• Print
• Email

OUR AUTHORS

ADUTOV R.R. – Military University cadet Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.

АMIANTOV A.A. – Candidate of Sciences (political sciences), Associate Professor, Chair of state and municipal administration, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia.

ANTONOVA N.G. – Lecturer, Department of Middle East Languages, Moscow State Institute of International Relations MGIMO-University, Moscow, Russia.

AVZALOVA E.I. – Candidate of Sc. (Pol.), Associate Professor, Department of Political Sciences, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia.

BARANOV V.P. – Doctor of historical Sciences, Professor, member of the Union of writers of Russia, full member of the Academy of military Sciences, inspector General Of the office of General inspectors of the Ministry of defense of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.

BASIROVA K.K. – Junior researcher of the department Ethnography Institute of History, Archeology and ethnography, Makhachkala, Russia.

BOLTENKOVA L.F. – Doctor of Sciences (law), Professor, Moscow, Russia.

BOYKO N.S. – Doctor of Historical Sciences, Candidate of Legal Sciences, Professor Department of Law of Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University named after I.N. Ulyanov, Ulyanovsk, Russia.

CHENTSOV A.S. – Candidate of Historical Sciences, Senior Researcher, Research Center (Fundamental Military-Historical Problems), Military University of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.

DOSOVA B.A. – Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of World History and International Relations of the Karaganda University named after academician E.A. Buketov, Karaganda, Kazakhstan.

GALKIN K.O. – Student of the Moscow State Institute of International Relations (University) of the Russian Ministry of Foreign Affair, Moscow, Russia.

GASANOV M.M. – Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor, Faculty of History, Department of Russian History, Dagestan State University, Makhachkala, Russia.

GASANOVА A.M. – Graduate student, Faculty of Law, Department of Civil Law, Dagestan State University, Makhachkala, Russia.

GAZIEVA A.A. – Institute of the History of Archeology and Ethnography of the Dagestan Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ph.D. IIAE DFIT RAS, Makhachkala, Russia.

GRACHEV-VORONTSOV A.V. – Consultant of the Department of organizational support of the State Duma meetings of the Department of organizational support of the legislative process of the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation, lawyer, Moscow, Russia.

GUSEYNOV YU.M. – Candidate of historical sciences, associate professor humanitarian of disciplines of the Dagestan state university of the national economy, Makhachkala, Russia.

KOPYLOV I.A. – Candidate of Political Science, Associate Professor, Associate Professor, Department of Political Science, Military University Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.

KOROSTELEV S.V. – Candidate of Legal Sciences, Associate Professor, Executive Secretary of the Joint Commission at the IPA CIS on harmonization of legislation in the field of security and countering new challenges and threats, St. Petersburg, Russia.

KOZLOV M.I. – Candidate of philosophical sciences, Associate Professor at the Department of Philosophy and Sociology, Department of Philosophy and Sociology Higher School of Humanities, Social Sciences and International Communication Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Arkhangelsk, Russia.

LEDENEVA V. YU. – Chief Researcher, Doctor of Sociological Sciences, Associate Professor, Institute for Demographic Research FCTAS RAS, Moscow, Russia.

LI YINAN – Post-graduate student of the School of World Politics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.

MAKSIMOVA D.D. – Candidate of Political Sciences, senior researcher of the Department of Canada of the Institute for US and Canadian studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Associate Professor of the Institute of Modern Languages and International studies of the North-Eastern Federal University, Acting deputy Executive Director of the Northern Forum, Moscow, Russia.

MANOILO A.V. – Doctor of Political Science, Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Professor, Leading Researcher, Department of Europe and America, Central Research Institute of Global and Regional Problems, INION RAS, Moscow, Russia.

NOVIKOV V.S. – Post-graduate student of the Department of History Ulyanovsk state pedagogical university them. I.N. Ulyanova, Ulyanovsk, Russia.

PETROV N.D. – Мaster of Political Science, Moscow State Institute of International Relations, Moscow, Russia.

PYZH V.V. – Doctor of political science, head Department of social and humanitarian disciplines national state University physical culture, sports and health named after P.F. Lesgaft, expert of the Commission on defense and security Inter-parliamentary Assembly of the CIS member States, Saint Petersburg, Russia.

RYAZANTSEV S.V. – Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Doctor of Economics, Professor, Institute for Demographic Research FCTAS RAS, Moscow, Russia.

SAVELEVA U.S. – Russian politics department, faculty of political science, PhD student, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.

SIDOROV S.V. – Applicant for Ulyanovsk State pedagogical university them I.N. Ulyanov, Ulyanovsk, Russia.

SOHRAB BARYA – PhD student, MGIMO University, Moscow, Russia.

STEBNEVA A.V. – PhD student, Department of Russian Politics, Faculty of Political Science, Moscow State University after M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia.

STRIGUNOV K.S. – Freelance correspondent business analytical magazine “Expert”, Moscow, Russia.

SUBBOTIN D.A. – Postgraduate student of the Department of History of Ulyanovsk, State Pedagogical University them. I.N. Ulyanov, Ulyanovsk, Russia.

TEMEREV D.V. – Graduate, Moscow City University Institute of Humanities, Department of Russian History, Moscow, Russia.

VINOGRADOV I.S. – Applicant for the degree of candidate of historical sciences, Moscow, Russia.

• Print
• Email

Scientific Journal “Issues of National and Federative Relations”. Volume 10. Issue 12 (69), 2020.

CONTENTS

DOMESTIC HISTORY, ETHNOLOGY AND ETHNOGRAPHY

• Baranov V.P., Chentsov A.S. The System of Fighting Banditism in Soviet Russia and the Ussr in the First Half of the 1920s
• Gasanov M.M. Social Policy, Estates and Land Relations in the Imamate of Shamil
• Boyko N.S., Subbotin D.A. Collective Everyday Life in 1950-1960
• Guseynov Yu.M. Trial and Blood Feud on Adat as a Measure of Punishment for the Guilty in the First Years of Soviet Power
• Gazieva A.A. Trade as a Societal Factor in the Integrative Processes of Economic Development of the Left Wing of the Caucasian Cordon Line (on the Example of the Fortress City of Kizlyar)
• Basirova K.K. Rites of the Child Cycle in Russian Dagestan (XIX-XX Century)
• Gasanovа A.M. Inheritance in the Law of the Peoples of Dagestan in the 17th – Early 19th Centuries
• Temerev D.V. Foreign Policy of the Soviet Union in the Interwar Period. Current Issues and Problems
• Sidorov S.V. Preparing Young People for Recruitment to the Red Army in the Years of the Great Patriotic War: School and Physical and Sporting Events (on the Materials of the Ulyanovsk Region)
• Novikov V.S. The Problem of the Development of Road Transport and Road Infrastructure in the USSR (1930-1970s) in Russian Historiography

THEORY, PHILOSOPHY AND HISTORY OF POLITICS

• Boltenkova L.F. The Bible as a Source of Law (Part Three)
• Saveleva U.S. Approaches of Foreign Researchers to the Study of Nation-Building
• Petrov N.D. GUAM and the Problems of Resolving Frozen Conflicts in the Post-Soviet Space

POLITICAL REGIONALISM AND ETHNOPOLITICS

• Ryazantsev S.V., Ledeneva V.Yu. Integration of Immigrants in the Conditions of Ethnodemographic Transformations in the Regions of Russia

POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES

• Kopylov I.A., Adutov R.R. Information and Psychological Influence as a Modern Method of Geopolitical Confrontation
• Avzalova E.I. The Mechanism of Political Mobilization on the Internet

THEORY AND HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND WORLD POLITICS

• Korostelev S.V., Pyzh V.V. Modern Security Paradigm for States of the Baltic Region
• Manoilo A.V., Stebneva A.V., Strigunov K.S. The Iranian Factor in Russia's Entry into the Syrian War: Reasons and Strategic Risks
• Kozlov M.I. Russian Tradition as a Factor of Counteraction to Globalization in the American Way
• Аmiantov A.A., Grachev-Vorontsov A.V. Parliamentary Assembly of the Union of Belarus and Russia as an Institution of Interstate Cooperation
• Dosova B.A. Border Cooperation of Kazakhstan and Russia – the Most Important Link Bilateral Relations between Countries
• Maksimova D.D. Land Claims of Indigenous Peoples in Canada
• Li Yinan. Why Did Mao Zedong Decide Not to Maintain the Soviet-Chinese Alliance Led by Khrushchev? – Argue with Associate Professor A.O. Vinogradov on Several Questions about Soviet-Chinese Relations
• Antonova N.G. Relations between Russia and Saudi Arabia in the XXI Century: the Current State and Prospects for Cooperation
• Vinogradov I.S. Tajikistan and China. Cooperation at the Present Stage
• Sohrab Barya. Consequences of US Policy in Afghanistan and Prospects for Further Development of the Country
• Galkin K.O. The Origin of the Phenomenon of American-Israeli Strategic Partnership in the 50-60s

Our authors № 12-2020

DOMESTIC HISTORY, ETHNOLOGY AND ETHNOGRAPHY

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.69.12.001

V.P. BARANOV Doctor of historical Sciences, Professor, member of the Union of writers of Russia, full member of the Academy of military Sciences, inspector General Of the office of General inspectors of the Ministry of defense of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

A.S. CHENTSOV Candidate of Historical Sciences, Senior Researcher, Research Center (Fundamental Military-Historical Problems), Military University of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

THE SYSTEM OF FIGHTING BANDITISM IN SOVIET RUSSIA AND THE USSR IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE 1920s

The article is devoted to the consideration of an insufficiently studied issue in Russian historiography – the organization and functioning of the system of combating banditry in Soviet Russia and the USSR in the first half of the 1920s. Special attention is paid to the structures that performed the tasks of combating banditry, determining their place and role in the general system fight against banditry. The analysis of military methods of combating banditry is given, the contribution of Soviet military thought to the substantiation of the forms and methods of actions of troops against the enemy using the methods of partisan warfare is considered.

