of gender inequality as a socio-political phenomenon. As a result of the study, it was revealed that modern domestic state policy demonstrates, at the same time, not so much a clear focus on the introduction of the fundamental principle of gender equality established by the Basic Law of our country, as the prevalence of the former socialist approach to the implementation of the concept of equality, with an emphasis on "improving the current status of women". The conducted research allowed us to conclude that current globalization trends cause structural transformations of modern societies. Within the political sector, there is an increase in neoliberalism. Gender social groups are characterized by a multiplicity of conflicts and inconsistencies. There is an increase in gender asymmetry, which contributes to the emergence of new forms of such a phenomenon as gender inequality. In these conditions, the need to improve the domestic state mechanism for achieving gender equality is actualized.

Key words: gender, gender, gender policy, gender order, politics, gender equality.

POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.017

D.Ts. BUDAEVA Candidate of Political Sciences, Associate Professor Department of Management of the Buryat State University named after Dorji Banzarov Ulan-Ude, Republic of Buryatia, Russia

DIRECTIONS OF NATIONAL POLICY IN AREAS OF COMPACT RESIDENCE OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES: MUNICIPAL LEVEL

Ethnocultural support for indigenous peoples and issues of improving their social well-being directly depend on the effectiveness of the political and administrative activities of the municipal government, which is in close proximity to the local community. However, this issue is covered extremely rarely in domestic science due to the slow departure from the practice of separating politics and management, and also because of the inattentive attitude to the national policy of the local community.

In this work, in the context of political management, an attempt is made to develop new directions for managing the life of indigenous peoples. This task is in line with the concept of decentralization of management, on which the President of the Russian Federation V.V. Putin has repeatedly drawn the attention of regional and municipal authorities.

The results of the study can be used in scientific developments devoted to the issues of the national policy of local communities, as well as by municipal authorities interested in improving the social well-being of indigenous peoples.

Key words: national policy, decentralization of power and administration, political management, indigenous peoples.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.018

R.S. VYKHODETS PhD in Philosophy, Associate Professor of the Department of Theory and History of International Relations, St. Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia

THE ROLE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TECHNOLOGIES IN PROVIDING INFORMATION AND PSYCHOLOGICAL SECURITY

The article is devoted to the study of the role of artificial (AI) intelligence technologies in providing information and psychological security. The author considers, first of all, two aspects: media (production and dissemination of information) and cognitive (consumption of information). The capabilities of artificial intelligence technologies in the field of production, distribution and consumption of information can simultaneously be used both as means of malicious informational and psychological influence and as means of countering them.

In conclusion, it is concluded that AI has broad opportunities to influence the formation of public opinion. Recommendation systems for the selection of individualized content. In accordance with the preferences of users, they allow a significant impact on the processes of production and dissemination of information. The impact of modern information technologies on the process of human consumption of information, manipulation of values and motives of his behavior generates a whole range of previously unknown challenges and threats in the field of information and psychological security.

Key words: information warfare, information and psychological security, artificial intelligence, AI, deep fake.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.019

I.V. KOLOSOVA PhD (history), Associate professor of Politology and Political Philosophy Department, Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

DIALOGUE OF ORTHODOX CHRISTIANITY AND ISLAM IN THE CONTEXT OF STATE-CONFESSIONAL POLICY IN RUSSIA

The article considers the process of interaction of the Orthodox Christianity and Islam in Russia in the context of the state religious policy formation. The experience of good neighborliness and intercultural dialogue has got deep historical roots in Russia. Along with Christianity, Islam promoted creation of uniqueness of Russia as Eurasian power. Ethnic groups, professing Islam, took part in the development of the Russian statehood. Christian and Muslim cultures, being in constant contact with each other, interacted and mutually enriched each other in poly-confessional Russian Empire. In the Soviet era both religions survived hard times under the rule of atheist state. Meanwhile mutual penetration of cultures of Christian and Muslim ethnic groups continued under the process of creation of the united Soviet social and cultural space. After the deconstruction of the communist ideology and the dissolution of the USSR the potential of constructive interaction of Christianity and Islam grew significantly being realized in the frameworks of peacemaking projects on the post-soviet space. By the present moment the Christian-Moslem dialogue has been carried out on different state and public platforms, in the frames of Interreligious Council of Russia in particular. Special attention is paid to countering religiously motivated extremism and terrorism, mutual social service and youth projects. Christian-Moslem dialogue promotes joint efforts of the Russian society and state for maintenance interethnic and interface peace and harmony, development of the non-conflict intercultural communication and protection of traditional values.

Key words: Orthodox Christianity, Islam, Christian-Moslem dialogue, Interreligious Council of Russia, International Islamic Mission, Bulgarian Islamic Academy.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.020

M.V. AFONIN Candidate of Law Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Socio-Political Institutes of Processes and Technologies of the Faculty of Political and Social Technologies Russian state social university, Moscow, Russia

A.L. KRIVOVA Lecturer of the Department of Human Rights of the Faculty political and social sciences Russian state social university, Moscow, Russia

D.YU. SVIRIDOV Master's student of the Department of Political Science and Applied Political Work of the Faculty political and social sciences Russian State Social University", Moscow, Russia

GLOBALIZATION AS A CONDITION AND FACTOR OF INTERACTION BETWEEN SOCIETY, THE STATE AND THE MEDIA

This article is devoted to the analysis of the concepts of interaction between the state, society and the media in the context of globalization. In the course of the study, the authors pay special attention to original civilizations and cultures in the context of their influence on international relations. The authors conclude that the media is an important tool for establishing communication between society and the state, exchanging cultural values with other actors in international relations, and popularizing national values. Examples of the negative impact of the media through the manipulation of mass consciousness were also considered.

