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OUR AUTHORS

AFONIN M.V. – Candidate of Law Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Socio-Political Institutes of Processes and Technologies of the Faculty of Political and Social Technologies, Russian state social university, Moscow, Russia.

AKHMETKARIMOV B.G. – Associate Professor of the Department of International Relations, World Politics and Diplomacy, IMO KFU, Kazan, Russia.

ALBAKOV M.A. – Postgraduate student of the department of national and federal relations of the Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation, Institute of Public Administration and Management, Moscow, Russia.

ALIMOV B.H. – Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of International Relations, World Politics and Diplomacy, IMO KFU, Kazan, Russia.

ALISKHANOVA M.H. – Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Museum Studies and Cultural Studies of the Chechen State University. A.A.-H. Kadyrov, Grozny, Russia.

ANOSOVA E.L. – Student of the Institute of World Economy and international relations, Baikal State University, Irkutsk, Russia.

ANTONTSEVA V.A. – Candidate of historical sciences, associate professor, Department of regional studies, Tver state University, Tver, Russia.

BOBROVSKY I.A. – Postgraduate student of the Department of Russian History Voronezh State Pedagogical University, Voronezh, Russia.

BODROV A.K. – Postgraduate student of the Department of Russian Politics, Faculty of Political Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.

BOLTENKOVA L.F. – Doctor of Law, Professor, Moscow, Russia.

BRATKOVSKAYA D.V. – Student Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia.

BUDAEVA D.TS. – Candidate of Political Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Management of the Buryat State University named after Dorji Banzarov, Ulan-Ude, Republic of Buryatia, Russia.

DANILOV A.YU. – Postgraduate student of the Office of Postgraduate and Doctoral Studies, Russian Academy of National Economy and State service under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.

DOBRYAK S.YU. – Candidate of Psychological Sciences, Associate Professor, Mikhailovskaya Military Artillery Academy, St. Petersburg, Russia.

DYAKOV S.I. – Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Associate Professor Mikhailovskaya Military Artillery Academy, St. Petersburg, Russia.

ERMAKOV K.A. – Legal Adviser, LLC "APEK-consulting", Moscow, Russia.

EROKHIN N.A. – History and social studies teacher Municipal Autonomous Educational Institution secondary school No. 1 – "Skolkovo School – Tambov", Tambov, Russia.

FAKHRTDINOV F.R. – Master's student, Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University named after I.N. Ulyanov, Ulyanovsk, Russia.

FAN-YUNG G.YU. – Ph.D. of Hist.Sc., Associate Professor of the Department of Social sciences, Volga Region State University of Physical Culture, Sport, and Tourism, Kazan, Russia.

GONCHAROV A.S. – Bachelor, laboratory researcher, Stavropol State Pedagogical Institute, Stavropol, Russia.

GOROKHOV V.V. – Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor, Mikhailovskaya Military Artillery Academy, St. Petersburg, Russia.

GRISHIN YA.YA. – Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor of the Department of International Relations, World Politics and Diplomacy Institute of International Relations of Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan, Russia.

GROMOV V.V. – Postgraduate Student, Department of Political Science and Political Administration of the Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.

GUDILINA E.N. – Postgraduate student of the Department of Theory and Philosophy of Politics, Faculty of Political Science, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia.

GUSEYNOVA D.M. – PhD student, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.

HAO LUN – Candidate of Political Sciences (Moscow State University), Doctor of Political Science (Peking University), Research Fellow, School of Humanities and Social Sciences, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, China.

ILYUSHIN P.S. – PhD student (Political Science), Diplomatic Academy of the Russian Foreign Ministry, Moscow, Russia.

IVANOV M.A. – Lecturer of the Department of Complex Humanities of the Russian State Social University, Moscow, Russia.

KHLOPOV O.A. – PhD in Political Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of International Relations, Political Science and Foreign Regional Studies, Russian State University for the Humanities (RSUH), Moscow, Russia.

KOLOSOVA I.V. – PhD (history), Associate professor of Politology and Political Philosophy Department, Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.

KOSTINA T.A. – Postgraduate student of the Department of Political Sciences and International Relations Historical and Philological Faculty of Chelyabinsk State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia.

KRIVOVA A.L. – Lecturer of the Department of Human Rights of the Faculty political and social sciences, Russian state social university, Moscow, Russia.

LOMTEV A.V. – Ph.D. (Candidate of Political Sciences), Associate Professor at the Department of Political Science of Institute of History and Policy of Moscow State Pedagogical University, Moscow, Russia.

MAO SHUO – Postgraduate, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.

MARTYSHKIN S.A. – Doctor of historical sciences, professor, Head of the Department of State and Municipal Administration Samara National Research University named after Academician S.P. Koroleva, Samara, Russia.

MAXIMOV M.V. – Postgraduate student of the South Russian Institute management – a branch of the Russian Academy of National Economy and public service under the President of the Russian Federation, Rostov-on-Don, Russia.

MAYSTAT M.A. – Ph.D. (Candidate of Political Sciences), Associate Professor at the Department of Political Science of Institute of History and Policy of Moscow State Pedagogical University, Moscow, Russia.

MAZHNIKOV V.I. – Candidate of philosophical sciences, associate professor, Moscow financial-industrial university "Synergy", Moscow, Russia.

MAZIN A.V. – Postgraduate student of the of study at the Department of the History of State and Municipal Administration, Faculty of Public Administration, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.

MEZHYDOV T.M. – Postgraduate student of the Office of Postgraduate and Doctoral Studies, Russian Academy of National Economy and State service under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.

MOHAMMAD MAKSUDUR RAHMAN – M.Sc. (Polit.); Junior Researcher; Institute of Socio Political Research – Branch of the Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (ISPR FCTAS RAS), Moscow, Russia.

MUKHAMEDOV R.A. – Doctor of I.N., Professor, Ulyanovsk, Russia.

NAONOV M.M. – Student of the Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia, Moscow, Russia.

OBOLKIN E.S. – Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor, East Siberian branch of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Russian State University of Justice, Irkutsk, Russia.

OMAROVA T.R. – Master's student at the Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.

OMELKOVICH A.V. – Student of the department of national and world economy Samara State Technical University, Samara, Russia.

PEREVALOV I.N. – The applicant, Mikhailovskaya Military Artillery Academy, St. Petersburg, Russia.

POZHVANOVA E.A. – Student of the Faculty of State and Municipal Administration of the Synergy University, Moscow, Russia.

PRISEKIN A.A. – Master student of the Department of Comparative Political Science, Faculty of Political Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.

RAKHIMOV K.KH. – Candidate of Historical Sciences, senior lecturer, Departments of Theory and History of International Relations, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba, Head of the Central Asia Sector Center for Research of Post-Soviet Countries (CIS), Moscow, Russia.

RASSADIN A.A. – Postgraduate student of the Department of State and Municipal Management, Samara National Research University named after Academician S.P. Koroleva, Samara, Russia.

ROGOVA YA.D. – Student Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia.

SAJID MOSTAFIZ NAHID – Master's Student, RUDN University, Dhaka, Bangladesh.

SERIKBAYEVA A.D. – Student, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia.

SHANGARAEV R.N. – Doctor of Science, Associate Professor of the Department of strategic communications and public administration, Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.

SHAVLAEVA T.M. – Doctor of historical sciences, chief scientific employee of the Department of Ethnology of the Institute for Humanitarian Research of the Academy of Sciences of the Chechen Republic, Grozny, Chechen Republic, Russia.

SHIRIIAZDANOVA I.F. – PhD in History, Senior Lecturer, the Department of Theory and History of International Relations, RUDN University, Moscow, Russia.

SHITIKOVA Y.A. – Senior lecturer of the Department of Russian and Intercultural Communication, Baikal State University (BSU), Irkutsk, Russia.

SHKURENKO E.D. – Student of the Department of International Relations and Customs Affairs, Baikal State University (BSU), Irkutsk, Russia.

SKUTINA S.G. – Leading Specialist department of postgraduate and doctoral studies RANEPA, Moscow, Russia.

STROIKOV V.A. – Applicant, Department of Political Science and Political Administration of the Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.

SULUMOV Z.KH. – Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of History of the Chechen State Pedagogical University, Grozny, Russia.

SVIRIDOV D.YU. – Master's student of the Department of Political Science and Applied Political Work of the Faculty political and social sciences Russian State Social University", Moscow, Russia.

SYZDYKOVA ZH.S. – Doctor of History, Professor, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Institute of Asian and African Studies, Moscow, Russia.

TANG WEI – PhD in Law (Peking University), postdoctor of Philosophy (Peking University), associate professor of Research Center of Ukraine and Research Center of Russian Philology and Culture in Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China.

TERESHCHENKO O.V. – Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor of Department of Socio-Economic and Humanitarian Disciplines, Stavropol branch of the Krasnodar University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Stavropol, Russia.

TOKAREVA S.A. – Student Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia.

TSWETKOV A.V. – Chairman of the Tver city public organization «Сlub of lovers of military history «Knight»», Tver, Russia.

UPOROV I.V. – Doctor of History, Ph.D., Professor, Krasnodar University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Krasnodar, Russia.

USHMAEVA K.A. – Doctor of Historical Sciences, associate professor, Professor of Department of Socio-Economic and Humanitarian Disciplines, Stavropol branch of the Krasnodar University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Stavropol, Russia.

UTEKOVA Z.D. – Postgraduate student of the Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia.

VAKILOVA V.R. – Senior Lecturer, Department of Fundamental legal and social and humanitarian disciplines, Synergy University, Moscow, Russia.

VANYAGIN V.E. – Candidate of Military Sciences, St. Petersburg Military Order of Zhukov Institute of the National Guard Troops of the Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, Russia.

VOLZHANIN D.A. – Student, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia.

VYKHODETS R.S. – PhD in Philosophy, Associate Professor of the Department of Theory and History of International Relations, St. Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia.

WANG XIAOQUN – Postgraduate student of the Moscow State University. M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia.

YATSENKO A.S. – Student at the Department of Political Science of Institute of history and policy of Moscow State Pedagogical University, Moscow, Russia.

ZHOU QINGCHAO – Postgraduate student of the Department of Global Studies, Faculty of Global Processes, Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia.

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Scientific Journal “Issues of National and Federative Relations”. Volume 13. Issue 5 (98), 2023

CONTENTS

NATIONAL HISTORY, ETHNOLOGY AND ETHNOGRAPHY

• Shavlaeva T.M. Clergy of the Historical Region of Chechnya Cheberloy: Abdul-Hamid Abdusalamov (Based on Field Materials)
• Uporov I.V. Manifesto of 1763 Catherine II as the Beginning of Systemic Legal Regulation of Censorship Relations
• Ushmaeva K.A., Tereshchenko O.V., Goncharov A.S. Concentric Dynamics of the Development of the Wild Fields by the Cossacks in the XIV-XV Centuries (Based on the Translated Station Books of the Kuban)
• Mukhamedov R.A., Fakhrtdinov F.R. The State of Schools of National Minorities in the Ulyanovsk Province in 1924/25
• Perevalov I.N., Dyakov S.I., Dobryak S.Yu., Gorokhov V.V., Vanyagin V.E. Post-War Period of Development of the Institute of Retraining and Advanced Training of Artillery Commanders (1945-1954)
• Antontseva V.A., Tswetkov A.V. Propaganda War on the Territory of Leningrad and Pskov Regions in the German Rear in 1941-1944
• Sulumov Z.Kh., Aliskhanova M.H. Implementation of Party Policy in the Sphere of Reconstruction of the Oil Industry Chechen-Ingushetia During the Second Five-Year Plan (1933-1937)
• Obolkin E.S. Historiography of the Formation of Statehood and the Rights of Ancient Rus'
• Fan-Yung G.Yu. Scientific Work of the D.I. Mendeleev"About the Modern Development of Some Chemical Enterprises as Applied to Russia and about the World Exhibition of 1867" as a Historical Source
• Mazhnikov V.I. Features of Teaching Domestic Policy in the Course of National History
• Ivanov M.A. Posad Self-Government in Russia in the XVI-XVIII Centuries in Pre-Revolutionary Historiography
• Bobrovsky I.A. "Green Armies" of Deserters of the Voronezh Province
• Mazin A.V. Russian Industry in 1914-1917

HISTORY AND THEORY OF POLITICS

• Boltenkova L.F. Regulation of Gender Issues in the Context of Religion (in Several Articles). Article Two
• Tang Wei, Hao Lun. Russian-Ukrainian Cultural Spiritual Community in the Literary Work of Taras Shevchenko
• Danilov A.Yu. Methodological Analysis of the Concept of Gender as a Political Category

POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES

• Budaeva D.Ts. Directions of National Policy in Areas of Compact Residence of Indigenous Peoples: Municipal Level
• Vykhodets R.S. The Role of Artificial Intelligence Technologies in Providing Information and Psychological Security
• Kolosova I.V. Dialogue of Orthodox Christianity and Islam in the Context of State-Confessional Policy in Russia
• Afonin M.V., Krivova A.L., Sviridov D.Yu. Globalization as a Condition and Factor of Interaction Between Society, the State and the Media
• Albakov M.A. Constructivist Approach to the Concepts of «Nation» and «National Identity»: Analysis and Political Context
• Vakilova V.R., Pozhvanova E.A. The Study of the Influence of the Media on the Formation of Public Opinion: Political Analysis
• Bodrov A.K. The Image of the Region as an Instrument of Interaction with the Federal Center: Challenges and Opportunities
• Mezhydov T.M. Results and Trends in the Execution of the Regional Budget of the Republic of Chechnya
• Stroikov V.A. Conceptual and Normative-Legal Foundations of the Modern National Policy of the Russian Federation in the Context of Foreign Policy Risks and Threats
• Wang Xiaoqun. The Phenomenon of the "Party of Power" in the Russian Political System
• Gromov V.V. Conceptual Understanding of the Problems and Prospects of Socio-Political Work with Young People
• Guseynova D.M. The Impact of the Terrorist threat on the Russian State Duma in the Late 1990s.
• Erokhin N.A. Internal Migration Flows in Russia as a Political Issue
• Ilyushin P.S. Interreligious Dialogue as a Socio-Political Strategy
• Maximov M.V. The Experience of Forming a System of Local Self-Government in Russia in the Historical Perspective

PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND SECTORAL POLICIES

• Martyshkin S.A., Rassadin A.A., Omelkovich A.V. Digital Reality in Public Policy and Management
• Skutina S.G. Russian State Policy on the Resettlement of Compatriots Living Abroad: Normative-Legal Framework and Structural and Functional Features
• Kostina T.A. Factors of Formation of State Policy in the Field of Local Self-Government in the Russian Federation at its Various Stages

HISTORY AND THEORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY

• Grishin Ya.Ya., Akhmetkarimov B.G., Alimov B.H., Rakhimov K.Kh. Soviet-Turkish Relations (1923) in the Light of the 100th Anniversary of the Formation of the Republic of Turkey
• Syzdykova Zh.S. Ferghana Valley: Through Dialogue to Cooperation
• Naonov M.M., Shangaraev R.N. Evolution of Turkiye's Regional Security Policy
• Omarova T.R., Shangaraev R.N. Нistory of Migration Issue and its Impact on Italian Foreign Policy
• Gudilina E.N. Discursive Construction of Reality in the Statutory and Program Documents of the Modern Communist Parties of Russia and China
• Ermakov K.A. Extremism as the Basis of the "New Religion" of "Global Liberalism" in World Politics
• Maystat M.A., Lomtev A.V., Yatsenko A.S. The Features of Political and Ideological Processes in Modern Turkey
• Mao Shuo. Zero-Sum Game and US-China Relations
• Utekova Z.D. Image of the Ideal Future of Kazakhstan: Results of Political and Psychological Research
• Khlopov O.A. Eastern Europe in US Foreign Policy at the End of the 20th – Beginning of the 21st Senturiy
• Zhou Qingchao. Prospects for Solving the Taiwan Issue in Sino-American Relations
• Shiriiazdanova I.F., Sajid Mostafiz Nahid, Mohammad Maksudur Rahman. Sustainable Development Goals in Bangladesh
• Sajid Mostafiz Nahid, Shiriyazdanova I.F. Bilateral Ties Between Bangladesh and India
• Shkurenko E.D., Shitikova Y.A. Transformation of Chinese TNCS Activities in the Framework of Green Transition: Problems and Prospects
• Anosova E.L., Shitikova Y.A. Position of International Organizations with Regard to Territorial Disputes in the South Chinese Sea

STUDENT SCIENCE

• Bratkovskaya D.V., Rogova Ya.D., Tokareva S.A. PRC Cybersecurity Features
• Volzhanin D.A., Serikbayeva A.D. Political Manipulation: Purpose, Methods, Tools, Ethical Aspect
• Prisekin A.A. Research Parks as an Element of Innovation Policy: Models and Technologies (Based on the Materials of Technopark-Mordovia and Morion Digital)

Our authors № 5-2023

NATIONAL HISTORY, ETHNOLOGY AND ETHNOGRAPHY

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.001

T.M. SHAVLAEVA Doctor of historical sciences, chief scientific employee of the Department of Ethnology of the Institute for Humanitarian Research of the Academy of Sciences of the Chechen Republic, Grozny, Chechen Republic, Russia

CLERGY OF THE HISTORICAL REGION OF CHECHNYA CHEBERLOY: ABDUL-HAMID ABDUSALAMOV (BASED ON FIELD MATERIALS)

This article, written on the author's field materials, highlights the life and work of a well-known representative of the clergy of Nizhny Cheberloy – Abdul-Hamid Abdusalamov. The theologian comes from a middle-class peasant family. He received his spiritual education in Chechnya and Dagestan. Mullah Abdusalamov was not fond of public speaking and preferred to respond only to questions specifically asked to him. He was not against the Soviet government, did not conduct anti-Soviet propaganda, because, according to the theologian, power is established only by the will of the Almighty. However, Abdusalamov did not hide his attitude to the Almighty, and advised others to observe the values of the Islamic religion, for which he was ranked among the enemies of the Soviet government. According to family legend, the distant ancestors of the Abdusalamovs were considered to come from Arabia, from which they left as a result of a conflict with the nobility of the Quraysh tribe, who allowed excessive influence of Turkic tribes in the Caliphate.

