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OUR AUTHORS

ANNENKOV V.I. – Doctor of Military Sciences, Professor, Military Academy of Strategic Missile Forces named after him. Peter the Great, Balashikha, Russia.

BAI XUETAO – Ph.D., Center for Russian Language Literature and Culture Studies of Heilongjiang University Xuefu Road, Nangang District, Harbin, Heilongjiang Province, China.

BARAKAT QAIS A.M. – Graduate student, the Herzen State Pedagogical University of Russia, Moscow, Russia.

BLINOV V.V. – Candidate of political sciences, associate professor of the Department of political science of the Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.

BOLTENKOVA L.F. – Doctor of Sciences (law), Professor, Moscow, Russia.

BOYARKINA A.V. – PhD (Political sciences), Associate Professor, Oriental Institute-School of regional and international studies, Academic department of the English language, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia.

CHERNYSHEV R.S. – Master, Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia.

CHMYREVA V.A. – Research scientist, The Institute of Economics of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Center for Post-Soviet Studies, Moscow, Russia.

DO THANH TU – Postgraduate, Moscow State Pedagogical University, Moscow, Russia.

EMELIN A.A. – Junior PR & GR Analyst at Celebrium Labs Master student of the Financial University of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.

FARAKTINOVA E.N. – Master's degree student, Faculty of World Politics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.

GABBASOVA K.R. – Senior Lecturer, Ufa State Aviation Technical University, Department of Philosophy and History, Ufa, Russia.

GABRIELYAN G.R. – Master's degree student, Faculty of World Politics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.

GASANOV M.M. – Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor, Faculty of History, Department of Russian History, Dagestan State University, Makhachkala, Russia.

GEKHT A.B. – PhD, Associate professor/docent, the Bonch-Bruevich Saint Petersburg State University of Telecommunications, the Head of the department of history and region studies, Saint Petersburg, Russia.

GIMALIEV V.G. – Doctor or Philosophy, Associate Professor of Department of foreign languages N2, I.N. Ulyanov Chuvash State University, Cheboksary, Russia.

GUSEINOVA A.A. – Candidate of Sciences (history), Associate Professor at the Dagestan State University, Makhachkala, Russia.

HUSEYNOVA B.M. – Candidate of Sciences (history), Associate Professor at the Chair of history of Dagestan, Dagestan State University, Makhachkala, Russia.

ILIASOV L.M. – The Institute of Anthropology and Ethnography of the Russian Academy of Science Applicant for the degree of Doctor of Historical Sciences, Moscow, Russia.

ISHANKHODZHAYEVA Z.R. – Doctor of Sciences (history), Professor at the Mirzo Ulugbek National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Uzbekistan.

KOBZEVA O.P. – Doctor of Sciences (history), Professor at the Mirzo Ulugbek National University of Uzbekistan, Tashkent, Uzbekistan.

KONCHUGOV A.V. – Candidate of Political Sciences, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Political Science of the "Military University" of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.

KRYLOVA E.G. – Post-graduate student at the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russia.

KRYUKOVA E.V. – Candidate of Political Sciences, Associate Professor State University of Management, Moscow, Russia.

KURYLEV K.P. – Doctor of Sciences (history), Professor at the Chair of theory and history of international relations, RUDN, Moscow, Russia.

LAPSHIN S.V. – Master's student Novosibirsk State Pedagogical University, Novosibirsk, Russia.

LI JINYANG– Postgraduate student of the Department of Theory and History of International Relations, Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, China.

МAGADIEV M.F. – Candidate of Sciences (sociology), Associate Professor at the Chair of public administration and national security of the Institute of Law and National Security of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, Moscow, Russia.

МASLENNIKOVA V.A. – Postgraduate student at the Chair of Russian history, Tauride Academy of the Crimean Federal University named after Vernadsky, Simferopol, Russia.

MOISEEV A.V. – Ph.D. of Military Sciences, Professor, Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia, Moscow, Russia.

MORGUNOV K.G. – Postgraduate student of the Department of Russian History of the Tauride Academy (structural unit) of the Crimean Federal V.I. Vernasky University, Simferopol, Russia.

NAZAROVA N.A. – Deputy Director for Personnel, Candidate of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Political Science of the Financial University of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.

NESHKOV S.V. – PhD student at Moscow State University, Public autonomous institution «Moscow Agency for the Implementation of Public Projects», Moscow, Russia.

PATRUSHEVA D.A. – Master, the teacher of Department of History and Regional Studies of The Bonch-Bruevich Saint-Petersburg State University of Telecommunications, Saint Petersburg, Russia.

PEREBEYNOS A.E. – Candidate of Historical Sciences, Assistant professor, General History Department, Southern Ural State Humanitarian and Pedagogical University, Chelyabinsk, Russia.

POPOV S.I. – Ph.D. in Political Science, Associate Professor, Department of Policy Analysis and Management, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia.

PTASHKO T.G. – Сandidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Assistant professor, Social work, Pedagogics and Psychology Department, Southern Ural State Humanitarian and Pedagogical University, Chelyabinsk, Russia.

RAIMOV R.I. – Post-graduate student at the Institute of Asian and African Countries, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.

RASHKOVAN A.A. – PhD student, Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia.

RODIONOVA M.E. – PR & GR Director of Celebrium Labs, Candidate of Social Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Political Science of the Financial University of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.

ROGATKO S.A. – Candidate of Historical Sciences (PhD in History), Member of the Russian Committee on the History and Philosophy of Science and Technology of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow region, dachnoe non-profit partnership Deulino.

RUBAN L.S. – Doctor of Sociology, Professor, Head of the Department of Research of International Cooperation Issues Institute of the Socio-Political Researches of FCTAS RAS, Moscow, Russia.

SHABLOVSKIY V.S. – Postgraduate Student, Department of Theory and History of International Relations, RUDN University, Moscow, Russia.

SEIFI MUSTAFA S.M. – Master Candidate Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia.

SHEHADA MO'MIN T.F. – Master Candidate Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia.

SHANGARAEV R.N. – Ph.D. of Economic Sciences, Associate Professor, Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia, Moscow, Russia.

SEMIBRATOV E.V. – Assistant Director of the ISSP (RUDN University); Ph.D. student of the Department of Theory and History of International Relations (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia.

SHIKUNOV A.G. – Master, the teacher of Department of History and Regional Studies of The Bonch-Bruevich Saint-Petersburg State University of Telecommunications, Saint Petersburg, Russia.

SHOSHICH M. – Master, Department of Policy Analysis and Management, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia.

SKRIPNIKOV P.N. – Postgraduate student at the Surgut State University, Surgut, Russia.

SOLOVEVA V.A. – Master, the teacher of Department of History and Regional Studies of The Bonch-Bruevich Saint-Petersburg State University of Telecommunications, Saint Petersburg, Russia.

STEPANOV V.R. – The Academy of Sciences of the Republic of Tatarstan, Kazan, Russia.

STOLBOVA E.A. – Сandidate of Pedagogical Sciences, college teacher, Associate Professor at the Department of Social Work, Pedagogy and Psychology, South Ural State Humanitarian Pedagogical University, Chelyabinsk, Russia.

TEMEREV D.V. – Graduate, Moscow City University Institute of Humanities, Department of Russian History, Moscow, Russia.

TITERINA V.K. – Degree applicant of the Moscow City University, Moscow, Russia.

TSILITSKY V.S. – Candidate of Pedagogic Sciences, head of the department of scientific work, South Ural State Humanitarian Pedagogical University, Chelyabinsk, Russia.

TSVIZHBA ABZAGU – Post-graduate student of the Department of National and Federative Relations of the Faculty of International Regional Studies and Regional Management of the Institute of Public Administration and Administration of the Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.

USHAKOV I.N. – Postgraduate student, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russia.

WEI YURUI – Master of the Department of Media Linguistics of the Institute "Higher School of Journalism and Mass Communications" of St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia.

ZAINITDINOV A.F. – Graduate student Bashkir State University, Ufa, Russia.

ZHETPYSBAEV S.K. – Ph.D. In Economics, Associated Professor, Department of Economics, Non-public joint stock company named after S.M. Toraigyrov, Pavlodar, Kazakhstan.

Scientific Journal “Issues of National and Federative Relations”. Volume 11. Issue 3 (72), 2021.

CONTENTS

DOMESTIC HISTORY, ETHNOLOGY AND ETHNOGRAPHY

Emelyanova A.A. Seasonality of the Residents of Moscow in the First Half of the 19th Century (based on the Material of the «Nikitsky Magpie»)
Zanozin N.V. Formation and Development of the Nomenclature of the Gorkovsky Obkom of the Party in the Post-War Period (1945-1953)
Kuznetsov V.N. The Importance of Entrepreneurship in the Development of Domestic Trade in the North-West of Russia in the Second Half of the XIX Century
Emelyanova E.A., Pogorelov S.S. The Policy of the Soviet Authorities Against the Russian Orthodox Church in the Kuban Region in 1920-1940 Years of the XX Century
Brovchenko I.Yu. The Practical Aspect of Dialogue Between the Russian Orthodox Church and the Roman Catholic Church in Modern Politics
Vankina E.A. On the Question of the Election of Justices of the Peace in the Provincial Counties of the Russian Empire
Evstratov M.V. Training of Junior Commanders of the Red Army During the Reorganization of 1939-June 1941. Some Aspects
Ilyasov L.M. Ancient and Medieval Cult Buildings in Chechnya
Krupskaia O.A. The Polish Question and the Features of Russian-Polish Relations in XIX Century
Titerina V.K. Dynamics of the Foreign Political Course of Russia in the Late XVII Beginning of the XVIII Century
Chicherin R.G. The Image of the United States in the Russian Political Leadership During the Reign of Boris Yeltsin
Pishchuk M.D. «First Year»: the Goskomnats of Russia and its Activities to Protect the Russian-Speaking Population in the Post-Soviet Space in 1992
Shimatyuk O.A. Formation of the Energy Dialogue between the European Union and the Russian Federation in the 1990s-2000s

THEORY, PHILOSOPHY AND HISTORY OF POLITICS

Boltenkova L.F. The Bible as a Source of Law (Part Six)

POLITICAL REGIONALISM AND ETHNOPOLITICS

Niklaus A.A. The Role of Cultural Self-Determination of Territorial Minorities in the Process of Forming the National Intraregional Space: Domestic and European Experience
Tsvetkova O.V. Nation-Building and Language Policy in Modern Russia (Based on the Materials of Ethnosociological Research)

POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES

Ruban L.S. Influence of External Factors on Development the Russian Federation in the Conditions of the New Social Reality
Ershow N.A., Omerovich A.R., Popov S.I. Protest Potential as an Election Campaign Tool (Part II: the State Duma Elections of 2021. Forecasts)
Alsalibi Riwaa. Ethnic Groups on the Pages of Social Networks in Russia
Shikher N.D. Institutional forms of State-Confessional Interaction in Modern Russia
Lindo A.V. Labor Migration Policy in the Regions: Network Theory in the Context of Political Decision-Making

THEORY AND HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS, FOREIGN AND WORLD POLICY

Moiseev A.V., Shangaraev R.N. Interstate Cooperation to Reduce the Risks of Global Nuclear Threats: Concepts and Practice
Aljarwan Mohd Khier Jarwan. Iranian International Alliances in the Context of the Syrian Crisis: Russian-Iranian Relations
Sholkova M.A. Japan’s Peacekeeping Actions
Semenova O.V. Modeling in Foreign Policy
Abahra Mushir Ibrahim Hassan, Shehada Mo'min T.F. Spreading Democracy as a Method of US Foreign Policy in the Middle East
Novikova K.A. The Evolution of the Social Media Factor in the Protests in Spain
Biryukov P.E. Realization of Russian National Interests in International Transport Corridors
Kapitonov A.A. The Impact of the 2020 US Presidential Election Results on the Implementation of the Sustainable Development Goals in the National and Global Dimensions
Poltavtseva O.N. New Media and Political Communication in Italy. Silvio Berlusconi, Beppe Grillo, Matteo Salvini
Ovchinnikov D.S., Shpak M.S., Nechay E.E. Nord Stream-2: Political Conflicts to a Commercial Project

REFLECTIONS ON THE READ

Medvedev N.P. To the Question of the Essence of the Concept of “Nation-Building.” Reflections on the Read

CONFERENCES

Kаraev T.M. Conference on the Heritage of Ossetian Poet and Thinker K.L. Khetagurov “The Whole World is My Temple”

Our authors № 3-2021

DOMESTIC HISTORY, ETHNOLOGY AND ETHNOGRAPHY

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.72.3.001

A.A. EMELYANOVA Ph.D. (History), senior lecturer at the General University Department of General and Russian History of the Institute of Humanities of the State, Moscow City University, Moscow, Russia

SEASONALITY OF THE RESIDENTS OF MOSCOW IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 19TH CENTURY (BASED ON THE MATERIAL OF THE «NIKITSKY MAGPIE»)

Object: To determine the features of the seasonality of marriages of burghers and shop workers in Moscow in the first half of the XIX century on the territory of the Nikitsky Sorok.

