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OUR AUTHORS

ABDULAZIZOV K.M. – Graduate student, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.

ALIEVA L.V. – Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of National and Universal History, Pskov State University, Pskov, Russia.

BELFEKIF DHUKHA – Postgraduate student of the Department of Theory and History International Relations of the Russian University friendship of peoples, Moscow, Russia.

BOGDAN N.N. – Candidate of Sociological Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department personnel management of the Siberian Institute of Management Russian Academy of National Economy and State service under the President of the Russian Federation, Novosibirsk, Russia.

BOLTENKOVA L.F. – Doctor of Sciences (law), Professor, Moscow, Russia.

BONDAR N.A. – Master of regional studies, the Bonch-Bruevich St. Petersburg State University of Telecommunications, Saint-Petersburg, Russia.

BOYKO N.S. – Candidate of Law, Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor, Department of Law, Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University, Ulyanovsk, Russia.

CHEN ZIHAO – Postgraduate, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.

CHEREVKO A.V. – Graduate student, Department of History, Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University, Ulyanovsk, Russia.

CHERNOVA A.S. – Magister of the Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering USPTU, Sterlitamak, Russia.

ESKIRKHANOV O.KH. – Local historian, specialist in labor protection of the Naursky State College, Kalinovskaya station, Chechen Republic, Russia.

EZHOV I.M. – Postgraduate student of the Department of Theory and History International Relations of the Russian University friendship of peoples, Moscow, Russia.

GALEEVA N.F. – Post-graduate student of the Institute of Ethnological Research named after A.I. R.G. Kuzeev Ufa Federal Research Center RAS, Ufa, Russia.

GEKHT A.B. – PhD in history, docent, Head of the department of history and regional studies, the Bonch-Bruevich St. Petersburg State University of Telecommunications, Saint-Petersburg, Russia.

GOLENKO V.V. – Archimandrite Athanasius (Golenko) Sergiev Posad, Moscow region, Russia.

GONCHAROV A.S. – Bachelor, Stavropol State Pedagogical Institute, Stavropol, Russia.

GRIGORIEV M.S. – Candidate of political sciences, professor, Russian State University for the Humanities, Moscow, Russia.

GRISHNEVSKAYA L.S. – Applicant for the department domestic history, Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University I.N. Ulyanova, Ulyanovsk, Russia.

GROMOV V.V. – Postgraduate student of the Department of Political Science and Political Management, RANEPA under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.

HUO DONG – Postgraduate Student, Department of Comparative Political Science, Faculty of Political Science, Moscow State University M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia.

IVLEV D.S. – Master of regional studies, the Bonch-Bruevich St. Petersburg State University of Telecommunications, Saint-Petersburg, Russia.

KALAKUTSKII A.V. – Graduate student, Samara National Research University named after academician S.P. Korolev, Samara University, Samara, Russia.

KALININA E.V. – Candidate of Historical Sciences, Stavropol State Pedagogical Institute, Stavropol, Russia.

KHANALIEV N.U. – Doctor of Political Sciences, Advisor to the Department for New Challenges and Threats of the Russian Foreign Ministry, Moscow, Russia.

KHANALIEVA D.U. – Candidate of Psychological Sciences, Moscow, Russia.

KLYUEV N.V. – Student at the Ishim Pedagogical Institute named after P.P. Ershov (branch) Tyumen State University, Ishim, Russia.

KRAVETS P.S. – Student of the Moscow State technical university. N.E. Bauman, Moscow, Russia.

KULIKOV D.A. – PhD student, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia.

KULIKOVA D.V. – Graduate student, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Global Processes, Moscow, Russia.

KULISH A.S. – Researcher at the Scientific Center for Arctic Studies, Salekhard, Russia.

LATYPOVA E.R. – Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Institute of Chemical Technologies and Engineering USPTU, Sterlitamak, Russia.

LENKOV D.A. – Consultant of the Department of Interaction with Public Organizations of the Department of Physical Culture and Mass Sports Ministry of Sports of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.

LYUBIMOV A.A. – Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of History, Socio-Economic and Social Disciplines, P.P. Ershov Ishim Pedagogical Institute (branch) Tyumen State University, Ishim, Russia.

MALYAVINA G.I. – Candidate of Historical Sciences, Stavropol State Pedagogical Institute, Stavropol, Russia.

MANOILOVA M.A. – Doctor of Psychology, Associate Professor of the Department of Philosophy and Theology, Pskov State University, Pskov, Russia.

MAO SHUO – Postgraduate, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.

MEDVEDEV N.P. – Doctor of political sciences, professor, editor-in-chief of the publishing house "Nauka Segodnya", Moscow, Russia.

NAZIRMADOV A.B. – Master's degree graduate, Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia, Moscow, Russia.

OMETYUKH M.N. – Postgraduate Student, Department of Modern and Contemporary History and methodology of the Moscow State Regional university; history teacher MBOU secondary school No. 10 them. A.K. Astrakhov, Mytishchi, Moscow region, Russia.

PARAKHIN A.S. – Postgraduate student, Samara National Research University named after Academician S.P. Korolev, Samara, Russia.

PAVSHUKOVА A.YU. – Postgraduate student, Saint Petersburg State University International relations and world politics, Moscow, Russia.

POTAPENKO T.G. – PhD in history, docent of the department of history and regional studies, the Bonch-Bruevich St. Petersburg State University of Telecommunications, Saint-Petersburg, Russia.