Key words: Chechen Republic, Nizhny Cheberloy, Nizhaloy, Abdul-Hamid Abdusalamov, spiritual views.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.002

I.V. UPOROV Doctor of History, Ph.D., Professor, Krasnodar University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Krasnodar, Russia

MANIFESTO OF 1763 CATHERINE II AS THE BEGINNING OF SYSTEMIC LEGAL REGULATION OF CENSORSHIP RELATIONS

An analysis of the Manifesto of the era of Catherine II under the title "On the prohibition of obscene reasoning and talk related to the Government", published in mid-1763, is presented. It is noted that this act became the beginning of the systemic legal regulation of censorship relations in the Russian Empire, it was published in connection with rumors about the illegal accession of the empress to the throne. The manifesto forbids "perverse interpretations" of the decisions and actions of government structures under threat of punishment. At the same time, Catherine II, positioning herself as an enlightened ruler, was ready to forgive those who, after the publication of the Manifesto, would stop expressing "harmful judgments." However, in the future, critical thoughts, expressed both orally and in writing, continued to take place in Russian society, in connection with which the legislator adopted new censorship charters.

Key words: manifesto, censorship, Catherine II, decree, ban, criticism, libel, charter.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.003

K.A. USHMAEVA Doctor of Historical Sciences, associate professor, Professor of Department of Socio-Economic and Humanitarian Disciplines, Stavropol branch of the Krasnodar University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Stavropol, Russia

O.V. TERESHCHENKO Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor of Department of Socio-Economic and Humanitarian Disciplines, Stavropol branch of the Krasnodar University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Stavropol, Russia

A.S. GONCHAROV Bachelor, laboratory researcher, Stavropol State Pedagogical Institute, Stavropol, Russia

CONCENTRIC DYNAMICS OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF THE WILD FIELDS BY THE COSSACKS IN THE XIV-XV CENTURIES (BASED ON THE TRANSLATED STATION BOOKS OF THE KUBAN)

The article analyzes the process of organic, team development of the space of the Wild Fields by the Slavic population from among the «dashing people», as well as the features of the formation of family life in the conditions of the frontier. The relevance of the study is due to the need for a more detailed study of the Stanitsa books that tell about the early history of the Cossacks during the period of settlement of the upper reaches of the Don and adjacent territories. The practical significance of the study is expressed in the possibility of using its results in the further study of the regional specifics of the North Caucasian Cossacks, their mental and behavioral traits in the period before the formation of a holistic image of the «Cossack-defender of the frontier». The scientific novelty lies in a new look at the process of transforming the Wild Fields from the outback, where dashing people were engaged in robbery and the development of military camps, into a space of a single culture, social and ideological conformity. Within the framework of this study, we use special historical methods, methods of historical anthropology and cultural studies. The results of the study indicate a significant degree of influence of Domostroy on the everyday, family life of the Cossacks, the principles of urban planning, as well as the combination of the nomadic culture of the Horde and Russian agricultural culture in the context of adapting to the harsh living conditions of the inhabitants of the borderlands.

Key words: Wild Fields, Cossacks, everyday life, village, family life, city, quarter.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.004

R.A. MUKHAMEDOV Doctor of I.N., Professor, Ulyanovsk, Russia

F.R. FAKHRTDINOV Master's student, Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University named after I.N. Ulyanov, Ulyanovsk, Russia

THE STATE OF SCHOOLS OF NATIONAL MINORITIES IN THE ULYANOVSK PROVINCE IN 1924/25

The article examines the reports of inspectors of the Educational Department of Public Education in the Ulyanovsk province "On the study of the state of educational and educational institutions in the early years of Soviet power, in the context of the policy of eliminating illiteracy and national "korenization". Data on the financial situation of students and teachers, in schools, orphanages and other types of educational organizations are provided. The problems of the lack of an adequate level of education, the necessary number of teaching staff, shortcomings in the organization of cultural leisure and political education of the population of the province, as well as shortcomings in the organization of educational and educational processes for representatives of national minorities of the county villages of the Ulyanovsk province are raised. The article is based on archival documents, which are being introduced into scientific circulation for the first time, of the Ulyanovsk Provincial Department of Public Education, which set out resolutions aimed at solving the problems and correcting shortcomings in the functioning of educational organizations of the Ulyanovsk province.

Key words: school, USSR, educational program, UlGubono, Simbirsk-Ulyanovsk province, VKP(b), national minorities.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.005

I.N. PEREVALOV The applicant, Mikhailovskaya Military Artillery Academy, St. Petersburg, Russia

S.I. DYAKOV Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Associate Professor Mikhailovskaya Military Artillery Academy, St. Petersburg, Russia

S.YU. DOBRYAK Candidate of Psychological Sciences, Associate Professor Mikhailovskaya Military Artillery Academy, St. Petersburg, Russia

V.V. GOROKHOV Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor Mikhailovskaya Military Artillery Academy, St. Petersburg, Russia

V.E. VANYAGIN Candidate of Military Sciences St. Petersburg Military Order of Zhukov Institute of the National Guard Troops of the Russian Federation, St. Petersburg, Russia

POST-WAR PERIOD OF DEVELOPMENT OF THE INSTITUTE OF RETRAINING AND ADVANCED TRAINING OF ARTILLERY COMMANDERS (1945-1954)

The purpose of the study. To conduct a historical and chronological analysis of the problems of the post-war period of the development of the Institute of retraining and advanced training of artillery commanders (1945-1954). The relevance of the topic is due to the coverage of historical events in the development of the armed forces in the post-war period, as well as in improving the educational activities of a military educational institution that not only trains and retrains personnel for the artillery of the country, but also for foreign countries of the socialist camp, in conducting various tests of weapons and military equipment, devices, developing and testing new guidelines combat documents. Research methods: analytical, scientific, causal, historical and systemic. Key conclusions: based on the above material, we conclude that all activities for retraining and advanced training of specialists for artillery in the post-war period (1945-1954) are characterized by a combination of theory and practice. Great importance is especially attached to the training of artillery instrumental reconnaissance specialists, observer pilots and navigator spotters. Of great importance is the development of a network of various artillery ranges (both for live firing and for firing on imitation vehicles).

Key words: artillery, school artillery, artillery range, specialties, VOASH.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.006

V.A. ANTONTSEVA Candidate of historical sciences, associate professor, Department of regional studies, Tver state University, Tver, Russia

A.V. TSWETKOV Chairman of the Tver city public organization «Сlub of lovers of military history «Knight»», Tver, Russia

PROPAGANDA WAR ON THE TERRITORY OF LENINGRAD AND PSKOV REGIONS IN THE GERMAN REAR IN 1941-1944

The article deals with the propaganda confrontation on the territory of the occupied Leningrad region during the Great Patriotic War, taking into account the old administrative division of the Leningrad region, which until 1944 included the territories now belonging to the Novgorod and Pskov regions. The importance of propaganda methods of struggle in the territory of the region under the conditions of blockade and positional war is emphasized. The low effectiveness of German propaganda work is noted, despite the wide range of methods used. There are such reasons for the failures of German propaganda as the inhumane attitude of the invaders towards the civilian population, the deterioration of the situation on the fronts and the overthrow of Mussolini. The difficulties faced by Soviet propaganda in the occupied Leningrad region are also considered. The article introduces unique archival documents into scientific circulation

.

Key words: propaganda, occupation, occupied territory, partisan resistance, collaborationism.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.007

Z.KH. SULUMOV Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of History of the Chechen State Pedagogical University, Grozny, Russia

M.H. ALISKHANOVA Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Museum Studies and Cultural Studies of the Chechen State University. A.A.-H. Kadyrov, Grozny, Russia

IMPLEMENTATION OF PARTY POLICY IN THE SPHERE OF RECONSTRUCTION OF THE OIL INDUSTRY CHECHEN-INGUSHETIA DURING THE SECOND FIVE-YEAR PLAN (1933-1937)

The article discusses the features of the implementation of party policy in the field of reconstruction of the oil industry of Checheno-Ingushetia during the second five-year plan (1933-1937). The oil industry of Checheno-Ingushetia played an important role in the industrialization of the country. The tasks set for the region under consideration in the field of technical reconstruction of the oil industry were successfully solved. This led to a high rise in the development of the national economy and the strengthening of the country's defense capability. As a result of the reconstruction of the oil industry of Checheno-Ingushetia during the second industrial five-year plan, the republic turned into an economically developing republic.

Key words: Implementation of party policy, reconstruction of the oil industry of Chechen-Ingushetia, the second industrial five-year plan, development of the country's national economy, strengthening the state's defense capability.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.008

E.S. OBOLKIN Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor East Siberian branch of the Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Russian State University of Justice, Irkutsk, Russia

HISTORIOGRAPHY OF THE FORMATION OF STATEHOOD AND THE RIGHTS OF ANCIENT RUS'

Historiography is analyzed in order to highlight the features of the formation of statehood and the law of Ancient Rus'. The methods of scientific research are: analysis, synthesis, induction, deduction, comparison. The scientific novelty of the study lies in the fact that in this work an attempt was made to generalize the ideas of domestic and foreign authors about the Old Russian state. This topic is relevant today, since the study of this issue allows us to holistically comprehend the features of the genesis of statehood and law in Ancient Rus', which influenced the state-legal development of Russia, it is also necessary to assume what the further development of the state and law of Russia will be.

Key words: historiography, statehood and law, Ancient Rus', historical sources.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.009

G.Yu. FAN-YUNG Ph.D. of Hist.Sc., Associate Professor of the Department of Social sciences, Volga Region State University of Physical Culture, Sport, and Tourism, Kazan, Russia

SCIENTIFIC WORK OF THE D.I. MENDELEEV"ABOUT THE MODERN DEVELOPMENT OF SOME CHEMICAL ENTERPRISES AS APPLIED TO RUSSIA AND ABOUT THE WORLD EXHIBITION OF 1867" AS A HISTORICAL SOURCE

The object of our study is the level of development of the domestic chemical industry by the beginning of the 70s of the XIX century. The subject is the features of the development of this industry, reflected in the work of the D.I. Mendeleev. And the scientific authority of the D.I. Mendeleev, and the results of the World Industrial Exhibition, allow us to record the qualitative and quantitative growth of the Russian chemical industry. The work of the future academician lists, firstly, specific enterprises that he visited abroad, secondly, advanced sub-sectors of the domestic chemical industry, and thirdly, there are recommendations for further improvement of the entire specified industry. All this allows us to consider the designated work of the D.I. Mendeleev is a significant historical source that contributes to the formation of scientific ideas not only about the formation and development of the chemical industry, both in the world and in pre-revolutionary Russia, but also about the social consequences of the industrial revolution

.

Key words: Russian pre-revolutionary chemical industry, industrial revolution, Kazan plant of the Krestovnikov brothers firm.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.010

V.I. MAZHNIKOV Candidate of philosophical sciences, associate professor, Moscow financial-industrial university "Synergy", Moscow, Russia

FEATURES OF TEACHING DOMESTIC POLICY IN THE COURSE OF NATIONAL HISTORY

In the curriculum of national history, the study and assimilation by students of the domestic policy of the state is traditionally considered difficult topics. In this regard, the purpose of this study is to carry out a meaningful analysis of the concept of "domestic policy" through the prism of the historical change in the essence of the generic concept of "politics". The main methods that were used when writing this article were methods of analysis and synthesis, a comparative method. The methodological basis of the study was the historical approach. the author comes to the conclusion that the content of the study of domestic policy at the initial stages of history should be the study of the history itself, the formation and development of state institutions of power and the activities of its most prominent representatives. At later stages of history, starting from the Newest Time, the study of domestic politics should also include topics that reveal the influence that various social groups had, in general society itself, on the internal development of state institutions of power.

Key words: politics, domestic policy, state policy, national history, Russian state.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.011

M.A. IVANOV Lecturer of the Department of Complex Humanities of the Russian State Social University, Moscow, Russia

POSAD SELF-GOVERNMENT IN RUSSIA IN THE XVI-XVIII CENTURIES IN PRE-REVOLUTIONARY HISTORIOGRAPHY

Along with numerous historical works devoted to agriculture and the nobility, ocean studies related to issues of public opinion. It is possible to determine the relevance of this issue at the present time, if only because the city assemblies (i.e. merchants, philistines, guilds) were representatives of the urban population of the Russian Empire, playing a decisive role in its economic, cultural and social development.

In this regard, the question arises about the evolution of the system of township self-government.

Key words: merchant class, estate, dynasty, capital guild, trade, industry.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.012

I.A. BOBROVSKY Postgraduate student of the Department of Russian History Voronezh State Pedagogical University, Voronezh, Russia

"GREEN ARMIES" OF DESERTERS OF THE VORONEZH PROVINCE

The article examines one of the key aspects that influenced the formation of the third force at the final stage of the Civil War – the "greens". Desertion is considered as a long-term phenomenon due to Russia's participation in the First World War and the transition of the whole society to Civil War. The key is the strict policy of the new authorities towards deserters, which contributed to the growth of discontent among the peasant population, which also suffered from other phenomena of that period. The formation of the "green movement" contributed to a new round of battles of the Civil War, where the peasantry became the driving force and marked a number of miscalculations on the part of the new authorities.

Key words: desertion, Civil War, "green movement", mobilization, authorities, peasantry, banditry.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.013

A.V. MAZIN Postgraduate student of the of study at the Department of the History of State and Municipal Administration, Faculty of Public Administration, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

RUSSIAN INDUSTRY IN 1914-1917

This scientific article analyzes the structure and state of the industry of the Russian Empire, and later the Russian Republic at the period from 1914 to 1917. The state in which the native industry came to the beginning of the Civil War is considered, and the reasons why it ended up in a similar conditions are described. When writing this article, a descriptive-narrative method was used (description of the events that took place and a list of industries), a historical method (the situation before the start of the World War I logically led to 1917), as well as a typological method (classification of the most important problems).

As a result, causal chains were described that, despite the efforts of individual structures / people, led the industry to a deplorable state.

The prevailing influence of foreign capital, which pulled the country to the role of a raw material appendage, the absence of serious reserves and stocks of ammunition in warehouses, the chronic inability of the governing bodies to effectively coordinate the process, the loss of the moment for the full-fledged mobilization of industry, and many other reasons led to the fact that Russian industry turned out to be in a catastrophic state, and the thousand-year-old monarchy collapsed.

Key words: Special Council, World War I, mobilization of industry, shell shortage, militarization of the economy.

HISTORY AND THEORY OF POLITICS

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.014

L.F. BOLTENKOVA Doctor of Law, Professor, Moscow, Russia

REGULATION OF GENDER ISSUES IN THE CONTEXT OF RELIGION (IN SEVERAL ARTICLES) ARTICLE TWO

In the article, taking into account the growing trend of disregard for spiritual and moral values in the field of sex, the religious (Christian) foundations of sexual policy, philosophical and theological views on this issue are revealed, and proposals are formulated for regulating the problems that have arisen and are being formulated.

Key words: Constitution, Bible, God, God's Commandments, gender, man, woman, family, bisexuality, legislation.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.015

TANG WEI PhD in Law (Peking University) postdoctor of Philosophy (Peking University) associate professor of Research Center of Ukraine and Research Center of Russian Philology and Culture in Heilongjiang University, Harbin, China

HAO LUN Candidate of Political Sciences (Moscow State University), Doctor of Political Science (Peking University), Research Fellow, School of Humanities and Social Sciences Harbin Engineering University, Harbin, China

RUSSIAN-UKRAINIAN CULTURAL SPIRITUAL COMMUNITY IN THE LITERARY WORK OF TARAS SHEVCHENKO

Taras Shevchenko is the “father of the national spirit of Ukraine”, the founder of the modern language and literature of Ukraine. According to Russian judgments about Taras Shevchenko, the famous Chinese translator and scholar Ge Baochuan introduced this point of view to the Chinese scientific community: "Taras Shevchenko is a Ukrainian folk poet, the founder and creator of the Ukrainian literary language." He lived during the Russian Empire. It can be assumed that Taras Shevchenko's contribution to Slavic culture and its people is not limited only to Ukraine, and that he was repeatedly studied, analyzed and evaluated in Russia, Belarus and even in European and American scientific circles at the same time. This proves that Taras Shevchenko is a famous cultural person of the world level. Today, Russian-Chinese relations are developing more friendly. And how is the Taras Shevchenko effect used in the field of history, culture and nation in the analysis of the “community” between Russia and Ukraine? This is not only the task of this text, but also further work – to analyze the common national spirit between Russia and Ukraine.

Key words: Taras Shevchenko, Russia and Ukraine, History and Culture, Chinese School.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.016

A.Yu. DANILOV Postgraduate student of the Office of Postgraduate and Doctoral Studies, Russian Academy of National Economy and State service under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

METHODOLOGICAL ANALYSIS OF THE CONCEPT OF GENDER AS A POLITICAL CATEGORY

The purpose of the study was to highlight the potential of the concept of "gender" as an initial component of the formation of gender policy. On the basis of sociological and political science approaches, the meaningful meaning of the category "gender order" and the reasons for its formation are revealed. The dominant trends of the gender approach in the study of politics, political institutions and processes indicate that there is a masculine factor of these aspects, and the allocation of the category of gender inequality as a socio-political phenomenon. As a result of the study, it was revealed that modern domestic state policy demonstrates, at the same time, not so much a clear focus on the introduction of the fundamental principle of gender equality established by the Basic Law of our country, as the prevalence of the former socialist approach to the implementation of the concept of equality, with an emphasis on "improving the current status of women". The conducted research allowed us to conclude that current globalization trends cause structural transformations of modern societies. Within the political sector, there is an increase in neoliberalism. Gender social groups are characterized by a multiplicity of conflicts and inconsistencies. There is an increase in gender asymmetry, which contributes to the emergence of new forms of such a phenomenon as gender inequality. In these conditions, the need to improve the domestic state mechanism for achieving gender equality is actualized.

Key words: gender, gender, gender policy, gender order, politics, gender equality.

POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.017

D.Ts. BUDAEVA Candidate of Political Sciences, Associate Professor Department of Management of the Buryat State University named after Dorji Banzarov Ulan-Ude, Republic of Buryatia, Russia

DIRECTIONS OF NATIONAL POLICY IN AREAS OF COMPACT RESIDENCE OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES: MUNICIPAL LEVEL

Ethnocultural support for indigenous peoples and issues of improving their social well-being directly depend on the effectiveness of the political and administrative activities of the municipal government, which is in close proximity to the local community. However, this issue is covered extremely rarely in domestic science due to the slow departure from the practice of separating politics and management, and also because of the inattentive attitude to the national policy of the local community.

In this work, in the context of political management, an attempt is made to develop new directions for managing the life of indigenous peoples. This task is in line with the concept of decentralization of management, on which the President of the Russian Federation V.V. Putin has repeatedly drawn the attention of regional and municipal authorities.

The results of the study can be used in scientific developments devoted to the issues of the national policy of local communities, as well as by municipal authorities interested in improving the social well-being of indigenous peoples.

Key words: national policy, decentralization of power and administration, political management, indigenous peoples.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.018

R.S. VYKHODETS PhD in Philosophy, Associate Professor of the Department of Theory and History of International Relations, St. Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia

THE ROLE OF ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TECHNOLOGIES IN PROVIDING INFORMATION AND PSYCHOLOGICAL SECURITY

The article is devoted to the study of the role of artificial (AI) intelligence technologies in providing information and psychological security. The author considers, first of all, two aspects: media (production and dissemination of information) and cognitive (consumption of information). The capabilities of artificial intelligence technologies in the field of production, distribution and consumption of information can simultaneously be used both as means of malicious informational and psychological influence and as means of countering them.

In conclusion, it is concluded that AI has broad opportunities to influence the formation of public opinion. Recommendation systems for the selection of individualized content. In accordance with the preferences of users, they allow a significant impact on the processes of production and dissemination of information. The impact of modern information technologies on the process of human consumption of information, manipulation of values and motives of his behavior generates a whole range of previously unknown challenges and threats in the field of information and psychological security.

Key words: information warfare, information and psychological security, artificial intelligence, AI, deep fake.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.019

I.V. KOLOSOVA PhD (history), Associate professor of Politology and Political Philosophy Department, Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

DIALOGUE OF ORTHODOX CHRISTIANITY AND ISLAM IN THE CONTEXT OF STATE-CONFESSIONAL POLICY IN RUSSIA

The article considers the process of interaction of the Orthodox Christianity and Islam in Russia in the context of the state religious policy formation. The experience of good neighborliness and intercultural dialogue has got deep historical roots in Russia. Along with Christianity, Islam promoted creation of uniqueness of Russia as Eurasian power. Ethnic groups, professing Islam, took part in the development of the Russian statehood. Christian and Muslim cultures, being in constant contact with each other, interacted and mutually enriched each other in poly-confessional Russian Empire. In the Soviet era both religions survived hard times under the rule of atheist state. Meanwhile mutual penetration of cultures of Christian and Muslim ethnic groups continued under the process of creation of the united Soviet social and cultural space. After the deconstruction of the communist ideology and the dissolution of the USSR the potential of constructive interaction of Christianity and Islam grew significantly being realized in the frameworks of peacemaking projects on the post-soviet space. By the present moment the Christian-Moslem dialogue has been carried out on different state and public platforms, in the frames of Interreligious Council of Russia in particular. Special attention is paid to countering religiously motivated extremism and terrorism, mutual social service and youth projects. Christian-Moslem dialogue promotes joint efforts of the Russian society and state for maintenance interethnic and interface peace and harmony, development of the non-conflict intercultural communication and protection of traditional values.

Key words: Orthodox Christianity, Islam, Christian-Moslem dialogue, Interreligious Council of Russia, International Islamic Mission, Bulgarian Islamic Academy.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.020

M.V. AFONIN Candidate of Law Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Socio-Political Institutes of Processes and Technologies of the Faculty of Political and Social Technologies Russian state social university, Moscow, Russia

A.L. KRIVOVA Lecturer of the Department of Human Rights of the Faculty political and social sciences Russian state social university, Moscow, Russia

D.YU. SVIRIDOV Master's student of the Department of Political Science and Applied Political Work of the Faculty political and social sciences Russian State Social University", Moscow, Russia

GLOBALIZATION AS A CONDITION AND FACTOR OF INTERACTION BETWEEN SOCIETY, THE STATE AND THE MEDIA

This article is devoted to the analysis of the concepts of interaction between the state, society and the media in the context of globalization. In the course of the study, the authors pay special attention to original civilizations and cultures in the context of their influence on international relations. The authors conclude that the media is an important tool for establishing communication between society and the state, exchanging cultural values with other actors in international relations, and popularizing national values. Examples of the negative impact of the media through the manipulation of mass consciousness were also considered.

Key words: civilization, culture, information activity of the state, foreign policy.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.021

M.A. ALBAKOV Postgraduate student of the department of national and federal relations of the Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation, Institute of Public Administration and Management, Moscow, Russia

CONSTRUCTIVIST APPROACH TO THE CONCEPTS OF «NATION» AND «NATIONAL IDENTITY»: ANALYSIS AND POLITICAL CONTEXT

This article explores the concepts of "nation" and "national identity" in the context of modern scientific research and political discourse. The author draws attention to many different interpretations of these concepts, since they are studied and considered from different perspectives of social, philosophical, and political sciences.

The article highlights two main theoretical approaches to the study of the nation and nationalism. The first approach, known as perennialism, considers a nation to be a cultural community that has existed throughout human history. The second approach, the modernist paradigm, considers the nation as a relatively new phenomenon that emerged at the end of the XVIII-XIX centuries because of the activities of political actors. In general, the article contributes to the ongoing debate around the main theoretical approaches to the study of the "nation".

Key words: nation, national identity, constructivism, identity politics, political elites.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.022

V.R. VAKILOVA Senior Lecturer, Department of Fundamental legal and social and humanitarian disciplines Synergy University, Moscow, Russia

E.A. POZHVANOVA Student of the Faculty of State and Municipal Administration of the Synergy University, Moscow, Russia

THE STUDY OF THE INFLUENCE OF THE MEDIA ON THE FORMATION OF PUBLIC OPINION: POLITICAL ANALYSIS

This article examines the influence of mass media on the formation of public opinion. The study analyzes the role of the media of the information age in the conditions of the globalizing world, political, systemic, historical, and aspect methodological approaches were used. The authors analyzed the phenomenon of mass media and its functions, reflected the history of the transformation of public opinion, investigated the processes and methods of forming public opinion. Based on the conducted research, the authors conclude that the influence of the media is enormous-both in positive and negative aspects. In a changing globalized world, society is changing, the ways of managing it are changing.

Key words: public opinion, mass media, impact on mass consciousness, mass character, information society.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.023

A.K. BODROV Postgraduate student of the Department of Russian Politics, Faculty of Political Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

THE IMAGE OF THE REGION AS AN INSTRUMENT OF INTERACTION WITH THE FEDERAL CENTER: CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES

The article is devoted to the role of image in the development of the region as a territorial and political entity in the context of interaction between the federal center and the region.

The development of the territory means little if no one knows about it. With the development of social networks and other Internet technologies, branding and marketing tools, no one will perceive and form the image of the region if there is nothing about it on the Internet and social networks. In turn, a positive image of the territory (region) plays a crucial role in creating and developing competitive advantages, the influx of population, investors, and taking the necessary political steps on the part of decision makers. The formation of the image of the region is a strategic process that pays off within 5-10 years. The article will focus on the formation of the image of the region, its varieties, mechanisms and tools, as well as the impact on the interaction of the center and the regions. In addition, a brief analysis of the two regions will be conducted for the formed image and the presence of notable brands in the field of tourism through a review of Internet resources containing information about tourist opportunities in the analyzed regions.

Key words: region, image of the region, interaction of the center and regions, brand, territorial branding.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.024

T.M. MEZHYDOV Postgraduate student of the Office of Postgraduate and Doctoral Studies, Russian Academy of National Economy and State service under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

RESULTS AND TRENDS IN THE EXECUTION OF THE REGIONAL BUDGET OF THE REPUBLIC OF CHECHNYA

The purpose of the work is to analyze the functioning of the budget system of the Russian Federation as a federal center and the specifics of the regional budget mechanism implemented in the Republic of Chechnya. The research methods were regulatory analysis, econometric methods. Using these methods, a comprehensive analysis of the performance indicators of the budget of the Republic of Chechnya was carried out. As a result of the study, the main trends in the execution of the budget of the Republic of Chechnya were identified, both positive and negative. As conclusions, a number of recommendations have been developed aimed at increasing the stability and sustainability of the budget system of the Republic of Chechnya by increasing its investment attractiveness. It should be noted that the joint efforts of the center and the region play a key role in this process, since only with their close cooperation is it possible to quickly and qualitatively improve the mechanism for executing the budget of the Republic of Chechnya and expand the sources of financing of the republican budget.

Key words: budget execution, budget of the Republic of Chechnya, budget sustainability.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.025

V.A. STROIKOV Applicant, Department of Political Science and Political Administration of the Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

CONCEPTUAL AND NORMATIVE-LEGAL FOUNDATIONS OF THE MODERN NATIONAL POLICY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION IN THE CONTEXT OF FOREIGN POLICY RISKS AND THREATS

The designation of objectively manifested and developing foreign policy risks and threats associated with global and regional political-ideological and political-procedural transformation actualizes the clarification of the conceptual and regulatory foundations of the national policy of the Russian Federation, formulated and implemented at the present stage. In this sense, in addition to understanding the relevant restrictive factors and circumstances, it is important for the Russian political leadership to understand the opportunistic and influential opportunities that open up in this regard. With this in mind, it seems expedient to determine the most priority areas of public administration on topical national issues. Accordingly, this is used as a special ideological and practical basis for nation-building at the federal, regional and local (local) levels.

Key words: Russian Federation, existing legislation of the Russian Federation, Russian political conceptions, national policy, national interests, foreign policy.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.026

WANG XIAOQUN Postgraduate student of the Moscow State University. M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia

THE PHENOMENON OF THE "PARTY OF POWER" IN THE RUSSIAN POLITICAL SYSTEM

The "Party of Power" plays an important role in the national governance of modern Russia. The presidential system in Russia and the absence of an executive party determined the formation of the Russian "party of power". In view of this unique phenomenon of building political parties in the process of Russian national governance, this article provides a preliminary discussion of the nature, causes, future and prospects of the phenomenon of the "party of power" in the process of modern Russian national governance.

Key words: "Party of Power"; United Russia Party; Elections to the State Duma.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.027

V.V. GROMOV Postgraduate Student, Department of Political Science and Political Administration of the Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

CONCEPTUAL UNDERSTANDING OF THE PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS OF SOCIO-POLITICAL WORK WITH YOUNG PEOPLE

The problems of modern youth participation in political decision-making and in the political life of society and the state as a whole are characterized by quite serious ambiguity and inconsistency, even in a situation where there are obvious and tangible advantages and advantages. By and large, the specifics of the activities of youth organizations in the socio-political environment are mainly due to systemic interest, age-related activism, a high degree of learning ability, the assimilation of new technologies and resources, which is typical for representatives of the younger generation. At the same time, in modern conditions, the problems of increasing negative foreign policy risks and threats that have a destructive and unbalancing effect on the growth and development of modern youth are being actualized. In this sense, issues and problems are of particular importance, firstly, the formulation and implementation of a balanced youth policy, secondly, the regulation and streamlining of responsible state authorities and public institutions, thirdly, the renewal of institutional and structural-functional specifics of socio-political activities of youth groups, and fourthly, the definition of fundamental problems and prospects of working with young people at the present stage. At the same time, the key intention of this is to operate with the terminology of ensuring political stability and security of society and the state, considering the existing national ideological, value and regulatory conjuncture.

Key words: young people, state, society, nation, political stability, public safety.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.028

D.M. GUSEYNOVA PhD student, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

THE IMPACT OF THE TERRORIST THREAT ON THE RUSSIAN STATE DUMA IN THE LATE 1990S.

The article analyses the impact of the escalating terrorist threat on the State Duma in the late 1990s. The relevance of this study stems from the need to develop effective measures to combat terrorism in the 21st century, given the constant development of this phenomenon, as well as the lack of research on the topic. The aim of the study is to identify the features of the State Duma functioning on the basis of its verbatim records, to analyse the statements of deputies of different factions in connection with certain terrorist attacks or actions of terrorists, to determine the level of consistency of the legislative body. The study of the work of the State Duma allows us to identify effective and, on the contrary, erroneous measures and methods of deputies' work against the background of the growing terrorist threat and, based on the available knowledge and experience, to develop a more adequate strategy in the future.

Key words: Chechen war, terrorism, internal political process in Russia in the late 1990s.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.029

N.A. EROKHIN History and social studies teacher Municipal Autonomous Educational Institution secondary school No. 1 – "Skolkovo School – Tambov", Tambov, Russia

INTERNAL MIGRATION FLOWS IN RUSSIA AS A POLITICAL ISSUE

The article describes the main internal migration flows and analyzes the political consequences of internal migration in Russia. Being the largest country in the world in terms of territory, Russia is losing its positions in the demographic field from year to year. The population of Russia can be characterized as small and aging, the total fertility rate is below the level of simple reproduction of the population. At the same time, the settlement of Russians across the country is extremely heterogeneous – the majority of the population lives in the European part of the country, which makes up 15% of the territory, namely, in a conditional triangle with peaks in St. Petersburg, Sochi and Yekaterinburg. The area of this triangle practically fills all zones with favorable climatic conditions in the Russian Federation and a relatively good level of infrastructure, while the remaining 85% of the country's territories are sparsely populated. Migration flows that have formed over the past 30 years further exacerbate this imbalance, which creates a number of political problems, both internal and external.

Key words: internal migration, urbanization, demographic policy, western drift.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.030

P.S. ILYUSHIN PhD student (Political Science) Diplomatic Academy of the Russian Foreign Ministry, Moscow, Russia

INTERRELIGIOUS DIALOGUE AS A SOCIO-POLITICAL STRATEGY

The Russian multicultural space contains risks of exacerbation of ethno-confessional relations. Religions simultaneously have both stabilization and conflict-causing potential, one of which can be revealed during a period of ethno-confessional tension.

The article researches the possibilities of interreligious dialogue as a tool for smoothing and preventing emerging contradictions of a national and confessional nature. In order to build a constructive interreligious dialogue, the state needs to take into account the interests of all parts of the cultural diversity of Russian society.

The research is based on the analysis of the latest statistical data, statements of religious actors and politicians, the legal framework concerning the functioning of religious organizations, as well as on the study of statements of the Interreligious Council of Russia on various topics.

The study shows that there is a problem of observing the principle of equality of religious associations before the law, as a result of which interreligious dialogue mainly becomes an initiative of the dominant religion in terms of the number of followers. Nevertheless, the state maintains constructive relations with all leading, sometimes competing, religious organizations in order to maintain confessional balance and good neighborliness.

The consolidated position of religious organizations on current public issues contributes to the social behavior of followers of the respective religions. Interreligious dialogue has its practical significance, since religious organizations work together within the framework of the dialogue in a number of important areas aimed at the social and spiritual and moral improvement of society.

In this regard, interreligious dialogue in the Russian context becomes a political necessity, and the state uses the opportunities of the dialogue of religions, considering it as a strategy for maintaining stability in society and maintaining the integrity of the state.

Key words: ethniсity, religion, interreligious dialogue, mobilization potential, strategy, cultural and moral values.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.031

M.V. MAXIMOV Postgraduate student of the South Russian Institute management – a branch of the Russian Academy of National Economy and public service under the President of the Russian Federation, Rostov-on-Don, Russia

THE EXPERIENCE OF FORMING A SYSTEM OF LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT IN RUSSIA IN THE HISTORICAL PERSPECTIVE

The article is devoted to the problem of formation of the system of local self-government in Russia in different historical periods. In different periods of time, the domestic experience of organizing local self-government was based on both external convergence and internal models. The author emphasizes the need for a detailed analysis of the development of the local self-government system in Russia in various historical periods in order to further improve the LSG system in the Russian Federation. The conducted analysis shows that without increasing the level of political activity of the population and the formation of a municipal civil society, further improvement in the efficiency of the LSG system in the Russian Federation will be difficult.

Key words: local self-government, local self-government bodies, democracy, models of local self-government organization, political activity.

PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND SECTORAL POLICIES

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.032

S.A. MARTYSHKIN Doctor of historical sciences, professor, Head of the Department of State and Municipal Administration Samara National Research University named after Academician S.P. Koroleva, Samara, Russia

A.A. RASSADIN Postgraduate student of the Department of State and Municipal Management, Samara National Research University named after Academician S.P. Koroleva, Samara, Russia

A.V. OMELKOVICH Student of the department of national and world economy Samara State Technical University, Samara, Russia

DIGITAL REALITY IN PUBLIC POLICY AND MANAGEMENT

This article examines the impact of digital reality on politics, management and business in general, and analyzes the main trends in the public and private sectors related to governance in today's digital world. The study examines the most effective practices for implementing digital reality technologies that can be useful for management professionals and company leaders who want to improve their activities in the digital economy.

Key words: politics, political system, digital economy, management, digital reality, big data.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.033

S.G. SKUTINA Leading Specialist department of postgraduate and doctoral studies RANEPA, Moscow, Russia

RUSSIAN STATE POLICY ON THE RESETTLEMENT OF COMPATRIOTS LIVING ABROAD: NORMATIVE-LEGAL FRAMEWORK AND STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL FEATURES

The implementation of the State Program to assist the voluntary Resettlement to the Russian Federation of Compatriots living abroad, approved by Decree of the President of the Russian Federation dated 14.09.2012 № 1289 «On the implementation of the State Program to assist the voluntary resettlement to the Russian Federation of compatriots living abroad», over the past few years has shown generally positive dynamics. This is achieved not only by optimizing information and communication support and launching special digital services (first of all, this is the Automated Information System «Compatriots», www.aiss.gov.ru), but also through the creation and development of a special network of representative offices and representatives of relevant executive authorities abroad (first of all, this is the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia and the Ministry of Foreign Affairs Of Russia), as well as employees of diplomatic agencies and consular institutions. At the same time, there remains an intention to improve the tools of public administration and increase the effectiveness of monitoring the state of interethnic relations in general. In this context, the problems of normative-legal and structural and functional support for the implementation of the Russian state policy on the resettlement of compatriots living abroad at the present stage are actualized.