Methods: On the basis of the metric books, a database was created on the marriages of burghers and shop workers in the parishes of the Nikitsky Sorok. Metric books for the years 1787, 1810, 1813, 1841 and 1859 were used (CIAM. f. 203. op. 745. V. 1. № 55, 174, 188, 359, 360, 556, 557). All records of weddings in which the bride or groom belonged to the class of burghers or guild members were analyzed. Structural and analytical grouping methods were applied to the created database.

Findings: Data were obtained on the distribution by month of weddings of burghers and shop workers in the parishes of the Nikitsky Sorok for the years 1787, 1810, 1813, 1841 and 1859.

Conclusions: The study revealed the existence in Moscow in the first half of the XIX century of its own type of seasonality of marriages among the bourgeoisie and the social groups that made up their marriage circle. This type of marriage seasonality was formed in the conditions of freedom from the agricultural cycle and was characterized by a relatively high uniformity of the distribution of marriages by seasons.

Key words: seasonality of marriages, historical demography, burghers, shop workers, Moscow history of the XIX century, social history, marriage and wedding.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.72.3.002

N.V. ZANOZIN PhD in Historical sciences, associate Professor, Department of Humanities, Institute of food technology and design – branch of the Nizhny Novgorod state engineering and economic University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia

FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF THE NOMENCLATURE OF THE GORKOVSKY OBKOM OF THE PARTY IN THE POST-WAR PERIOD (1945-1953)

The article is devoted to the actual topic of the formation of the Soviet ruling class-the party nomenclature. The author considers the regional aspect of this problem. Based on the analysis of archival documents, the article traces the process of changes that took place in the social composition of Soviet party officials, and identifies the factors that influence the formation of the nomenklatura layer as the ruling class of Soviet society. The result of the study is the conclusion that it was in the post-war years that a layer of party workers was formed, which took root in power in the following decades.

Key words: nomenclature, ruling class, regional aspect, post-war period, personnel training.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.72.3.003

V.N. KUZNETSOV Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor, St. Petersburg State University of Civil Aviation, St. Petersburg, Russia

THE IMPORTANCE OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF DOMESTIC TRADE IN THE NORTH-WEST OF RUSSIA IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE XIX CENTURY

The article examines the specifics and main trends in the development of trade, shows the importance of trade entrepreneurship in the modernization of the North-West of Russia in the second half of the XIX century.

Key words: business world, trade entrepreneurship, modernization, trade, domestic market.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.72.3.004

E.A. EMELYANOVA Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of History, Social Studies and Pedagogical Technologies, Kuban State University, branch in Slavyansk-on-Kuban, Slavyansk-on-Kuban, Russia

S.S. POGORELOV Teacher of History and Law of the SPO department, Kuban State University, branch in Slavyansk-on-Kuban, Slavyansk-on-Kuban, Russia

THE POLICY OF THE SOVIET AUTHORITIES AGAINST THE RUSSIAN ORTHODOX CHURCH IN THE KUBAN REGION IN 1920-1940 YEARS OF THE XX CENTURY

This article is devoted to the problem of the policy of the Soviet government, related to the Russian Orthodox Church in the Kuban in 1920-1940. The article attempts to compare the number of Orthodox parishes in the Krasnodar Territory with the total number of churches created at the time of the highest heyday of church construction in the Kuban as part of the Orthodox Empire, so the starting point is the beginning of the twentieth century. For comparison, the data on the change in the number of Orthodox churches in Ekaterinodar from 1911 to 1922 are analyzed. There was a massive ideological work, it was accompanied by increased pressure on the church, through the looting of its property and the liquidation of parishes in accordance with the decree of the Central Executive Committee " On the procedure for the confiscation of church valuables that were in use by groups of believers in 1922, the article also indicates that a commission was organized in the Kuban, which organized the seizure of church property.

In the course of the work, the authors set promising goals, analyzed the organization of state influence on the institution of the church in the context of accepted religions, analyzed the reduction in the number of parishes and the seizure of property from the ROC in the Kuban during the study period. An assessment of the religious situation in different geographical origin is given.

Key words: Church, parish, temple, monastery, house of worship.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.72.3.005

I.YU. BROVCHENKO Researcher fellow of the Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences, theologian, PhD-student in Vistula University, Warsaw, Poland

THE PRACTICAL ASPECT OF DIALOGUE BETWEEN THE RUSSIAN ORTHODOX CHURCH AND THE ROMAN CATHOLIC CHURCH IN MODERN POLITICS

The article is talking about practical opportunity in the dialogue between the Russian Orthodox and the Roman Catholic churches, that dialogue is a source of new ways in the relationships between churches as political institute. In the article author gives the overview of history touching the development of clerical dialogue between the Churches. The dialogue takes a practical place and is a topical subject in the modern life.

Key words: the Russian Orthodox Church, the Roman Catholic Church, Christianity, politics and religion, state, dialogue, pluralism, faith, belief, society, modern life.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.72.3.006

E.A. VANKINA Senior lecturer of the Department of International and European Law of the Faculty of Law, National Research Mordovian State University named after N.P. Ogarev, Saransk, Russia

ON THE QUESTION OF THE ELECTION OF JUSTICES OF THE PEACE IN THE PROVINCIAL COUNTIES OF THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE

The article discusses the features of the introduction of the institute of world justice in the provincial provinces of tsarist Russia. Archival data on Gorodishchensky Uyezd of the Penza province are given: the composition of judges, division by world districts, sources of funding. The significance and radical nature of the reform of the judicial system is noted. The results obtained indicate that the society is not ready for changes and that the judicial reform of 1864 is incomplete.

Key words: magistrate's court, institution, reform, judicial system, judicial proceedings, province, county, budget, zemstvos.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.72.3.007

M.V. EVSTRATOV Adjunct of the Department of history, Military University, Moscow, Russia

TRAINING OF JUNIOR COMMANDERS OF THE RED ARMY DURING THE REORGANIZATION OF 1939-JUNE 1941. SOME ASPECTS

The article is devoted to the training of the junior command staff of the Red Army during the reorganization of 1939 – June 1941. The article considers theoretical and methodological foundations of the Junior command staff of the red army in the period of reorganization 1939 – June 1941; dismantled and studied historiography and the views of other authors on the topic: selected problems and the analysis of the statistics, and also investigated the specificity of some aspects of training of Junior officers of the red army in the period of reorganization 1939 – June 1941.

Key words: Great Patriotic War, war, troops, Red Army, Red Army, training, composition, junior command staff.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.72.3.008

L.М. ILYASOV Working for the degree of Doctor of History Sciences at the Miklukho-Maklay Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

ANCIENT AND MEDIEVAL CULT BUILDINGS IN CHECHNYA

The article is devoted to the history of cult buildings in Chechnya. Notwithstanding the fact that there are not any Christian church left on the territory of Chechnya, the author comes to the conclusion that there were some Christian cult building in Chechnya in the specific period of history, considering data from historical sources, folk and archaeological documents. However, because of the Christian religion decay, especially in the mountainous regions, the degradation of architectural forms continues. The buildings of Byzantine architecture with completed forms were transformed to the mausoleums and afterwards to column-like shielings. Considering spirituality, this process was accompanied by returning of mountainous people from the Christianity to heathen beliefs with strong Christian layers. Since distribution of the Islamic religion in Chechnya in XVI-XVII centuries, the construction of mosques affected by local architectural forms has been started.

Key words: Chechen people, cult buildings, Christianity, paganism, Islamic religion, mosques.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.72.3.009

O.A. KRUPSKAIA Postgraduate student of the Moscow City Pedagogical University, Moscow, Russia

THE POLISH QUESTION AND THE FEATURES OF RUSSIAN-POLISH RELATIONS IN XIX CENTURY

The present article covers the main “pressure points” of Russian-Polish relations in one of the most controversial periods in our common history. XIX century discovers a huge complex of problems. For example, geopolitical factor, polish identity issue, the Russian-Polish dialog problem. By combining all the aspects together, we find a grand research issue well-known as a Polish question. Such a difficult theme should be analysed in the context of Russia-Polish relations evolution. So, we can find the exact impact of different events on the Polish question and its’ transformation as a result.

Key words: the polish question, uprising 1830-1831, uprising 1863-1864, partitions of the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.72.3.010

V.K. TITERINA Degree applicant of the Moscow City University, Moscow, Russia

DYNAMICS OF THE FOREIGN POLITICAL COURSE OF RUSSIA IN THE LATE XVII BEGINNING OF THE XVIII CENTURY

The article is dedicated to a generalized analysis of the changes in the vector of Russia's international policy in connection with the formation of a system of "short-term alliances", political reforms and the rapidly changing theater of world politics at the end of the XVIIth and the first quarter of the XVIIIth centuries.

Key words: Russian Empire, short-term alliances, external politics, international relations.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.72.3.011

R.G. CHICHERIN Postgraduate student of the Department of Modern History of Russia, Moscow State Regional University, Moscow, Russia

THE IMAGE OF THE UNITED STATES IN THE RUSSIAN POLITICAL LEADERSHIP DURING THE REIGN OF Boris YELTSIN

This article is devoted to the study of the image of the United States in the Russian political leadership of the Yeltsin era. The chronological framework of the study covers the last decade of the XX century. The author of the article seeks to prove that for a given period of time, the image of the United States in the views of the ruling elite did not differ in any stability. Initially, we must admit that it was perceived by representatives of the ruling elite of our country mainly from a positive side. President Yeltsin and the head of his foreign policy department, Kozyrev, declared the need for rapprochement with the United States, regarding them as almost the main allies. After Primakov became the Minister of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, this positive image of this power has undergone significant changes. As the main priorities, he set cooperation with the CIS countries and with the East. At the same time, it is worth noting that Primakov sought to prevent a unipolar world led by the United States. This position will be further reflected in the activities of the next Foreign Minister, Igor Ivanov. Under him, the main event for such a statement will be the bombing of Yugoslavia by NATO forces.

Key words: Yeltsin, Bush Sr., cooperation, START-2, Clinton, Primakov, NATO, Yugoslavia, Chernomyrdin.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.72.3.012

M.D. PISHCHUK Postgraduate student, Department of History of State Institutions and Public Organizations, Faculty of History, Historical and Archival Institute, Russian State University for the Humanities, Moscow, Russia

«FIRST YEAR»: THE GOSKOMNATS OF RUSSIA AND ITS ACTIVITIES TO PROTECT THE RUSSIAN-SPEAKING POPULATION IN THE POST-SOVIET SPACE IN 1992

In 1992, the Goskomnats of Russia was one of the first state agencies that attempted to form the «first outlines» of a comprehensive state policy of Russia in relation to the Russian-speaking population in the post-Soviet space. The purpose of this article is to analyze the specific practical and conceptual measures implemented by the committee on this issue, as well as to identify those specific problems, the solution of which was considered paramount.

In the course of the study, the archival documents of the Goskomnats of Russia for 1992 were studied, as well as the relations of the committee with other state agencies were analyzed. As a result, an idea was obtained about the role of the Goskomnats of Russia in the implementation at the national level of measures to protect the Russian-speaking population. It turned out that the committee, despite its limited resources, prepared a number of innovative proposals for the formation of a comprehensive state policy of Russia to protect the Russian-speaking population in the post-Soviet space. The work of the committee was based on the position that a verified foreign policy to protect the Russian-speaking population could provide Russia with additional instruments of influence on the countries of the post-Soviet space. It is worth noting that many of the ideas proposed by the committee were implemented many years later and showed their effectiveness: the creation of institutions to support the Russian-speaking population, financial support for Russian-speaking organizations, the creation of Russian-speaking news agencies and cultural centers.

Key words: Goskomnats of Russia, Russian-speaking population, compatriots, Russian compatriots, Ethnic Russians, post-Soviet space, ethnic policy.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.72.3.013

O.A. SHIMATYUK Graduate student of History science and archeology direction, Imternational relations and law department, NSUEM, Novosibirsk State University of economics and management, Novosibirsk, Russia

FORMATION OF THE ENERGY DIALOGUE BETWEEN THE EUROPEAN UNION AND THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION IN THE 1990s-2000s

The author examines the main directions of developing the energy dialog between Russian Federation and European Union, also the premises and problems of the cooperation are examined in the article.

Key words: national interests, partnership, energy market, energy cooperation, energy security, energy cooperation, energy dialog, Russian Federation, European Union.