Key words: civilization, culture, information activity of the state, foreign policy.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.021

M.A. ALBAKOV Postgraduate student of the department of national and federal relations of the Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation, Institute of Public Administration and Management, Moscow, Russia

CONSTRUCTIVIST APPROACH TO THE CONCEPTS OF «NATION» AND «NATIONAL IDENTITY»: ANALYSIS AND POLITICAL CONTEXT

This article explores the concepts of "nation" and "national identity" in the context of modern scientific research and political discourse. The author draws attention to many different interpretations of these concepts, since they are studied and considered from different perspectives of social, philosophical, and political sciences.

The article highlights two main theoretical approaches to the study of the nation and nationalism. The first approach, known as perennialism, considers a nation to be a cultural community that has existed throughout human history. The second approach, the modernist paradigm, considers the nation as a relatively new phenomenon that emerged at the end of the XVIII-XIX centuries because of the activities of political actors. In general, the article contributes to the ongoing debate around the main theoretical approaches to the study of the "nation".

Key words: nation, national identity, constructivism, identity politics, political elites.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.022

V.R. VAKILOVA Senior Lecturer, Department of Fundamental legal and social and humanitarian disciplines Synergy University, Moscow, Russia

E.A. POZHVANOVA Student of the Faculty of State and Municipal Administration of the Synergy University, Moscow, Russia

THE STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE MEDIA ON THE FORMATION OF PUBLIC OPINION: POLITICAL ANALYSIS

This article examines the influence of mass media on the formation of public opinion. The study analyzes the role of the media of the information age in the conditions of the globalizing world, political, systemic, historical, and aspect methodological approaches were used. The authors analyzed the phenomenon of mass media and its functions, reflected the history of the transformation of public opinion, investigated the processes and methods of forming public opinion. Based on the conducted research, the authors conclude that the influence of the media is enormous-both in positive and negative aspects. In a changing globalized world, society is changing, the ways of managing it are changing.

Key words: public opinion, mass media, impact on mass consciousness, mass character, information society.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.023

A.K. BODROV Postgraduate student of the Department of Russian Politics, Faculty of Political Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

THE IMAGE OF THE REGION AS AN INSTRUMENT OF INTERACTION WITH THE FEDERAL CENTER: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES

The article is devoted to the role of image in the development of the region as a territorial and political entity in the context of interaction between the federal center and the region.

The development of the territory means little if no one knows about it. With the development of social networks and other Internet technologies, branding and marketing tools, no one will perceive and form the image of the region if there is nothing about it on the Internet and social networks. In turn, a positive image of the territory (region) plays a crucial role in creating and developing competitive advantages, the influx of population, investors, and taking the necessary political steps on the part of decision makers. The formation of the image of the region is a strategic process that pays off within 5-10 years. The article will focus on the formation of the image of the region, its varieties, mechanisms and tools, as well as the impact on the interaction of the center and the regions. In addition, a brief analysis of the two regions will be conducted for the formed image and the presence of notable brands in the field of tourism through a review of Internet resources containing information about tourist opportunities in the analyzed regions.

Key words: region, image of the region, interaction of the center and regions, brand, territorial branding.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.024

T.M. MEZHYDOV Postgraduate student of the Office of Postgraduate and Doctoral Studies, Russian Academy of National Economy and State service under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

RESULTS AND TRENDS IN THE EXECUTION OF THE REGIONAL BUDGET OF THE REPUBLIC OF CHECHNYA

The purpose of the work is to analyze the functioning of the budget system of the Russian Federation as a federal center and the specifics of the regional budget mechanism implemented in the Republic of Chechnya. The research methods were regulatory analysis, econometric methods. Using these methods, a comprehensive analysis of the performance indicators of the budget of the Republic of Chechnya was carried out. As a result of the study, the main trends in the execution of the budget of the Republic of Chechnya were identified, both positive and negative. As conclusions, a number of recommendations have been developed aimed at increasing the stability and sustainability of the budget system of the Republic of Chechnya by increasing its investment attractiveness. It should be noted that the joint efforts of the center and the region play a key role in this process, since only with their close cooperation is it possible to quickly and qualitatively improve the mechanism for executing the budget of the Republic of Chechnya and expand the sources of financing of the republican budget.