Key words: President of the Russian Federation, Government of the Russian Federation, resettlement of compatriots, Automated information System «Compatriots».

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.034

T.A. KOSTINA Postgraduate student of the Department of Political Sciences and International Relations Historical and Philological Faculty of Chelyabinsk State University, Chelyabinsk, Russia

FACTORS OF FORMATION OF STATE POLICY IN THE FIELD OF LOCAL SELF-GOVERNMENT IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION AT ITS VARIOUS STAGES

The article analyzes the modern state policy of Russia in the field of local self-government. The purpose of the study is to identify the main factors that have influenced and continue to influence its development and implementation since the adoption of the current Constitution of the Russian Federation. System analysis, institutional and comparative methods are used. The following factors influencing the modern state policy in the field of local self-government have been identified and studied: 1) the degree of compliance of the chosen model of local self-government with the political traditions of Russian society; 2) the nature of federal relations; 3) the economic potential of municipalities; 4) the level of activity of the population in exercising their right to participate in solving issues of local importance. It is concluded that these factors are institutional, economic and social in nature. They affect different areas of state policy in the field of LSG and are of a long-term nature.

Key words: local self-government, state policy, municipal reform, municipality, federal relations, subjects of the Russian Federation.

HISTORY AND THEORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.035

Ya.Ya. GRISHIN Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor of the Department of International Relations, World Politics and Diplomacy Institute of International Relations of Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan, Russia

B.G. AKHMETKARIMOV Associate Professor of the Department of International Relations, World Politics and Diplomacy, IMO KFU, Kazan, Russia

B.H. ALIMOV Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of International Relations, World Politics and Diplomacy, IMO KFU, Kazan, Russia

K.KH. RAKHIMOV Candidate of Historical Sciences, senior lecturer Departments of Theory and History of International Relations Peoples' Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba, Head of the Central Asia Sector Center for Research of Post-Soviet Countries (CIS), Moscow, Russia

SOVIET-TURKISH RELATIONS (1923) IN THE LIGHT OF THE 100TH ANNIVERSARY OF THE FORMATION OF THE REPUBLIC OF TURKEY

On October 29, 1923, the Mejlis declared Turkey a republic. The path to this extraordinary event was not easy. For it was necessary to liquidate the sultanate monarchy. At the end of 1921, Mustafa Kemal, the head of the Grand National Assembly of Turkey (VNST), announced this at a meeting of the parliamentary faction "Rights Protection Group". In the first period, from his point of view, it was necessary to abolish the sultanate and expel the last sultan and transfer power to the VNST. Shortly before November 1, 1922, when the law on the liquidation of the Sultanate was adopted, the opposition conducted a fierce struggle against political changes. It included Prime Minister Reuf Bey, with whom Kemal Mustafa had a serious conversation. As a result, the head of government not only voted for the destruction of the sultanate, but also proposed to consider the day of the adoption of the law a national holiday.

The proposal for the liquidation of the Sultanate and the expulsion of the Sultan, and the separation of the caliphate from state power is adopted unanimously. The opposition in this case was afraid to vote against. But, be that as it may, the sultan was deposed, as the VNST announced to the public. Prince Abdul Majid, the last Caliph, is elected Caliph.

Nevertheless, the opposition did not calm down. M. Kemal had to travel around the country and explain what was happening. At that time, he still did not dare to proclaim a republic. It needed the right time. It came at the end of October 1923.

This article will examine how Turkey approached this through the prism of its relations with the RSFSR.

Key words: Mustafa Kemal, Aralov, Ismet Pasha, Lausanne Conference, proclamation of the Republic.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.036

ZH.S. SYZDYKOVA Doctor of History, Professor, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Institute of Asian and African Studies, Moscow, Russia

FERGHANA VALLEY: THROUGH DIALOGUE TO COOPERATION

The article deals with border territorial disputes between the states of Central Asia. It is noted that these problems have been accumulating for many years, starting back in the period when the Central Asian countries joined the Russian Empire. The arrival of the new administration brought with it a new administrative and management system. After the establishment of the Turkestan Governor-General, the situation in the region has changed radically. It is emphasized that with the establishment of Soviet power, new rules for defining borders came to the region, which occurred without taking into account local traditions and maps of the settlement of various ethnic groups. It is concluded that there is a need for dialogue at the level of heads of state to solve such a complex problem as the establishment of state borders between the countries of Central Asia.

Key words: border, states, ethnos, Central Asia.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.037

M.M. NAONOV Student of the Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia, Moscow, Russia

R.N. SHANGARAEV Doctor of Science, Associate Professor of the Department of strategic communications and public administration, Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

EVOLUTION OF TURKIYE'S REGIONAL SECURITY POLICY

Due to the peculiarities of its geographical position and the opportunities that geopolitics gives it in this regard, Turkey, both globally and regionally, is a country with one of the most extensive packages of policy options.

Key words: Russia, Turkey, Foreign policy, Caucasus, Central Asia, Pan-Turkism.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.038

Т.R. OMAROVA Master's student at the Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

R.N. SHANGARAEV Doctor of Political Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department public administration in foreign policy activities of the Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

НISTORY OF MIGRATION ISSUE AND ITS IMPACT ON ITALIAN FOREIGN POLICY

Migration is an integral part of the world, both past and present, and it will continue to be so. The modern world is inconceivable without it. Throughout the history of civilization, people have always been on the move. The migratory factor has always had and continues to have a significant influence on Italy's foreign policy agenda. The influx of migrants into the country has posed challenges that require diplomatic interaction and cooperation with neighboring countries, the European Union, and other international organizations. In this study, the authors aim to examine the impact of the migratory factor on Italy's foreign policy processes. The objective is to explore and analyze the specific effects of the migration crisis on politics in Italy.

Key words: Italian Republic, migration, migration crisis, foreign policy processes in Italy, European Union.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.039

E.N. GUDILINA Postgraduate student of the Department of Theory and Philosophy of Politics, Faculty of Political Science, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia

DISCURSIVE CONSTRUCTION OF REALITY IN THE STATUTORY AND PROGRAM DOCUMENTS OF THE MODERN COMMUNIST PARTIES OF RUSSIA AND CHINA

The relevance of the research is related to the fact that through discourse, a political subject not only articulates his ideological position, but also influences individual and collective consciousness, its semantic, value and ideological content. The purpose of the study is to identify similarities, differences and features of the discursive construction of reality in the statutory and program documents of the modern Communist parties of Russia (the CPRF) and China (the CPC). Comparison lines are set and used to identify the uniqueness of the constructed discourse by the CPRF and the CPC. Discursive and conceptual analysis is used as a research method. In the course of the study, similarities were noted in the use of traditional constructions of Marxist-Leninist discourse. The differences related to the active role of the CPC in the enrichment and development of communist discourse are revealed. The appeal of the CPC to a collective utopia for articulating the concepts of the Chinese dream, the community of the common destiny of mankind and ecocivilization is noted. The obtained research results link the discursive construction of reality by political parties not only and not so much with the possession of a power resource, but with a number of objective ones, as well as subjective factors (political will leading to the dominance of a particular discourse; the ability of a political subject to use the potential of a collective utopia).

Key words: discursive construction of reality, communist discourse, collective utopia, the CPRF, the CPC.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.040

K.A. ERMAKOV Legal Adviser LLC "APEK-consulting", Moscow, Russia

EXTREMISM AS THE BASIS OF THE "NEW RELIGION" OF "GLOBAL LIBERALISM" IN WORLD POLITICS

The article examines the approximate trajectory of the development of the "color revolution", defines the actions of external and internal actors in the media and digital space, in the field of public diplomacy, during the coordination of protests and clashes. The definitions given to terrorism and extremism in the Russian Federation and the United States of America are compared with the actual actions of organizing the "color revolution". Using the method of structural and functional analysis, the conclusion is made about the extremist nature of "global liberalism" as a "new religion" and the presence of signs of state terrorism in its dissemination activities.

Key words: "color revolution", "global liberalism", extremism, terrorism, Russian Federation, USA.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.041

M.A. MAYSTAT Ph.D. (Candidate of Political Sciences), Associate Professor at the Department of Political Science of Institute of History and Policy of Moscow State Pedagogical University, Moscow, Russia

A.V. LOMTEV Ph.D. (Candidate of Political Sciences), Associate Professor at the Department of Political Science of Institute of History and Policy of Moscow State Pedagogical University, Moscow, Russia

A.S. YATSENKO Fourth-year student at the Department of Political Science of Institute of history and policy of Moscow State Pedagogical University, Moscow, Russia

THE FEATURES OF POLITICAL AND IDEOLOGICAL PROCESSES IN MODERN TURKEY

The article is devoted to the analysis of the peculiarities of political and ideological processes in Turkey at the present stage, taking into account the coming to power of the pro-Islamic Justice and Development Party (AKP) and the strengthening of the power of President R. Erdogan.

The authors analyze various points of view on political and ideological trends in Turkey and conclude that for the AKP Islam and Islamism are the basis of Turkish national identity, but it tries to combine Islam and democracy taking into account Turkish secular nuances. As a result, the AKP's post-Islamism, going beyond the concept of a purely Islamic system of governance, includes secular and liberal ideas about democracy. The AKP does not openly oppose secularism, but it is gradually transforming how secularism is interpreted in Turkey.

Key words: Kemalism, post-Islamism, secularism, turkish nationalism, Republic of Turkey, national identity.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.042

MAO SHUO Postgraduate, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

ZERO-SUM GAME AND US-CHINA RELATIONS

Today's world is undergoing an unprecedented transformation, or, in the exact words of the leader of the PRC, Xi Jinping, "changes unseen in a hundred years." Under these conditions, the overall power of China continues to grow, and relations between the United States and China, the world's largest economies, and especially the contradictions that have accumulated between them, are attracting more and more attention. The author of the article analyzes China's diplomatic tradition, which focuses on the principles of peaceful coexistence, the impact of US sanctions, as well as the needs of China's internal development, which puts economic construction in the foreground, and concludes that in a turbulent international situation, high interdependence of the two economies and their irreplaceable contribution to world prosperity, China is determined to develop strong and mutually beneficial cooperation with the United States and firmly opposes the "zero-sum game" in both bilateral and international relations.

Key words: China, USA, bilateral relations, global transformation, trade war, hegemony, zero-sum game, peaceful coexistence, big power diplomacy.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.043

Z.D. UTEKOVA Postgraduate student of the Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia

IMAGE OF THE IDEAL FUTURE OF KAZAKHSTAN: RESULTS OF POLITICAL AND PSYCHOLOGICAL RESEARCH

The article considers the features of the image of the ideal future of Kazakhstan. The practical part of the work is based on qualitative methods, which contain focused interviews in 2021 to analyze the elements of the image of the ideal future of Kazakhstan. In the course of this political and psychological study, a lot of ideal typical ideas about what the life of Kazakhstanis should be like in the ideal future as a whole.

This study is part of a study conducted by the Department of Sociology and Psychology of Politics, Faculty of Political Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University. M.V. Lomonosov, dedicated to ideas about the ideal future.

Key words: image, ideal future, Kazakhstan, Kazakh national mentality.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.044

O.A. KHLOPOV PhD in Political Sciences Associate Professor of the Department of International Relations, Political Science and Foreign Regional Studies, Russian State University for the Humanities (RSUH), Moscow, Russia

EASTERN EUROPE IN US FOREIGN POLICY AT THE END OF THE 20TH – BEGINNING OF THE 21ST SENTURIY

The article analyzes the US foreign policy towards Eastern Europe. The involvement of the United States in the political processes of Central and Eastern Europe has gone through various stages: from the initial period of active actions, to spread of democracy in former communist countries as a priority for American foreign policy, through a period of weakened participation, to the present phase of renewed interest to Eastern European countries because of the deterioration of relations between Russia and Ukraine. The article reveals the causes why US foreign policy have changed towards Eastern Europe at the beginning of the 21st century on the agenda of the White House administrations, both in a conceptual understanding of the significance of this region, and in practical activities to provide economic and military assistance. The author argues that the United States treats Eastern Europe as an instrumental partner in order to contain and limit the influence of Russia.

Key words: international relations, foreign policy, deterrence, Eastern Europe, NATO, EU, USA, Russia.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.045

ZHOU QINGCHAO Postgraduate student of the Department of Global Studies, Faculty of Global Processes, Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia

PROSPECTS FOR SOLVING THE TAIWAN ISSUE IN SINO-AMERICAN RELATIONS

The article is devoted to the consideration of the influence of the Taiwan factor on Sino-American relations. The factor of the Taiwan issue is being studied in the context of the policy of the PRC and the USA. The existing areas of cooperation and contradictions between the PRC and the United States are outlined, forecasts are given regarding the prospects for the development of the Taiwan issue in bilateral relations between the PRC and the United States.

Key words: China containment, one China principle, Taiwan independence, one country, two systems.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.046

I.F. SHIRIIAZDANOVA PhD in History, Senior Lecturer, the Department of Theory and History of International Relations, RUDN University, Moscow, Russia

SAJID MOSTAFIZ NAHID Master's Student, RUDN University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

MOHAMMAD MAKSUDUR RAHMAN M.Sc. (Polit.); Junior Researcher; Institute of Socio Political Research – Branch of the Federal Center of Theoretical and Applied Sociology of the Russian Academy of Sciences (ISPR FCTAS RAS), Moscow, Russia

SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS IN BANGLADESH

Bangladesh is a growing nation located on the eastern coast of South Asia. With almost 160 million inhabitants, it ranks as the seventh most populous country in the globe. During the last few years, Bangladesh has focused on attaining sustainable development. Sustainable growth is characterized as expansion that meets present needs without endangering the ability of future generations to meet their own. In order to balance the advancement of the economy, society, and environment, modern nations must place a high priority on sustainable development. Bangladesh, a developing nation in South Asia, has had difficulty being sustainable because of a variety of problems, including poverty, population expansion, and environmental harm. To improve Bangladesh's economic and environmental situations, the government and other international organizations have started sustainable development projects there. Currently, the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), which have much larger goals, are taking the role of the Millennium Development Goals (MDG). A revolutionary global agenda with the overarching objective of "leaving no one behind," the Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) are a game-changer. Bangladesh's economy is among those that is growing the fastest among those with a comparable climate. Despite various political and environmental challenges, the country has greatly evolved throughout the MDG era. The article will discuss the objectives and outcomes of Bangladesh's sustainable development programs. The government and international partners have launched initiatives to widen access to funding for sustainable development projects. Each country must commit to its own agenda and goals and implement a system for tracking and reporting progress. All countries must overcome significant obstacles in order to assure the SDG's finance and implementation by incorporating it into national policy.

Key words: Bangladesh, Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs), Millennium Development Goals (MDG), Foreign partners.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.047

SAJID MOSTAFIZ NAHID Master's Student, Patrice Lumumba RUDN University, Dhaka, Bangladesh

I.F. SHIRIYAZDANOVA Candidate of Historical Sciences, Senior Lecturer Peoples' Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba Moscow, Russia

BILATERAL TIES BETWEEN BANGLADESH AND INDIA

Bangladesh and India are connected through ties to their shared past, common language, shared culture, and a host of other factors. Strategic collaboration is just one aspect of the two countries' relationship. In India's northeastern area, Bangladesh and India are developing closer ties. This marks a change from the two nations' previous relationship, which was marked by mistrust, insecurity, and suspicion. This recent transformation, which started in 2009 with the advent of Bangladesh's present government, has produced a sense of connection, mutual interest, and cooperation. The purpose of this article is to describe this transition. The traditional origins of unrest between Bangladesh and India, which led to hostile relations between the two neighbors, are discussed in the first section of this article. The second section then focuses on how Bangladesh's relations with India have changed as a result of a convergence of security, economic, and energy cooperation.

Key words: Bangladesh, Geopolitics, Security, Conflict, Economic and Bilateral relation, Energy Cooperation.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.048

E.D. SHKURENKO Student of the Department of International Relations and Customs Affairs, Baikal State University (BSU) Irkutsk, Russia

Y.A. SHITIKOVA Senior lecturer of the Department of Russian and Intercultural Communication Baikal State University (BSU), Irkutsk, Russia

TRANSFORMATION OF CHINESE TNCS ACTIVITIES IN THE FRAMEWORK OF GREEN TRANSITION: PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS

China's pursuit of a "green, low-carbon energy system" is not an easy task. Since the 1980s, China's energy production has still conformed to its development model. This has meant an over-reliance on coal and a postponement of policies to combat energy inefficiencies that could undermine economic growth.

Only recently has the Communist Party developed an energy transition plan as part of its Energy Development Strategy Action Plan, redoubling efforts to achieve its goal of transforming China into an "ecological civilization. Today, China is the largest consumer of energy, accounting for 23 percent of global demand, and the largest consumer of coal, posing great challenges to the much-desired green transition.

In contrast to this scenario, China is actively investing in renewable energy, setting efficiency goals and standards, and converging policies to create economic incentives for the non-state sector to change the culture of consumption. China is already the world's leading investor in renewable energy, planning to invest another $360 billion by 2025. However, the installed capacity of coal power is not expected to peak until 2025, while the green transition already faces a huge number of trade-offs.