THEORY, PHILOSOPHY AND HISTORY OF POLITICS

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.72.3.014

L.F. BOLTENKOVA Doctor of Sciences (law), Professor, Moscow, Russia

THE BIBLE AS A SOURCE OF LAW (PART SIX)

Based on the second part of Article 67 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, the author sets the task to show the convergence in the legal systems of the world divine and human principles, while keeping in mind that the beginning of a positive (human, artificial) rights was embedded in the theological stage of civilization. The implementation of this task requires an analysis of various legal concepts in their historical development; the content of the Bible in the context of the norms of human behavior, rules of life (commandments, parables of Jesus Christ, recommendations of the Holy Apostles); regulatory documents of various countries, including Russia, in their historical development.

The article is divided into several parts based on the volume of its content.

Key words: God, divine law, natural law, positive law, Bible, Commandments, philosophers, scientists, lawyers, normative documents, legal concepts.

POLITICAL REGIONALISM AND ETHNOPOLITICS

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.72.3.015

A.A. NIKLAUS Candidate of Political Sciences, Associate Professor, Dean of the Faculty of Intellectual Property Management, Russian State Academy of Intellectual Property, Moscow, Russia

THE ROLE OF CULTURAL SELF-DETERMINATION OF TERRITORIAL MINORITIES IN THE PROCESS OF FORMING THE NATIONAL INTRAREGIONAL SPACE: DOMESTIC AND EUROPEAN EXPERIENCE

The article attempts to comprehend and analyze the main views and approaches to the problem of ensuring the rights of territorial minorities to self-identification and self-determination in modern states. In addition, the key directions for optimizing the territorial structure of European states have been analyzed.

At the same time, the article provides a comprehensive analysis of legal documents regulating regional policy and territorial optimization of the European Union, such as the European Charter of Local Self-Government, the European Charter for Regional Democracy, the European Charter for Regional Languages, the Framework Convention for the Protection of National Minorities, etc.

Based on the analysis of the political and legal practice of European countries, the author proposes conclusions and generalizations about the potential and actual possibility of using mechanisms and technologies for ensuring the rights of territorial minorities in the domestic political process.

Key words: region, EU, federalism, state space, territorial structure, regional policy.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.72.3.016

O.V. TSVETKOVA Candidate of Political Science, Associate Professor, Department of Russian Politics, Faculty of Political Science, Associate Professor Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia

NATION-BUILDING AND LANGUAGE POLICY IN MODERN RUSSIA (BASED ON THE MATERIALS OF ETHNOSOCIOLOGICAL RESEARCH)

Introduction. The main scientific task of the research is to develop the concept of "nation-building" as a fundamental socio-political project aimed at strengthening the political stability of the entire Russian multinational society in the face of new challenges. In the article, the author examines the elements of the concept of state policy of nation-building and the current state of language policy, taking into account the amendments to the Constitution of the Russian Federation. Scientific novelty is associated with the conceptual generalization of new problems, challenges and risks of building the concept of a state-forming people, which require fundamental theoretical understanding within the framework of domestic ethnopolitical science, which will be a fundamentally new step forward in the development of the concept of building a civil nation, national and civil identity in Russia.

Materials and methods. Ethnosociological research is devoted to the study of the attitude of young people to various aspects of the implementation of the state national policy. The research is based on the materials of the ethnosociological research by the questionnaire method.

The results of the study. The results of the study are of theoretical and practical significance. Amendments to the Constitution of the Russian Federation on issues of language policy are considered. The main elements of the concept of the state policy of nation-building are proposed and disclosed. The regulatory framework of nation-building and the scope of implementation of the state policy of nation-building are disclosed. The methods and technologies for promoting the state policy of nation-building in modern Russia are defined. Proposals for the preservation of the cultural heritage of national minorities are presented.

Key words: nation, nation-building, language policy, interethnic relations, national policy, state language.

POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.72.3.017

L.S. RUBAN Doctor of Science (Sociology), Professor, Head of the Department of Research of International Cooperation Issues Institute of the Socio-Political Researches FSRSC RAS, Moscow, Russia

INFLUENCE OF EXTERNAL FACTORS ON DEVELOPMENT THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION IN THE CONDITIONS OF THE NEW SOCIAL REALITY

The author, based on the methodology of system analysis and the concept of close interconnectedness and interdependence of the world, shows how external risks and threats affect the functioning of the economic and social sphere of the Russian Federation in modern conditions, affecting the security system and the positioning of our country in the structure of international relations. The author's argument is based on the use of a comparative method when summarizing Russian and foreign analytical and statistical materials on this issue in the scientific literature, content analysis of publications in the media and using the results of international expert surveys conducted over 15 years in 16 countries within the framework of the international project "Dialogue Partnership as a factor of stability and integration" ("Bridge between the West and the East" – head of Prof. Ruban L.S.) ISPR FNESC wounds. The empirical material was obtained using the application of sociological research methods, namely: international expert surveys in the form of interviews and questionnaires. Logically justified is the author's conclusion that it is reliable to ensure their security, improve the standard of living of the population and change their position in the international arena (status and image) The Russian Federation will be able to do this only if it transforms the economy in accordance with the scientific and technological requirements of progressive development and increases labor productivity. These changes will ensure the sustainable development of the industrial, economic, and social spheres of Russian society and will help our country to take its rightful place in the world community.

Key words: Russian Federation, COVID-2019 pandemic, GDP, international security system, economic security, sustainable development.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.72.3.018

N.A. ERSHOW PhD student, Department of Public Relations and Media policy of the Russian, Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA), Moscow, Russia

A.R. OMEROVICH Master, Department of Policy Analysis and Management, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia

S.I. POPOV Ph.D. in Political Science, Associate Professor, Department of Policy Analysis and Management, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia

PROTEST POTENTIAL AS AN ELECTION CAMPAIGN TOOL (PART II: THE STATE DUMA ELECTIONS OF 2021. FORECASTS)

The article presents the author's observations and reflections on the possible development of events in the run-up to the 2021 elections, analyzes the most frequently used means and methods of mass influence, and highlights significant events for the actors of the electoral process that directly affect the degree and quality of competitiveness in the election campaign. The most probable election outcomes, significant factors affecting the potential of protest moods of voters are identified, and a method of managerial influence aimed at minimizing the negative political consequences of the event under discussion is proposed.

Key words: protest movements, political process, opposition, election campaigns, elections, Moscow City Duma, political technologies, media policy, black technologies, electronic voting, smart voting.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.72.3.019

ALSALIBI RIWAA PhD student, Saint Petersburg State University, department of theory of journalism and mass communications, St. Petersburg, Russia

ETHNIC GROUPS ON THE PAGES OF SOCIAL NETWORKS IN RUSSIA

The study is devoted to the identification of various forms of adaptation based on the study of media texts posted by migrant ethnic groups in the social networks in Russia. Special attention is paid to the classification of the types of individual adaptation of migrants in the Russian society. The author examines in detail the nature and dynamics of migrants' adaptation, taking into account the significant influence of such social institution as the mass media, especially the so-called new media: online publications, social networks, messengers, interactive services, etc.

This study examines the processes of creating a unique space of adaptive communication practices by ethnic communities. The author analyzes the most successful migrants’ adaptation scenarios using adaptive acculturation practices. The study analyzes electronic sources (websites and pages in social networks) devoted to news about the migrants’ life in Russia.

The author comes to the conclusion that the ethnic communities of migrants are characterized by a combination of different types of social adaptation. The results of the study shows that the adaptive practices of ethno-cultural communities and the content of media resources intended for migrants have a clear relationship, and media resources are formed as communicative nodes of problems that are most relevant and topical for the representatives of each specific ethnic group.

Key words: ethno-cultural communities, migrants, communication, conformity, rebellion, social networks, socialization, adaptive practices, ethnic journalism, R. Merton.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.72.3.020

N.D. SHIKHER Post-graduate student of the Chair of national and federal relations, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Head of the Department at the Office of the Commissioner for Human Rights in the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

INSTITUTIONAL FORMS OF STATE-CONFESSIONAL INTERACTION IN MODERN RUSSIA

This article examines the institutional forms of relations between the state and religious associations that are relevant for Russia. Over the past decades, an extensive system of special bodies responsible for state-confessional policy has been created throughout the country. Considering that the number of all Russian bodies for interaction with religious associations is in the hundreds, several dozen of them were selected for this study, and the article provides only a few illustrative examples. In order to determine the effectiveness of the work of these institutions, the author carried out a detailed analysis of their current and reporting activities: the minutes of the meetings were studied, the information on the events held and the nature of interaction with religious associations was checked, and the composition of the bodies was analyzed for the participation of representatives from religious associations in them. The logic of the presentation of the material of the article is due to the principle of federalism: first, the federal bodies are considered, then the regional and municipal ones. And if the effectiveness of the activities of federal institutions dealing with issues related to religious associations does not raise doubts on the whole, then the situation in the regions and localities requires certain adjustments. It seems that the most vulnerable factor of most regional and municipal bodies, called upon to interact with religious associations, is their orientation towards traditional confessions, while other religious associations, also operating in their territory, remain outside the area of attention of the authorities. The author proposes to make some changes in the established procedure for the functioning of the bodies of state-confessional interaction, aimed, firstly, at ensuring openness and accessibility of information about their activities, and secondly, at establishing guarantees that the interests of each religious association operating in the relevant territory are taken into account.

Key words: state-confessional relations, religious associations, confession, religion in the state, bodies of state-confessional interaction.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.72.3.021

А.V. LINDO Master of Political Science, Herzen State Pedagogical University, Moscow, Russia

LABOR MIGRATION POLICY IN THE REGIONS: NETWORK THEORY IN THE CONTEXT OF POLITICAL DECISION-MAKING

The article analyzes the mechanism of political decision-making on the example of labor migration issues. The problem of the issue under study is that the legal regulation of labor migration against the background of recent legislative changes is becoming particularly relevant and for their resolution political decisions are supposed to take into account regional specifics and assess the effectiveness of state policy in the declared area. The objective of the study is to examine the network theory of political decision-making on the example of regional labor migration policy. As a result of the study, it was found that the optimal type of political network in relation to this issue is the Policy network as a network that arises in a particular sector of politics.

Key words: labor migration, political network, political solution, regional policy, concept.

THEORY AND HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS, FOREIGN AND WORLD POLICY

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.72.3.022

A.V. MOISEEV Honored Worker of the Higher School of the Russian Federation, Ph.D. of Military Sciences, Professor, Professor of the Department of Public Administration in Foreign Policy, Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia, Moscow, Russia

R.N. SHANGARAEV Ph.D. of Economic Sciences Associate Professor of the Department of Public Administration in Foreign Policy, Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia, Corresponding Member of the Academy of Military Sciences and the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, Moscow, Russia

INTERSTATE COOPERATION TO REDUCE THE RISKS OF GLOBAL NUCLEAR THREATS: CONCEPTS AND PRACTICE

Interstate cooperation is characterized by the consolidated activities of states to solve nuclear problems without the direct and direct participation of international organizations. Interstate cooperation in the nuclear field is implemented in the form of multilateral and bilateral treaties and agreements on nuclear issues.

Key words: nuclear weapons, interstate cooperation in the nuclear sphere, nuclear world, nuclear security, global nuclear threats.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.72.3.023

ALJARWAN MOHD KHIER JARWAN PhD (Political science), Moscow, Russia

IRANIAN INTERNATIONAL ALLIANCES IN THE CONTEXT OF THE SYRIAN CRISIS: RUSSIAN-IRANIAN RELATIONS

The creation of international alliances is one of the tools of Iran's foreign policy strategy in the Middle East after the Arab Spring. Iran has always pursued an independent policy, especially in the Middle East. taking into account international pressure and the results of the "Arab Spring" The researcher found that Iran has developed its relations with two of the world's leading leaders – the Russian Federation and China. As Russia's interests are closer to those of Iran in the Middle East, relations between the two sides have significantly improved in the areas of political, economic cooperation and security issues.

Key words: international alliances, Iran, Russia, Syrian Crisis.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.72.3.024

M.A. SHOLKOVA Post-graduate student of the Diplomatic Academy, third secretary of the Third department of CIS countries MFA of Russia, Moscow, Russia

JAPAN’S PEACEKEEPING ACTIONS

The scope of the present article is to examine Japan’s peacekeeping efforts. Using an historical approach, the author analyzes how Japan’s policy and involvement in peacekeeping missions abroad has changed through the years.