Key words: the fight against banditry, the Central Interdepartmental Commission for the fight against banditry, the All-Russian Central Executive Committee, the Workers and Peasants Red Army, the organs and troops of the Cheka – OGPU.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.69.12.002

M.M. GASANOV Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor, Faculty of History, Department of Russian History, Dagestan State University, Makhachkala, Russia

SOCIAL POLICY, ESTATES AND LAND RELATIONS IN THE IMAMATE OF SHAMIL

The article attempts to reveal in detail all aspects of the reform activities of Imam Shamil in solving the land issue and conducting social policy in the multiethnic region. The study provides an overview of various historiographic concepts that existed in Russian historical science on the issues of Shamil's personality and activities. The topic presented in the work is extremely relevant, since, despite its study in historical science, there are different points regarding the reforms in the Imamate of Shamil. Some works of foreign and domestic authors, as well as a number of primary sources for the period under study, are the main basis for the study.The work was written in accordance with the principles of objectivity and historicism.

As the main historical research methods, the work uses: the historical-genetic or descriptive historical method, the essence of which is the systematization and presentation of already available data on the topic, the comparative-historical method, thanks to which various points of view on the topic are analyzed, and by attracting sources and literature, the working position of the author is displayed. The work reveals the question of the driving forces and motley social base of the Imamate during the period of reforms.

Key words: Shamil, feudalism, social policy, muridism.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.69.12.003

N.S. BOYKO Doctor of Historical Sciences, Candidate of Legal Sciences, Professor Department of Law of Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University named after I.N. Ulyanov, Ulyanovsk, Russia

D.A. SUBBOTIN Postgraduate student of the Department of History of Ulyanovsk, State Pedagogical University them. I.N. Ulyanov, Ulyanovsk, Russia

COLLECTIVE EVERYDAY LIFE IN 1950-1960

In the article, the author attempts to analyze the state of agriculture in the period after the military restoration of the national economy. In 1951-1960. In the agrarian sector of the economy, in order to increase food production, a number of measures and reforms were repeatedly taken by the party and state bodies. However, they were mostly of an organizational nature, and the large human losses of able-bodied collective farmers in the Great Patriotic War had a strong impact on the development of the agrarian sector for many years. Despite all the difficulties, the collective farmers enjoyed life and were actively involved in the restoration of the national economy and their collective farm. The authors, in the process of preparing this article, for the first time enter into scientific circulation the archival documents of the State Archive of the Latest History of the Ulyanovsk Region from fund 33, inventory. 1. D. 50, fund 1512, inventory 1, file 40 and fund 3, inventory 1, file 231.

Key words: war, agriculture, collective farm, land, harvest, grain, mechanization, N.S. Khrushchev, Kuibyshevskaya HPP.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.69.12.004

YU.M. GUSEYNOV Candidate of historical sciences, associate professor humanitarian of disciplines of the Dagestan state university of the national economy, Makhachkala, Russia

TRIAL AND BLOOD FEUD ON ADAT AS A MEASURE OF PUNISHMENT FOR THE GUILTY IN THE FIRST YEARS OF SOVIET POWER

The article considers the problem of judicial power and blood feud according to the traditional norms of Adat among Kumyks on the basis of special historical literature, archival materials, and field ethnographic material. After the creation of the Soviet state, a new legal system began to take shape. In the first years of Soviet power, the norms of Adat and Sharia were reflected in the legal system of the state. In 1927, Sharia courts were banned by the Soviet state. Despite the prohibitions of the state, Adat norms continued to exist in the studied time among Kumyks.

Key words: Adat, Sharia, Kumyks, blood feud, Koran, Dagestan.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.69.12.005

A.A. GAZIEVA Institute of the History of Archeology and Ethnography of the Dagestan Federal Research Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Ph.D. IIAE DFIT RAS, Makhachkala, Russia

TRADE AS A SOCIETAL FACTOR IN THE INTEGRATIVE PROCESSES OF ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT OF THE LEFT WING OF THE CAUCASIAN CORDON LINE (ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE FORTRESS CITY OF KIZLYAR)

Kizlyar during the Caucasian War, until the emergence of new fortresses on the Left Wing of the Caucasian Line, was the main conductor of the economic policy of the Russian Empire in the North-Eastern Caucasus. The policy of the tsarist administration was aimed at involving the mountain peoples in the Russian economic field, at economic integration, for the gradual development of the region by peaceful means. The article deals with the formation of permanent trade relations in the city and trade as a factor of integrative processes. Based on the available sources and literature, the trade turnover between the highlanders and Russian merchants is shown, the role of the city of Kizlyar, the center of not only regional trade, but also international trade, is shown. With the development of trade in the region, agricultural production and handicraft production developed more and more, which subsequently took shape in industry, since with an increase in the number of markets and their expansion, the demand for various goods systematically increased. Numerous peoples and confessions were represented in the markets of the city of Kizlyar, which contributed to the formation of a multicultural dialogue in the region.

Key words: trade, industry, mountaineers, economic specialization.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.69.12.006

K.K. BASIROVA Junior researcher of the department Ethnography Institute of History, Archeology and ethnography, Makhachkala, Russia

RITES OF THE CHILD CYCLE IN RUSSIAN DAGESTAN (XIX-XX century)

Based on ethnographic data and literary sources the article presents the traditional ritual practices of child cycle Dagestan, Russian: spells and rituals, various prohibitions, the keepers of the mother and newborn from the effects of "other negative forces", ideas and superstitions associated with birth and the first weeks of a child's life. The work presents the traditional world of things that surrounded the child from birth, with all their inherent functions. The most important among them can be considered a cradle, toys, clothes and jewelry created for children by both adults and children themselves (some toys). In the system of traditional ritual practices of the life cycle, the most abundant archaic ideas and beliefs are the children's cycle.

Key words: rites of life cycle, children's cycle, Russians of Dagestan, Ethnography of childhood, magical representations.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.69.12.007

А.M. GASANOVА Graduate student, Faculty of Law, Department of Civil Law, Dagestan State University, Makhachkala, Russia

INHERITANCE IN THE LAW OF THE PEOPLES OF DAGESTAN IN THE 17TH – EARLY 19TH CENTURIES

In the article, on the basis of diverse sources and literature, an attempt is made to analyze inheritance law in Dagestan in the 17th and early 19th centuries. The author aims to show the transformation of inheritance law in the specified chronological period, in the context of historical events in the region. The article is devoted to one of the little-studied problems of the evolution of inheritance law among the peoples of Dagestan in the 17th – early 20th centuries. Based on the analysis of the Dagestan adats and Muslim law (Sharia), the process of the development of hereditary legal relations, the scope of application of the adat and Sharia in the judicial practice of the mountaineers of Dagestan is traced.

Key words: inheritance law, adat, Sharia, tukhum (clan), consciousness, heir, will, law.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.69.12.008

D.V. TEMEREV Graduate, Moscow City University Institute of Humanities, Department of Russian History, Moscow, Russia

FOREIGN POLICY OF THE SOVIET UNION IN THE INTERWAR PERIOD. CURRENT ISSUES AND PROBLEMS

In 2019, the issue of responsibility for the outbreak of World War II has again become particularly relevant in the international information space. The discussion, which began on the eve of the 75th anniversary of the Victory, quickly left the scientific path and turned into a politically engaged polemic, in which state leaders and public figures took part, among others.

In fact, the events of 1937-1939 were a kind of logical conclusion of the processes and actions that were taken by both the Soviet leadership and the leaders of Western countries in the interwar period.