Key words: China, CCP, TNC, ecology, green energy.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.049

E.L. ANOSOVA Student of the Institute of World Economy and international relations, Baikal State University, Irkutsk, Russia

Y.A. SHITIKOVA Senior lecturer of the Department of Russian and Intercultural Communication, Baikal State University, Irkutsk, Russia

POSITION OF INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS WITH REGARD TO TERRITORIAL DISPUTES IN THE SOUTH CHINESE SEA

Since the end of the Cold War, the South China Sea (SCS) has gradually become increasingly important from an international security perspective. Several countries claimed islands, cliffs and adjacent waters, and these claims are still fiercely contested today. The SCS is one of the most important maritime communication lines (MCLs) in the world, is strategically located in terms of military and trade flows, and is abundant in marine natural resources, whose valuation is likely to increase exponentially once exploration of oil and gas resources in the region is completed and full-scale production begins. Four of the main contenders (Vietnam, Malaysia, the Philippines and Brunei) are members of the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN). Of the two remaining challengers – the People's Republic of China (PRC) and the Republic of China (ROC) in Taiwan – Beijing poses the greatest threat to ASEAN members.

Growing tensions between China and several countries in Southeast Asia over the disputed waters of the South China Sea have become one of the largest potential flashpoints in the region. At the same time, the resolution of this "Asian problem" becomes a litmus test for the future status of U.S. supremacy, as the country faces crucial opportunities to prove its hegemonic sustainability and its military and diplomatic skills to protect its allies and friends, while navigating competition with a rising China.

Key words: South China Sea, PRC, US, ASEAN, territorial disputes.

STUDENT SCIENCE

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.050

D.V. BRATKOVSKAYA Student Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia

YA.D. ROGOVA Student Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia

S.A. TOKAREVA Student Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia

PRC CYBERSECURITY FEATURES

The problem of legal regulation of cybersecurity and cybersecurity as such in world politics has become an organic component of the state policy for the development of the national information technology sector. If earlier it was possible not to use the Internet at all, stopping only at the document flow, then at this stage of development this is impossible, since cyberspace has become a part of modern life, including political life. Cybersecurity is one of the main tools for ensuring the security and stability of the state, and its role continues to grow, which makes the topic relevant for consideration.

In the article, the author examines the features of cybersecurity and its specifics in the PRC, determines the structure of the Chinese cybersecurity system.

Key words: international relations, security, cybersecurity, legal regulation, PRC, CCP, cyberpower, innovation.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.051

D.A. VOLZHANIN Student, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia

A.D. SERIKBAYEVA Student, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia

POLITICAL MANIPULATION: PURPOSE, METHODS, TOOLS, ETHICAL ASPECT

The rapid development of technologies used in the political process allows for the manipulation of public opinion. Political actors can change the consciousness of the population in order to realize their goals. This problem cannot go unnoticed, and the question arises about the essence of political manipulation and ethical regulation of the processes of influence on the mass consciousness of the population.

The paper analyzes the components of political manipulation: the concept, structure, purpose, methods, and tools. The issue of ethical regulation of political manipulation is investigated.

The main aspects of political manipulation, including its concept, structure, methods, goals, and tools, were identified because of the research. The consequences of using manipulative techniques in politics were analyzed, and ethical aspects were identified. The paper also offers some recommendations for the regulation and protection of democratic principles in the context of the use of these technologies.

Key words: manipulation, political manipulation, media, ethical aspect of political manipulation, regulation of political manipulation.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.98.5.052

A.A. PRISEKIN Master student of the Department of Comparative Political Science, Faculty of Political Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

RESEARCH PARKS AS AN ELEMENT OF INNOVATION POLICY: MODELS AND TECHNOLOGIES (BASED ON THE MATERIALS OF TECHNOPARK-MORDOVIA AND MORION DIGITAL)

The implementation of scientific and technical policy, the development of the innovation sphere, the formation of scientific and economic clusters should meet not only modern socio-economic challenges but also the needs of the actors of innovation activities that affect economic growth and national interests. Research parks is a relatively young institute for domestic practice which has passed several stages of transformation but needs active study and analysis due to the effective method of interaction between the state, business and science for the creation and improvement of technologies. The result of the study was a qualitative and quantitative comparison of two domestic research parks, identification of strengths and weaknesses of innovation activity organization models implemented in the studied research parks as well as identification of the main and important directions necessary for both domestic innovative development and for the improvement of the research parks institute.

Key words: research parks, economic growth, comparative analysis, scientific and technical policy, innovation, innovation policy, innovative development.

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Scientific Journal “Issues of National and Federative Relations”. Volume 13. Issue 4 (97), 2023

CONTENTS

NATIONAL HISTORY, ETHNOLOGY AND ETHNOGRAPHY

• Sinitsyn O.V. Towards Interdisciplinarity: the Question of the Specificity of Historical Concepts in Russian Historiography at the Beginning of the 20th Century
• Boyko N.S., Alexandrov S.G., Seitumer R.R. Government Loans During the Great Years World War II and their Influence on Patriotic Rise in the Country
• Galiullina S.D., Nurgaliev A.R. Formation and Development of Museum Business in Ufa Province (1865-1917)
• Olshanskaya L.V. Legislative Policy of the Russian Empire in Domestic and Foreign Trade in the First Quarter of the XIX Century
• Galiullina S.D., Kotelnikov A.D. Activities of the Guardian Bodies on People's Sobriety in the Ufa Province. 1865-1917. (Socio-Economic Aspects)
• Oskin N.N. Telecommunications in the Russian Empire During the Reign of Nicholas I and Alexander II
• Goncharenko O.N. The Formation of Domestic Local Space in a Provincial Town in the Late 1950-s and 1960-s.
• Tereshchenko O.V., Ushmaeva K.A., Litvinov V.V., Goncharov A.S. The Foundation Case of the First Cossack Towns in the Space of the Wild Fields (End of XIV – Beginning of XV Centuries)
• Boyko N.S., Simonova O.V., Antonova D.A. Comparative Analysis of the Effectiveness of Training and the Deductibility of Students (Kusants), as Well as the Impact of Initial Flight Training on Further Training in General
• Golubov M.A., Ushmaeva K.A., Kolosova I.V., Goncharov A.S. Formation of Legal Consciousness of the Wild Fields Population During the Period of Initial Settlement
• Pogartsev V.V. Formation of the Genre System of Soviet Radio Journalism in the Far East of the RSFSR in the 1920s – 1930s. (on the Example of Khabarovsk and Primorsky Radio Committees)
• Degtyareva N.A. Discussion of the Decisions of the XX Congress of the CPSU in the Country's Komposomol Organizations (by the Example of the Chkalovsk Region)
• Kuznetsova Zh.V. National Horse Competitions as Manifestation of the Mentality of Southern Altai
• Kolmogorov A.M., Lushchaeva G.M. Reorganization of the School Network Structure in the Krasnoyarskiy Krai in 2012-2020. All-Russian Trends and Regional Peculiarities
• Alieva L.V., Tulimonas A.N. Psychology of a Civilian in the Conditions of Occupation of the Pskov Region During the Great Patriotic War
• Saprynskaya D.V. Ideas and Representations of the Jadids about the Nation (by the Example of the Works of M. Bigiev)
• Allanyazov M.B. Zoning of Central Asia
• Merkulov A.V. Labour of Industrial and Agricultural Enterprises of the Ryazan Region During the Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945
• Filippov G.G. Research of the Yakut Pedigree of the Filippovs of the Suntarsky Ulus
• Jin Sil. Migrations of Ethnic Minorities of the Far East (1920-1930s) (Historiography of the Problem)

HISTORY AND THEORY OF POLITICS

• Boltenkova L.F. Gender Regulation in the Context of Religion (Article One)

POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES

• Kryukova E.V., Nadekhina Yu.P. Russia: a Historical View of Clientelism in the State Apparatus and its Current Trends
• Davydova N.S. Civil-Identical Model of Party-Electoral Aggregation
• Savelyeva A.D. Correlation of Civil and Political Activism in Modern Russia
• Savlan R.A. Geopolitical Consequences of the COVID-19 Pandemic: Assessments by Russian Researchers
• Tulinov D.O. Procedural Features of the Electoral Process in the Russian Federation
• Huseyn Abbasov. Digital Diaspora as One of the Collective Identities of Transnational Youth
• Cong Xiaomeng. Modern Regime Transformation: Features and Perspectives
• Chepelyuk S.G. Digital Government Formation: International and Russian Experience
• Jin Yang. The Essence of Political Bots and the Reasons for their Rise in Modern Digital Communications Practices

PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND SECTORAL POLICIES

• Borisenkov A.A., Komar I.V., Makarov A.V. Technologies for Internal Political Management of Mass Events Based on Crowd Diagnostics
• Sergeeva Z.V. Energy Transition and Energy Security: Two Points of View for Russian Energy Policy

HISTORY AND THEORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY

• Pischikova N.P., Savosina Yu.V. The Strategy of «Colliding States» in US Foreign Policy on the Example of the Russian-Japanese War of 1904-1905
• Magadiev M.F. Main Areas of Foreign Economic Cooperation in the Russian Federation within the BRICS Conditions Special Military Operation
• Li Wenzhen, Wu Yanbin, Sun Yu. Chinese-Russian Trade and Economic Cooperation in the Post-Epidemic Era: Features and Prospects
• Ivanchenko M.A. Modern Russian-Latin American Relations
• Jiang Lanhui. Sino-Russian Cooperation from China's Point of View
• Mishina S.G. Conceptual Approaches to the UK Policyin the Field of Nuclear Non-Proliferation
• Pichugin S.A. The Features of Evolution of German Public Opinion about Russia after the Beginning of the Ukrainian Crisis
• Shiriyazdanova I.F., Marchenkova V.E., Skorikov V.V., Solodukhina E.A., Tarasov D.S. Problems and Prospects for the Development of Alternative Energy Sources in China
• Burtny K.P., Paramonov V.B. The Position of World Powers on the Issue of Separatism in Catalonia (on the Example of the USA, Russia and France)
• Shitikova Y.A., Khominok M.E. Digital Currency – the Road to Digital Authoritarianism in China
• Abdulazizov K.M. Historical Features of the Emergence and Development of Parliamentarism in Armenia
• Volovikov A.G. Red Lines in Europe: the Role of Article 5 of the NATO North Atlantic Treaty
• Li Yawen. Consequences of Digital Diplomacy for China
• Osmani Abdul Khalid. Ethno-Political Processes in Contemporary Afghanistan
• Hussein Khalid Abdalla Elteraifi. The Republic of Sudan and South Sudan: Features of Relations in 2011-2021
• Chegodar N.D. Peculiarities of the European Union’s Foreign Policy Decision-Making on the Example of Relations with Russia (2014-2023)
• Chen Zihao, Mao Shuo. Impact of US Sanctions Against Chinese Companies on China's National Security

STUDENT SCIENCE

• Andreev D.A., Mikheev I.D., Smirnov M.M. The Impact of the Social Network Twitter on the Electoral Process in Sweden
• Bratkovskaya D.V., Rogova Ya.D., Tokareva S.A. The Evolution of the Concept of Power in International Relations in the Context of the Information War
• Ivantchov S.A. Legal Approaches and Methods in Countering the Threat of International Terrorism
• Nitchenko A.N. Changing Approaches to Document Management: Artificial Intelligence Technologies in Records Management Systems
• Seraev A.R. The Role of NATO in the Foreign Policy System of European States in 1950-1966

Our authors № 4-2023

NATIONAL HISTORY, ETHNOLOGY AND ETHNOGRAPHY

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97.4.001

O.V. SINITSYN Doctor of Historical sciences, prof. of Kazan (Volga region) Federal University, Kazan, Russia

TOWARDS INTERDISCIPLINARITY: THE QUESTION OF THE SPECIFICITY OF HISTORICAL CONCEPTS IN RUSSIAN HISTORIOGRAPHY AT THE BEGINNING OF THE 20TH CENTURY

The relevance of studying the dynamics of the development of Russian historical thought, using the method of case studies and intellectual history, through the analysis of historical concepts (historical fact, historical pattern, historical method, value approach), which takes place in all the main traditions of Russian historical science – the historiographic constant, will provide an opportunity consider the problem of "break" or continuation of traditions in the methodological understanding of the process of historical writing. Practical significance: turning to the study of the historical consciousness of society, the historian gets the opportunity to consider the development of science from a new angle: a change in the paradigms of historical knowledge appears as a symptom of worldview changes, the formation of new scenarios of collective identity and the preservation of historical memory. A serious and significant contribution to the development of the problem of the specifics of historical science, historical concepts was made by Russian historiography of the neo-Kantian methodological orientation, which set the tone for all theoretical discussions in Russia at the beginning of the 20th century. Purpose: searches by Russian neo-кantian historians and sociologists оf A.S. Lappo-Danilevsky, V.M. Khvosto, M.M. Khvostov, N.M. Bubnov а new ideas in the development of theoretical and methodological problems of historical science will allow a deeper understanding of the processes that took place in Russian historiography and a more complete picture of the fate of world historical science as a whole.

Key words: Russian historiography, neo-Kantian methodology of history, historical concepts, historical fact, historical regularity, historical method, value approach.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97.4.002

N.S. BOYKO Candidate of Law, Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor, Department of Law, Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University named after I.N. Ulyanova, Ulyanovsk, Russia

S.G. ALEXANDROV Graduate student of the Department of History Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University, Ulyanovsk, Russia

R.R. SEITUMER Graduate student of the Department of History Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University, Ulyanovsk, Russia

GOVERNMENT LOANS DURING THE GREAT YEARS WORLD WAR II AND THEIR INFLUENCE ON PATRIOTIC RISE IN THE COUNTRY

The article is devoted to the study of the period of World War II, when the whole country rallied in the face of the enemy and every citizen worked, giving everything for the good of his homeland. The key was the support of the population to the government during state military loans, which took place four times during the war years. The article considers the process of implementing the second state military loan to cities and districts of the Ulyanovsk region, how the subscription loan went, which areas were advanced and which lagged behind, and what were the results of the second state loan.

Key words: state loan, patriotism, bonds, factory, factory, railway station, Soviet government, subscription, debt obligations, cash.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97.4.003

S.D. GALIULLINA Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor, Head of the Department "International Relations, History and Oriental Studies", Ufa State Petroleum Technical University, Ufa, Russia

A.R. NURGALIEV Postgraduate student of the Department of International Relations, History and Oriental Studies, Ufa State Petroleum Technical University, Ufa, Russia

FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF MUSEUM BUSINESS IN UFA PROVINCE (1865-1917)

At present, the Russian Museum World includes state museums, which are funded by the Ministry of Culture of the Russian Federation, and private ones, maintained by public funds. Each such object has its own rich history.

This article is devoted to the study of the formation and development of museum business on the example of one of the regional multifunctional social institutions. In this regard, the goals and objectives of this study are to determine the key stages of the formation and development of museum business in the Ufa province in the period from 1865 to 1917, namely, the organization of the Ufa Provincial Museum. Now the National Museum of the Republic of Bashkortostan, located on Zaki Validi Street (since 2008). In the pre-revolutionary period, the original name of this street was "Bolshaya Ilinskaya No. 6".

The article is devoted to a detailed analysis of the formation of the first museum in Ufa, its founder Nikolai Aleksandrovich Gurvich, the activities of the committee members of the Ufa provincial museum and the progressive public of the region, who are not indifferent to the cultural heritage of the Ufa province. Particular attention is paid to the structure of the museum, departments and incoming funds at different times of the era of the formation of the national heritage. The turning points in the life of the museum are touched upon, which entailed the investment of great efforts to resume activities. This article is of particular relevance because it uses archival sources, first introduced into scientific circulation. Also shown the lessons of the past that need to be used in the present and future in a modern context.

Key words: museum, museum business, Ufa province, Statistical Committee, Bashkortostan, Ufa, N.A. Gurvich, population census, exhibits, collections, exhibitions, governor, agricultural, mineralogical, mining, paleontological, numismatic, zoological, entomological, instances.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97.4.004

L.V. OLSHANSKAYA Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of International Relations and Geopolitics of Transport, Russian University of Transport RUT (MIIT); Associate Professor of the Department "Jurisprudence" of the Moscow international university, Moscow, Russia

LEGISLATIVE POLICY OF THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE IN DOMESTIC AND FOREIGN TRADE IN THE FIRST QUARTER OF THE XIX CENTURY

In the article, the author considers the legislative acts of the Russian Empire that regulate the policy of the state in the field of domestic and foreign trade. Studied and analyzed the legal regulation of the position of the merchants, the possibility of their migration across the country, permits and prohibitions on various types of trading activities. The data concerning the export of grain outside the country in the first third of the 19th century, as well as the increase and removal of duties in this segment of trade, are systematized.

Key words: foreign trade, domestic trade, decrees, policy, transition from the merchant class, grain trade, prohibition of the export of bread.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97.4.005

S.D. GALIULLINA Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor, Head of Department "International Relations, History and Oriental Studies" Ufa State Oil Technical University, Ufa, Russia

A.D. KOTELNIKOV Postgraduate student of the Department of International Relations, History and Oriental Studies" of the Ufa State Petroleum Technical University, Ufa, Russia

ACTIVITIES OF THE GUARDIAN BODIES ON PEOPLE'S SOBRIETY IN THE UFA PROVINCE. 1865-1917. (SOCIO-ECONOMIC ASPECTS)

Currently, the problem of combating alcohol addiction and deviant (deviant) behavior is acute in the Russian Federation. Market relations in the Russian economy enable the population to get virtually unlimited access to a whole range of goods and services that were not available to ordinary citizens during the Soviet era. But at the same time, the number of alcoholic beverages produced and supplied to the market of various types and quality has increased.

Despite the fact that the government is taking measures to limit the consumption of alcoholic beverages, such as: a ban on selling in stalls (including beer, which accounts for 80% of the volume sold), trading at night and holidays, limiting alcohol advertising and multiple increases in excise taxes, the issue of alcoholization of the population remains acute.

The relevance of the research topic is due to the need to optimize and modernize the socio-economic policy of the state at the federal and regional levels. It is necessary to create an effective social protection system. The scientific article examines the socio-economic aspect of the historical experience of cooperation between state authorities and public associations in the fight against alcohol addiction of the population on the example of the Ufa Guardianship of People's sobriety. In Ufa province (1865-1917) there was a developed system of social protection of the population. This rich historical experience should be studied and applied in modern Russia to solve the problem of alcoholization of the population.