Key words: Japan’s peacekeeping operations, peacekeeping, UN peacekeeping operations, Japan, South Sudan.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.72.3.025

O.V. SEMENOVA Senior Lecturer at the Department of Public Administration in Foreign Policy Diplomatic Academy of the Russian Foreign Ministry, Moscow, Russia

MODELING IN FOREIGN POLICY

The article describes examples of models and directions of modeling in foreign policy. The need for modeling is an objective phenomenon associated with the cognition of reality with the help of a substitute object. To study the properties of more and more complicated objects and entire systems, the requirements for their models are also becoming more complicated. Basis of Web 4.0 technology – unification of intellectual capabilities of people and networks; the most promising are neural network models, cognitive technologies, and self-learning models. Improving the methods of collecting and analyzing information makes it possible to create more accurate information models of objects of the socio-political system.

Key words: Modeling, forecasting, mathematical methods, mathematical modeling in foreign policy, classes of models.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.72.3.026

ABAHRA MUSHIR IBRAHIM HASSAN Postgraduate, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia

SHEHADA MO'MIN T.F. Master Candidate, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia

SPREADING DEMOCRACY AS A METHOD OF US FOREIGN POLICY IN THE MIDDLE EAST

This article examines US foreign policy towards the Middle East. This study aims to shed light on the real American goals behind the claim to spread democracy and develop a culture of human rights in the Arab world. The importance of this study stems from the study of American policy on democracy and human rights issues, especially after the events of September 11, 2001. It also examines the means used by US administrations to promote democracy and human rights, including military force.

This article aims to clarify the nature of US policy to intervene in the Arab region, divide countries and incite chaos, racial and ethnic prejudice, as well as religious and interfaith conflicts, such means and tools are used around the world, especially in the Arab region.

The purpose of this article is to examine US foreign policy and the main methods of promoting democracy in the Middle East.

Key words: Middle East, democracy, human rights, terrorism, foreign policy, USA, the Arab world.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.72.3.027

K.A. NOVIKOVA PhD student of the Faculty of International Relations, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia

THE EVOLUTION OF THE SOCIAL MEDIA FACTOR IN THE PROTESTS IN SPAIN

For the last two decades, the expansion of Internet access as well as the new developments of the Information Technologies, have transformed the forms of management, transmission and impact of protests and political activism. The appropriation of the technical instruments by extensive publics has contributed to the appearance of horizontal networks in which frameworks of shared meanings, actions and reflections for social protests are webbed. In this article the activist network is characterized as a new type of collective actor who does not fit in the traditional definitions of social movement and who has a marked communicative dimension. The main purpose of this work is focused on analyzing the use of social networks for organizing and disseminating social demonstrations in Spain. Thinking about the relationship between human and technology in communicative terms is becoming increasingly important in an era when the media transforms at breakneck speed, and the connection between cyberspace and the physical space of the streets does not elude this reflection.

Key words: Internet, activist networks, Web 2.0, social movements.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.72.3.028

P.E. BIRYUKOV Lecturer-researcher at the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russia

REALIZATION OF RUSSIAN NATIONAL INTERESTS IN INTERNATIONAL TRANSPORT CORRIDORS

Russia as a world power seeks to strengthen its influence in the world. To do this, it uses the transport, energy and information connectivity of countries. The material carrier of connectivity are international transport corridors. For a fuller realization of national interests in ITC, Russia needs to continue the theoretical development of problems in this area, including the theory of solving foreign policy problems. Russia's actions in international transport corridors should not contradict the trends in the formation of a new world order. Russia must develop a leadership position in the development of ITC. These and other actions will contribute to the formation of a new, more just world order which corresponds to the Russian national interests.

Key words: connectivity, international transport corridor, new world order, competitiveness, Northern Sea Route, Nord Stream 2, leadership, digitalization.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.72.3.029

A.A. KAPITONOV Candidate of Science degree, Diplomatic Academy Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

THE IMPACT OF THE 2020 US PRESIDENTIAL ELECTION RESULTS ON THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT GOALS IN THE NATIONAL AND GLOBAL DIMENSIONS

The concept of sustainable development (SD) emerged in the 1970-1980s as a model of the world order, within which it would be possible to cope with the global challenges of our time, simultaneously ensuring a decent life for all on a healthy planet in peace and justice. The 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development, which includes 17 interdependent goals in the economic, social and environmental spheres, is currently the most inclusive and holistic mechanism for transition to such a society. The result of its implementation largely depends on the well-coordinated work of the states and on the political will of the most influential players in the world stage, who are able to set the trend of a universal focus on the principles of sustainability. One of these actors is the United States, which, however, has not always supported the UN initiatives in this area, especially taking into account the presidency of D. Trump. At the same time, the elections held there in 2020 radically changed the situation: the victory went to the candidate from the Democratic Party, J. Biden, whose political platform is largely built in accordance with the principles of SD. In this regard, it seems relevant to consider the US approaches to SD in a retrospective way, to analyze the current situation concerning the implementation of the 2030 Agenda at the national level by Washington in particular in the context of the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as to identify possible prospects for its carrying out on the global scale, in light of Biden's steps to change the isolationist course, taken by the previous president.

Key words: United States, presidential election, sustainable development, global challenges, international cooperation, UN, SDGs, environment, global market, renewable energy.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.72.3.030

O.N. POLTAVTSEVA Postgraduate student, Faculty of Political Science Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

NEW MEDIA AND POLITICAL COMMUNICATION IN ITALY. SILVIO BERLUSCONI, BEPPE GRILLO, MATTEO SALVINI

This article aims to explain the nature of political communication in Italy, contending that some of its elements have been relevant during media mogul Berlusconi’s rise to power. Television was the tool to explain Berlusconi’s success. Academic attention to new media has sharply increased in recent years, because Italy moves away from a television-dominated society to an Internet-based one. New media can intensify electoral competition by reducing the barriers for entrants to raise money online. The Italian Republic has become first big democracy in the West where new media gave birth to the Five Star Movement party. The leader of the Lega M.Salvini also has built his success using new media such as Facebook and Twitter. By monopolizing media politicians in Italy have become brands where the boundary between political culture and pop culture can’t be distinguished.

Key words: Grillo, Facebook, Berlusconi, Italy, new media, political communication, Salvini, Twitter.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.72.3.031

D.S. OVCHINNIKOV Student of a bachelor's degree of the department of Political Science, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia

M.S. SHPAK Student of a bachelor's degree of the department of Political Science, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia

E.E. NECHAY Academic Advisor, Candidate of Political Science, Assistant Professor, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia

NORD STREAM-2: POLITICAL CONFLICTS TO A COMMERCIAL PROJECT

The purpose of the study is to analyze the political contradictions of the Nord Stream-2: starting with the problems in the economic policy of Germany, Poland, and Ukraine and ending with intra-elite disagreements in the United States. The political situation in the article is considered from the point of view of the main actors: Russia, Germany, the United States, Poland and Ukraine. The authors examines the reasons for the escalation of the conflict around the "SP-2", as well as the political and economic tools of the participants in this conflict. As a conclusion, the author, based on the method of scenarios, predicted three scenarios: "Freeze", "Neutrality" and "Benefit".

Key words: Nord Stream-2, political conflicts, economic interests, private companies, government, Germany, Russia, USA.

REFLECTIONS ON THE READ

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.72.3.032

N.P. MEDVEDEV Doctor of Political Sciences, Professor, Moscow, Russia

TO THE QUESTION OF THE ESSENCE OF THE CONCEPT OF “NATION-BUILDING.” REFLECTIONS ON THE READ

The article under review reveals the problems of scientific research carried by scientists from the post-Soviet states on an important and relevant topic of nation-building. The article analyzes the approaches of different countries to the definition of state-forming nation and national languages and warns about the emergence of new sources of ethno-political contradictions and conflicts.

Key words: nation, ethnos, state, nation-building, ethno-politics, state-forming nation, national language, source of ethno-political conflicts.

CONFERENCES

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.72.3.033

Т.М. КАRAEV Doctor of Philosophy, Professor, Faculty of Philosophy, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

CONFERENCE ON THE HERITAGE OF OSSETIAN POET AND THINKER K.L. KHETAGUROV “THE WHOLE WORLD IS MY TEMPLE”

Scientific Journal “Issues of National and Federative Relations”. Volume 11. Issue 2 (71), 2021.

CONTENTS

DOMESTIC HISTORY, ETHNOLOGY AND ETHNOGRAPHY

Kostrikov S.P. Assessment of the Events of 1903 in Macedonia and Old Serbia by Adherents of the Idea of Slavic Unity in Russian Public Opinion (On the Example of the Analysis of the Materials of the «News of the St. Petersburg Slavic Charitable Society»)
Borisnyov S.V., Vetitnev S.F. Special Propaganda, as an Integral Part of the Party-Political Work in the Soviet Armed Forces
Plekhanov A.A. “Gentelmen Cadets, Who Were You With Yesterday?” (The Cadets’ Uprising in Petrograd on October 29, 1917 Through the Eyes of Participants and Eyewitnesses)
Istyagina-Eliseeva E.A. Sports and Historical Heritage: Problems of Historical Research
Makina A.I. Social Protection of Children in Traditional Khakass Society
Antonova E.G. Training of Teachers in the Simbirsk Province in the Late XIX – Early XX Centuries
Degtyareva N.A. XX Congress of the CPSU (On the Historiography of the Question)
Krot N.S. The Role of Reproductive Attitudes in the Formation of Reproductive Behavior (Based on the Materials of Ethnosociological Research)
Petrukhin A.M. Reaction of the British Press to the Dissolution of the First State Duma of the Russian Empire

THEORY, PHILOSOPHY AND HISTORY OF POLITICS

Vlasov V.I. The Status of God in the Russian Legal System (Formulation of the Question)
Boltenkova L.F. The Bible as a Source of Law (Part Five)
Tsanava B.Z. T. Hobbes’s Philosophical Heritage and Contemporary Liberal Theories of Social Contract

POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES

Ravochkin N.N. World Peripherals Authorities Practices
Zubov V.V., Rodionova M.E., Yemelin A.A. Population Attitudes to Coronavirus Vaccination: a Comparative Analysis of Studies
Tyukov N.A., Nikulin E.R. Russian Teacher in Social Networks: Discursive Agenda, Digital Activism and Communication Mechanisms
Коchetkov E.E. Features of Federalism in Arab Countries (on the Example of Iraq)
Rabat Lujain. Difficulties in Resolving the Syrian Conflict: External Intervention and “Liberal” Approach Towards Peace-Building
Voscresensky F.A. Problems of Judicial Federalism in the Political System of Modern Russia
Denisenko P.V. Big Data and Relations Between State and Society: Opportunities and Some Areas of Application (on the Example of the USA)
Piliagin K.A. Political Mechanisms (Aspects of Categorical Analysis)
Semibokov D.A. The Present Structure of Scientific Ideas about Unrecognized Unrecognized Republics as Special Political Institutions
Ivanov P.V., Plotnikov D.I. Stabilization of the Political System Through the State Policy of National Reconciliation

POLITICAL CULTURE AND IDEOLOGY

Lvov S.V., Maksimova A.A., Nechaeva S.V. Mechanisms and Motivation for the Participation of the Pedagogical Community in Political and Civil Processes

THEORY AND HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS, FOREIGN AND WORLD POLICY

Tushkov A.A., Stepanova S.S. Contradictions and Dichotomies of the Conflict Potential of the Eastern Mediterranean
Karenin D.M., Kuzmin V.A. Japan and the EEC: a Long Road to Cooperation
Tushkov A.A., Kravchenko Yu.S. Russia on the International Market of Educational Services. Problems and Searches for the Formation of an Internationalization Model of Education
Gekht A.B., Molchanova T.V., Tsigonyaeva A.Yu., Perevozchikova V.A. The Middle East Vector of the US Foreign Policy During the Presidency of Donald Trump (on the Example of Iran and Israel)
Stankevich I.G. The Rhine River from the Perspective of Romans (I Century B.C. Till the Beginning of the V Century C.E.)
Gekht A.B., Nerovnyj A.V., Potapenko T.G. On the Way to a United Europe: Institutional Architecture of the European Coal and Steel Community
Shimatyuk O.A. Energy Cooperation Between Russia and the European Union under the Terms of the Green Deal
Antonova N.G. New Alliance "US-Israel-Arab Monarchies of the Persian Gulf" in the Middle East: Reasons for Convergence and Implications for Regional Geopolitics
Arzhanov I.A. The Arctic in the System of Modern International Relations: the Leitmotif of Rivalry in the Region
Shablovskiy V.S. The Republika Srpska: Current Political Reality and Prospects
Gundu Terese Moses, Oluwakayode Olumide Emmanuel. Analyzing the Effect of Coronavirus on Nigeria's Education System

REVIEWS

Slyzovskiy D.E., Аmiantov A.A. Does the Government Have the Resources to Cope with the Protest Movement? (Review of the Article by S.I. Morozov and K.M. Makarenko “Technologies for Regulating Destructive Forms of Protest Activity in Modern Russia”)

CONFERENCES

Saprynskaya D.V., Saparbekova D.S. International Scientific and Practical Conference “Russian-Mongolian Relations: from the Origins to the Present”

Our authors № 2-2021

DOMESTIC HISTORY, ETHNOLOGY AND ETHNOGRAPHY

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.67.2.001

S.P. KOSTRIKOV Doctor of historical Sciences, Professor, head of the Department of history and political science, State University of management, Moscow, Russia

ASSESSMENT OF THE EVENTS OF 1903 IN MACEDONIA AND OLD SERBIA BY ADHERENTS OF THE IDEA OF SLAVIC UNITY IN RUSSIAN PUBLIC OPINION

(On the example of the analysis of the materials of the «News of the St. Petersburg Slavic Charitable Society»)

The article critically describes the views of the followers of the Russian Slavophiles. Their opinions are considered through the prism of the analysis of the materials of the journal "News (Izvestia) of the St. Petersburg Slavic Charitable Society", dedicated to the crisis in Macedonia and Old Serbia in 1903. A brief account of the history of the Society and its press is given. The high quality of Izvestia's publications, which give a vivid picture of the situation in Macedonia, as well as the high level of understanding of the contradictions around the Balkan Peninsula and the true causes of the tragedy of the Slavs and Christians of the Ottoman Empire, were noted.