For this reason, it is extremely important to turn to the history of the entire complex of international relations in the interwar period, with an emphasis on those issues that directly led to the formation and aggravation of the crisis situation.

Key words: Soviet Union, foreign policy, the interwar period; the system of collective security, the causes of the Second World war.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.69.12.009

S.V. SIDOROV Applicant for Ulyanovsk State pedagogical university them I.N. Ulyanov, Ulyanovsk, Russia

PREPARING YOUNG PEOPLE FOR RECRUITMENT TO THE RED ARMY IN THE YEARS OF THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR: SCHOOL AND PHYSICAL AND SPORTING EVENTS (ON THE MATERIALS OF THE ULYANOVSK REGION)

The article attempts to reconstruct the events, work with the population of the Ulyanovsk region, and military-patriotic education. Special attention is paid to the preparation for the army of young people from school age and the problems encountered and their solutions. The Great Patriotic War of 1941-1945 turned out to be the hardest test for the entire Soviet people. In extreme conditions, the state had to restructure the national economy to serve the front. Also, cardinal changes have affected other sectors of the country (education, army, etc.). A conscription company in the Ulyanovsk region, military training in schools was organized at a high, ideological and political level. During the war, the regional schools were strongly influenced by the martial law in the country and the ongoing evacuation of enterprises to our region. New schools were created, but students constantly dropped out of educational institutions due to the poor material condition of students and the unimportant supply of schools, a small number of graduates graduated. In addition, schools themselves experienced an acute shortage of teaching and visual aids. In this regard, a significant role was given to the military-physical training of schoolchildren. This training of schoolchildren in the Ulyanovsk region in 1943-1945, took place at an intermediate level. Despite the fullness of the activities carried out, there were certain problems with this type of training. There were no gyms and sports equipment, there was not enough teaching staff for schools. All mass sports work took place mainly on the street, which did not make it possible to judge the comprehensive military physical training carried out. In the winter period, mainly ski training was carried out. But, nevertheless, in difficult material, technical and personnel conditions, schools carried out the necessary training not only in the curriculum, but also in the military-physical education of the younger generation.

Key words: war, school, education, recruiting company, Red Army, Ulyanovsk region, physical culture, sports.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.69.12.010

V.S. NOVIKOV Post-graduate student of the Department of History Ulyanovsk state pedagogical university them. I.N. Ulyanova, Ulyanovsk, Russia

THE PROBLEM OF THE DEVELOPMENT OF ROAD TRANSPORT AND ROAD INFRASTRUCTURE IN THE USSR (1930-1970S) IN RUSSIAN HISTORIOGRAPHY

The article provides a historiographic analysis of the works of Russian authors on the development of road transport and road infrastructure in the Soviet period (1930-1970s). The author analyzed the works of both Soviet and Russian researchers, highlighted key points, emphasized the fact that, despite the applied nature of the work in the Soviet era, they were the basis for further scientific research both in the late Soviet and post-Soviet periods. The development of motor transport and its transformation into an essential segment of the national economy has set the task of ensuring the safety of its use. The author made an attempt to consider the legal basis for the formation and formation of the structural unit of the NKVD (Ministry of Internal Affairs) – the traffic safety service, which began in the mid-1930s, received a tangible impetus in subsequent years, as the road network expanded and road transport increased. The study of the activities of the State Traffic Inspectorate is becoming especially in demand given the current difficult situation on the roads of the country, on the one hand, and the massive transition of residents of our country to the rank of motorists, on the other. The growth in the number, technical equipment and structural development of the State Traffic Inspectorate testifies that its functioning was perceived by the authorities and the population as the most important state task.

Key words: road safety, road infrastructure, road safety, historiography, traffic rules.

THEORY, PHILOSOPHY AND HISTORY OF POLITICS

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.69.12.011

L.F. BOLTENKOVA Doctor of Sciences (law), Professor, Moscow, Russia

THE BIBLE AS A SOURCE OF LAW (PART THREE)

Based on the second part of Article 67 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, the author sets the task to show the convergence in the legal systems of the world divine and human principles, while keeping in mind that the beginning of a positive (human, artificial) rights was embedded in the theological stage of civilization. The implementation of this task requires an analysis of various legal concepts in their historical development; the content of the Bible in the context of the norms of human behavior, rules of life (commandments, parables of Jesus Christ, recommendations of the Holy Apostles); regulatory documents of various countries, including Russia, in their historical development.

The article is divided into several parts based on the volume of its content.

Key words: God, divine law, natural law, positive law, Bible, Commandments, philosophers, scientists, lawyers, normative documents, legal concepts.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.69.12.012

U.S. SAVELEVA Russian politics department, faculty of political science, PhD student, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

APPROACHES OF FOREIGN RESEARCHERS TO THE STUDY OF NATION-BUILDING

The article is devoted to the issues of nation-building conceptualization and defining the features of the approaches of foreign researchers to the study of this category. The presented material allows to conclude that the category of nation-building is an object of interest for the world scientific community, approaches to the study of which are contradictory. An interdisciplinary approach plays a special role in modern scientific research in the field of nation-building.

Key words: nation-building, nation, ethnicity, nationalism.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.69.12.013

N.D. PETROV Мaster of Political Science, Moscow State Institute of International Relations, Moscow, Russia

GUAM AND THE PROBLEMS OF RESOLVING FROZEN CONFLICTS IN THE POST-SOVIET SPACE

The organization for democracy and economic development GUAM, initially positioned itself as a coalition for resolving frozen conflicts in the post-Soviet space. The abbreviation GUAM means a block of countries that were at the origins of the organization: «Georgia, Ukraine, Azerbaijan, Moldova».

At the very beginning of the organization's formation, in addition to these countries, it included Uzbekistan, but this state decided to leave the organization because it was interested in deeper integration with Russia. Apparently, GUAM membership has made active efforts to resolve frozen conflicts, but none of the initiatives have been successful. GUAM has gone through stages of repeated freezing and resumption of activities, however, there is no denying the new methods and solutions that have been proposed by GUAM to resolve frozen conflicts. Frozen conflict zones located in each of the republics significantly hinder economic development, as well as interaction with international institutions. The article analyzes the reasons for the failed actions taken by GUAM to resolve such conflicts. The subsequent destabilization of the political situation and the lack of a collective political agenda among the participating countries. The article analyzes the activities of GUAM on the territory of the participating countries in the run-up to the elections in Moldova and before the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict. This article is aimed at analyzing the prospects of interaction between GUAM and the territories of frozen conflicts. The study showed that today the GUAM organization is not able to regulate the situation in conflict zones, despite the intensification of military operations in Nagorno-Karabakh and Eastern Ukraine.

Key words: GUAM, frozen conflicts, CIS, peaceful settlement.

POLITICAL REGIONALISM AND ETHNOPOLITICS

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.69.12.014

S.V. RYAZANTSEV Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Doctor of Economics, Professor, Institute for Demographic Research FCTAS RAS, Moscow, Russia

V.YU. LEDENEVA Chief Researcher, Doctor of Sociological Sciences, Associate Professor, Institute for Demographic Research FCTAS RAS, Moscow, Russia

INTEGRATION OF IMMIGRANTS IN THE CONDITIONS OF ETHNODEMOGRAPHIC TRANSFORMATIONS IN THE REGIONS OF RUSSIA

The article presents the results of an empirical study aimed at studying the role of immigration in the transformation of the ethno-demographic structure of the region. The scientific significance and modernity of the study of the social determination of the process of integration of immigrants into local communities is characterized. Ethnic aspects of population reproduction in Russian society are analyzed. The need to find effective ways to include immigrants in the economic, social and cultural life of the host community, in order to minimize the risks of tension and disintegration in the interaction of different ethnic groups, is argued. The features of the geographical localization and forms of socio-political and economic activity of ethnic communities of immigrants are revealed.

The purpose of the analysis presented in the article was to assess the opinions of the expert community of migration-redundant regions regarding the significance of the migration processes taking place in the region and their impact on the ethno-demographic transformation of the region. The positive and negative consequences of the impact of migration on all components of life in the region, the role of diasporas and the most significant ethnic communities in the integration of immigrants are analyzed, the mechanisms of functioning of informal immigrant networks are determined, and practical recommendations are developed to improve migration policy in terms of stimulating the integration of immigrants into Russian society.

The presented results are based on the synthesis of modern ethno-demographic and sociological theories in the field of studying the processes of adaptation and integration of immigrants, as well as applied theories of socially conditioned migration policy. The scientific novelty of the results lies in the study of the ethno-demographic potential and integration strategies of migrants in the context of the expert opinion of representatives of state and municipal authorities.

The practical significance lies in the possibility of using the specifics of the identified aggregate expert opinion for the effective management of migration processes.

Key words: ethno-demographic structure, immigrants, migration policy, informal networks, adaptation, integration.

POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.69.12.015

I.A. KOPYLOV Candidate of Political Science, Associate Professor, Associate Professor, Department of Political Science, Military University Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

R.R. ADUTOV Military University cadet Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

INFORMATION AND PSYCHOLOGICAL INFLUENCE AS A MODERN METHOD OF GEOPOLITICAL CONFRONTATION

The article examines the modern information and psychological impact as one of the methods and ways of conducting geopolitical confrontation, characterizes its negative impact on the consciousness of the civilian population and military personnel.

Key words: geopolitical confrontation, informational and psychological influence, destructive influence on the consciousness of military personnel and civilians.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.69.12.016

E.I. AVZALOVA Candidate of Sc. (Pol.), Associate Professor, Department of Political Sciences, Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia

THE MECHANISM OF POLITICAL MOBILIZATION ON THE INTERNET

The article is devoted to the consideration of the role of Internet communications in the political mobilization of citizens. Internet communications create new opportunities for interaction and association of citizens and significantly accelerate political mobilization. In the information age the "orange revolutions", "color revolutions" of the last century were replaced by high-tech "network revolutions". However, there is no consensus among researchers in their understanding of the role of Internet communications in mobilizing protest activity. The article discusses the mechanism for mobilizing civic activity on the Internet. It is concluded that political activity on the Internet is not just an online projection of the activity of citizens in real political life, but also a source of political activity of citizens.

Key words: Internet, Internet communications, mobilization, political participation, online politics.

THEORY AND HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND WORLD POLITICS

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.69.12.017

S.V. KOROSTELEV Candidate of Legal Sciences, Associate Professor, Executive Secretary of the Joint Commission at the IPA CIS on harmonization of legislation in the field of security and countering new challenges and threats, St. Petersburg, Russia

V.V. PYZH Doctor of political science, head Department of social and humanitarian disciplines national state University physical culture, sports and health named after P.F. Lesgaft, expert of the Commission on defense and security Inter-parliamentary Assembly of the CIS member States, Saint Petersburg, Russia

MODERN SECURITY PARADIGM FOR STATES OF THE BALTIC REGION

The article examines the strategic position and importance of the Baltic region in the system of international relations through the idea of cooperative security, which differs from the traditional idea of collective security in that multinational ad hoc coalitions are created to counter the aggressor.

The security of the state is ensured both by participation in permanent unions created for the implementation of collective defense, and by participation in temporary associations to solve common problems.

Key words: collective security, cooperative security, strategy cooperation, common interests in the field of security, the Baltic sea region.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.69.12.018

A.V. MANOILO Doctor of Political Science, Candidate of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Professor, Leading Researcher, Department of Europe and America, Central Research Institute of Global and Regional Problems, INION RAS, Moscow, Russia

A.V. STEBNEVA PhD student, Department of Russian Politics, Faculty of Political Science, Moscow State University after M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia

K.S. STRIGUNOV Freelance correspondent business analytical magazine “Expert”, Moscow, Russia

THE IRANIAN FACTOR IN RUSSIA'S ENTRY INTO THE SYRIAN WAR: REASONS AND STRATEGIC RISKS

The article poses the objective of revealing the influence of the Islamic Republic of Iran on the decision of the Russian leadership to begin a military operation in the Syrian Arab Republic. Using system analysis and synthesis the reasons for Russia’s decision to provide direct military assistance to the Bashar al-Assad government were first identified taking into account the development and signing of the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action to ensure the peaceful nature of the Iranian nuclear program. A connection was found between the weakening of the positions of the Syrian Arab Army in Syria in 2013-2015 and the sharp increase in the number of pro-Iranian Shiite proxy groups in its territory over the same period. An analysis of the sequence of events in the first half and mid-2015 showed that Russia's interest in the early signing of the Joint Comprehensive Plan of Action was largely due to the need for the Russian leadership to be sure that Iran would have the necessary resources for long-term financing of its proxy groups without which Russia's direct involvement in the Syrian conflict posed unacceptable risks to it. It also identified long-term risks for Russia and Iran in the Syrian conflict due to U.S. actions to weaken them mutually primarily through sanctions aimed at undermining the economic potential of both countries and their ability to maintain their presence in Syria at the required level in the long term. It is shown that the hypothetical loss of positions by Iran in Syria under the influence of sanctions and with enormous resources invested in Syria can lead to domestic political instability in the Islamic Republic with the risk of escalating into a military-political destabilization of a transregional scale.

Key words: Russia, Iran, Syria, proxy groups, the Middle East, JCPOA, sanctions.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.69.12.019

M.I. KOZLOV Candidate of philosophical sciences, Associate Professor at the Department of Philosophy and Sociology, Department of Philosophy and Sociology Higher School of Humanities, Social Sciences and International Communication Northern (Arctic) Federal University named after M.V. Lomonosov, Arkhangelsk, Russia

RUSSIAN TRADITION AS A FACTOR OF COUNTERACTION TO GLOBALIZATION IN THE AMERICAN WAY

The relevance of the study is conditioned by the complexity and inconsistency of the historical process where two tendencies are opposed: an objective tendency towards the development of a single inter-civilisational, inter-ethnic space in all spheres of human life and a counter-tendency of resistance to globalisation under the influence of the United States (“American-style globalisation”). In this regard, this study is aimed at exploring the significance of the Russian tradition as the basis for the development of the culture of the people, which has been understudied by Russian authors, but constitutes one of the factors in countering the American-style globalisation. The leading method for the study of this issue is the method of analysis, which allows for an in-depth consideration of the essence of the globalisation of the American model of social development as a standard in all areas of the world community and the role of the Russian tradition as its alternative. The study analyses the historical process of reforming the traditions of Russian civilisation under the influence of the policy of the leadership of post-Soviet Russia. Furthermore, the study identifies and substantiates the need for restructuring on a socialist basis. The materials of the study are of practical value for specialists studying the factors of influence on the development of Russian culture and the values of the people.

Key words: American-style globalization, tradition, Russian people, Russian tradition, Russian idea, socialism.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.69.12.020

А.А. АMIANTOV Candidate of Sciences (political sciences), Associate Professor, Chair of state and municipal administration, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia

А.V. GRACHEV-VORONTSOV Consultant of the Department of organizational support of the State Duma meetings of the Department of organizational support of the legislative process of the State Duma of the Federal Assembly of the Russian Federation, lawyer, Moscow, Russia

PARLIAMENTARY ASSEMBLY OF THE UNION OF BELARUS AND RUSSIA AS AN INSTITUTION OF INTERSTATE COOPERATION

In the article discusses the organization and functioning of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Union of Belarus and Russia, identifies the main participants of inter-parliamentary cooperation within this organization, reveals the features of the inter-parliamentary dialogue, and draws conclusions about the importance of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Union of Belarus and Russia in the integration process of the two states.

Key words: Parliamentary Assembly of the Union of Belarus and Russia, inter-parliamentary cooperation, parliamentary diplomacy, political elites, integration.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.69.12.021

B.A. DOSOVA Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of World History and International Relations of the Karaganda University named after academician E.A. Buketov, Karaganda, Kazakhstan

BORDER COOPERATION OF KAZAKHSTAN AND RUSSIA – THE MOST IMPORTANT LINK BILATERAL RELATIONS BETWEEN COUNTRIES

This article is devoted to cross-border cooperation between the Republic of Kazakhstan and the Russian Federation. It is emphasized that mutually beneficial cooperation is based on the most important interstate treaties and agreements dating back to the 90s of the twentieth century, since the establishment of diplomatic relations between the two states. It is noted that the parties pay special attention to the solution of key issues aimed at improving the well-being of the peoples of Kazakhstan and Russia. A number of issues are highlighted that await their decision.

Key words: Kazakhstan, Russia, cross-border cooperation, agreements, concept, region.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.69.12.022

D.D. MAKSIMOVA Candidate of Political Sciences, senior researcher of the Department of Canada of the Institute for US and Canadian studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences; Associate Professor of the Institute of Modern Languages and International studies of the North-Eastern Federal University, Acting deputy Executive Director of the Northern Forum, Moscow, Russia

LAND CLAIMS OF INDIGENOUS PEOPLES IN CANADA

There are three groups of indigenous peoples in Canada, First Nations, Inuit and Metis, who were under the policy of assimilation until the end of the XX century. In 2008, the Canadian government offered an official apology to the indigenous peoples for its policy of assimilation in the past. The struggle of Aboriginal people in Canada for their rights has a long history, one of the central places in which is occupied by cases of settlement of land claims of indigenous peoples. Since the 1970s, processes began to return the ancestral lands to the indigenous peoples of Canada, which are called land claims. Each of the three indigenous groups in Canada can address a land claim to the federal and provincial governments to determine compensation and return the ancestral Aboriginal lands to their actual ownership. As a result of the consideration of such land claims, agreements are concluded in which the rights of indigenous peoples are spelled out. This process has not yet been completed; dozens of cases are still pending in Canada to determine the original rights of autochthons. In the 1970-1980 solving the problems of the indigenous peoples of the North is becoming one of the priority directions of Canada's policy. Ottawa's attention to the region and its inhabitants was caused in connection with the activities of the indigenous peoples of the North, who claimed their rights in the so-called land claims. The article will consider land claims cases in the territories of Quebec, the federal territories of Yukon, Nunavut and the Northwest Territories.