Key words: Guardianship of people's sobriety, the Main Directorate of non-payment fees and government sale of drinks, tea houses, alcoholism, Ufa province, a shelter-hospital for alcoholics, folk readings, social protection of the population, library-reading room, people's Park.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97.4.006

N.N. OSKIN Candidate of Technical Sciences, Senior Researcher at the Military Institute (national defense administration) of the Military Academy of the General Staff of the Russian Federation’s Armed Forces, Moscow, Russia

TELECOMMUNICATIONS IN THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE DURING THE REIGN OF NICHOLAS I AND ALEXANDER II

Telecommunications has been developed from the simplest experiments with electromagnetism to an extensive network of telegraphic communication including more than 2,000 miles of wires. Despite the doubts, Nicholas I had to make a choice in favor of developing a new means of communication. At the same time, the construction of territorial infrastructure was slow during the reign of Nicholas I because the country's leadership seemed to be adapting to the new type of communication, assessing its advantages. Alexander II, on the contrary, took a pragmatic approach to the development of telegraph highways. The formation of his views was greatly influenced by the Crimean War and examples of successful organization of telegraph communications by a coalition of states opposing Russia. Both monarchs contributed to the development of telecommunications, which were the continuers of the traditions of the Romanov dynasty, but radically different in their attitude to innovations. It should be noted that the conservatism of Nicholas I with his desire to maintain stability in the state, along with the reformist approach of Alexander II, left their mark on the development of a completely new means of communication at that time.

Key words: information exchange, communication organization, station maintenance service, telegraph networks, telecommunication, electromagnetic telegraphy.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97.4.007

O.N. GONCHARENKO Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Philosophy and social sciences and humanities State Agrarian University of Northern Trans-Urals, Tyumen, Russia

THE FORMATION OF DOMESTIC LOCAL SPACE IN A PROVINCIAL TOWN IN THE LATE 1950-S AND 1960-S.

The article is devoted to the study of the history of formation of everyday life in the period of changes in the Soviet society in the late 1950s – 1960s on the example of the provincial city of Tyumen. The methodology of the study is based on the historical approach. The article considers different types of urban development, which influenced the formation of domestic local space: apartment state houses; departmental two-storey houses; individual, self-built houses. It is definite that the study period begins to form four directions of household local space of the family: collective and individual-private; urban and country (dacha). The author substantiates the idea that in the behavior of city dwellers and the acquisition of material values the orientation on neighbors, co-workers, joint leisure and holidays is preserved. The author emphasizes that a certain influence on domestic life and behavior in the urban space had a migration factor. The author concludes with a well-founded conclusion that despite the apparent monotony of Soviet life, there were peculiarities in the everyday life, which shaped the culture of the provincial town.

Key words: soviet everyday life, domestic space, housing, family leisure, culture.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97.4.008

O.V. TERESHCHENKO Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor of Department of Socio-Economic and Humanitarian Disciplines, Stavropol branch of the Krasnodar University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Stavropol, Russia

K.A. USHMAEVA Doctor of Historical Sciences, associate professor, Professor of Department of Socio-Economic and Humanitarian Disciplines, Stavropol branch of the Krasnodar University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Stavropol, Russia

V.V. LITVINOV Candidate of Historical Sciences, Stavropol College of Economics and Design, Stavropol, Russia

A.S. GONCHAROV Bachelor, laboratory researcher, Stavropol State Pedagogical Institute, Stavropol, Russia

THE FOUNDATION CASE OF THE FIRST COSSACK TOWNS IN THE SPACE OF THE WILD FIELDs (END OF XIV – BEGINNING OF XV CENTURIES)

The article analyzes the key features of the formation of the first large settlements of the Cossacks, social organization among the «dashing people» who inhabited the Wild Fields. The relevance of the study is due to the need to rethink the early history of the Cossacks, the linear and circular structure of settlements engaged in agriculture or military affairs. The practical significance of the study is expressed in the possibility of using its results in restoring fragmentary information about the first dwellings, settlements and social institutions of the Cossacks of the Wild Fields. In the methodological aspect, the results of the study can be used at the level of a higher educational institution, when conducting classes in historical, cultural disciplines and folklore. Scientific novelty lies in the synthesis of different approaches that allow to bring together disparate information about the early history of people who began to call themselves «Cossacks» and reveal the principles of folding the urban structure in the rural environment. Within the framework of this study, we use special historical methods, methods of historical anthropology, as well as methods of folklore. The results of the study testify to the gradual evolution of urban planning, the transformation of linear settlements into circular ones due to the synthesis of domestic, rural occupations of the population with military affairs, which were extremely necessary at that time.

Key words: Wild Fields, Cossacks, city, settlement structure, dwelling, settlement, concept.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97.4.009

N.S. BOYKO Candidate of Law, Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor, Department of Law, Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University named after I.N. Ulyanova, Ulyanovsk, Russia

O.V. SIMONOVA Art. Lecturer, Department of Law, Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University named after I.N. Ulyanova, Ulyanovsk, Russia

D.A. ANTONOVA Graduate student of the Department of History of Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University named after I.N. Ulyanova, Ulyanovsk, Russia

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE EFFECTIVENESS OF TRAINING AND THE DEDUCTIBILITY OF STUDENTS (KUSANTS), AS WELL AS THE IMPACT OF INITIAL FLIGHT TRAINING ON FURTHER TRAINING IN GENERAL

The article made an attempt, based on the data of academic performance, to consider the maintenance and formation of motivation for the flight profession and the impact of familiarization flights of cadets of flight educational institutions, since performing at least several flights on a training aircraft of any type in the first year will contribute to increasing motivation for continuing study, self-development and self-improvement.

Key words: experience, cadet, flights, knowledge, profession, attention, piloting, academic performance.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97.4.010

M.A. GOLUBOV Candidate of Legal Sciences, associate professor, Stavropol State Pedagogical Institute, Stavropol, Russia

K.A. USHMAEVA Doctor of Historical Sciences, associate professor, Professor of Department of Socio-Economic and Humanitarian Disciplines, Stavropol branch of the Krasnodar University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Stavropol, Russia

I.V. KOLOSOVA Police major, lecturer, Department of Administrative Law and Administrative Activities, Stavropol branch of the Krasnodar University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Stavropol, Russia

A.S. GONCHAROV Bachelor, laboratory researcher, Stavropol State Pedagogical Institute, Stavropol, Russia

FORMATION OF LEGAL CONSCIOUSNESS OF THE WILD FIELDS POPULATION DURING THE PERIOD OF INITIAL SETTLEMENT

The article analyzes the key social, military and territorial features that influenced the emergence and development of legal consciousness among the Cossack population of the Wild Fields. The relevance of the study is due to the need for a more detailed study of the causes and prerequisites for the formation of legal consciousness among «dashing people» in the absence of written sources of law as such, in conditions when the main pillar of the proceedings in the settlement were the Bible, Domostroy, oral folk tradition and customary law of the Lithuanian Cossacks. The practical significance of the study is expressed in the possibility of using its results in restoring data on the formation of the first real legal acts among the Cossack population of the Wild Fields, as well as to search for primary sources of law for the Don and Kuban Cossacks in the XVI-XVII centuries. The methodological potential of the study is revealed in the possibility of using its material at the level of a higher educational institution, when conducting classes in historical and legal disciplines. The scientific novelty lies in a new look at the territorial aspect of the origin of the legal consciousness of the founders of the first settlements of the Cossack type. Within the framework of this study, we use special historical methods, methods of historical anthropology and legal theory. The results of the study testify to the gradual evolution of the legal views, assessments and attitudes of the Cossacks, who developed their own historical ideas about the nature of law based on religious and oral sources.

Key words: Wild Fields, Cossacks, legal consciousness, city, settlement structure, social attitude, mentality.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97.4.011

V.V. POGARTSEV Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor Department of Patriotic and World History Pacific State University, Khabarovsk, Russia

FORMATION OF THE GENRE SYSTEM OF SOVIET RADIO JOURNALISM IN THE FAR EAST OF THE RSFSR IN THE 1920S – 1930S. (ON THE EXAMPLE OF KHABAROVSK AND PRIMORSKY RADIO COMMITTEES)

The article examines the problem of the formation of the system of forms of radio broadcasting and genres of radio journalism in the Soviet Far East in the 1920s – 1930s of the twentieth century. As a reference material, the author chose the activities of the two largest radio centers for the period under study: Khabarovsk and Primorsky (Vladivostok). Radio, as a new source of propaganda, needed the emergence and development of its own tools to influence the consciousness of the population of the Soviet state and the Soviet Far East, in particular. The creation of new genres, their approbation and, as a result, selection, make radio broadcasting original and quite unlike other mass media. The author in the article cites as examples new genres of Soviet radio journalism: radio meetings, radio calls, radio raids, radio films, etc. As an example of the use of various radio genres in the field of agitation and propaganda, the article contains excerpts from archival sources, which are clearly, according to the author, demonstrate the spirit and specifics of the period under consideration.

Key words: radio journalism, radio broadcasting, genres, the Far East of the RSFSR, mass media, propaganda.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97.4.012

N.A. DEGTYAREVA Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of History Orenburg State University, Orenburg, Russia

DISCUSSION OF THE DECISIONS OF THE XX CONGRESS OF THE CPSU IN THE COUNTRY'S KOMPOSOMOL ORGANIZATIONS (BY THE EXAMPLE OF THE CHKALOVSK REGION)

Of all the congresses of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, the 20th Congress is mentioned most often in the literature. This is due to the fact that in Moscow in the Grand Kremlin Palace in 1956 the secret report of the First Secretary of the Central Committee of the CPSU N.S. Khrushchev "On the cult of personality and its consequences". However, today it is becoming more and more obvious to us that the congress marked the beginning of the collapse of the USSR. We did not see serious historical consequences from the declared rehabilitation, in contrast to negative trends, such as a split in society and a split in the socialist camp, undermining the authority of the country and the system as a whole. In the light of today's international situation, this sounds especially acute when the Russian Federation joins forces with friendly countries such as China, Iran, Syria in order to face new challenges.

The purpose of our study is to consider the activities of the Komsomol Regional Committee for the study and implementation of the decisions of the XX Congress of the CPSU. The work uses problem-chronological, systemic, comparative-historical and descriptive methods.

The author comes to the following conclusions. The decisions of the congress, such as socialism can peacefully coexist with capitalism, the course "to catch up and overtake the capitalist countries", socialism can be built in various ways, condemnation of the personality cult of I.V. Stalin were fully approved by the local regional and city committees of the Komsomol. All work on the training and retraining of propagandists, on the use of the media, on school and university education was carried out formally. The author shows numerous miscalculations and shortcomings in the work of the district party activists. On the other hand, it is obvious that the local authorities were afraid to let the de-Stalinization process out of control. The process of de-Stalinization in the Chkalovsky region took place calmly and imperceptibly, in contrast to opposition speeches at Moscow State University, Ural University, Moscow Mining Institute, Ural Polytechnic and Pedagogical Institute, Bryansk Agricultural Institute and other educational institutions. Familiarization with the decisions of the congress took place in connection with the tasks facing the region.

Key words: XX Congress, CPSU, Komsomol, personality cult, N.S. Khrushchev, thaw, propaganda, Chkalovsky Regional Committee.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97.4.013

Zh.V. KUZNETSOVA Candidate of Psychological Sciences, Associate Professor, Moscow State Academy of Physical Culture, р. Malakhovka, Russia

NATIONAL HORSE COMPETITIONS AS MANIFESTATION OF THE MENTALITY OF SOUTHERN ALTAI

The article is devoted to the national equestrian sport of the southern Altaians as a manifestation of ethnic mentality. Its relevance is due to the increasing role of the ethnic factor both throughout the world and in the life of our country. The purpose of the study is to study the national equestrian sport in terms of the manifestation of the ethnic mentality of the Altaians. The article substantiates the importance of ethnic equestrian competitions both for the ethnic identity of the competing ethnic groups, and for the cultural enrichment of Russians and the establishment of mutual understanding between peoples. The role of the horse in the worldview of the peoples of Altai is considered. The mental psychological foundations and symbolic content of such popular equestrian competitions of the peoples of Altai as Kök böry, Emdik Uredish and Telengit-kuresh are also analyzed. Based on the results of the study, conclusions are drawn that equestrian sport can be considered as a figurative and symbolic marker of both the general Turkic and the Altai mentality itself, as well as a way for the Altaians to feel their closeness with the long-gone ancestors and generations of epic heroes. Equestrian competitions, in addition to the sports component, are part of a sacred action aimed at obtaining mercy from the spirits of Altai, reflecting the features of the figurative-sign realities of the ethnic mentality of the Altai, as well as the social-normative and figurative-sign realities of the mentality of individual Turkic-speaking ethnic groups of Altai.

Key words: ethnic mentality, "shock of the future", national sport, Kok böry, Emdik Uredish, Telengit-kuresh, natural reality, figurative-sign reality, ethnic marker.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97.4.014

A.M. KOLMOGOROV Master student of the Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia

G.M. LUSHCHAEVA Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia

REORGANIZATION OF THE SCHOOL NETWORK STRUCTURE IN THE KRASNOYARSKIY KRAI IN 2012-2020. ALL-RUSSIAN TRENDS AND REGIONAL PECULIARITIES

The study is devoted to the analysis of changes in the structure of the school network of the Krasnoyarskiy krai in 2012-2020 in comparison with the average Russian indicators. The dynamics of changes in various quantitative indicators are given, for example, the number of school students, the number of teachers and their gender ratio, the structure of the general education network, the average per capita load on teachers and schools. The article is used open data from Federal State Statistics Service, the socio-economic development Strategy of the Krasnoyarskiy krai until 2030, legal acts of the federal and regional levels, which allowed identifying the main directions of reorganization. The features of the reorganization of the structure of the educational network of the Krasnoyarskiy krai as a whole are revealed, as well as an analysis of rural and city areas is given.

Key words: dynamics of the number of schools, dynamics of the number of school students, Krasnoyarsk region, school statistics, changes in the structure of the school network, reorganization of the structure of education, school network.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97.4.015

L.V. ALIEVA Ph.D. in History, Associate Professor, Pskov State University, Senior Researcher at the Research and Educational Laboratory for Studying the Events of the Second World War and Counteracting the Falsification of History, Pskov, Russia

A.N. TULIMONAS Master's student of the Pskov State University, Pskov, Russia

PSYCHOLOGY OF A CIVILIAN IN THE CONDITIONS OF OCCUPATION OF THE PSKOV REGION DURING THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR

The article explores the psychology of a person who found himself under Nazi occupation during the Great Patriotic War. Unlike the articles examining the behavior of soldiers at the front, this publication attempts to find out what the civilian population experienced, daily faced with deprivation and fear of being hijacked abroad or killed by Nazi soldiers. In Russian historiography, this topic remains poorly studied – except in the context of the psychology of blockade runners, many of whom suffer from haording more than a decade later. The article publishes oral testimonies of eyewitnesses that allow us to comprehend the psychology of the civilian population in the occupied territory of the Pskov Region.

Key words: Great Patriotic War, Pskov Region, Nazi occupation, human psychology, civilian population.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97.4.016

D.V. SAPRYNSKAYA IAAS Research Fellow, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Institute of Asian and African Studies, Moscow, Russia

IDEAS AND REPRESENTATIONS OF THE JADIDS ABOUT THE NATION (BY THE EXAMPLE OF THE WORKS OF M. BIGIEV)

The article reveals the well-known ideas of the Tatar philosopher-theologian and publicist Musa Yarullovich Bigiyev about the discovery of the self-consciousness of Muslims in Russia and the world. The figure of Bigiev spread with a progressive trend within the Muslim Ummah of Russia, promoted in the history of Muslims as "jadidism", that is, the ideology of Muslim modernism. The author highlights a versatile approach to understanding the ideas of a political nation and the context of M. Bigiev's ideas, associated with the transitional events of the early 20th century in world history.

Key words: nation, nationalism, Bigiev, Islam, Jadidism.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97.4.017

M.B. ALLANYAZOV Postgraduate student of St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia

ZONING OF CENTRAL ASIA

The article discusses the zoning of Central Asia, when zoning in Central Asia began before the national-territorial demarcation in order to unite them economically, the Central Asian Economic Council was created for this purpose. As a result, economic policy in Central Asia becomes the subject of attention of many people, since zoning covered many territories and farms that were previously poorly studied or generally not represented in the state register of some republics of that period.

An integrated approach to the study of the topic has led to the use of common methods of historical research: comparative historical analysis for, historical description, statistical methods. Research about was carried out in a historical-problem-analytical manner.

The source base of the study is archival documents, published materials and literature. A significant group of sources are published materials of party congresses and conferences.

Key words: Zoning, Soviet power, Central Asia, Central Asian Economic Council, kent, shuro, Republic, reform, region.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97.4.018

A.V. MERKULOV Postgraduate student (Historical Science and Archeology, National History) of Ryazan State University named for S. Yesenin, Ryazan, Russia

LABOUR OF INDUSTRIAL AND AGRICULTURAL ENTERPRISES OF THE RYAZAN REGION DURING THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR OF 1941-1945

This article deals with the events taking place in the Ryazan region during the Great Patriotic War, the evacuation of many key enterprises deep into the rear, the return of these enterprises back in a few months and the operational transition of the specifics of the production of factories and factories to military rails. In particular, about the Murmin cloth factory, which in the first months of the war had to switch to the production of cloth and other products for the Red Army, and about the difficulties the enterprise faced. About the situation that has developed at the Ranenburg Iron Foundry and for which its directors were condemned. Using the example of the Sasovsky district, one can understand what the situation was in the collective farms and state farms of the region at the beginning of the Great Patriotic War.