Key words: "News of the St. Petersburg Slavic Charitable Society", Slavophiles and their Followers, Macedonia and Old Serbia, the Slavic question, Russian policy in the Balkans.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.67.2.002

S.V. BORISNYOV Doctor of Historical Sciences, senior lecturer of the Department of Military and Political Work, Military University of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

S.F. VETITNEV Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor of the Department of Political Science and Law, Moscow State Regional University, Moscow, Russia

SPECIAL PROPAGANDA, AS AN INTEGRAL PART OF THE PARTY-POLITICAL WORK IN THE SOVIET ARMED FORCES

The article reveals the historical aspects of the emergence, development and elimination of special propaganda (specpropaganda) in the Soviet Armed Forces. The main tasks and technologies of the work of specpropagandists for the impact on the enemy personnel and its population during the wars with Japan, Finland and Germany, as well as in post-war local wars and conflicts are described.

Key words: specpropaganda/special propaganda, the main tasks and technologies of specpropaganda, the participants of specpropaganda, the features of specpropaganda during wars and armed conflicts in the past and today, the importance of specpropaganda for modernity.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.67.2.003

А.А. PLEKHANOV Candidate of Sciences (history), Senior Researcher at the Research Center of fundamental military-historical problems, Military University of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

“GENTELMEN CADETS, WHO WERE YOU WITH YESTERDAY?”

(THE CADETS’ UPRISING IN PETROGRAD ON OCTOBER 29, 1917 THROUGH THE EYES OF PARTICIPANTS AND EYEWITNESSES)

Based on the documents of Commission of inquiry at the Petrograd Council of deputies, which are stored in State Archive of the Russian Federation, the reasons, course and results of a revolt of military colleges cadets in Petrograd on October 29, 1917 are analyzed.

Key words: cadet military school, the commissary, the Military Revolutionary Committee, a Provisional government, the red guards, sailors, armored car, telephone exchange.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.67.2.004

E.A. ISTYAGINA-ELISEEVA Candidate of History, director, the State Museum Of Sport, Moscow, Russia

SPORTS AND HISTORICAL HERITAGE: PROBLEMS OF HISTORICAL RESEARCH

The article examines the problem of sports and historical heritage as an important component of the historical past and the present state, confirms that targeted research of sports and historical heritage in our country has not been carried out, but some of its features are highlighted in works devoted to the history of physical culture and sports. The article analyzes the historiographic works reflecting the specifics of the development of sports in different regions and in different historical periods, dedicated to individual sports and some sections of sports work. The necessity of a historiographic analysis of the formation of sport in each subject of the state throughout the history of its existence is proved.

Key words: sports and historical heritage, physical culture, sports, sports history research, historiographic research.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.67.2.005

A.I. MAKINA Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor Department of Psychology, Social Work Khakas State University after N.F. Katanov, Abakan, Russia

SOCIAL PROTECTION OF CHILDREN IN TRADITIONAL KHAKASS SOCIETY

Social protection of children is the most important direction of the social policy of the modern state, which has deep historical roots, including in the structure of the ethnic history of the Russian peoples. Children are a special social group, the future of the people, the existence of traditions of social protection of children takes place in the life of many peoples, this article is aimed at identifying and characterizing the traditions of social protection of children in the traditional Khakass society. Research objectives: description of the attitude of the Khakass people to children; characteristics of the establishment of guardianship over orphans and children left without parental care; description of activities for the social development of children. Research methods: system and comparative analysis. The study period: the second half of the XIX – early XX centuries. Research results: the traditional Khakass society has developed a special system of relations with children, which is characterized by exceptional love and endowing them with sacred properties; guardianship of orphaned children was established by the tribal community and carried out its mandatory actions, it extended not only to children, but also to their property; the community took care of the social development of the younger generation by providing education. Conclusions: the description of the existence of traditions of social protection of children in the Khakass ethnic group allows us to state that modern social technologies for supporting the younger generation function on the basis of the established system of assistance and mutual assistance of the people.

Key words: mutual assistance, children, community, guardianship, family, social protection, traditions of assistance, Khakassia, Khakass ethnic group.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.67.2.006

E.G. ANTONOVA applicant, Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical I.N. Ulyanov, Ulyanovsk, Russia

TRAINING OF TEACHERS IN THE SIMBIRSK PROVINCE IN THE LATE XIX – EARLY XX CENTURIES

The author of the article made an attempt to retrospectively analyze the problem of creation, formation and start of attempts at mass construction of primary schools with the active participation of local bodies of the Simbirsk zemstvo. Local self-government was an important element in the management structure of Russian society, which dealt with important matters and problems of the rural population. Unfortunately, with the change of power in Russia, during the 1917 revolution, the fate of the Zemstvos was a foregone conclusion, although it tried not to surrender its positions, and functioned to the last, so the Zemstvo, having worked for more than half a century, was completely defeated by the power of the Bolsheviks and replaced by the Soviets. But the role of the zemstvo, its unique experience not only in the emerging democracy, was excluded from the life of the country, but also its real work on the formation and creation of the system of zemstvo primary schools. Of particular interest is about what methods and forms of financial assistance the zemstvo provided, whether it was effective, and most importantly, this analysis will help to see what are the benefits and advantages of local self-government at the moment in the person of the zemstvo. Thanks to the financial receipts of the Simbirsk provincial zemstvo, it became possible to organize new schools with a new methodological approach to education, the introduction of new natural and exact academic disciplines. In addition, the zemstvo played a huge and effective role in the formation of the new teachers, which in terms of their level of education were at a high level and in a cultural position. Thus, the beginning of the struggle against illiteracy among the peasant population of the Simbirsk province was laid.

Key words: primary school, Simbirsk zemstvo, Simbirsk province, teacher, school.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.67.2.007

N.A. DEGTYAREVA Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor Orenburg State University, Orenburg, Russia

XX CONGRESS OF THE CPSU

(ON THE HISTORIOGRAPHY OF THE QUESTION)

This year marks the 65th anniversary of the XX Congress of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union, which is inextricably linked with the beginning of democratization in the USSR. The article provides a detailed analysis of the literature devoted to the preparation and holding of the congress, as well as the closed report "On the Cult of Personality and its consequences". The author notes the development of historical science in this direction since the mid-1950s and ending with the present. The researcher shows that until the moment when N. S. Khrushchev was in power the attitude towards his policies and the exposure of the cult of Stalin's personality in literature was relatively positive. Since the mid-1960s, the mood has changed, and the rehabilitation process has slowed down, which could not but affect the historical sources. During the period of Perestroika, archives are declassified, and Nikita Sergeyevich's activities are re-evaluated. Modern authors, the researcher concludes, interpret the political course of N. S. Khrushchev in different ways, highlighting both the strengths and the negative aspects of his activities. The author proves that modern historians give a more objective assessment of Khrushchev's policy.

Key words: XX Congress, historiography, the Communist party, the cult of personality, the thaw, Khrushchev.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.67.2.008

N.S. KROT Postgraduate student Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan, Russia

THE ROLE OF REPRODUCTIVE ATTITUDES IN THE FORMATION OF REPRODUCTIVE BEHAVIOR

(BASED ON THE MATERIALS OF ETHNOSOCIOLOGICAL RESEARCH)

The modern study of demographic behavior is based on an interdisciplinary approach, on the interaction of demography, sociology and ethnology. It is customary to single out reproductive behavior as one of the components of the demographic behavior of the population, as fundamental in the field of population reproduction. Among the Russian population of Russia there is a certain common universal model of reproductive behavior, conditioned by common traditions and norms. To what extent can national and religious factors, expressed by traditions and norms, affect reproductive behavior and reproductive attitudes, and will there be regional differences among the same ethnic group? The purpose of the article is to determine the general trends in reproductive attitudes and their influence on the reproductive behavior of the modern Russian population of the Republic of Tatarstan.

Key words: demographic behavior, reproductive behavior, factors of reproductive behavior, reproductive attitudes, ideal number of children, desired number of children.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.67.2.009

A.M. PETRUKHIN Graduate Student of State University of Management, Moscow, Russia

REACTION OF THE BRITISH PRESS TO THE DISSOLUTION OF THE FIRST STATE DUMA OF THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE

The article considers the reaction of British periodicals of various political orientations to the dissolution of the First State Duma of the Russian Empire. This event was perceived very negatively in the British political environment. Correspondents from both the liberal and conservative British press accused the tsar and the Russian government for what they had done. Some of the authors even saw in the dissolution the reasons for the future revolution and the change in the state system of Russia. As a result of the study, it was revealed that the correspondents' sympathies were mainly on the side of the constitutional democrats. The articles of the reviewed newspapers contributed to the formation of a positive image of the Russian liberal among the British public. Also, the materials of the English press significantly complement the overall picture of the current events.

Key words: British press, State Duma, parliament, dissolution, agrarian question, Constitutional Democrats, Vyborg Manifesto, general strike.

THEORY, PHILOSOPHY AND HISTORY OF POLITICS

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.67.2.010

V.I. VLASOV Doctor of Sciences (law), Professor, Moscow, Russia

THE STATUS OF GOD IN THE RUSSIAN LEGAL SYSTEM

(FORMULATION OF THE QUESTION)

Relying on various legal acts, starting from the first Russian Code (“Russkaya Pravda”) and up to the current Constitution of Russia, the author outlines the legal possibilities of creating a “picture” of the status of God in the legal system of Russia.

Key words: God, divine law, trust in God, the idea of God, the status of God, legislative acts, Russia.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.67.2.011

L.F. BOLTENKOVA Doctor of Sciences (law), Professor, Moscow, Russia

THE BIBLE AS A SOURCE OF LAW

(PART FIVE)

The article is divided into several parts based on the volume of its content.

Key words: God, divine law, natural law, positive law, Bible, Commandments, philosophers, scientists, lawyers, normative documents, legal concepts.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.67.2.012

B.Z. TSANAVA Postgraduate, Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia

T. HOBBES’S PHILOSOPHICAL HERITAGE AND CONTEMPORARY LIBERAL THEORIES OF SOCIAL CONTRACT

The article examines the evolution of elements of social contract theory of T. Hobbes in political philosophy of contemporary liberal theories of J. Rawls, R. Nozick and D. Gauthier. The author states that modern liberal theories of social contract use many significant elements from Hobbes’s contractual theory of state but viewed them through the prism of Kantian practical reason theory, and the transcendental philosophy of Immanuel Kant itself is a theoretical reservoir of redefining the Hobbesian anthropology by contemporary liberal theorists in terms of Kantian moral constructivism. Such view on theory of social contract reduces these liberal theories to the certain modus of argumentation in which the thinking subject in idealized situation makes a moral choice about future state institutions based on the principles of liberal philosophy which state the justification of each state interference in the life of citizens.

Key words: Thomas Hobbes, political liberalism, social contract theory, theory of justice of D. Rawls.

POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.67.2.013

N.N. RAVOCHKIN PhD in Philosophy, Associate Professor of the Department of Humanitarian and Legal Disciplines Kuzbass State Agricultural Academy; Associate Professor at the Department of History, Philosophy and Social Sciences Kuzbass State Technical University named after T.F. Gorbachev, Kemerovo, Russia

WORLD PERIPHERALS AUTHORITIES PRACTICES

In the modern world, social success and evolutionary trajectories of development of states, despite the activity of new actors, still directly depend on the optimal modeling of power practices that have institutional foundations. In the countries of the world periphery, which have only recently fully integrated into the modern system of international relations, it is still possible to record various elements, the analysis of which allows us to understand why entire (macro) regions lag behind the rest of the world. The article, continuing the author's series of works on the study of the institutional orders of semi-peripheral countries, examines the features of modern power practices using the example of Africa. The historical aspects of the isolation of the region as a sociosphere are considered. The examples are shown, according to which the non-original nature of power institutions (import) has been established, as well as the mechanisms of power transfer.