Key words: budget execution, budget of the Republic of Chechnya, budget sustainability.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.025

V.A. STROIKOV Applicant, Department of Political Science and Political Administration of the Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

CONCEPTUAL AND NORMATIVE-LEGAL FOUNDATIONS OF THE MODERN NATIONAL POLICY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION IN THE CONTEXT OF FOREIGN POLICY RISKS AND THREATS

The designation of objectively manifested and developing foreign policy risks and threats associated with global and regional political-ideological and political-procedural transformation actualizes the clarification of the conceptual and regulatory foundations of the national policy of the Russian Federation, formulated and implemented at the present stage. In this sense, in addition to understanding the relevant restrictive factors and circumstances, it is important for the Russian political leadership to understand the opportunistic and influential opportunities that open up in this regard. With this in mind, it seems expedient to determine the most priority areas of public administration on topical national issues. Accordingly, this is used as a special ideological and practical basis for nation-building at the federal, regional and local (local) levels.

Key words: Russian Federation, existing legislation of the Russian Federation, Russian political conceptions, national policy, national interests, foreign policy.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.026

WANG XIAOQUN Postgraduate student of the Moscow State University. M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia

THE PHENOMENON OF THE "PARTY OF POWER" IN THE RUSSIAN POLITICAL SYSTEM

The "Party of Power" plays an important role in the national governance of modern Russia. The presidential system in Russia and the absence of an executive party determined the formation of the Russian "party of power". In view of this unique phenomenon of building political parties in the process of Russian national governance, this article provides a preliminary discussion of the nature, causes, future and prospects of the phenomenon of the "party of power" in the process of modern Russian national governance.

Key words: "Party of Power"; United Russia Party; Elections to the State Duma.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.027

V.V. GROMOV Postgraduate Student, Department of Political Science and Political Administration of the Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

CONCEPTUAL UNDERSTANDING OF THE PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF SOCIO-POLITICAL WORK WITH YOUNG PEOPLE

The problems of modern youth participation in political decision-making and in the political life of society and the state as a whole are characterized by quite serious ambiguity and inconsistency, even in a situation where there are obvious and tangible advantages and advantages. By and large, the specifics of the activities of youth organizations in the socio-political environment are mainly due to systemic interest, age-related activism, a high degree of learning ability, the assimilation of new technologies and resources, which is typical for representatives of the younger generation. At the same time, in modern conditions, the problems of increasing negative foreign policy risks and threats that have a destructive and unbalancing effect on the growth and development of modern youth are being actualized. In this sense, issues and problems are of particular importance, firstly, the formulation and implementation of a balanced youth policy, secondly, the regulation and streamlining of responsible state authorities and public institutions, thirdly, the renewal of institutional and structural-functional specifics of socio-political activities of youth groups, and fourthly, the definition of fundamental problems and prospects of working with young people at the present stage. At the same time, the key intention of this is to operate with the terminology of ensuring political stability and security of society and the state, considering the existing national ideological, value and regulatory conjuncture.

Key words: young people, state, society, nation, political stability, public safety.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.028

D.M. GUSEYNOVA PhD student, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

THE IMPACT OF THE TERRORIST THREAT ON THE RUSSIAN STATE DUMA IN THE LATE 1990S.

The article analyses the impact of the escalating terrorist threat on the State Duma in the late 1990s. The relevance of this study stems from the need to develop effective measures to combat terrorism in the 21st century, given the constant development of this phenomenon, as well as the lack of research on the topic. The aim of the study is to identify the features of the State Duma functioning on the basis of its verbatim records, to analyse the statements of deputies of different factions in connection with certain terrorist attacks or actions of terrorists, to determine the level of consistency of the legislative body. The study of the work of the State Duma allows us to identify effective and, on the contrary, erroneous measures and methods of deputies' work against the background of the growing terrorist threat and, based on the available knowledge and experience, to develop a more adequate strategy in the future.

Key words: Chechen war, terrorism, internal political process in Russia in the late 1990s.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.029

N.A. EROKHIN History and social studies teacher Municipal Autonomous Educational Institution secondary school No. 1 – "Skolkovo School – Tambov", Tambov, Russia

INTERNAL MIGRATION FLOWS IN RUSSIA AS A POLITICAL ISSUE

The article describes the main internal migration flows and analyzes the political consequences of internal migration in Russia. Being the largest country in the world in terms of territory, Russia is losing its positions in the demographic field from year to year. The population of Russia can be characterized as small and aging, the total fertility rate is below the level of simple reproduction of the population. At the same time, the settlement of Russians across the country is extremely heterogeneous – the majority of the population lives in the European part of the country, which makes up 15% of the territory, namely, in a conditional triangle with peaks in St. Petersburg, Sochi and Yekaterinburg. The area of this triangle practically fills all zones with favorable climatic conditions in the Russian Federation and a relatively good level of infrastructure, while the remaining 85% of the country's territories are sparsely populated. Migration flows that have formed over the past 30 years further exacerbate this imbalance, which creates a number of political problems, both internal and external.

Key words: internal migration, urbanization, demographic policy, western drift.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.030

P.S. ILYUSHIN PhD student (Political Science) Diplomatic Academy of the Russian Foreign Ministry, Moscow, Russia

INTERRELIGIOUS DIALOGUE AS A SOCIO-POLITICAL STRATEGY

The Russian multicultural space contains risks of exacerbation of ethno-confessional relations. Religions simultaneously have both stabilization and conflict-causing potential, one of which can be revealed during a period of ethno-confessional tension.