Key words: Enterprises of the Ryazan region, Great Patriotic War, Murmansk Cloth Factory, Ranenburg Iron Foundry, Sasovsky district, collective farms, state farms, Red Army, Ryazselmash.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97.4.019

G.G. FILIPPOV Postgraduate student of the Northeastern Federal University named after M.K. Ammosov, Yakutsk, Russia

RESEARCH OF THE YAKUT PEDIGREE OF THE FILIPPOVS OF THE SUNTARSKY ULUS

A study of the Yakut Filippov family tree on the territory of the Zharkhan nasleg Suntarsky ulus of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia). The article analyzes scientific research in accordance with the reliability of oral information as a source of primary information in accordance with the ethnographic notes of Seroshevsky V.L. in a comparative aspect with archival sources. The scientific novelty lies in the creation of an objective picture of the construction of a family tree in the context of the historical development of the Suntarsky district.

Key words: genealogy, metric books, pedigrees, foreigners.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97.4.020

JIN SIL Postgraduate student of the Institute of Russian History of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

MIGRATIONS OF ETHNIC MINORITIES OF THE FAR EAST (1920-1930s) (HISTORIOGRAPHY OF THE PROBLEM)

The proposed article deals with the issues related to the role and place of small peoples and ethnic minorities of the Soviet Far East in the context of internal migration processes of the 1920-1930s, and also reveals the degree of development of this topic in Russian historiography.

The author analyzes in detail the state policy of the Soviet state in the field of regulation of ethnic migration and the status of national minorities during this period. At the same time, the emphasis in the article is on the study of the socio-economic situation of the Korean and Chinese communities that moved to the Far East during the first decades of the history of the Soviet state.

A differentiated review of key publications in scientific periodicals and monographic works for the period from the 1920s to the 2020s is presented in a differentiated manner in certain scientific areas within the framework of the designated topic. The author points to the fact of the initial orientation of the Soviet government to the pre-revolutionary, "colonial" method of regulating the national ("native") issue, and only later, after the civil war, there was a departure from this method in connection with the formation of a new socialist mechanism for managing state national policy, based on the integrated integration of ethnic minorities into a monolithic Soviet society and the involvement of representatives of diasporas in a new format of management, associated with a change in lifestyle, as well as the influence of updated cultural traditions and ideological attitudes.

When considering primary sources, the author highlights a number of key points: in particular, the pronounced controlling function of the Soviet state in relation to the interpretation of certain events related to the regulation of the status of small peoples and nationalities in the Soviet North (we are talking about the forced resettlement of some national communities, the repressions of the 1930s., the fight against "political banditry", the specifics of the national policy in relation to the Chinese and Korean population of the Far Eastern Territory).

According to the author, the array of currently available scientific papers and published archival data (both domestic and foreign) on the topic of historically determined changes in the structure and dynamics of the demographic situation in the Far East region allows us to hope for the formation of a special scientific school within the framework of Russian historiography, which will put the goal is a comprehensive and systematic study of the history of ethnic minorities in the Russian Far East. Moreover, the results obtained as a result of relevant research can be of obvious value for the development of managerial decisions in the field of national policy at the state level in the present and future.

Key words: historiography, migration, ethnic minorities, resettlement policy, Far East.

HISTORY AND THEORY OF POLITICS

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97.4.021

L.F. BOLTENKOVA Doctor of Law, Professor, Moscow, Russia

GENDER REGULATION IN THE CONTEXT OF RELIGION (ARTICLE ONE)

In the article, taking into account the growing trend of disregard for spiritual and moral values in the field of sex, the religious (Christian) foundations of sexual policy, philosophical and theological views on this issue are revealed, and proposals are formulated for regulating the problems that have arisen and are being formulated.

Key words: Constitution, Bible, God, God's Commandments, gender, man, woman, family, bisexuality, legislation.

POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97.4.022

E.V. KRYUKOVA Candidate of Political Sciences, State University of Management, Moscow, Russia

YU.P. NADEKHINA Candidate of Historical Sciences, State University of Management, Moscow, Russia

RUSSIA: A HISTORICAL VIEW OF CLIENTELISM IN THE STATE APPARATUS AND ITS CURRENT TRENDS

This article examines the historical aspect of clientelism in the Russian state apparatus and the current trends of this phenomenon. The issue of this article is to investigate clientelism in the Russian state apparatus as one of the phenomena that has a significant impact on the political and economic life of the country. The authors pay attention to the causes of the emergence of this phenomenon, as well as its influence on the formation of political and economic elites in Russia. The article also discusses modern methods for combating clientelism and evaluates their effectiveness. The research presented in the article is based on archival materials and a review of current literature. As a result of the research, the authors conclude that clientelism continues to exist in Russia and has a significant impact on the political and economic spheres. It is noted that the fight against this phenomenon should be comprehensive and cover not only legal and managerial measures, but also cultural and educational changes in society. Clientelism remains one of the main problems in the Russian state apparatus, which leads to corruption, mistrust of the population and distortion of competition in the labor market for professional employees. Rapid changes in the global economy and the development of information technologies contribute to a revision of personnel policies and the implementation of more objective assessment methods. This can lead to a reduction in clientelism and more effective functioning of the state apparatus.

Key words: clientelism, paternalism, patrimonialism, nomenklatura, state apparatus.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97.4.023

N.S. DAVYDOVA South-Russia Institute of Management – branch of Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Rostov-on-Don, Russia

CIVIL-IDENTICAL MODEL OF PARTY-ELECTORAL AGGREGATION

The article presents a "civil-identical" model of party-electoral aggregation, which is based on the consensus of society and government based on national traditional values. The organizational-technical, socio-economic, value-target essential features of this model are analyzed. Political parties act as innovative parties, aggregators of public interests, and mediation institutions, acting alongside and in agreement with such important actors of the country's political and legal democratic system as civil society.

Key words: political system, innovative-type parties, party genesis, elections, traditional values, "Civil-identical" model, party-electoral aggregation.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97.4.024

A.D. SAVELYEVA Postgraduate student of the Department of Russian Politics, Faculty of Political Science, Moscow State University M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia

CORRELATION OF CIVIL AND POLITICAL ACTIVISM IN MODERN RUSSIA

In the article, the author considers the main features of the current stage of the formation of civic and political activism, as well as the influence of this process on public and social relations. The author states that the degree of political activity and the development of political activism are influenced by such factors as age, education, qualifications and position, professional activity, financial and material well-being, existing family values, and so on. All these factors determine the development of political interests of a citizen, and, therefore, directly or indirectly affect the formation of political activism in general.

Key words: politicization, civil activism, political activity, public opinion, political parties of the Russian Federation.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97.4.025

R.A. SAVLAN PhD Student, Faculty of Global Processes Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

GEOPOLITICAL CONSEQUENCES OF THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC: ASSESSMENTS BY RUSSIAN RESEARCHERS

The subject of the study is approaches to assessing the impact of the new coronavirus pandemic on geopolitical processes. COVID-19 has become the largest humanitarian crisis in recent times, which has led not only to economic and social problems, but also to the transformation of relations between states and other subjects of geopolitics. It was found that Russian researchers are in fact unanimous in their assessment of the impact of the pandemic on the geopolitical system, noting the failure of the globalist project as well as the tendency of the US and the Western states to reduce their influence on the rest of the world. The novelty of the study lies in the synthesis of existing theoretical approaches, forecasts, and scenarios of changes in the geopolitical environment under the influence of the pandemic of a new coronavirus infection.

Key words: geopolitics, pandemic, COVID-19, forecast, scenario, consequences.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97.4.026

D.O. TULINOV Post-graduate student at the Faculty of Political Science of the Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia

PROCEDURAL FEATURES OF THE ELECTORAL PROCESS IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

This article attempts to define the concept of "electoral process" from a procedural point of view, which allows us to present it as an integral concept, with the help of which there is a general understanding of events related to elections.

The purpose of this article is to identify the procedural features, signs and stages of the electoral process.

The following main methods were used: analysis and synthesis, formal legal and formal legal, systematic research methods.

Results. The article determines that the stage is not characteristic of the electoral process, since various electoral actions can be performed in one time interval. The electoral process is presented as a unity of procedural and material legal relations connected by one goal. The stages of the electoral process are highlighted: the preparatory stage of the electoral process, the stage of the election campaign, the stage of summing up the results.

Key words: electoral process, stages of the electoral process, signs of the electoral process, criteria of the stages of the electoral process.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97.4.027

HUSEYN ABBASOV Postgraduate Student of the Department of Public Policy and History of State and Law of the Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia

DIGITAL DIASPORA AS ONE OF THE COLLECTIVE IDENTITIES OF TRANSNATIONAL YOUTH

The formation of ethnic diasporas has been one of the leading providers of fundamental transformations in the socio-political field of developed countries, along with exponential international integration and intensification of transnational processes. The development of digital communication has influenced the integration and assimilation of young people in the new social space, providing an efficient platform to be present both in the social field of the receiving and sending parties and employing international networks and resources in lobbying and advocating their interests. The article examines the phenomenon of the digital diaspora through the prism of the collective identity of youth, identifying the components of the cross-border integration of young people into the social field of a different culture, the specifics of the operationalization of virtual youth movements, and the increasing role of the involvement of non-institutional actors in cross-border socio-political processes. The unique role of youth in forming and retransmitting social norms, values, and practices in the transnational cultural, social, and political field determines the necessity of new approaches to conceptualizing virtual collective identities and youth.

Key words: collective identity, youth, diaspora, non-institutional actors, socio-political impact.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97.4.028

CONG XIAOMENG Graduate student, Graduate school of cultural policy Humanities Policy and Management, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

MODERN REGIME TRANSFORMATION: FEATURES AND PERSPECTIVES

The process of political regime transformation, regardless of the type of regime itself, includes several stages, such as the collapse of the old regime, a period of uncertainty of the political regime in transformation, and the establishment of a new regime. Regime transformations are characterized by the need to address critical issues under rather urgent time constraints and a high degree of uncertainty. This article examines the peculiarities of regime transformations in political science and analyzes the prospects for the consequences of the uncertainty of regime transformations.

Key words: democratization, authoritarianism, regime transformations, uncertainty.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97.4.029

S.G. CHEPELYUK Postgraduate Student, Department of Russian Politics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

DIGITAL GOVERNMENT FORMATION: INTERNATIONAL AND RUSSIAN EXPERIENCE

Digitalization nowadays is a key trend of government’s development policies. New technologies could make government departments more effective and accountable. To achieve these positive effects, government should to create integral concept of digital transformation. Digital government, follow our opinion, is the most relevant conception, which points out structural changes in public administration. The main goal of the article is to define the level of development of digital government in Russia compared with the best international experience. We analyze the theoretical basis of digital government and experience of Singapore and Sweden digital government – the leaders of digital transformation, according international rates. Furthermore, we compare international and Russia practice. In the result of the study, we conclude, that Russian system of digital government has high technical level, but avoids some pillars of successful government’s digital transformation. Thus, there is no integral strategy of digital transformation, civil society doesn’t participate in changes, the government doesn’t pay much attention to cybersecurity and working with public data.

Key words: digital government, e-government, digital economy, public administration, digital transformation.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97.4.030

JIN YANG Postgraduate Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

Supervisor:

S.V. Volodenkov Doctor of Political Sciences, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

THE ESSENCE OF POLITICAL BOTS AND THE REASONS FOR THEIR RISE IN MODERN DIGITAL COMMUNICATIONS PRACTICES

We have entered the era of bots. With the help of bibliometric software, the article found that the study of a political bot as a technology for manipulating public opinion in social networks is one of the most important areas in this field. Based on a review of the literature, the paper also outlines two main schools of definitions of political bots. One believes that its essence is a social media account, while the other emphasizes that it is an intelligent algorithmic program. The author tries to give a new research perspective using the research method of system analysis.

Key words: social bots, bot detection, social networks, manipulation of public opinion, propaganda, extremist hashtag, artificial intelligence.

PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND SECTORAL POLICIES

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97.4.031

A.A. BORISENKOV Deputy Dean of the Faculty of Public and Municipal Administration of the Institute of Public Administration and Civil Service of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russia

I.V. KOMAR Specialist of the Information Technology Center of the Institute of Public Administration and Civil Service of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russia

A.V. MAKAROV Administrator of the program «Internal Policy and Leadership» of the Faculty of Public and Municipal Administration of the Institute of Public Administration and Civil Service of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russia

TECHNOLOGIES FOR INTERNAL POLITICAL MANAGEMENT OF MASS EVENTS BASED ON CROWD DIAGNOSTICS

There are periods of political instability in the history of many countries, and it can be said that crowds are crucial during these periods. In conditions of political instability, mistakes in interacting with a tense crowd can become fatal for the political system. The tool proposed in this article is designed for rapid diagnostics of crowd tension factors during the rally itself: employees of the Department of Internal Policy will be able to apply the most effective technologies of interaction with a tense crowd in the shortest possible time.

Key words: internal politics, crowd, matrix of diagnostics of mental tension of the crowd, technologies of interaction with a tense crowd.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97.4.032

Z.V. SERGEEVA Post-graduate student, Moscow State Institute of International Relations (University) of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation (MGIMO), Department of Applied Analysis of International Problems (PAMP), Moscow, Russia

ENERGY TRANSITION AND ENERGY SECURITY: TWO POINTS OF VIEW FOR RUSSIAN ENERGY POLICY

This article presents an analysis of two points of view on the problem of energy transition and energy security in the context of Russian energy policy. The first point of view suggests the active development of alternative energy sources, including renewable ones, which will allow Russia to reduce its dependence on oil and gas exports and reduce its carbon footprint. The second point of view argues that Russia should maintain its status as a major oil and gas exporter, develop new fields and cooperate with other countries in order to ensure its energy security and maintain economic stability. The article analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of each point of view and offers practical recommendations for Russia's energy policy in a rapidly changing world energy situation. At the beginning of the 21st century, a number of developed countries, including the countries of the European Union (EU), took a course towards the gradual abandonment of such traditional energy sources as oil and gas in order to solve the global problem of climate change. This policy is called the energy transition. It significantly influenced the foreign energy policy of Russia, whose oil and gas industry was under the threat of reduced demand from traditional European partners. However, due to a number of economic, geopolitical and social upheavals since 2020, the problem of ensuring energy security has come to the fore for a number of countries, exposing the contradiction between achieving low-carbon development goals and ensuring the stable functioning of their energy systems. This article discusses the problem of combining the goals of the energy transition and at the same time maintaining energy security for Russia, the largest exporter of natural gas to the European market.

Key words: Energy policy, energy transition, energy security, gas markets, LNG, hydrogen.

HISTORY AND THEORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97.4.033

N.P. PISCHIKOVA PhD in history, Associate Professor, Ryazan State University named after S.A. Yesenin, Ryazan, Russia

Yu.V. SAVOSINA PhD in history, Associate Professor, Ryazan, Russia

THE STRATEGY OF «COLLIDING STATES» IN US FOREIGN POLICY ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE RUSSIAN-JAPANESE WAR OF 1904-1905

In this article, the authors, using the example of the unfolding of the Russian-Japanese war, show what role the United States played in this conflict and draw analogies with today. Today, in world politics, the proclamation of the rejection of open military operations, which are recognized as destroying the world community, has been adopted. The modern system of international relations requires upholding the principles created after the end of the Second World War. However, the situation of a number of states is rapidly changing under the influence of external factors, possible new world leaders are being identified. The United States strives to maintain its dominant position, and often turns to the strategy of "colliding states" to achieve this goal. Analysis of the use of American diplomacy foreign policy strategy in the early twentieth century in the conditions of the Russo-Japanese war of 1904-1905 makes it possible to understand and identify the features, predict the behavior of the United States in relation to the Russian Federation.

Key words: foreign policy, peace conference, negotiations, strategy of «colliding states», indemnity, world mediator, Far East, USA, Russia, Japan.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97.4.034

M.F. MAGADIEV Candidate of sociological sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Public Administration in foreign policy activities of the Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs Russian Federation, corresponding member of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences Moscow, Russia

MAIN AREAS OF FOREIGN ECONOMIC COOPERATION IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION WITHIN THE BRICS CONDITIONS SPECIAL MILITARY OPERATION

Currently, BRICS is one of the most well-known and authoritative international organizations taking an active part in shaping the global political, financial and economic architecture. This article discusses the main areas of foreign economic cooperation of the Russian Federation within the framework of the BRICS in the context of the Special Military Operation in Ukraine. The first part of the article presents the results of trade cooperation between Russia and China, India, Brazil and South Africa. Further, the author analyzes a number of promising areas for the development of Russia's foreign economic relations in the context of the Special Military Operation with these countries, including: the export of high-tech products, the formation of transport and logistics corridors, cooperation in the digital economy, nuclear and hydropower, the creation of its own payment system BRICS Pay and etc. In conclusion, a conclusion is made about the place and role of the BRICS format in Russia's foreign economic policy.

Key words: BRICS, foreign economic cooperation, international relations, Russian Federation, Special Military Operation (SVO), economy, trade relations, G20, G7.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97.4.035

LI WENZHEN Candidate of economic sciences, Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia

WU YANBIN PhD Student, Faculty of World Politics Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia

SUN YU Research Fellow, Lanzhou University, People's Republic of China, Gansu, Lanzhou; postgraduate student of the Department of Mass Communications of the Russian, Peoples' Friendship University, Moscow, Russia

CHINESE-RUSSIAN TRADE AND ECONOMIC COOPERATION IN THE POST-EPIDEMIC ERA: FEATURES AND PROSPECTS

Sino-Russian economic and trade cooperation has made remarkable development achievements in recent years. Cooperation in traditional fields such as trade, investment and finance has entered a new stage of accelerated development, and Sino-Russian economic and trade cooperation has also shown obvious characteristics, with large-scale projects becoming important support points and emerging areas of cooperation becoming new growth points. Although the epidemic has impacted the economic development dynamics of both countries, with the major shift in China's epidemic prevention and control policy in late 2022, Sino-Russian economic and trade cooperation in the post-epidemic era will have more potential and breakthrough points.

Key words: China, Russia, economy, trade, cooperation, features, prospects.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97.4.036

M.A. IVANCHENKO Teacher KAYA No. 1 MGIMO MFA of Russia, Moscow, Russia

MODERN RUSSIAN-LATIN AMERICAN RELATIONS

This article discusses the prospects of cooperation between Russia and Latin America in the context of a sharp aggravation of the international situation. The author draws attention to the positive dynamics in the development of Russian-Latin American relations and emphasizes their strategic importance for the world as a whole. Particular attention is paid to the strengthening of economic ties between Russia and Latin America, as well as the political aspects of partnership. In conclusion, the author emphasizes the need for further development of cooperation between the two regions based on mutual respect and interests. The article is important for understanding the prospects for cooperation between Russia and Latin America in difficult international conditions.