Key words: Canada, Quebec, North, Arctic, Yukon, Northwest Territories, Nunavut, land claims, indigenous people, Inuit, First Nations.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.69.12.023

LI YINAN Post-graduate student of the School of World Politics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

WHY DID MAO ZEDONG DECIDE NOT TO MAINTAIN THE SOVIET-CHINESE ALLIANCE LED BY KHRUSHCHEV? – ARGUE WITH ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR A.O. VINOGRADOV ON SEVERAL QUESTIONS ABOUT SOVIET-CHINESE RELATIONS

Many soviet and Russian historians and sinologists attribute the main fault of the Soviet-Chinese split to Mao Zedong: because of his nationalist ambitions, Mao did not want the USSR to lead China within the socialist camp. On the contrary, he tried to place the Chinese nation above the Russian one. In China, after the death of Mao, official scholars always say that Mao Zedong actively resisted the chauvinism of the Soviet Union during the period of the Soviet-Chinese alliance, thwarted the Soviet Union’s attempts to control China, and defended China’s national dignity and national interests. It seems that both sides believe that China’s national interests are the major consideration of Mao Zedong when he sorted out the Soviet-Chinese relations. This is not true. Mao Zedong is a communist in the first place and a patriot in the second place. In the eyes of Mao, the new line of the international communist movement aimed at “peaceful coexistence” and “peaceful transition”, proposed by Khrushchev after the 20th and 21st Congress of CPSU, was wrong. It was contrary to Leninism and was detrimental to the interests of the proletariat of the whole world. As a communist, he could not allow the “traitor” Khrushchev to lead the international communist movement to disaster. This is the main reason for his determination to break with Khrushchev and end the Sino-Soviet alliance.

Key words: Soviet-Chinese relations, international communist movement, Mao Zedong, Stalin, Khrushchev, peaceful coexistence, peaceful transition.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.69.12.024

N.G. ANTONOVA Lecturer, Department of Middle East Languages, Moscow State Institute of International Relations MGIMO-University, Moscow, Russia

RELATIONS BETWEEN RUSSIA AND SAUDI ARABIA IN THE XXI CENTURY: THE CURRENT STATE AND PROSPECTS FOR COOPERATION

The article examines and analyzes the current state, achievements, challenges and prospects for cooperation between Russia and Saudi Arabia in the political, economic, and energy spheres in the 21st century. Special attention was paid to energy cooperation between countries and the need to find compromises within the framework of the «OPEC+» agreement on the reduction of oil production. The analysis was focused on the prospects for the development of bilateral relations between Russia and Saudi Arabia, given the existing disagreements on oil production and hydrocarbon prices, as well as fundamentally opposing positions on a number of topics on the political agenda. The success of Russia's foreign policy towards the Arabian monarchies of the Persian Gulf in general and Saudi Arabia in particular, as a major regional player, determines the status of the Russian Federation and its position in the Middle East. The shift in the focus of foreign policy towards Asia and the Middle East, caused by many factors (rivalry with the United States in the regional and global arenas, Western sanctions against Russia and, consequently, its desire to diversify its foreign policy ties and enter new sales markets) gives Russia the opportunity to play more a significant role in regional interaction and integration processes. That is why, along with its traditional Middle Eastern partners (Egypt, Syria, Iran, Jordan, Lebanon, Iraq, Algeria, Morocco, Tunisia), Russia is increasingly paying attention to the Gulf states, the most significant of which is Saudi Arabia. The author made an attempt to trace the dynamics of Russian-Saudi relations from the beginning of the 21st century to the present and highlight the key stages of interaction between the two countries, as well as assess the prospects for their further development.

Key words: Russia, Saudi Arabia, international relations, energy dialogue, «OPEC +», prospects for cooperation.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.69.12.025

I.S. VINOGRADOV Applicant for the degree of candidate of historical sciences, Moscow, Russia

TAJIKISTAN AND CHINA. COOPERATION AT THE PRESENT STAGE

The article examines the relations between the PRC and the Republic of Tajikistan at the present stage. The article focuses on the establishment of a Tajik-Chinese economic partnership with some of its disadvantages for Tajikistan. The PRC has become the main investor in Tajikistan, is implementing a large number of projects, mainly in the mining industry, construction and modernization of infrastructure, and the energy sector. Tajikistan is a strategic partner of the PRC in the implementation of the Silk Road Economic Belt. The countries are actively cooperating in the field of security within the SCO and at the bilateral level. Cooperation in the humanitarian field, fields of education and science is deepening.

Key words: Tajikistan, China, cooperation, investment, security, SCO, Belt and Road.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.69.12.026

BARYA SOHRAB PhD student, MGIMO University, Afganistan

CONSEQUENCES OF US POLICY IN AFGHANISTAN AND PROSPECTS FOR FURTHER DEVELOPMENT OF THE COUNTRY

The article examines the results and possible consequences of the actions of the United States in Afghanistan in recent years. The collapse of the policy pursued by the American government in relation to the Taliban movement and the official authorities of the country is proved.

The author analyzes the interests and global goals of the largest political players in South and Central Asia in relation to Afghanistan. The article provides an assessment of the country's development prospects in the medium and short term, taking into account the withdrawal of the US military contingent.

Key words: Afghanistan, US policy in Afghanistan, South Asia, balance of power, regional security.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.69.12.027

K.O. GALKIN Student of the Moscow State Institute of International Relations (University) of the Russian Ministry of Foreign Affair, Moscow, Russia

THE ORIGIN OF THE PHENOMENON OF AMERICAN-ISRAELI STRATEGIC PARTNERSHIP IN THE 50-60S

The article analyzes American-Israeli relations in the 50-60s of the XX century. For the first time, the author tries to consider comprehensively the relationship between the United States and Israel through the prism of the concept of strategic partnership. Special attention is paid to the theoretical consideration of the term "strategic partnership", which is crucially important in the context of understanding the fundamental features of relations between these countries.

Key words: Strategic Partnership, Middle East, American-Israeli relations, International Relations in the Middle East, US Foreign Policy.

• Print
• Email

Scientific Journal “Issues of National and Federative Relations”. Volume 10. Issue 11 (68), 2020

CONTENTS

DOMESTIC HISTORY, ETHNOLOGY AND ETHNOGRAPHY

• Baranov V.P., Klimov A.A. The Historical Experience of Use NKVD Troops of the USSR in the Battle for the Caucasus During the Great Patriotic War
• Ryazantsev S.V., Ruban L.S. Forced Migration of the Population after the October Revolution of 1917 and During the Existance of the USSR
• Syzdykova Zh.S., Fateev A.V. Dynamics of Kazakhstan's Demographic Policy
• Baranov V.P., Chentsov A.S. Operational Activities of the NKVD Troops of the USSR to Combat Banditry in the North Caucasus in 1934-1941
• Kitova L.Yu. Archaeological Science and Historical Education in Siberia at the Turn of Epochs
• Ushmaeva K.A., Goncharov A.S. Social Stereotypes about the Cossacks in Soviet Films 1970-1980
• Guseynov Yu.M. Sharia Norms in Funeral Rites of Kumyks in the Second Half of the XX Century
• Dorosheva O.A., Potapova A.N. School Education in the Southern Urals During the Great Patriotic War (1941-1945)
• Antonova E.G. Organization and Management of Music Professional Education in the Polga Region Before 1917
• Amochaev P.A. Organization of Labor in the Saint-Petersburg Arsenal at the Early Period of its Operation
• Antonova E.G., Safiullina G.R. Pre-Revolutionary Public Education in Russia: Formation and Development (on the Materials of the Simbir Province)
• Safiullina G.R. Features and Problems in Creating a Public Education System (on the Materials of the Ulyanovsk Region)

THEORY, PHILOSOPHY AND HISTORY OF POLITICS

• Boltenkova L.F. The Bible as a Source of Law (Part Two)

POLITICAL REGIONALISM AND ETHNOPOLITICS

• Gudimenko D.V. The Janus-Faced Nationalism in Belarus
• Guazaa L.V. Main Concepts of the "Russian National State" in Modern Russia

POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES

• Proncheva N.G., Pronchev G.B., Kalinich V.S. Features of Migration Processes and Migration Policy in Russia in 2020
• Ilin I.S. Separate Aspects of Cooperation of Russian Power Structures with ROC MP
• Karlakov V.S. Comparison of Political and Institutional Changes in Russia in the 1990s and Early 2000s: Common and Distinctive Features

POLITICAL PROBLEMS OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS, GLOBAL AND REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT

• Kuleshova N.S., Gao Dai. Features of Anti-Corruption Approaches of New Media in the Context of the Epidemic (on the Example of China)
• Shtanko M.A., Tazheva Z.B. The Specifics of the Modern National Policy of China
• Pavlova D.V. The Film Industry as a Tool of the Country’s Image in the Context of Globalization

STUDENT SCIENCE

• Grishin V.O. Railway Passenger Transport of the Moscow Region: Research in the Socio-Political Projection

Our authors № 11-2020

DOMESTIC HISTORY, ETHNOLOGY AND ETHNOGRAPHY

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.68.11.001

V.P. BARANOV Doctor of historical Sciences, Professor, member of the Union of writers of Russia, full member of the Academy of military Sciences, inspector General of the office of General inspectors of the Ministry of defense of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

A.A. KLIMOV Doctor of historical Sciences, associate Professor, member of the Union of writers of Russia, full member of the Academy of military Sciences, head of the scientific Department (military historical work) Scientific center for strategic research of the Federal service of the national guard of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

THE HISTORICAL EXPERIENCE OF USE NKVD TROOPS OF THE USSR IN THE BATTLE FOR THE CAUCASUS DURING THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR

The article discusses the features of the use of NKVD personnel in the defense of the Caucasus during the great Patriotic war. Examples of courage and heroism of the NKVD troops in the performance of military duty are shown.

Key words: NKVD troops, defense of the Caucasus, German-fascist troops, Red army, hard fighting, courage and heroism.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.68.11.002

S.V. RYAZANTSEV Corresponding member of the RAS, Doctor of Economics, Professor, Director of the Institute for Demographic Research FSRSC of the RAS, Head of the Department of Demographic and Migration Policy of the MGIMO University of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia, Moscow, Russia

L.S. RUBAN Doctor of Science (Sociology), Professor, Head of the Department of Research of International Cooperation Issues Institute of the Socio-Political Researches FSRSC RAS, Moscow, Russia

FORCED MIGRATION OF THE POPULATION AFTER THE OCTOBER REVOLUTION OF 1917 AND DURING THE EXISTANCE OF THE USSR

The authors analyze population migrations in the post-October period in Soviet Russia/USSR: forced (emigration, spontaneous migrations during the famine in 1922, 1932-1933, and 1947, caused by both subjective factors: miscalculations in economic policy, and objective: droughts and crop failures, typhoid and cholera epidemics, consequences and devastation after the civil war and the second world war; evacuations during the great Patriotic war) and forced (exile to Gulag camps and special camps). settlements of "class-alien elements" and other segments of the population – especially large-scale during the Great terror and collectivization; deportations of peoples before, during and after the great Patriotic war). Shows the political and economic rationale behind these forced migrations: the elimination of class enemies and class-alien elements, providing employment resources Grand socialist construction and other economic projects, in particular, nuclear and other hazardous industries, the development of remote and polar areas or other areas with severe climate or unfit for human habitation, but rich in minerals needed for the country. It is shown as with the introduction in 1932. passports that were abolished after 1917, and the system of registration was carried out universal control over the movement of all segments of the population throughout the territory of the USSR, since every citizen arriving in any city or locality had to register at a new address and get a stamp in the passport. This system made it difficult to move around the country. In particular, the collective farm peasantry, who did not have passports in their hands, were fixed on the ground.

Key words: forced migration, GULag, labor migration, exile, deportations.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.68.11.003

ZH.S. SYZDYKOVA Doctor of History, Professor, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Institute of Asian and African Studies, Moscow, Russia

A.V. FATEEV History teacher SEI School No. 507, Moscow, Russia

DYNAMICS OF KAZAKHSTAN'S DEMOGRAPHIC POLICY

This article is devoted to one of the most pressing problems of modern Kazakhstan, the demographic problem, migration and emigration issues. It is emphasized that the state is taking measures to solve the problems of demography at the highest level. The dynamics of the development of the demographic situation is determined, taking into account the indicators, starting from the 1990s. Attention is drawn to the fact that since 2015 the number of emigrants has been growing again, mainly highly qualified specialists and young people leave. Countries such as Russia, Germany, and the USA are in the top three where young people go, although in recent years the flow of emigrants to the Russian Federation has been increasing.

Key words: Kazakhstan, demography, youth, migration, emigration.

V.P. BARANOV Doctor of historical Sciences, Professor, member of the Union of writers of Russia, full member of the Academy of military Sciences, inspector General оf the office of General inspectors of the Ministry of defense of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

A.S. CHENTSOV Candidate of Historical Sciences, Senior Researcher, Research Center (Fundamental Military-Historical Problems), Military University of the Ministry of Defense of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

OPERATIONAL ACTIVITIES OF THE NKVD TROOPS OF THE USSR TO COMBAT BANDITRY IN THE NORTH CAUCASUS IN 1934-1941

The article is devoted to the consideration of an insufficiently studied issue in Russian historiography – the spread of banditry in the North Caucasus in 1934-1941 and the struggle against it by the troops of the NKVD of the USSR. The relevance of the article is due to the insufficient attention of researchers to this period, which does not fully explain the widespread spread of banditry on the territory of individual republics of the North Caucasus with the beginning of the Great Patriotic War. On the basis of archival documents, the authors made an attempt to show the reasons for the spread of banditry in 1934-1941 in the mountainous regions of the North Caucasus, as well as the peculiarities of the actions of the NKVD troops of the USSR in the fight against this phenomenon.

Key words: North Caucasus, the troops of the NKVD of the USSR, the fight against banditry.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.68.11.005

L.YU. KITOVA Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor of the Department of Archaeology, Kemerovo State University, Kemerovo, Russia

ARCHAEOLOGICAL SCIENCE AND HISTORICAL EDUCATION IN SIBERIA AT THE TURN OF EPOCHS

The subject of the research is archaeological science and historical education in Siberia in the late XIX century-the first third of the XX century. The article is aimed at analyzing the development of Siberian archeology and the system of historical education at the turn of the epoch, when top-level experts withdrawn by A. V. Kolchak from Kazan and Perm universities first appear in the region. The paper is based on a significant body of documents from central and regional archives, most of which are introduced into scientific circulation for the first time. The author employs historical-systematic method, which made it possible to identify the reasons for boosting archaeological activity in Siberia in 1918-1926, to restore the integral picture of its development. Particular attention is paid to identifying the peculiarities of developing the system for training researchers of antiquities in Tomsk and Irkutsk universities. The results of the research can be used in works on the history of the Humanities education system in Siberia, the history of archaeological research, and historiographical publications.

Key words: training of historians, University education, history of archaeological and ethnographic science, scientific school.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.68.11.006

K.A. USHMAEVA Candidate of Historical Sciences, professor, Stavropol State Pedagogical Institute, Stavropol, Russia

A.S. GONCHAROV Bachelor, Stavropol State Pedagogical Institute, Stavropol, Russia

SOCIAL STEREOTYPES ABOUT THE COSSACKS IN SOVIET FILMS 1970-1980

This article is devoted to the study of historical and social stereotypes about the Russian Cossacks. In the course of the study, we analyze the nature and structure of the social stereotype, as well as directly historical stereotypes about the Cossacks, entrenched in the Soviet consciousness. Taking the most stable historical stereotypes as a basis, we strive to show the essence of the Cossacks and Cossack culture, which were recreated with the help of vivid images necessary for a simplified representation of the Cossack in historical and sociological terms. A number of Soviet researchers had already studied historical stereotypes about the Cossacks, but the main discourse was directed first at the formation of a negative image of the Cossack, and then, in the mid-1980s. – to popularize it. At the same time, modern research lacks the search for interrelationships of historical stereotypes about the Cossacks, developed in different historical periods, under the influence of various social norms and attitudes. In the course of the study, we analyze the features of historical stereotypes about the Cossacks, as well as how these stereotypes were perceived by Soviet and Russian society.

Key words: stereotype, collective consciousness, Cossack culture, Cossack army, historical reality, cultural universals, idealization.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.68.11.007

YU.M. GUSEYNOV Candidate of historical sciences, associate professor humanitarian of disciplines of the Dagestan state university of the national economy, Makhachkala, Russia

SHARIA NORMS IN FUNERAL RITES OF KUMYKS IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE XX CENTURY

The article considers the problem of the influence of Adat and Sharia on funeral and memorial rites in the second half of the XX century on the basis of special historical literature, archival materials, and field ethnographic material. The author rightly notes that the Kumyks during this period quite clearly manifested the norms of Adat and Sharia. Kumyks performed funeral and memorial rites in accordance with the norms of Islam. According to Sharia, Kumyks read prayers over the deceased, visited the cemetery for 52 days, and invited relatives and friends of the deceased to the taziyat (funeral meeting in the courtyard of the deceased).