The article researches the possibilities of interreligious dialogue as a tool for smoothing and preventing emerging contradictions of a national and confessional nature. In order to build a constructive interreligious dialogue, the state needs to take into account the interests of all parts of the cultural diversity of Russian society.

The research is based on the analysis of the latest statistical data, statements of religious actors and politicians, the legal framework concerning the functioning of religious organizations, as well as on the study of statements of the Interreligious Council of Russia on various topics.

The study shows that there is a problem of observing the principle of equality of religious associations before the law, as a result of which interreligious dialogue mainly becomes an initiative of the dominant religion in terms of the number of followers. Nevertheless, the state maintains constructive relations with all leading, sometimes competing, religious organizations in order to maintain confessional balance and good neighborliness.

The consolidated position of religious organizations on current public issues contributes to the social behavior of followers of the respective religions. Interreligious dialogue has its practical significance, since religious organizations work together within the framework of the dialogue in a number of important areas aimed at the social and spiritual and moral improvement of society.

In this regard, interreligious dialogue in the Russian context becomes a political necessity, and the state uses the opportunities of the dialogue of religions, considering it as a strategy for maintaining stability in society and maintaining the integrity of the state.

Key words: ethniсity, religion, interreligious dialogue, mobilization potential, strategy, cultural and moral values.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.031

M.V. MAXIMOV Postgraduate student of the South Russian Institute management – a branch of the Russian Academy of National Economy and public service under the President of the Russian Federation, Rostov-on-Don, Russia

THE EXPERIENCE OF FORMING A SYSTEM OF LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT IN RUSSIA IN THE HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE

The article is devoted to the problem of formation of the system of local self-government in Russia in different historical periods. In different periods of time, the domestic experience of organizing local self-government was based on both external convergence and internal models. The author emphasizes the need for a detailed analysis of the development of the local self-government system in Russia in various historical periods in order to further improve the LSG system in the Russian Federation. The conducted analysis shows that without increasing the level of political activity of the population and the formation of a municipal civil society, further improvement in the efficiency of the LSG system in the Russian Federation will be difficult.

Key words: local self-government, local self-government bodies, democracy, models of local self-government organization, political activity.

PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND SECTORAL POLICIES

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.032

S.A. MARTYSHKIN Doctor of historical sciences, professor, Head of the Department of State and Municipal Administration Samara National Research University named after Academician S.P. Koroleva, Samara, Russia

A.A. RASSADIN Postgraduate student of the Department of State and Municipal Management, Samara National Research University named after Academician S.P. Koroleva, Samara, Russia

A.V. OMELKOVICH Student of the department of national and world economy Samara State Technical University, Samara, Russia

DIGITAL REALITY IN PUBLIC POLICY AND MANAGEMENT

This article examines the impact of digital reality on politics, management and business in general, and analyzes the main trends in the public and private sectors related to governance in today's digital world. The study examines the most effective practices for implementing digital reality technologies that can be useful for management professionals and company leaders who want to improve their activities in the digital economy.

Key words: politics, political system, digital economy, management, digital reality, big data.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.033

S.G. SKUTINA Leading Specialist department of postgraduate and doctoral studies RANEPA, Moscow, Russia

RUSSIAN STATE POLICY ON THE RESETTLEMENT OF COMPATRIOTS LIVING ABROAD: NORMATIVE-LEGAL FRAMEWORK AND STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL FEATURES

The implementation of the State Program to assist the voluntary Resettlement to the Russian Federation of Compatriots living abroad, approved by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated 14.09.2012 № 1289 «On the implementation of the State Program to assist the voluntary resettlement to the Russian Federation of compatriots living abroad», over the past few years has shown generally positive dynamics. This is achieved not only by optimizing information and communication support and launching special digital services (first of all, this is the Automated Information System «Compatriots», www.aiss.gov.ru), but also through the creation and development of a special network of representative offices and representatives of relevant executive authorities abroad (first of all, this is the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs Of Russia), as well as employees of diplomatic agencies and consular institutions. At the same time, there remains an intention to improve the tools of public administration and increase the effectiveness of monitoring the state of interethnic relations in general. In this context, the problems of normative-legal and structural and functional support for the implementation of the Russian state policy on the resettlement of compatriots living abroad at the present stage are actualized.

Key words: President of the Russian Federation, Government of the Russian Federation, resettlement of compatriots, Automated information System «Compatriots».

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.034

T.A. KOSTINA Postgraduate student of the Department of Political Sciences and International Relations Historical and Philological Faculty of Chelyabinsk State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia

FACTORS OF FORMATION OF STATE POLICY IN THE FIELD OF LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION AT ITS VARIOUS STAGES

The article analyzes the modern state policy of Russia in the field of local self-government. The purpose of the study is to identify the main factors that have influenced and continue to influence its development and implementation since the adoption of the current Constitution of the Russian Federation. System analysis, institutional and comparative methods are used. The following factors influencing the modern state policy in the field of local self-government have been identified and studied: 1) the degree of compliance of the chosen model of local self-government with the political traditions of Russian society; 2) the nature of federal relations; 3) the economic potential of municipalities; 4) the level of activity of the population in exercising their right to participate in solving issues of local importance. It is concluded that these factors are institutional, economic and social in nature. They affect different areas of state policy in the field of LSG and are of a long-term nature.