Key words: power, political and legal institutions, periphery, international relations, state, Africa, culture, religion.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.67.2.014

V.V. ZUBOV Candidate of Sciences (history), Associate Professor at the Department of politology, University of Finance of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

М.Е. RODIONOVA PR & GR Director at Celebrium Labs, Candidate of Sciences (sociology), Associate Professor at the Department of politology, University of Finance of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

А.А. YEMELIN junior PR & GR analyst at Celebrium Labs, Master's Student at the Russian University of Finance, Moscow, Russia

POPULATION ATTITUDES TO CORONAVIRUS VACCINATION: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF STUDIES

The article reveals a brief course of the spread of the coronavirus, from China to the spread around the world. A more detailed analysis is presented for registered vaccines, with a focus on Russia, as the first country to introduce Sputnik V, a registered vaccine for coronovirus. The material analyzes and compares the results of studies on the readiness of the Russian population for vaccination conducted by Celebrium Labs and VTsIOM. With relatively similar questions, almost identical results were obtained, which confirms the economy in time and financial costs and the quality of the data obtained with a significantly smaller sample of the patented technologies Celebrium-X by the international analytical company Celebrium Rus.

Key words: COVID-19, pandemic, vaccination, innovative technologies, Celebrium-Х.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.67.2.015

N.A. TYUKOV Candidate of Historical Sciences, Executive Director Center for Socio-Political Projects and Communications; Associate Professor of the Department of Socio-Political Research and Technology Moscow State Pedagogical University, Moscow, Russia

E.R. NIKULIN Student of the Faculty of Applied Political Science Institute of History and Politics, Moscow State Pedagogical University, Moscow, Russia

RUSSIAN TEACHER IN SOCIAL NETWORKS: DISCURSIVE AGENDA, DIGITAL ACTIVISM AND COMMUNICATION MECHANISMS

The article deals with the problems of digital behavior of Russian teachers in the online space. Based on the analysis of the discursive field, created or retransmitted content, the scope of digital interests of teachers, and the value orientations of teachers are determined. The level of involvement in civil and political online practices, the network audience consuming the content of the relevant professional group is analyzed.

Key words: digital behavior, Internet activity, discursive field, communication space, teachers, educators, political activity, civic activity.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.67.2.016

Е.Е. КОCHETKOV Candidate of Political Sciences, Associate Professor at the Chair of Russian history, Russian University of Transport (MIIT), Moscow, Russia

FEATURES OF FEDERALISM IN ARAB COUNTRIES

(ON THE EXAMPLE OF IRAQ)

The article provides a comprehensive analysis of the Arab countries located in the Middle East. The key and actual theoretical points of view of foreign scientists on the nature of federal relations in Arab countries are demonstrated. The author also touches upon the issues of criteria and signs of federative relations. According to the author, it is in the preconditions for the federal form of the territorial-political structure of the state that the degree of longevity and effectiveness of federal relations lies.

At the same time, the comparative analysis showed that Arab countries like the UAE, Iraq, Lebanon and others have a number of features and characteristics that complicate the implementation of federal elements in the political system of the countries of this region. For example, the desire for excessive centralization.

Also, the article provides points of such specialists as D. Christopher, D. Elizer, S. Eisenstad and others.

The author investigates the long-term constitutional changes in Iraq concerning the transformation of federalism. It presents exactly which spheres of the territorial-political structure were subjected to reforms and how this affected the dichotomy of centralization and decentralization of power in Iraq. It shows what historical features of Iraq still continue to influence the nature of relations within Iraq, for example, the existence of Iraqi Kurdistan and a sharp change in the political structure after the invasion of the United States and its allies in 2003.

This article presents the main typologies of devolutionary processes in relation to the Iraqi experience of federal relations.

The author has made assumptions and forecasts regarding the development of centripetal processes in Iraq.

Key words: federalism, asymmetric federalism, Iraq, regional contradictions, separatism, typology, Kurdistan.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.67.2.017

RABAT LUJAIN PhD Student, Junior Researcher the Institute for Demographic Research FCTAS RAS , Moscow, Russia

DIFFICULTIES IN RESOLVING THE SYRIAN CONFLICT: EXTERNAL INTERVENTION AND “LIBERAL” APPROACH TOWARDS PEACE-BUILDING

The war in Syria has created a humanitarian crisis which began in 2011 and continues to this day. The Syrian conflict and its resolution are multilateral processes as they involve many local, regional and international actors, such as Russia, Iran, Turkey, the United States and a number of other countries, as well as various international organizations. These countries have different interests in Syria as well as different approaches to defining the role of the international community in peacebuilding. All this complicates and lengthens the process of resolving the Syrian crisis. Moreover, the main approach to peacebuilding today is to "liberalize" the political regimes and economies of countries in conflict. This approach has been criticized both by scientists and by major countries such as Russia and China. The long and so-far unsuccessful "peace process" of the Syrian crisis is one example of the failure of the "liberalizing" approach to resolving the conflict and creating sustainable peace. This approach has now been replaced by a new trend that promotes a "hybrid" form of peacebuilding, which supports the creation of flexible and resilient local public institutions that can support sustainable peace.

Key words: Syria, peacebuilding, “liberalization”, civil war, foreign intervention, economic sanctions.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.67.2.018

F.A. VOSCRESENSKY Postgraduate student of the Department of Public Policy, Faculty of Political Science Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

PROBLEMS OF JUDICIAL FEDERALISM IN THE POLITICAL SYSTEM OF MODERN RUSSIA

The article shows basis of federalism, which is embodied in various unions of people bound by parity obligations. Free societies living within certain territorial boundaries are gradually realizing a more convenient nature of existence within the framework of a single state, but at the same time they retain their own autonomy in matters of local importance and the right to form government bodies, which are delegated the right to control. One of the authorities is the court, which belongs to one of the three independent branches of government, therefore, just like the other branches, it should be formed by the population. During the judicial reforms in the early 90s. XX century in Russia, the conceptual and legal foundations of the influence of the population of the subjects of the federation on the formation of the judiciary were laid: 1) the jury; 2) Local Peace Justice; 3) Regional legal systems; 4) Regional constitutional (charter) courts. However, by 2021, these democratic judicial mechanisms of democracy have been almost completely phased out. The conclusion is made that this state of affairs belittles the principles of the power of the people and federalism, not allowing to regard modern Russia as a full-fledged federal state.

Key words: judicial power, federalism, democracy, subjects of the federation.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.67.2.019

P.V. DENISENKO Postgraduate student of the Faculty of Political Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

BIG DATA AND RELATIONS BETWEEN STATE AND SOCIETY: OPPORTUNITIES AND SOME AREAS OF APPLICATION

(ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE USA)

In this paper, the author analyzes the potential of Big Data use in the public administration. Big Data is regarded as a tool for achieving openness, transparency and accountability of the state as a policy-maker. In this context, the open access to big government data is a mechanism for establishing feedback between state and society. The case study of the United States Big Data initiatives shows that Big Data technologies give the opportunity, on the one hand, to increase citizen engagement, and, on the other hand, to improve the quality and efficiency of data-driven public policy. The author underlines the importance of Big Data in order to help those users who do not have special knowledge and skills in data analysis.

Key words: Big Data, open data, transparency, openness, accountability, feedback.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.67.2.020

K.A. PILIAGIN Postgraduate student, North-West Institute of Management-branch of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and public Administration, Saint Petersburg, Russia

POLITICAL MECHANISMS (ASPECTS OF CATEGORICAL ANALYSIS)

The article is devoted to the issues of interpretation and analysis of the "political mechanism" category in the specifics of scientific discourse. Examples of political mechanisms are given, their influence is revealed through objective prerequisites, conditions for the emergence of a political mechanism, its direction and structure (components, elements, connections, levels, their interdependence), participation and role in the formation of the political mechanism of leading political actors, value priorities of their activities, establishments and norms, - tools (means and methods, their invariability or variability), strategy as a vector of development (the scale of decisions and measures that are designed to determine the leading directions of development for any time period), the nature and speed of changes in the political environment and place in its political mechanism at the national, regional, world levels, the presence or absence of internal contradictions, the consequences of the political mechanism, forecasts for the probabilistic future. Having considered the points of view of researchers on the key points of the concept, the author dwells on the existing contradictions and insufficiently clarified issues. The novelty of the study lies in the fact that it offers a universal algorithm for categorical analysis of the "political mechanism", taking into account all its significant aspects.

Key words: рolitical mechanism, types, functions, structure, levels, social conditions, political strategy, public administration, actors, analysis algorithm.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.67.2.021

D.A. SEMIBOKOV Post-graduate student of Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

THE PRESENT STRUCTURE OF SCIENTIFIC IDEAS ABOUT UNRECOGNIZED UNRECOGNIZED REPUBLICS AS SPECIAL POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS

The article presents the main approaches associated with understanding the problems of unrecognized states and territories with a disputable status as special political institutions. It offers both a generalized analysis of the concepts affecting the unrecognized republics and the unique features of unrecognized states that distinguish them from other political-territorial entities.

Such concepts as secession, normalization index and others are considered.

Key words: political institutions, unrecognized states, unrecognized republics, territories with disputable status, secession, UN.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.67.2.022

P.V. IVANOV Postgraduate student of the Department of Political Analysis and Management of the Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, member of the SMP RAPN, Moscow, Russia

D.I. PLOTNIKOV Postgraduate student of the Department of Political Analysis and Management, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, member of the SMP RAPN, Moscow, Russia

STABILIZATION OF THE POLITICAL SYSTEM THROUGH THE STATE POLICY OF NATIONAL RECONCILIATION

The article analyzes the role and place of state policy in stabilizing the political system by restoring internal dialogue between the subjects in order to achieve national reconciliation. Modern conditions show that many political systems, against the backdrop of global factors, become unstable and face crisis manifestations in the economic, political and social spheres. In such conditions, the system requires additional public support, but the present shows that many systems were in a state of frozen national conflicts that have escalated in recent years. Due to unresolved disputes within society, when defining the concept of political justice, it is difficult to choose a path for the development of statehood, which, coupled with the polarization of society, makes it impossible to mobilize the civilian masses within the framework of a single state.

The purpose of this article is to analyze the methods of state policy to establish national reconciliation to stabilize the political system. The object is the policy of stabilizing the political system, and the subject is the state policy of national reconciliation.

The article provides an overview of various strategies for national reconciliation. A feature of this article is a comparative study based on data from a number of world regions such as Europe, Africa and Asia. Such a global coverage made it possible to identify the most typical patterns in matters of national reconciliation, and also allows us to trace the effectiveness of various political systems. On the basis of the review, conclusions are drawn about the most effective model of state policy of national reconciliation.

Key words: рolitical system, political parties, mediation, national reconciliation, political crisis, stabilization, arbitration.

POLITICAL CULTURE AND IDEOLOGY

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.67.2.023

S.V. LVOV Candidate of Sociological Sciences, Director for Strategic Development All-Russian Center for the Study of Public Opinion, Moscow, Russia

A.A. MAKSIMOVA sociologist-analyst, Moscow, Russia

S.V. NECHAEVA Candidate of Social Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Stavropol branch Moscow State Pedagogical University, Stavropol, Russia

MECHANISMS AND MOTIVATION FOR THE PARTICIPATION OF THE PEDAGOGICAL COMMUNITY IN POLITICAL AND CIVIL PROCESSES

The article analyzes the results of the study of the forms and mechanisms of teachers ' participation in political and civil processes.

Key words: political and civil participation, pedagogical community, motivation.

THEORY AND HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS, FOREIGN AND WORLD POLICY

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.67.2.024

A.A. TUSHKOV Ph.D., Professor of International Relations and Law, Vladivostok State University of Economics and Service, Vladivostok, Russia

S.S. STEPANOVA Bachelor, Department of International Relations and Law, Vladivostok State University of Economics and Service, Vladivostok, Russia

CONTRADICTIONS AND DICHOTOMIES OF THE CONFLICT POTENTIAL OF THE EASTERN MEDITERRANEAN

As part of this study, the authors look at the conflict potential of the Eastern Mediterranean. At the same time, the focus is on bilateral relations and the current rivalry between the countries of the Arab East. Due to the increasing importance of the struggle for resources in modern international relations, the proposed conflict is the main subject of the study. Playing an important role in understanding the contradictions and existing dichotomies in the political landscape of the Eastern Mediterranean, it is important to understand the full range of factors characteristic of the Middle East region.