Key words: Kumyks, Adats, Sharia, uzden, taziyat, clergy, Islam.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.68.11.008

О.А. DOROSHEVA Candidate of Sciences (history), Associate Professor at the Chair of history of the fatherland, Orenburg State Medical University, Orenburg, Russia

А.N. POTAPOVA Candidate of Sciences (history), Associate Professor at the Chair of history of the fatherland, Orenburg State Medical University, Orenburg, Russia

SCHOOL EDUCATION IN THE SOUTHERN URALS DURING THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR (1941-1945)

The article deals with the functioning of the school system in the Southern Urals during the Great Patriotic War. The difficulties of material and technical supply of schools in the region, forms and methods of maintaining the student population, and the availability of teaching staff were studied.

Goal. The purpose of the article is to study the problems of organizing school education in the Southern Urals during the Great Patriotic War.

Methods. The methodology is based on the principles of historicism, scientific objectivity, as well as statistical and problem-chronological methods.

Results. The results of the study showed that during the War years, the law on universal compulsory education of children continued to be implemented. Schools in the region have not lost their general education character. The activities of the government and local public education bodies have allowed us to maintain the number of students and improve the educational level of teachers.

Conclusions. The War raised many difficult questions for the school to further improve its upbringing, education and training. These issues, especially in the field of labor, moral, and Patriotic education of children, remain acute and relevant today.

Key words: The Great Patriotic War, general education, material support of schools, public education, teaching staff, student body, school.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.68.11.009

E.G. ANTONOVA Postgraduate student of the Ulyanovsk State pedagogical university them. I.N. Ulyanov, Ulyanovsk, Russia

ORGANIZATION AND MANAGEMENT OF MUSIC PROFESSIONAL EDUCATION IN THE POLGA REGION BEFORE 1917

The article analyzes the features of diversification of musical vocational education in the Volga region at the beginning of the XX century and emphasizes the importance of using historical experience to improve the domestic system of training music specialists at the present stage. The author considers in a complex, the organization and management of musical professional education in Russia until 1917, which was carried out by the Directorate of the Imperial Russian Musical Society (IRMO). With the support of which, from the second half of the XIX century, music classes, music schools and conservatories were opened in large and medium-sized cities. In the conservatory cities, there was a three-stage training system. In cities where there was a music school, there is a two-stage system. In some cities, there were only music classes, thus musical vocational education in these territories was limited to the initial stage. The author, based on an extensive historiographic review and on materials from the State Archives of the Saratov Region. – F. 1221 and the State Archives of the Ulyanovsk Region. – F. 76, made the conclusion that the development of musical professional education in the Volga region at the beginning of the 20th century was associated with the emergence of a three-level system of specialist training (school – college – university), which was facilitated by the active work of the Directorate of the Imperial Russian Musical Society and a high level of professional training of teachers music educational institutions (many were graduates of leading foreign and domestic conservatories). As a result, the principle of continuity was implemented in the process of training students, and the high quality of graduates was ensured.

Key words: history, diversification of education, the system of musical vocational education in the Volga region, legislation on education.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.68.11.010

P.A. AMOCHAEV Teacher, St. Petersburg Academy of Urban management, planning and printing, St. Petersburg, Russia

ORGANIZATION OF LABOR IN THE SAINT-PETERSBURG ARSENAL AT THE EARLY PERIOD OF ITS OPERATION

Arsenal is one of the oldest enterprises in Saint Petersburg. Its employees formed an important part of the city's population in its early period. The way of life of these people, in many respects, was determined by the way of organization of their work. Remaining a feudal enterprise, the Arsenal was initially created in accordance with the latest achievements of Russian industry, so early capitalist features began to appear in its structure. One of these features was the developed division of labor. Based on archival sources and the works of previous researchers, the author tries to show the role of the division of labor in the development of the Russian military industry. The author pays special attention to the qualification division of labor in the Arsenal, which was previously poorly revealed in the national historical literature.

Key words: labor organization, qualification division of labor, military industry, Arsenal, artillery of Peter I, artisans, workshops, craftsmen, foremen.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.68.11.011

E.G. ANTONOVA Postgraduate student of the Ulyanovsk State pedagogical university them. I.N. Ulyanov, Ulyanovsk, Russia

G.R. SAFIULLINA Postgraduate student of the Ulyanovsk State pedagogical university them. I.N. Ulyanov, Ulyanovsk, Russia

PRE-REVOLUTIONARY PUBLIC EDUCATION IN RUSSIA: FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT (ON THE MATERIALS OF THE SIMBIR PROVINCE)

The article attempts to examine the formation of the public education system in the Simbirsk governorship by the decree of Catherine II of September 22, 1786. The Middle Volga region was a unique territory, historically formed from separate regions, very diverse in terms of national, ethnic and religious characteristics, lifestyle of the population, and the level of cultural and economic development. But, despite all these features, this territory was part of the Russian Empire, and here the characteristic features of educational policy were fully manifested. Our country has accumulated a certain experience in reforming the education system, the origins of which go back to the second half of the 19th century. Public education during this period was accessible, and therefore the most massive type of education among the peoples of Russia as a whole, and among the peoples of the Middle Volga region. The authors analyze the formation of teachers in rural areas, and also consider in detail the first Russian school for the training of rural teachers, opened by N.N. Popova in Staraya Maina.

The scientific interest is explained by the fact that it was a period of reform, when Russia first made an attempt to solve numerous problems of society in a civilized way; at this time, Russia became a gigantic Eurasian state, including numerous national regions. On the basis of historiographic and source analysis, the authors concluded that the school reform of Catherine II, not supported by financial injections, to a greater extent remained on paper than it was embodied in real life, and did not achieve the goal of educating youth. Russian Empire in "unshakable loyalty to the Tsar and true love for their fatherland and their fellow citizens."

Key words: public education, children, Simbirsk, Staraya Maina, Cherdakly, school, teacher, zemstvo, Stavropol district, Samara.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.68.11.012

G.R. SAFIULLINA Postgraduate student of the Ulyanovsk State pedagogical university them. I.N. Ulyanov, Ulyanovsk, Russia

FEATURES AND PROBLEMS IN CREATING A PUBLIC EDUCATION SYSTEM (ON THE MATERIALS OF THE ULYANOVSK REGION)

This article examines Soviet education in the 1920-1960s. Most of the population of the USSR was illiterate, so the main goal of public education workers of this period was to intensify the struggle to improve the academic performance and discipline of students. To ensure that every graduate of the Soviet school is distinguished by high ideology, culture, initiative and perseverance in the struggle for the new and progressive. During the period under review, the school became not only a place of education and literacy, but everywhere, especially in rural areas, a center for educating young people from 7 to 17 years old. In addition, young people aged 18 and above were engaged in the evening shift. Therefore, the Communist Party and the government of the USSR attached special importance to the implementation of the reform of public education. Therefore, it seems relevant to study the Soviet experience of the functioning of the education system is important. The authors based on the analysis of archival sources of the State Archive of Contemporary History of the Ulyanovsk Region (fund 8 – Department of Public Education), as well as materials of the historiographic analysis of such authors as N.V. Zabalukhina, A.G. Pashkin, R.A. Mukhamedov, etc. which considered the main directions of the work of the party-state bodies of the Ulyanovsk region on the modernization of the educational system and the dynamics of the number of educational institutions and students. In conclusion, it was concluded that the party authorities in the Ulyanovsk region and the teaching staff of the Regional Department of Public Education, the District Department of People's education and schools were able to lay a solid foundation for the further development of the education system.

Key words: illiteracy, illiteracy, school, teacher, students, extracurricular activities, extracurricular activities, circle work, OblONO, statistic department, amateur performances.

THEORY, PHILOSOPHY AND HISTORY OF POLITICS

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.68.11.013

L.F. BOLTENKOVA Doctor of Sciences (law), Professor, Moscow, Russia

THE BIBLE AS A SOURCE OF LAW

(PART TWO)

Based on the second part of Article 67 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation, the author sets the task to show the convergence in the legal systems of the world divine and human principles, while keeping in mind that the beginning of a positive (human, artificial) rights was embedded in the theological stage of civilization. The implementation of this task requires an analysis of various legal concepts in their historical development; the content of the Bible in the context of the norms of human behavior, rules of life (commandments, parables of Jesus Christ, recommendations of the Holy Apostles); regulatory documents of various countries, including Russia, in their historical development.

The article is divided into several parts based on the volume of its content.