Key words: local self-government, state policy, municipal reform, municipality, federal relations, subjects of the Russian Federation.

HISTORY AND THEORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.035

Ya.Ya. GRISHIN Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor of the Department of International Relations, World Politics and Diplomacy Institute of International Relations of Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan, Russia

B.G. AKHMETKARIMOV Associate Professor of the Department of International Relations, World Politics and Diplomacy, IMO KFU, Kazan, Russia

B.H. ALIMOV Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of International Relations, World Politics and Diplomacy, IMO KFU, Kazan, Russia

K.KH. RAKHIMOV Candidate of Historical Sciences, senior lecturer Departments of Theory and History of International Relations Peoples' Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba, Head of the Central Asia Sector Center for Research of Post-Soviet Countries (CIS), Moscow, Russia

SOVIET-TURKISH RELATIONS (1923) IN THE LIGHT OF THE 100TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE FORMATION OF THE REPUBLIC OF TURKEY

On October 29, 1923, the Mejlis declared Turkey a republic. The path to this extraordinary event was not easy. For it was necessary to liquidate the sultanate monarchy. At the end of 1921, Mustafa Kemal, the head of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey (VNST), announced this at a meeting of the parliamentary faction "Rights Protection Group". In the first period, from his point of view, it was necessary to abolish the sultanate and expel the last sultan and transfer power to the VNST. Shortly before November 1, 1922, when the law on the liquidation of the Sultanate was adopted, the opposition conducted a fierce struggle against political changes. It included Prime Minister Reuf Bey, with whom Kemal Mustafa had a serious conversation. As a result, the head of government not only voted for the destruction of the sultanate, but also proposed to consider the day of the adoption of the law a national holiday.

The proposal for the liquidation of the Sultanate and the expulsion of the Sultan, and the separation of the caliphate from state power is adopted unanimously. The opposition in this case was afraid to vote against. But, be that as it may, the sultan was deposed, as the VNST announced to the public. Prince Abdul Majid, the last Caliph, is elected Caliph.

Nevertheless, the opposition did not calm down. M. Kemal had to travel around the country and explain what was happening. At that time, he still did not dare to proclaim a republic. It needed the right time. It came at the end of October 1923.

This article will examine how Turkey approached this through the prism of its relations with the RSFSR.

Key words: Mustafa Kemal, Aralov, Ismet Pasha, Lausanne Conference, proclamation of the Republic.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.036

ZH.S. SYZDYKOVA Doctor of History, Professor, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Institute of Asian and African Studies, Moscow, Russia

FERGHANA VALLEY: THROUGH DIALOGUE TO COOPERATION

The article deals with border territorial disputes between the states of Central Asia. It is noted that these problems have been accumulating for many years, starting back in the period when the Central Asian countries joined the Russian Empire. The arrival of the new administration brought with it a new administrative and management system. After the establishment of the Turkestan Governor-General, the situation in the region has changed radically. It is emphasized that with the establishment of Soviet power, new rules for defining borders came to the region, which occurred without taking into account local traditions and maps of the settlement of various ethnic groups. It is concluded that there is a need for dialogue at the level of heads of state to solve such a complex problem as the establishment of state borders between the countries of Central Asia.

Key words: border, states, ethnos, Central Asia.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.037

M.M. NAONOV Student of the Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia, Moscow, Russia

R.N. SHANGARAEV Doctor of Science, Associate Professor of the Department of strategic communications and public administration, Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

EVOLUTION OF TURKIYE'S REGIONAL SECURITY POLICY

Due to the peculiarities of its geographical position and the opportunities that geopolitics gives it in this regard, Turkey, both globally and regionally, is a country with one of the most extensive packages of policy options.

Key words: Russia, Turkey, Foreign policy, Caucasus, Central Asia, Pan-Turkism.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.038

Т.R. OMAROVA Master's student at the Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

R.N. SHANGARAEV Doctor of Political Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department public administration in foreign policy activities of the Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

НISTORY OF MIGRATION ISSUE AND ITS IMPACT ON ITALIAN FOREIGN POLICY

Migration is an integral part of the world, both past and present, and it will continue to be so. The modern world is inconceivable without it. Throughout the history of civilization, people have always been on the move. The migratory factor has always had and continues to have a significant influence on Italy's foreign policy agenda. The influx of migrants into the country has posed challenges that require diplomatic interaction and cooperation with neighboring countries, the European Union, and other international organizations. In this study, the authors aim to examine the impact of the migratory factor on Italy's foreign policy processes. The objective is to explore and analyze the specific effects of the migration crisis on politics in Italy.