Key words: Middle East, Conflict Potential, Eastern Mediterranean, Alliances, Anti-Turkish Alliances.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.67.2.025

D.M. KARENIN Second Secretary, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

V.A. KUZMIN Doctor of Historical Sciences, Ural Federal University, Oriental Studies Department Professor, Ekaterinburg, Russia

JAPAN AND THE EEC: A LONG ROAD TO COOPERATION

The aim of the present article is to analyze the development of relations between Japan and the West European countries in the second half of the 20th century. This research is highly relevant because predictions of modern day interactions between the East and the West can be based on the analysis of development of relations between the key-nations of Europe and Asia in the second half of the 20th century.

The article is based on research conducted by Russian, Japanese and Western experts on relations between Europe and Japan as well as bilateral and multilateral agreements between Japan and the EU as well as statistical reports of the European Commission, the Ministry of Foreign Affairs and the Ministry of Trade and Industry of Japan.

The author of the article used the complex systems approach, as it is the best way to describe the multidimensional nature of relations between Europe and Japan. Other methods employed in the article are the document and content analysis methods because of many official documents used in the research.

The research in question covers the processes that accompanied the formation of political and economic ties between Japan and the European Community.

The implementation of the neoliberal approach to international relations by the end of the 20th century allowed Japan and the EC to overcome problems that political realism did not allow to solve. This laid the foundation for a transcontinental strategic partnership that can only be maintained and thrive in a neoliberal system of international relations.

Key words: European Union, economic cooperation, GATT, EC, Japan, European Commission, political realism, neoliberalism.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.67.2.026

A.A. TUSHKOV Professor of International Relations and Law, Vladivostok State University of Economics and Service, Vladivostok, Russia

YU.S. KRAVCHENKO Head of academic mobility office of Vladivostok State University of Economics and Service, Vladivostok, Russia

RUSSIA ON THE INTERNATIONAL MARKET OF EDUCATIONAL SERVICES. PROBLEMS AND SEARCHES FOR THE FORMATION OF AN INTERNATIONALIZATION MODEL OF EDUCATION

This article is devoted to actual subject – the study of transformational processes in Russian higher education. The author examines the phenomenon of massification of higher education and its impact on education system. Phenomenon globalization and internationalization of higher education is analyzed in article. The article considers the issues of export of educational services in the context of the university internationalization. This phenomenon is the main factor in improving education. The author pays attention to the role of a regional university in the implementation of Russia’s strategy to strengthen its position in the international education market. This article might be interesting for experts dealing with the development of the export potential of the Russian higher education system.

Key words: export of education, globalization, internationalization, transformation of education.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.67.2.027

A.B. GEKHT Ph.D., Associate professor/docent The Bonch-Bruevich Saint Petersburg State University of Telecommunications, the Head of the department of history and region studies, Saint Petersburg, Russia

T.V. MOLCHANOVA Ph.D., Associate professor/docent The Bonch-Bruevich Saint Petersburg State University of Telecommunications, the Head of the department of history and region studies, Saint Petersburg, Russia

A.YU. TSIGONYAEVA Ph.D., Associate professor/docent The Bonch-Bruevich Saint Petersburg State University of Telecommunications, the Head of the department of history and region studies, Saint Petersburg, Russia

V.A. PEREVOZCHIKOVA Master, lecturer, The Bonch-Bruevich Saint Petersburg State University of Telecommunications, the department of history and region studies, Saint Petersburg, Russia

THE MIDDLE EAST VECTOR OF THE US FOREIGN POLICY DURING THE PRESIDENCY OF DONALD TRUMP

(ON THE EXAMPLE OF IRAN AND ISRAEL)

Donald Trump's policy towards Iran and Israel has provoked mixed response not only from the United States opponents, but also from their allies. The article analyzes the key political steps of President Trump in relation to the above Middle East countries. The purpose of the article is to identify the main characteristics of D. Trump's foreign policy towards the Islamic Republic of Iran, the US opponent in the region, and the State of Israel, one of the key Middle East allies of the United States. After analyzing the foreign policy steps of the 45th US President in relation to Iran and Israel, we can say that D. Trump has shown himself as a politician capable of escalating the conflict even against the opinion of the international community in order to achieve his goals. Events demonstrating this include the US withdrawal from the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action and the relocation of the US diplomatic mission from Tel Aviv to Jerusalem. But at the same time, under the mediation of D. Trump, Israel has concluded agreements on the normalization of relations with a number of Arab countries, something that has not happened since the last century and that can be regarded as a significant event for the region. In this situation, the American president has proved to be a politician capable of reconciling the conflicting parties. Undoubtedly, President Trump’s policy in the region will leave a considerable trace and deserves a close research study.

Key words: US, Iran, Israel, Middle East, Donald Trump, US-Iran relations, US-Israel relations.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.67.2.028

I.G. STANKEVICH Postgraduate student of the chair for the «General History» of the Moscow State Pedagogic University, Moscow, Russia

THE RHINE RIVER FROM THE PERSPECTIVE OF ROMANS

(I CENTURY B.C. TILL THE BEGINNING OF THE V CENTURY C.E.)

Rhine is a common name of the large river flowing through the territory of Western Europe. Such an expression as “the Rhine with double horn” as well as the term “Father Rhine” root from the Roman antiquity. The above mentioned phrases point at the fact that Romans granted the river a special attitude. The Rhine played a significant part in shaping the way people saw the world as the river became a sort of a border between the civilized and barbaric world, besides this natural object is obviously an integral part of the history of the Roman expansion. Never the less, how did it happen that Romans managed to integrate the Rhine in their thoughts? Never the less, how did it happen that Rhine became an essential element of the image of the world created in minds of Romans? What associations did it awaken in their minds? What did the river represent for them?

This article illustrates an attempt to examine the attitude of Romans towards Rhine and the region as a whole developed in different periods of the Roman dominance.

The article is based on Roman sources analysis, translated to German language and also on German monography about Roman material culture objects (inscriptions, coins, paintings). Studie’s relevance is, first of all, lack of foreign and regional researches on this subject. Translations are quite new and this monography has never been translated yet to Russian language.

Key words: Ancient Rome, Germany in ancient times, Strabo, Julius Caesar, Claudian, Tacitus.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.67.2.029

A.B. GEKHT Ph.D., Associate professor/docent, The Bonch-Bruevich Saint Petersburg State University of Telecommunications, the Head of the department of history and region studies, Saint Petersburg, Russia

A.V. NEROVNYJ Senior lecturer, The Bonch-Bruevich Saint Petersburg State University of Telecommunications, the department of history and region studies, Saint Petersburg, Russia

T.G. POTAPENKO Ph.D., Associate professor/docent The Bonch-Bruevich Saint Petersburg State University of Telecommunications, the department of history and region studies, Saint Petersburg, Russia

ON THE WAY TO A UNITED EUROPE: INSTITUTIONAL ARCHITECTURE OF THE EUROPEAN COAL AND STEEL COMMUNITY

Large-scale economic and political integration became one of the most important processes that took place on the European continent in the second half of the XX century. It resulted in the creation of the European Union – a leading integration association that plays a major role in the world economy and politics. This is largely possible due to the complex architecture of supranational institutions that ensure the functioning of this association. One of the first integration associations that emerged during the creation of the common integration of European countries was the European Coal and Steel Association, and this article is devoted to the main administrative institutions that are the predecessors of the current supranational bodies of the EU.

Key words: European integration, European Union, the European Coal and Steel Community.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.67.2.030

О.А. SHIMATYUK Academic Head of School Programs of the Novosibirsk City Open College, Novosibirsk, Russia

ENERGY COOPERATION BETWEEN RUSSIA AND THE EUROPEAN UNION UNDER THE TERMS OF THE GREEN DEAL

In the article the author sequentially examines the main points of «Green Deal» which is the part of power-energy partnership between EU and Russia, besides, there are also main features of mid-term cooperation presented in the article.

Key words: European “Green deal”, energy policy of the Russian Federation, energy policy of the European Union, EU`s Energy Union, energy cooperation between Russia and EU.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.67.2.031

N.G. ANTONOVA Lecturer, Department of Middle East Languages, Moscow State Institute of International Relations MGIMO-University, Moscow, Russia

NEW ALLIANCE "US-ISRAEL-ARAB MONARCHIES OF THE PERSIAN GULF" IN THE MIDDLE EAST: REASONS FOR CONVERGENCE AND IMPLICATIONS FOR REGIONAL GEOPOLITICS

The Israel-UAE-Bahrain normalization agreement reflects the changing balance of power in the Middle East and testifies to the strengthening of the power of the strategic alliance of the US-Israel-Arab the GCC states in the region. The purpose of this article is to analyze who benefits from this agreement and why, and how the rapprochement between Israel and the Arab monarchies can further affect the situation in the Middle East and world geopolitics. To achieve the aim of the study, the interests of the main parties to the agreement were identified and analyzed and the possible consequences of rapprochement between the Arabian monarchies and Israel in the context of the Middle East settlement, the balance of power in the region and from the point of view of world geopolitics were assessed.

The author came to the conclusion that it is not the Arab-Israeli settlement that drives the monarchies of the Persian Gulf and Israel that have come closer with the mediation of the United States – each political actor is guided by his own pragmatic interests. In fact, the rapprochement of the UAE and Bahrain with Israel is a short-term diplomatic victory of political leaders, which in the long term can only exacerbate tensions in the region and undermine the authority of monarchies over other Arab countries.

Key words: USA, Israel, UAE, Bahrain, Abraham Accords Peace Agreement, Palestinian-Israeli conflict, geopolitics, Middle East.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.67.2.032

I.A. ARZHANOV International relations and integration processes department, faculty of political science, PhD student, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

THE ARCTIC IN THE SYSTEM OF MODERN INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS: THE LEITMOTIF OF RIVALRY IN THE REGION

In this article, the author identifies and analyzes the features of the foreign policy of modern states in the Arctic in the first quarter of the XXI century. Moreover, special attention is paid to considering the key factors that contributed to the formation of the Arctic region as a new and global point of the world politics. It is emphasized that the Arctic is becoming not only the subject of interest of a large number of international actors, but is also turning into a field of global confrontation. The article highlights that the aggravation of geopolitical contradictions, primarily caused by military-political, economic and territorial problems, creates a qualitatively new situation in the sphere of ensuring national, regional and international security.

Key words: Arctic, security, competition.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.67.2.033

V.S. SHABLOVSKIY Postgraduate Student, Department of Theory and History of International Relations, RUDN University, Moscow, Russia

THE REPUBLIKA SRPSKA: CURRENT POLITICAL REALITY AND PROSPECTS

In this article, the current political and economic prospects of the Republika Srpska within Bosnia and Herzegovina (BiH) are examined, as well as the relations of Banja Luka with its key allies – Serbia and Russia. Moreover, the author proposes and explains his own solution to the regional contradictions in the Balkans, which directly affects the future of the Republika Srpska.

Key words: Republika Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Serbia, High Representative for BiH, constitution of BiH, Russia, EU, USA.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.67.2.034

GUNDU TERESE MOSES Graduate student, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (PFUR), Benue, Nigeria

OLUWAKAYODE OLUMIDE EMMANUEL Graduate student, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (PFUR), Abuja, Nigeria

ANALYZING THE EFFECT OF CORONAVIRUS ON NIGERIA'S EDUCATION SYSTEM

Coronavirus Disease (COVID-19) outbreak has constituted serious concerns to Nigeria education systems. Attempt to slow the transmission of COVID-19 prompted the closure of schools in more than 100 countries worldwide. COVID-19 school closures left over a billion learners out of school in Nigeria and West Africa. The study analyses the effect of COVID-19 on Nigeria and West Africa student’s effects on education including, learning interferences, and decreased access to education and research facilities, Job losses and increased student debts. The findings also show that many educators and students relied on technology to ensure continued learning online during the Coronavirus pandemic. However, online education was stalled by poor infrastructures including, network, power, remoteness and absence issues and poor digital skills. The study underscores the damaging effects of COVID-19 on education sector and the need for all educational institutions, educators, and learners to adopt technology and improve digital abilities in line with the emerging global trends and realities but sadly, the reverse is the case in Nigeria. Ever since the Covid-19 pandemic started and the country was locked down, students both at primary and tertiary levels have been stranded without any effort to adopt the e-learning or virtual learning systems, nor has there been an effort from the government to reopen schools anytime soon. This is against the backdrop of government functionaries attending funerals in mass number, people attending mosques, going to markets and other gatherings as if Covid-19 pandemic has never happened.

Key words: COVID-19, Nigeria, education, health, e-leaning, pandemic.