Key words: Russian-Latin American relations, geopolitics, mature partnership, mutual interest, peaceful development.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97.4.037

JIANG LANHUI Doctoral student Shanghai international studies University, Shanghai, China

SINO-RUSSIAN COOPERATION FROM CHINA'S POINT OF VIEW

This article notes that the violent reaction of American political and academic circles has shown that in the near future the US strategy in Central Asia will undergo huge changes. Accordingly, the political landscape will change not only in Central Asia, but also in neighboring countries. A joint reaction to the new US strategy in Central Asia is the inevitable and only choice for states such as China and Russia. The article emphasizes that there are a number of unresolved issues in Sino-Russian cooperation, the solution of which depends not only on Sino-Russian relations, but also on the state and prospects for the development of the world.

Key words: Russia, China, cooperation, visits.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97.4.038

S.G. MISHINA Postgraduate student of St. Petersburg state university, St. Petersburg, Russia

CONCEPTUAL APPROACHES TO THE UK POLICYIN THE FIELD OF NUCLEAR NON-PROLIFERATION

The article discusses conceptual approaches to the study of the UK's policy in the field of nuclear nonproliferation. The author analyzes theoretical approaches (neorealism, neoliberalism, constructivism and gender studies) and shows their applicability to the study of the UK policy in the nuclear nonproliferation regime in the late 20th – early 21st centuries. The work uses the historical-genetic method, which allows us to trace the applicability of approaches to the research problem and identify key features.

Key words: nuclear nonproliferation, Great Britain, NPT, international security, politics.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97.4.039

S.A. PICHUGIN Graduate student of the Institute of International Relations and World History, Lobachevsky State University of Nizhni Novgorod, Nizhni Novgorod, Russia

THE FEATURES OF EVOLUTION OF GERMAN PUBLIC OPINION ABOUT RUSSIA AFTER THE BEGINNING OF THE UKRAINIAN CRISIS

This article is devoted to the analysis of the evolution of German public opinion about Russia in 2014-2023. The paper studies the development of the citizens' position regarding bilateral relations, anti-Russian sanctions, as well as changes in the level of Russia’s credibility in the eyes of the Germans during the aforementioned period. The article identifies the main trends within this process and the reasons for their occurrence. Based on the data obtained, the paper assesses the prospects for further evolution of the citizens' approach towards Russia, which is considered to be one of the factors, that influence the formation of German foreign policy towards Russia.

Key words: Russian Federation, Federal Republic of Germany, Russia-Germany relations, Ukrainian crisis, anti-Russian sanctions, public opinion, polls.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97.4.040

I.F. SHIRIYAZDANOVA Candidate of Historical Sciences, Art. teacher Department of Theory and History of International Relations, Patrice Lumumba Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia

V.E. MARCHENKOVA Student of the Peoples' Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba, Moscow, Russia

V.V. SKORIKOV Student of the Peoples' Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba, Moscow, Russia

E.A. SOLODUKHINA Student of the Peoples' Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba, Moscow, Russia

D.S. TARASOV Student of the Peoples' Friendship University of Russia named after Patrice Lumumba, Moscow, Russia

PROBLEMS AND PROSPECTS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF ALTERNATIVE ENERGY SOURCES IN CHINA

In 2020, China has become the absolute world leader in the production and accumulation of renewable energy sources. In the context of the goals and objectives set for the PRC by Xi Jinping at the 75th session of the UN General Assembly, in achieving full carbon neutrality by 2060, it is extremely important to consider the challenges faced by China in the transition period. The potential and possibilities of renewable energy production in the PRC are extremely high, domestic resources predispose to the future ability to completely cover the domestic demand for energy with an alternative method, to transfer the industrial and domestic sectors to the provision of renewable resources.

Key words: China, energy transition, renewable energy resources, ecology, hydrocarbons.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97.4.041

K.P. BURTNY Candidate of Political Sciences, Associate Professor Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia

V.B. PARAMONOV Student of the Russian University of Friendship peoples, Moscow, Russia

THE POSITION OF WORLD POWERS ON THE ISSUE OF SEPARATISM IN CATALONIA (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE USA, RUSSIA AND FRANCE)

In the article the authors consider the topical theme related to the position of the world powers on the issue of separatism. The authors emphasize that any actualization of the separatist movement on the territory of any country immediately draws the attention of the world community as a whole. This is due to the fact that in this situation we are talking about a "potential equal actor" in the system of international relations. The authors are trying to understand the position of Russia, the USA and France regarding the separatism in Catalonia. In conclusion, the authors conclude that for the world powers (USA, Russia and France), separatism in the territory of Catalonia between 2014 and 2017 was not the key, but only a component of European security. However, there were other precedents of separatism in modern international history, and the reaction of the world powers then was quite different from the reaction to the events that took place on the territory of Catalonia. According to the authors, the revealed circumstance is caused by the divergence of opinions of Russia and the "Western bloc of countries" led by the United States of America.

Key words: separatism, Catalan separatism, Catalonia, separatist movements, USA, France, Russia, international relations, world powers.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97.4.042

Y.A. SHITIKOVA Senior lecturer of the Department of Russian and Intercultural Communication, Baikal State University, Irkutsk, Russia

M.E. KHOMINOK Chief Specialist of the Department for Enforcement of Judicial Acts of the Municipal Control Department of the Municipal Property Management Committee of Irkutsk City Administration, Irkutsk, Russia

DIGITAL CURRENCY – THE ROAD TO DIGITAL AUTHORITARIANISM IN CHINA

China is the world's second-largest economy, which is persistently striving to become a global leader in financial technology. Over the past few years, the use of mobile payment platforms in China has increased dramatically, while cash transactions have declined. At the same time, worldwide interest in developing central bank digital currencies has grown, and dozens of central banks are now exploring ways to offer digital versions of their fiat currencies to ordinary citizens. The People's Bank of China is leading this effort, seeking to launch its own central bank digital currency, the largest digital currency project of any major economy in the world. The move to a fully digital yuan is undoubtedly momentous. The move will speed up transactions and provide a range of data that no government has yet been able to collect effectively. All of this could increase Chinese companies' flexibility in global trade and allow the Chinese Communist Party to strengthen its digital authoritarianism at home and export its influence and rule-making abroad.

Key words: China, US, People's Bank of China, digital currency, yuan.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97.4.043

K.M. ABDULAZIZOV Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

HISTORICAL FEATURES OF THE EMERGENCE AND DEVELOPMENT OF PARLIAMENTARISM IN ARMENIA

This article is devoted to a conceptual, detailed study of the structure of the modern parliament in Armenia. The author carried out work on the study and specification of individual elements that make up the structural components of the institution of parliamentarism in the country. Solving the problem of researching the structure of parliamentarism, the key mechanisms of modern parliamentarism in the Republic of Armenia were also revealed. The author, using the method of document analysis in the institutional paradigm of the research, was able to identify the most characteristic, institutional features of the formation of a modern parliament in the Republic of Armenia. Using the method of document analysis, namely by thoroughly studying the Constitution of Armenia, the author managed to determine the basic institutional parameters in which the institution of parliamentarism is formed. Also, during the study, it was possible to find out how the parliament is formed, what rights and obligations parliamentarians enjoy, as well as what functions they perform in the framework of the legislative process. The analysis carried out by the author made it possible to determine the formal (legal) conditions under which the modern parliament functions in Armenia, as well as to determine the mechanisms for exercising representative powers within the framework of the institution of parliamentarism.

Key words: parliamentarism, political institutions, representation system, parliament in Armenia, functions of parliament, structure of parliament.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97.4.044

A.G. VOLOVIKOV PhD student (Political Science), The Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russia

RED LINES IN EUROPE: THE ROLE OF ARTICLE 5 OF THE NATO NORTH ATLANTIC TREATY

The purpose of the article is a critical analysis of the role and effectiveness of Article 5 in the NATO collective defense strategy.

The article also discusses the challenges that NATO faces in maintaining its unity and authority in the face of evolving security threats. The author argues that the red lines, which represent the threshold for NATO's response to an attack, are necessary to maintain the authority of the Alliance and deter potential aggressors requires a more nuanced understanding of the concept of an armed attack.

The article uses a qualitative research approach, analyzes primary and secondary sources, such as official NATO documents, speeches and scientific publications for the analysis and evaluation of Article 5 of the North Atlantic Treaty.

In general, the article contributes to the ongoing debate around the role of NATO in European security and provides valuable information about the effectiveness and limitations of Article 5 in ensuring the collective defense of the alliance.

Key words: NATO, USA, North Atlantic Treaty, collective security, European security, new threats.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97.4.045

LI YAWEN Postgraduate, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

CONSEQUENCES OF DIGITAL DIPLOMACY FOR CHINA

From the point of view of psychology, the distinction, imagination and construction of the identity of the "other” by various national states are usually biased and even alienated. This phenomenon forms the basis for countries to spread their national images to the outside world. With the development of digital information technologies, the space for public diplomacy has undergone changes. Digital public diplomacy has become a new way of building a national image, demonstrating such characteristics as detachment, thematic diversity and sociability. Faced with a new technological picture, in the process of promoting digital public diplomacy, the country should also actively introduce the concept of soft communication, rationally use big data and artificial intelligence technologies, adopt a strategy of polyphonic communication combining official and private, and optimize the construction of the external image of the country.

Key words: China, digital technologies, public diplomacy, national image.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97.4.046

OSMANI ABDUL KHALID PhD student at the institute of socio-philosophical sciences and mass communications of the Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia

ETHNO-POLITICAL PROCESSES IN CONTEMPORARY AFGHANISTAN

August 15th, 2021, The Taliban seized control of the country and Afghanistan entered a new chapter. In the second half of the year, the humanitarian situation further deteriorated as a result of ongoing fighting and a severe economic crisis that hit the entire Afghan people.

More than a year after these events, it is vital to comprehend Afghanistan's existing political structure, examine the fundamental precepts for the inclusion of particular groups in the state system, and track the ethno-political processes in Afghanistan and the Taliban regime.

Key words: Afghanistan, Ethno-politics, Taliban, state building, Afghanistan under Taliban.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97.4.047

HUSSEIN KHALID ABDALLA ELTERAIFI Postgraduate student in the Department of Russian Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia

THE REPUBLIC OF SUDAN AND SOUTH SUDAN: FEATURES OF RELATIONS IN 2011-2021

The article discusses the features of bilateral relations between the Republic of Sudan and South Sudan from 2011-2021. The main directions of bilateral cooperation in the following areas: political and diplomatic, trade and economic, in the field of ensuring regional security, as well as joint activities within the framework of regional cooperation, are analyzed. Stages in the development of bilateral relations were identified, and the conflict zones in the dialogue between Khartoum and Juba were analyzed. The author comes to the conclusion that, since both states had different foreign policy interests and positioning on a number of regional issues, bilateral relations were characterized by both cooperation and confrontation. Particular attention is paid to the interaction of states within the regional framework as well as the problem of building confidence in interstate relations. The study showed that thanks to the efforts of the African Union, as well as several neighboring countries that contributed to the stabilization of bilateral relations, the dialogue between Khartoum and Juba from 2011-2021 generally remained constructive.

Key words: Republic of the Sudan, South Sudan, bilateral relations, cooperation, conflict potential, Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA) 2005-2011, African Union.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97.4.048

N.D. CHEGODAR PhD student of the Department of Political Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

PECULIARITIES OF THE EUROPEAN UNION’S FOREIGN POLICY DECISION-MAKING ON THE EXAMPLE OF RELATIONS WITH RUSSIA (2014-2023)

This article is dedicated to the peculiarities of foreign policy decision-making by the European Union (EU), one of the most influential and unique actors of modern world politics in terms of its model of organization, in the context of relations with Russia after the accession of Crimea in 2014. The purpose of the article is to determine the methods and models used by the EU for foreign policy decision-making and analyze their practical application on the case of interaction with the Russian Federation. The article analyzes the international political processes between the EU and Russia after 2014 and the theoretical concepts foreign policy decision-making in the context of the interaction of these actors of international relations. The study uses the method of case study and a systematic approach. The author concludes that the EU's foreign policy decision-making finds its origin in its institutional and normative organization and is based on “collective” and “universal” rationality. In the case of relations with Russia, the EU has formed a unified vector of relations with negative dynamics. The EU has consolidated official decisions in accordance with the rules of its functioning, despite some differences in the positions of the member states in the case of the sanctions, which is one of the main mechanisms of the EU foreign policy towards Russia at the moment.

Key words: European Union, Russia, foreign policy, political decision-making, sanctions.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97.4.049

CHEN ZIHAO Postgraduate, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

MAO SHUO Postgraduate, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

IMPACT OF US SANCTIONS AGAINST CHINESE COMPANIES ON CHINA'S NATIONAL SECURITY

Amid escalating trade tensions and the Russian-Ukrainian conflict, the US government announced sanctions against ZTE, Huawei and TikTok in line with its "America first" policy, followed by the listing of a number of Chinese companies on the sanctions list, an unprecedented tightening of controls on high-tech exports to China, as well as increased threats to impose financial sanctions and increase the outflow of capital from China. The strengthening of US sanctions against China is associated with the current sharp change in relations between the two countries, their transition from a state of "cooperation and competition" to a state of "aggravation of strategic competition." A series of sanctions imposed by the US government not only impedes the development of Chinese enterprises and slows down the speed of their "going out", but also affects China's national interests and national security.

Key words: Sanctions, Chinese enterprises, US-China relations, China's national security.

STUDENT SCIENCE

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97.4.050

D.A. ANDREEV Student of St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russia

I.D. MIKHEEV Student of St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russia

M.M. SMIRNOV Student of St. Petersburg Polytechnic University, St. Petersburg, Russia

THE IMPACT OF THE SOCIAL NETWORK TWITTER ON THE ELECTORAL PROCESS IN SWEDEN

The article examines the influence of Twitter on electoral processes in Sweden on the example of parliamentary elections in Sweden in 2018 and 2022. As the author's methodology, a detailed analysis of data on tweets of major political figures in Sweden during the election campaign and throughout the year after the election was used. The dependence of the popularity of parties on the activities of party leaders and actors who are not statesmen in the social network Twitter is analyzed.

Key words: electorate, media, social websites,political image.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97.4.051

D.V. BRATKOVSKAYA Student Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia

YA.D. ROGOVA Student Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia

S.A. TOKAREVA Student Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia

THE EVOLUTION OF THE CONCEPT OF POWER IN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS IN THE CONTEXT OF THE INFORMATION WAR

The current state of international relations is characterized by a number of experts as a "new cold war". In such conditions, the question of finding the necessary ways to respond to challenges and threats comes to the fore, in connection with which states, having the necessary potential and capabilities for this, seek to influence their opponents in a more sophisticated way to achieve the desired political results. An analysis of the development of information concepts demonstrates that the importance of the category of force in its various manifestations as the main foreign policy resource of any state remains the main method of interstate communication.

In the age of globalization, total informatization and the public Internet, the digital information environment is becoming a new battlefield. New non-coercive tools are destructive threats that can undermine the integrity and well-being of the target state from the inside.

In the article, the author considers non-power tools within the framework of the concept of power, explores its evolution and varieties; explores the phenomenon of information warfare as a platform for the use of non-coercive tools.

Key words: international relations, power concept, soft power, hard power, Joseph Nye, power tools, information warfare.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97.4.052

S.A. IVANTCHOV Student Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia

LEGAL APPROACHES AND METHODS IN COUNTERING THE THREAT OF INTERNATIONAL TERRORISM

Researchers, scientists and politicians agree that terrorist activity is a crime against international, national security, and against the individual in particular. The terrorist threat began to spread beyond the borders of individual states. Over time, in the process of modifying the system of international relations, terrorism has become a regional problem, and today it has covered the scale of the entire globe. This has forced the international community to take more resolute steps to combat international terrorism. The methods of combating international terrorism were also transformed and improved. The methods that are used by states today to prevent the terrorist threat at the regional and international level are different and differ in their degree of effectiveness.

In the article, the author examines the legal methods of countering international terrorism, considers the factors of destabilization of international security in the modern system of international relations, focusing on the phenomenon of "war on terrorism".

Key words: international relations, politics, foreign policy, international terrorism, international law, international security, terrorist organization, Middle East, UN, fight against terrorism, conflicts, international threat, nuclear weapons, nuclear terrorism.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97.4.053

A.N. NITCHENKO Master's degree student, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russia

CHANGING APPROACHES TO DOCUMENT MANAGEMENT: ARTIFICIAL INTELLIGENCE TECHNOLOGIES IN RECORDS MANAGEMENT SYSTEMS

AI-assisted automation is increasingly being used both to scale traditional records management and to experiment with new ways of collecting, organizing and accessing information. In the article, the author considers the functionality of artificial intelligence technologies in records management systems.

Key words: digitalization, electronic document management systems, artificial intelligence technologies, automation, documentation support, management activities, public administration.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.97.4.054

A.R. SERAEV Master's Degree, Moscow City University, Moscow, Russia

THE ROLE OF NATO IN THE FOREIGN POLICY SYSTEM OF EUROPEAN STATES IN 1950-1966

The article examines the role of NATO in the formation of the foreign policy system in Europe in the period 1950-1966. The author defines the strategic directions of the development of European states and the importance of the activities of the North Atlantic Alliance in political and socio-economic processes. The work reveals the main trends of NATO's expansion in Europe and identifies the goals set by this international organization during the above period.

The aim of the work is to study the role of NATO in the foreign policy system of European states in 1950-1966. At the same time, the object is the foreign policy system of European states. The subject of the study is the role of NATO in the formation of the foreign policy system of relations between states.

Key words: NATO, foreign policy system, Europe, political relations, economic development, expansion of the political bloc, political treaty, defense, military spending, Cold War.