Key words: Italian Republic, migration, migration crisis, foreign policy processes in Italy, European Union.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.039

E.N. GUDILINA Postgraduate student of the Department of Theory and Philosophy of Politics, Faculty of Political Science, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia

DISCURSIVE CONSTRUCTION OF REALITY IN THE STATUTORY AND PROGRAM DOCUMENTS OF THE MODERN COMMUNIST PARTIES OF RUSSIA AND CHINA

The relevance of the research is related to the fact that through discourse, a political subject not only articulates his ideological position, but also influences individual and collective consciousness, its semantic, value and ideological content. The purpose of the study is to identify similarities, differences and features of the discursive construction of reality in the statutory and program documents of the modern Communist parties of Russia (the CPRF) and China (the CPC). Comparison lines are set and used to identify the uniqueness of the constructed discourse by the CPRF and the CPC. Discursive and conceptual analysis is used as a research method. In the course of the study, similarities were noted in the use of traditional constructions of Marxist-Leninist discourse. The differences related to the active role of the CPC in the enrichment and development of communist discourse are revealed. The appeal of the CPC to a collective utopia for articulating the concepts of the Chinese dream, the community of the common destiny of mankind and ecocivilization is noted. The obtained research results link the discursive construction of reality by political parties not only and not so much with the possession of a power resource, but with a number of objective ones, as well as subjective factors (political will leading to the dominance of a particular discourse; the ability of a political subject to use the potential of a collective utopia).

Key words: discursive construction of reality, communist discourse, collective utopia, the CPRF, the CPC.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.040

K.A. ERMAKOV Legal Adviser LLC "APEK-consulting", Moscow, Russia

EXTREMISM AS THE BASIS OF THE "NEW RELIGION" OF "GLOBAL LIBERALISM" IN WORLD POLITICS

The article examines the approximate trajectory of the development of the "color revolution", defines the actions of external and internal actors in the media and digital space, in the field of public diplomacy, during the coordination of protests and clashes. The definitions given to terrorism and extremism in the Russian Federation and the United States of America are compared with the actual actions of organizing the "color revolution". Using the method of structural and functional analysis, the conclusion is made about the extremist nature of "global liberalism" as a "new religion" and the presence of signs of state terrorism in its dissemination activities.

Key words: "color revolution", "global liberalism", extremism, terrorism, Russian Federation, USA.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.041

M.A. MAYSTAT Ph.D. (Candidate of Political Sciences), Associate Professor at the Department of Political Science of Institute of History and Policy of Moscow State Pedagogical University, Moscow, Russia

A.V. LOMTEV Ph.D. (Candidate of Political Sciences), Associate Professor at the Department of Political Science of Institute of History and Policy of Moscow State Pedagogical University, Moscow, Russia

A.S. YATSENKO Fourth-year student at the Department of Political Science of Institute of history and policy of Moscow State Pedagogical University, Moscow, Russia

THE FEATURES OF POLITICAL AND IDEOLOGICAL PROCESSES IN MODERN TURKEY

The article is devoted to the analysis of the peculiarities of political and ideological processes in Turkey at the present stage, taking into account the coming to power of the pro-Islamic Justice and Development Party (AKP) and the strengthening of the power of President R. Erdogan.

The authors analyze various points of view on political and ideological trends in Turkey and conclude that for the AKP Islam and Islamism are the basis of Turkish national identity, but it tries to combine Islam and democracy taking into account Turkish secular nuances. As a result, the AKP's post-Islamism, going beyond the concept of a purely Islamic system of governance, includes secular and liberal ideas about democracy. The AKP does not openly oppose secularism, but it is gradually transforming how secularism is interpreted in Turkey.

Key words: Kemalism, post-Islamism, secularism, turkish nationalism, Republic of Turkey, national identity.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.042

MAO SHUO Postgraduate, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

ZERO-SUM GAME AND US-CHINA RELATIONS

Today's world is undergoing an unprecedented transformation, or, in the exact words of the leader of the PRC, Xi Jinping, "changes unseen in a hundred years." Under these conditions, the overall power of China continues to grow, and relations between the United States and China, the world's largest economies, and especially the contradictions that have accumulated between them, are attracting more and more attention. The author of the article analyzes China's diplomatic tradition, which focuses on the principles of peaceful coexistence, the impact of US sanctions, as well as the needs of China's internal development, which puts economic construction in the foreground, and concludes that in a turbulent international situation, high interdependence of the two economies and their irreplaceable contribution to world prosperity, China is determined to develop strong and mutually beneficial cooperation with the United States and firmly opposes the "zero-sum game" in both bilateral and international relations.

Key words: China, USA, bilateral relations, global transformation, trade war, hegemony, zero-sum game, peaceful coexistence, big power diplomacy.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.043

Z.D. UTEKOVA Postgraduate student of the Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia

IMAGE OF THE IDEAL FUTURE OF KAZAKHSTAN: RESULTS OF POLITICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH

The article considers the features of the image of the ideal future of Kazakhstan. The practical part of the work is based on qualitative methods, which contain focused interviews in 2021 to analyze the elements of the image of the ideal future of Kazakhstan. In the course of this political and psychological study, a lot of ideal typical ideas about what the life of Kazakhstanis should be like in the ideal future as a whole.

This study is part of a study conducted by the Department of Sociology and Psychology of Politics, Faculty of Political Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University. M.V. Lomonosov, dedicated to ideas about the ideal future.