CONFERENCES

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2021.67.2.035

D.V. SAPRYNSKAYA Researcher at the Institute of Asian and African countries, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

D.S. SAPARBEKOVA Post-graduate student working for the Master’s degree at RANEPA under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

INTERNATIONAL SCIENTIFIC AND PRACTICAL CONFERENCE “RUSSIAN-MONGOLIAN RELATIONS: FROM THE ORIGINS TO THE PRESENT”

OUR AUTHORS

ABAHRA MUSHIR IBRAHIM HASSAN – Postgraduate, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia.

ALJARWAN MOHD KHIER JARWAN – PhD (Political science), Moscow, Russia.

ALSALIBI RIWAA – PhD student, Saint Petersburg State University, department of theory of journalism and mass communications, St. Petersburg, Russia.

BIRYUKOV P.E. – Lecturer-researcher at the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russia.

BOLTENKOVA L.F. – Doctor of Sciences (law), Professor, Moscow, Russia.

BROVCHENKO I.YU. – Researcher fellow of the Archive of the Russian Academy of Sciences, theologian, PhD-student in Vistula University, Warsaw, Poland.

CHICHERIN R.G. – Postgraduate student of the Department of Modern History of Russia, Moscow State Regional University, Moscow, Russia.

EMELYANOVA A.A. – Ph.D. (History), senior lecturer at the General University Department of General and Russian History of the Institute of Humanities of the State, Moscow City University, Moscow, Russia.

EMELYANOVA E.A. – Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of History, Social Studies and Pedagogical Technologies, Kuban State University, branch in Slavyansk-on-Kuban, Slavyansk-on-Kuban, Russia.

ERSHOW N.A. – PhD student, Department of Public Relations and Media policy of the Russian, Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration (RANEPA), Moscow, Russia.

EVSTRATOV M.V. – Adjunct of the Department of history, Military University, Moscow, Russia.

ILYASOV L.M. – Working for the degree of Doctor of History Sciences at the Miklukho-Maklay Institute of Ethnology and Anthropology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.

KAPITONOV A.A. – Candidate of Science degree, Diplomatic Academy Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.

KАRAEV T.M. – Doctor of Philosophy, Professor, Faculty of Philosophy, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.

KRUPSKAIA O.A. – Postgraduate student of the Moscow City Pedagogical University, Moscow, Russia.

KUZNETSOV V.N. – Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor, St. Petersburg State University of Civil Aviation, St. Petersburg, Russia.

LINDO A.V. – Master of Political Science, Herzen State Pedagogical University, Moscow, Russia.

MEDVEDEV N.P. – Doctor of Political Sciences, Professor, Moscow, Russia.

MOISEEV A.V. – Honored Worker of the Higher School of the Russian Federation, Ph.D. of Military Sciences, Professor, Professor of the Department of Public Administration in Foreign Policy, Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia, Moscow, Russia.

NECHAY E.E. – Academic Advisor, Candidate of Political Science, Assistant Professor, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia.

NIKLAUS A.A. – Candidate of Political Sciences, Associate Professor, Dean of the Faculty of Intellectual Property Management, Russian State Academy of Intellectual Property, Moscow, Russia.

NOVIKOVA K.A. – PhD student of the Faculty of International Relations, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia.

OMEROVICH A.R. – Master, Department of Policy Analysis and Management, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia.

OVCHINNIKOV D.S. – Student of a bachelor's degree of the department of Political Science, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia.

PISHCHUK M.D. – Postgraduate student, Department of History of State Institutions and Public Organizations, Faculty of History, Historical and Archival Institute, Russian State University for the Humanities, Moscow, Russia.

POGORELOV S.S. – Teacher of History and Law of the SPO department, Kuban State University, branch in Slavyansk-on-Kuban, Slavyansk-on-Kuban, Russia.

POLTAVTSEVA O.N. – Postgraduate student, Faculty of Political Science Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.

POPOV S.I. – Ph.D. in Political Science, Associate Professor, Department of Policy Analysis and Management, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia (RUDN University), Moscow, Russia.

RUBAN L.S. – Doctor of Science (Sociology), Professor, Head of the Department of Research of International Cooperation Issues Institute of the Socio-Political Researches FSRSC RAS, Moscow, Russia.

SEMENOVA O.V. – Senior Lecturer at the Department of Public Administration in Foreign Policy Diplomatic Academy of the Russian Foreign Ministry, Moscow, Russia.

SHANGARAEV R.N. – Ph.D. of Economic Sciences Associate Professor of the Department of Public Administration in Foreign Policy, Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia, Corresponding Member of the Academy of Military Sciences and the Russian Academy of Natural Sciences, Moscow, Russia.

SHEHADA MO'MIN T.F. – Master Candidate, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia.

SHIKHER N.D. – Post-graduate student of the Chair of national and federal relations, Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Head of the Department at the Office of the Commissioner for Human Rights in the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.

SHIMATYUK O.A. – Graduate student of History science and archeology direction, Imternational relations and law department, NSUEM, Novosibirsk State University of economics and management, Novosibirsk, Russia.

SHOLKOVA M.A. – Post-graduate student of the Diplomatic Academy, third secretary of the Third department of CIS countries MFA of Russia, Moscow, Russia.

SHPAK M.S. – Student of a bachelor's degree of the department of Political Science, Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia.

TITERINA V.K. – Degree applicant of the Moscow City University, Moscow, Russia.

TSVETKOVA O.V. – Candidate of Political Science, Associate Professor, Department of Russian Politics, Faculty of Political Science, Associate Professor Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia.

VANKINA E.A. – Senior lecturer of the Department of International and European Law of the Faculty of Law, National Research Mordovian State University named after N.P. Ogarev, Saransk, Russia.

ZANOZIN N.V. – PhD in Historical sciences, associate Professor, Department of Humanities, Institute of food technology and design – branch of the Nizhny Novgorod state engineering and economic University, Nizhny Novgorod, Russia.

OUR AUTHORS

АMIANTOV A.A. – Candidate of Sciences (political sciences), Associate Professor, Chair of state and municipal administration, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia.

ANTONOVA E.G. – Applicant, Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical I.N. Ulyanov, Ulyanovsk, Russia.

ANTONOVA N.G. – Lecturer, Department of Middle East Languages, Moscow State Institute of International Relations MGIMO-University, Moscow, Russia.

ARZHANOV I.A. – International relations and integration processes department, faculty of political science, PhD student, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.

BOLTENKOVA L.F. – Doctor of Sciences (law), Professor, Moscow, Russia.

BORISNYOV S.V. – Doctor of Historical Sciences, senior lecturer of the Department of Military and Political Work, Military University of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.

DEGTYAREVA N.A. – Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor Orenburg State University, Orenburg, Russia.

DENISENKO P.V. – Postgraduate student of the Faculty of Political Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.

GEKHT A.B. – Ph.D., Associate professor/docent, The Bonch-Bruevich Saint Petersburg State University of Telecommunications, the Head of the department of history and region studies, Saint Petersburg, Russia.

GUNDU TERESE MOSES – Graduate student, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (PFUR), Benue, Nigeria.

ISTYAGINA-ELISEEVA E.A. – Candidate of History, director, the State Museum of Sport, Moscow, Russia.

IVANOV P.V. – Postgraduate student of the Department of Political Analysis and Management of the Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, member of the SMP RAPN, Moscow, Russia.

KARENIN D.M. – Second Secretary, Ministry of Foreign Affairs of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.

KОCHETKOV E.E. – Candidate of Political Sciences, Associate Professor at the Chair of Russian history, Russian University of Transport (MIIT), Moscow, Russia.

KOSTRIKOV S.P. – Doctor of historical Sciences, Professor, head of the Department of history and political science, State University of management, Moscow, Russia.

KRAVCHENKO Yu.S. – Head of academic mobility office of Vladivostok State University of Economics and Service, Vladivostok, Russia.

KROT N.S. – Postgraduate student Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan, Russia.

KUZMIN V.A. – Doctor of Historical Sciences, Ural Federal University, Oriental Studies Department Professor, Ekaterinburg, Russia.

LVOV S.V. – Candidate of Sociological Sciences, Director for Strategic Development All-Russian Center for the Study of Public Opinion, Moscow, Russia.

MAKINA A.I. – Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor Department of Psychology, Social Work Khakas State University after N.F. Katanov, Russia, Abakan.

MAKSIMOVA A.A. – Sociologist-analyst, Moscow, Russia.

MOLCHANOVA T.V. – Ph.D., Associate professor/docent, The Bonch-Bruevich Saint Petersburg State University of Telecommunications, the Head of the department of history and region studies, Saint Petersburg, Russia.

NECHAEVA S.V. – Candidate of Social Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Stavropol branch Moscow State Pedagogical University, Stavropol, Russia.

NEROVNYJ A.V. – Senior lecturer, The Bonch-Bruevich Saint Petersburg State University of Telecommunications, the department of history and region studies, Saint Petersburg, Russia.

NIKULIN E.R. – Student of the Faculty of Applied Political Science Institute of History and Politics, Moscow State Pedagogical University, Moscow, Russia.

OLUWAKAYODE OLUMIDE EMMANUEL – Graduate student, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (PFUR), Abuja, Nigeria.

PEREVOZCHIKOVA V.A. – Master, lecturer, The Bonch-Bruevich Saint Petersburg State University of Telecommunications, the department of history and region studies, Saint Petersburg, Russia.

PETRUKHIN A.M. – Graduate Student of State University of Management, Moscow, Russia.

PILIAGIN K.A. – Postgraduate student, North-West Institute of Management-branch of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and public Administration, Saint Petersburg, Russia.

PLEKHANOV A.A. – Candidate of Sciences (history), Senior Researcher at the Research Center of fundamental military-historical problems, Military University of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.

PLOTNIKOV D.I. – Postgraduate student of the Department of Political Analysis and Management, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, member of the SMP RAPN, Moscow, Russia.

POTAPENKO T.G. – Ph.D., Associate professor/docent, The Bonch-Bruevich Saint Petersburg State University of Telecommunications, the department of history and region studies, Saint Petersburg, Russia.

RABAT LUJAIN – PhD Student, Junior Researcher the Institute for Demographic Research FCTAS RAS, Moscow, Russia.

RAVOCHKIN N.N. – PhD in Philosophy, Associate Professor of the Department of Humanitarian and Legal Disciplines Kuzbass State Agricultural Academy; Associate Professor at the Department of History, Philosophy and Social Sciences Kuzbass State Technical University named after T.F. Gorbachev, Kemerovo, Russia.

RODIONOVA M.E. – PR & GR Director at Celebrium Labs, Candidate of Sciences (sociology), Associate Professor at the Department of politology, University of Finance of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.

SAPARBEKOVA D.S. – Post-graduate student working for the Master’s degree at RANEPA under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.

SAPRYNSKAYA D.V. – Researcher at the Institute of Asian and African countries, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.

SEMIBOKOV D.A. – Post-graduate student of Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.

SHABLOVSKIY V.S. – Postgraduate Student, Department of Theory and History of International Relations, RUDN University, Moscow, Russia.

SHIMATYUK O.A. – Academic Head of School Programs of the Novosibirsk City Open College, Novosibirsk, Russia.

SLYZOVSKIY D.E. – Doctor of Sciences (history), Professor, Peoples’ Friendship University of Russia (PFUR), Moscow, Russia.

STEPANOVA S.S. – Bachelor, Department of International Relations and Law, Vladivostok State University of Economics and Service, Vladivostok, Russia.

STANKEVICH I.G. – Postgraduate student of the chair for the «General History» of the Moscow State Pedagogic University, Moscow, Russia.

TSANAVA B.Z. – Postgraduate, Saint-Petersburg State University, Saint-Petersburg, Russia.

TSIGONYAEVA A.Yu. – Ph.D., Associate professor/docent, The Bonch-Bruevich Saint Petersburg State University of Telecommunications, the Head of the department of history and region studies, Saint Petersburg, Russia.

TUSHKOV A.A. – Ph.D., Professor of International Relations and Law, Vladivostok State University of Economics and Service, Vladivostok, Russia.

TYUKOV N.A. – Candidate of Historical Sciences, Executive Director Center for Socio-Political Projects and Communications; Associate Professor of the Department of Socio-Political Research and Technology Moscow State Pedagogical University, Moscow, Russia.

VETITNEV S.F. – Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor of the Department of Political Science and Law, Moscow State Regional University, Moscow, Russia.

VLASOV V.I. – Doctor of Sciences (law), Professor, Moscow, Russia.

VOSCRESENSKY F.A. – Postgraduate student of the Department of Public Policy, Faculty of Political Science Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.

YEMELIN A.A. – Junior PR & GR analyst at Celebrium Labs, Master's Student at the Russian University of Finance, Moscow, Russia.

ZUBOV V.V. – Candidate of Sciences (history), Associate Professor at the Department of politology, University of Finance of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.

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