Key words: God, divine law, natural law, positive law, Bible, Commandments, philosophers, scientists, lawyers, normative documents, legal concepts.

POLITICAL REGIONALISM AND ETHNOPOLITICS

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.68.11.014

D.V. GUDIMENKO Candidate of Sciences (history), senior researcher of the Sector of political theory, IMEMO RAS, Moscow, Russia

THE JANUS-FACED NATIONALISM IN BELARUS

The article examines the Belarusian nationalism as a compound phenomenon. Two facets of it are distinguished – the ideology of Belarusian opposition and the ideology of Lukashenko’s regime. It is noticed, that russophobia in Belarus becomes more and more visible trend of political life; moreover it gets no counteraction from the authorities, but it also takes their tacit support. It is happening within the framework of the so-called «Belarusization», which is accompanied by the renaming of toponyms and the coercion to the usage of the Belarusian language in the education system and office work.

Key words: Belarus, Belarusian opposition, BNF, litvinism, Lukashenko, nationalism, russophobia.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.68.11.015

L.V. GUAZAA Post-graduate student of the Department of State and municipal service of Russian Academy of national economy and public administration under the President of Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

MAIN CONCEPTS OF THE "RUSSIAN NATIONAL STATE" IN MODERN RUSSIA

The article analyzes the problem of understanding the concept of "national state", the problem of defining its basic characteristic as a universal category; to survey the historical shaping and development of the theories / concepts of different types of nation-States in the world and analyzes the historical formation of the liberal democratic nation-state in post-Soviet Russia; it examines the basic concepts (theory) formation of the national state, known in international political science and analyzes the basic modern concepts of nation state in Russia in the context of modern Russian national policy.

Key words: concept, idea, theory, nation-state, monarchy, republic, liberalism, russian nation, national culture, russian nation-state.

POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.68.11.016

N.G. PRONCHEVA Candidate of Physics and Mathematics, Associate Professor, Senior Research Scientist of Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics of Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

G.B. PRONCHEV Candidate of Physics and Mathematics, Associate Professor; Associate Professor of the Department of Sociological Research Methodology at the Faculty of Sociology of Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

V.S. KALINICH Senior Lecturer of the Department of Modern Sociology at the Faculty of Sociology of Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

FEATURES OF MIGRATION PROCESSES AND MIGRATION POLICY IN RUSSIA IN 2020

The article is devoted to problems related to migration processes in Russia. The migration policy of the Russian Federation is discussed. The article analyzes the features of migration processes in Russia during the crisis caused by the SARS-CoV-2 epidemic. Endeavor taken by Russia to normalize migration processes in 2020 are being discussed. The article is of interest to specialists dealing with migration issues and the implementation of migration policy in the Russian Federation.

Key words: migration processes, migration policy, SARS-CoV-2, self-isolation, consequences of the pandemic.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.68.11.017

I.S. ILIN Post-graduate student of the Department of History of Social Movements and Political Parties, Faculty of History, Moscow State University Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia

SEPARATE ASPECTS OF COOPERATION OF RUSSIAN POWER STRUCTURES WITH ROC MP

The article considers the issue of cooperation between the power structures of the Russian Federation and the ROC MP. The main normative legal acts that regulate cooperation with law enforcement agencies are indicated. Provides a historical background of the cooperation of the Russian Orthodox Church with the security forces. The article analyzes the interaction of the Russian Orthodox Church with the Ministry of Defense in terms of creating the institution of military clergy in the Armed Forces of Russia and the participation of clergymen in educational work among military personnel. It also provides examples of the cooperation of the ROC with other law enforcement agencies, such as the Ministry of Internal Affairs and the Ministry of Emergencies. FSIN. Particular attention is paid to the interaction of the Russian Orthodox Church and the Federal Penitentiary Service regarding the work of clergymen with prisoners in prisons and their subsequent rehabilitation. The main trends in the further development of relations between the security forces and the Russian Orthodox Church are highlighted in connection with the common interest of the parties in cooperation.

Key words: state, power, religion, society, ROC.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.68.11.018

V.S. KARLAKOV Postgraduate student, Faculty of Social Sciences and Mass Communication, Financial University, Moscow, Russia

COMPARISON OF POLITICAL AND INSTITUTIONAL CHANGES IN RUSSIA IN THE 1990S AND EARLY 2000S: COMMON AND DISTINCTIVE FEATURES

The article examines the specific features of political institutionalization in Russia in the post-Soviet period and early 2000s. Based on the study the author compares certain political and institutional changes in these periods. The article identifies the goals, objectives, directions of institutional reforms in the 1990-2000s. The author substantiates the reasons for the similarities and differences of institutional changes in their format and implementation. In particular, different goals and methods of forming the "executive vertical" under B. Yeltsin and V. Putin. Despite the difference in the vectors of political and economic reforms, the author notes the similarity of some institutional changes in Russia in the 1990s and early 2000s.

Key words: political institutions, "verticalization of power", institutional architecture, political and institutional changes.

POLITICAL PROBLEMS OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS, GLOBAL AND REGIONAL DEVELOPMENT

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.68.11.019

N.S. KULESHOVA Professor of the Department of Political Science of the East of the Institute of Asia and Africa, Moscow State University Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia

GAO DAI Graduate student of Department of Political Science of the East of the Institute of Asia and Africa, Moscow State University Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia

FEATURES OF ANTI-CORRUPTION APPROACHES OF NEW MEDIA IN THE CONTEXT OF THE EPIDEMIC (ON THE EXAMPLE OF CHINA)

Corruption is a global problem of our time with national specifics. The subject of our research is the activity of the Chinese media as a political tool for anti-corruption counteraction. The goal is to identify the features of functioning in the context of a pandemic. The study of this problem is of great theoretical importance in political knowledge and undoubted practical interest from the point of view of international experience, the opportunity to use the experience of China in combating corruption can have a positive dynamics for the development of other States.

Key words: mass media, new media, information technologies, corruption, anti-corruption policy, counteraction, political process, anti-corruption measures, political task.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.68.11.020

M.A. SHTANKO Candidate of philosophical sciences, associate professor, Department of Humanities, Taganrog Institute of Management and Economics, Taganrog, Russia

Z.B. TAZHEVA Graduate student, Department of the Russian language number 1, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia

THE SPECIFICS OF THE MODERN NATIONAL POLICY OF CHINA

The purpose of this article is to determine the specifics of the national policy of modern China in the context of its reflection in the image of this state. To achieve this goal, the author formulated and completed a number of tasks, which include: analysis of scientific papers on the stated topic, highlighting specific features that make up the content of national policy, characterizing these features in the image of modern China, and, finally, determining the relationship of the selected characteristics with the historical, economic and political state of modern China.

When solving the set tasks, a comparative method with elements of historicism was applied, which made it possible to correlate the features of the modern national policy of the PRC with its traditional content. To analyze the content of the national policy in the context of its reflection in the image of the modern PRC, structural and functional analysis and the method of constructivism were used.

This article formulates a number of provisions of the modern national policy of the PRC, which include: regulation of interethnic internal political relations, the interdependence between the content of the national policy of China and the plan of the country's leadership "The Chinese Dream of the Great Revival of the Chinese Nation" and highlighting the need to address the problems of small peoples.

Key words: national policy, China, national situation, small peoples.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.68.11.021

D.V. PAVLOVA Рostgraduate student at the Chair of global social processes and youth work, Faculty of global processes, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

THE FILM INDUSTRY AS A TOOL OF THE COUNTRY’S IMAGE IN THE CONTEXT OF GLOBALIZATION

The article deals with the issue of how important the modern film industry is in creating a country's international image. Specific features of how the United States and China use cinema as a foreign policy tool are considered. The paper analyses the methods used by these countries, which have made their film industries so successful. The material received allows us to identify the ways of improving the Russian national system of film production in order to make it more competitive in the global market. These improvements provide grounds for developing the soft power of the russian cinema.

Key words: soft power, cinema, globalization, culture, influence, foreign policy.

STUDENT SCIENCE

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2020.68.11.022

V.O. GRISHIN Student of the Faculty of History, Political Science and Law, Moscow region state university, Moscow, Russia

RAILWAY PASSENGER TRANSPORT OF THE MOSCOW REGION: RESEARCH IN THE SOCIO-POLITICAL PROJECTION

The article presents the author's study of railway passenger transport between the Moscow-city – Moscow region (Moscow railway junction) in a socio-political projection and its author's interpretation. The time and social factors suggested by the respondents in the context of research tasks are presented. The focus is on the youth. The disadvantages of railway passenger transport by the communication of the Moscow region are shown. Recommendations are proposed in the context of socio-political design to improve the development of the railway complex of the Moscow region.

Key words: Moscow region, political science, socio-political design, railway complex, transport systems.