Key words: image, ideal future, Kazakhstan, Kazakh national mentality.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.044

O.A. KHLOPOV PhD in Political Sciences Associate Professor of the Department of International Relations, Political Science and Foreign Regional Studies, Russian State University for the Humanities (RSUH), Moscow, Russia

EASTERN EUROPE IN US FOREIGN POLICY AT THE END OF THE 20TH – BEGINNING OF THE 21ST SENTURIY

The article analyzes the US foreign policy towards Eastern Europe. The involvement of the United States in the political processes of Central and Eastern Europe has gone through various stages: from the initial period of active actions, to spread of democracy in former communist countries as a priority for American foreign policy, through a period of weakened participation, to the present phase of renewed interest to Eastern European countries because of the deterioration of relations between Russia and Ukraine. The article reveals the causes why US foreign policy have changed towards Eastern Europe at the beginning of the 21st century on the agenda of the White House administrations, both in a conceptual understanding of the significance of this region, and in practical activities to provide economic and military assistance. The author argues that the United States treats Eastern Europe as an instrumental partner in order to contain and limit the influence of Russia.

Key words: international relations, foreign policy, deterrence, Eastern Europe, NATO, EU, USA, Russia.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.045

ZHOU QINGCHAO Postgraduate student of the Department of Global Studies, Faculty of Global Processes, Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia

PROSPECTS FOR SOLVING THE TAIWAN ISSUE IN SINO-AMERICAN RELATIONS

The article is devoted to the consideration of the influence of the Taiwan factor on Sino-American relations. The factor of the Taiwan issue is being studied in the context of the policy of the PRC and the USA. The existing areas of cooperation and contradictions between the PRC and the United States are outlined, forecasts are given regarding the prospects for the development of the Taiwan issue in bilateral relations between the PRC and the United States.

Key words: China containment, one China principle, Taiwan independence, one country, two systems.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.046

I.F. SHIRIIAZDANOVA PhD in History, Senior Lecturer, the Department of Theory and History of International Relations, RUDN University, Moscow, Russia

SAJID MOSTAFIZ NAHID Master's Student, RUDN University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

MOHAMMAD MAKSUDUR RAHMAN M.Sc. (Polit.); Junior Researcher; Institute of Socio Political Research – Branch of the Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (ISPR FCTAS RAS), Moscow, Russia

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS IN BANGLADESH

Bangladesh is a growing nation located on the eastern coast of South Asia. With almost 160 million inhabitants, it ranks as the seventh most populous country in the globe. During the last few years, Bangladesh has focused on attaining sustainable development. Sustainable growth is characterized as expansion that meets present needs without endangering the ability of future generations to meet their own. In order to balance the advancement of the economy, society, and environment, modern nations must place a high priority on sustainable development. Bangladesh, a developing nation in South Asia, has had difficulty being sustainable because of a variety of problems, including poverty, population expansion, and environmental harm. To improve Bangladesh's economic and environmental situations, the government and other international organizations have started sustainable development projects there. Currently, the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which have much larger goals, are taking the role of the Millennium Development Goals (MDG). A revolutionary global agenda with the overarching objective of "leaving no one behind," the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) are a game-changer. Bangladesh's economy is among those that is growing the fastest among those with a comparable climate. Despite various political and environmental challenges, the country has greatly evolved throughout the MDG era. The article will discuss the objectives and outcomes of Bangladesh's sustainable development programs. The government and international partners have launched initiatives to widen access to funding for sustainable development projects. Each country must commit to its own agenda and goals and implement a system for tracking and reporting progress. All countries must overcome significant obstacles in order to assure the SDG's finance and implementation by incorporating it into national policy.

Key words: Bangladesh, Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Foreign partners.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.047

SAJID MOSTAFIZ NAHID Master's Student, Patrice Lumumba RUDN University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

I.F. SHIRIYAZDANOVA Candidate of Historical Sciences, Senior Lecturer Peoples' Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba Moscow, Russia

BILATERAL TIES BETWEEN BANGLADESH AND INDIA

Bangladesh and India are connected through ties to their shared past, common language, shared culture, and a host of other factors. Strategic collaboration is just one aspect of the two countries' relationship. In India's northeastern area, Bangladesh and India are developing closer ties. This marks a change from the two nations' previous relationship, which was marked by mistrust, insecurity, and suspicion. This recent transformation, which started in 2009 with the advent of Bangladesh's present government, has produced a sense of connection, mutual interest, and cooperation. The purpose of this article is to describe this transition. The traditional origins of unrest between Bangladesh and India, which led to hostile relations between the two neighbors, are discussed in the first section of this article. The second section then focuses on how Bangladesh's relations with India have changed as a result of a convergence of security, economic, and energy cooperation.

Key words: Bangladesh, Geopolitics, Security, Conflict, Economic and Bilateral relation, Energy Cooperation.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.048

E.D. SHKURENKO Student of the Department of International Relations and Customs Affairs, Baikal State University (BSU) Irkutsk, Russia

Y.A. SHITIKOVA Senior lecturer of the Department of Russian and Intercultural Communication Baikal State University (BSU), Irkutsk, Russia

TRANSFORMATION OF CHINESE TNCS ACTIVITIES IN THE FRAMEWORK OF GREEN TRANSITION: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS

China's pursuit of a "green, low-carbon energy system" is not an easy task. Since the 1980s, China's energy production has still conformed to its development model. This has meant an over-reliance on coal and a postponement of policies to combat energy inefficiencies that could undermine economic growth.

Only recently has the Communist Party developed an energy transition plan as part of its Energy Development Strategy Action Plan, redoubling efforts to achieve its goal of transforming China into an "ecological civilization. Today, China is the largest consumer of energy, accounting for 23 percent of global demand, and the largest consumer of coal, posing great challenges to the much-desired green transition.

In contrast to this scenario, China is actively investing in renewable energy, setting efficiency goals and standards, and converging policies to create economic incentives for the non-state sector to change the culture of consumption. China is already the world's leading investor in renewable energy, planning to invest another $360 billion by 2025. However, the installed capacity of coal power is not expected to peak until 2025, while the green transition already faces a huge number of trade-offs.

Key words: China, CCP, TNC, ecology, green energy.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.049

E.L. ANOSOVA Student of the Institute of World Economy and international relations, Baikal State University, Irkutsk, Russia

Y.A. SHITIKOVA Senior lecturer of the Department of Russian and Intercultural Communication, Baikal State University, Irkutsk, Russia

POSITION OF INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS WITH REGARD TO TERRITORIAL DISPUTES IN THE SOUTH CHINESE SEA

Since the end of the Cold War, the South China Sea (SCS) has gradually become increasingly important from an international security perspective. Several countries claimed islands, cliffs and adjacent waters, and these claims are still fiercely contested today. The SCS is one of the most important maritime communication lines (MCLs) in the world, is strategically located in terms of military and trade flows, and is abundant in marine natural resources, whose valuation is likely to increase exponentially once exploration of oil and gas resources in the region is completed and full-scale production begins. Four of the main contenders (Vietnam, Malaysia, the Philippines and Brunei) are members of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). Of the two remaining challengers – the People's Republic of China (PRC) and the Republic of China (ROC) in Taiwan – Beijing poses the greatest threat to ASEAN members.

Growing tensions between China and several countries in Southeast Asia over the disputed waters of the South China Sea have become one of the largest potential flashpoints in the region. At the same time, the resolution of this "Asian problem" becomes a litmus test for the future status of U.S. supremacy, as the country faces crucial opportunities to prove its hegemonic sustainability and its military and diplomatic skills to protect its allies and friends, while navigating competition with a rising China.

Key words: South China Sea, PRC, US, ASEAN, territorial disputes.

STUDENT SCIENCE

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.050

D.V. BRATKOVSKAYA Student Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia

YA.D. ROGOVA Student Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia

S.A. TOKAREVA Student Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia

PRC CYBERSECURITY FEATURES

The problem of legal regulation of cybersecurity and cybersecurity as such in world politics has become an organic component of the state policy for the development of the national information technology sector. If earlier it was possible not to use the Internet at all, stopping only at the document flow, then at this stage of development this is impossible, since cyberspace has become a part of modern life, including political life. Cybersecurity is one of the main tools for ensuring the security and stability of the state, and its role continues to grow, which makes the topic relevant for consideration.

In the article, the author examines the features of cybersecurity and its specifics in the PRC, determines the structure of the Chinese cybersecurity system.

Key words: international relations, security, cybersecurity, legal regulation, PRC, CCP, cyberpower, innovation.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.051

D.A. VOLZHANIN Student, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia

A.D. SERIKBAYEVA Student, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia

POLITICAL MANIPULATION: PURPOSE, METHODS, TOOLS, ETHICAL ASPECT

The rapid development of technologies used in the political process allows for the manipulation of public opinion. Political actors can change the consciousness of the population in order to realize their goals. This problem cannot go unnoticed, and the question arises about the essence of political manipulation and ethical regulation of the processes of influence on the mass consciousness of the population.

The paper analyzes the components of political manipulation: the concept, structure, purpose, methods, and tools. The issue of ethical regulation of political manipulation is investigated.

The main aspects of political manipulation, including its concept, structure, methods, goals, and tools, were identified because of the research. The consequences of using manipulative techniques in politics were analyzed, and ethical aspects were identified. The paper also offers some recommendations for the regulation and protection of democratic principles in the context of the use of these technologies.

Key words: manipulation, political manipulation, media, ethical aspect of political manipulation, regulation of political manipulation.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.052

A.A. PRISEKIN Master student of the Department of Comparative Political Science, Faculty of Political Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

RESEARCH PARKS AS AN ELEMENT OF INNOVATION POLICY: MODELS AND TECHNOLOGIES (BASED ON THE MATERIALS OF TECHNOPARK-MORDOVIA AND MORION DIGITAL)

The implementation of scientific and technical policy, the development of the innovation sphere, the formation of scientific and economic clusters should meet not only modern socio-economic challenges but also the needs of the actors of innovation activities that affect economic growth and national interests. Research parks is a relatively young institute for domestic practice which has passed several stages of transformation but needs active study and analysis due to the effective method of interaction between the state, business and science for the creation and improvement of technologies. The result of the study was a qualitative and quantitative comparison of two domestic research parks, identification of strengths and weaknesses of innovation activity organization models implemented in the studied research parks as well as identification of the main and important directions necessary for both domestic innovative development and for the improvement of the research parks institute.

Key words: research parks, economic growth, comparative analysis, scientific and technical policy, innovation, innovation policy, innovative development.

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