POTAPOV D.V. – Postgraduate student of the Institute of Social and Political Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.

QIU SHUANGSHUANG – Master student of the Department of Theory and History of International Relations, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia.

RAKHIMOV K.KH. – Candidate of Historical Sciences, Senior Lecturer, Department of Theory and History of International Relations, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Head of the Central Asia Sector of the Center for Studies of Post-Soviet Countries, Moscow, Russia.

SHAVLAEVA T.M. – Doctor of Historical Sciences, Chief Researcher of the Department of Ethnology of the Institute of Humanitarian Studies of the Academy of Sciences of the Chechen Republic, Grozny, Chechen Republic, Russia.

SHESTAKOV I.A. – Master student of the Siberian Institute of Management Russian Academy of National Economy and State service under the President of the Russian Federation, Krasnoyarsk, Russia.

SVETOCHEV A.A. – Graduate student of the Department of History Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University, Ulyanovsk, Russia.

TERESHCHENKO O.V. – Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor of Department of Socio-Economic and Humanitarian Disciplines, Stavropol branch of the Krasnodar University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Stavropol, Russia.

TSIGONYAEVA A.YU. – PhD in philosophy, docent of the department of history and regional studies, the Bonch-Bruevich St. Petersburg State University of Telecommunications, Saint-Petersburg, Russia.

UPOROV I.V. – Doctor of History, Ph.D., Professor, Krasnodar University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Krasnodar, Russia.

USHMAEVA K.A. – Doctor of Historical Sciences, associate professor, Professor of Department of Socio-Economic and Humanitarian Disciplines, Stavropol branch of the Krasnodar University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Stavropol, Russia.

VNUK V.K. – Candidate of Political Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Fundamental Legal and Social-Humanitarian Disciplines of Synergy University, Moscow, Russia.

VOLODKOVA E.N. – Candidate of Historical Sciences, Stavropol State Pedagogical Institute, Stavropol, Russia.

WANG JIANGUANG – Candidate of Historical Sciences, Institute of Demographic Research of the Federal Research Sociological Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia.

ZORKIN A.A. – Postgraduate student of the Department of Patriotic History of the Leningrad State University Pushkin, Nikolskoye, Russia.

ZUBAREV P.A. – Postgraduate student of the Institute of Social Sciences Russian Academy of National Economy and public service under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia.

ZVEREVA V.S. – Postgraduate student, Department of comparative politics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.

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Scientific Journal “Issues of National and Federative Relations”. Volume 13. Issue 2 (95), 2023

CONTENTS

NATIONAL HISTORY, ETHNOLOGY AND ETHNOGRAPHY

• Alieva L.V., Manoilova M.A. The Role of the Russian Orthodox Church in the Victory Over the Nazi Occupiers (Based on the Materials of the Pskov Region)
• Grigoriev M.S. Genocide in the Practice of Ukrainian Nationalism in the First Half of the XX Century (Part II)
• Boyko N.S., Cherevko A.V. Changes in Composition and New Trends in the Inner Life of Komsomol Organizations of the Middle Volga Region During the First Five-Year Plan of the Last Century
• Shavlaeva T.M., Eskirkhanov O.Kh. Archaeological Monument Near the Village of Kalinovskaya Chechen Republic (Based on the Materials of the Historical and Ethnographic Expedition of 2021-2022)
• Uporov I.V. Features of Terrorism (Terror) and Fighting it in the Russian Empire (Second Half of the XIX – Beginning of the XX Centuries)
• Wang Jianguang. Internal Migration in Russia as a Factor of Socio-Economic Inequality
• Klyuev N.V., Lyubimov A.A. Socio-Economic Life of the City of Ishim at the Beginning of the Great Patriotic War (June 1941 – November 1942)
• Golenko V.V. Transformation of Ideas in the Wooden Temple Architecture of Transcarpathia and the North of Russia
• Kalinina E.V., Volodkova E.N., Malyavina G.I., Goncharov A.S. Images of Internal Colonization in the Historical Representations System of the Don Diving Population
• Grishnevskaya L.S. Sociocultural Processes in Ulyanovsk Village in 1940-1953
• Zorkin A.A. Evaluation of Songs and Poems Composed about the Afghan War in 1979-1989
• Zubarev P.A. Fighting Epidemics in the Army of the White Movement and the RKKA During the Civil War in Russia
• Kulish A.S., Galeeva N.F. The Genus and Ancestral Relations of the Northern Selkups

HISTORY AND THEORY OF POLITICS

• Boltenkova L.F. Hymn to the Lord God (Philosophical and Religious Research in Several Articles). Article Fourteen
• Parakhin A.S. The Emergence of the Octobrist Party

POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES

• Khanaliev N.U., Hanalieva D.U. Critical Reflection and the Scale of Receptivity to Information, Taking Into Account the Ethnopsychological Characteristics of the Peoples of Russia
• Vnuk V.K. The Concept of Limited Sovereignty in the Modern World Political Process
• Abdulazizov K.M. Structure and Mechanisms of Functioning of the Modern Parliament in Azerbaijan
• Kalakutskii A.V. The Influence of the Information Support Technologies on the Russian Political Process
• Kulikova D.V. Comparison of the Anti-Corruption Legislation of the Republic of Korea and the Russian Federation
• Potapov D.V. Dialectics of Socio-Political Relations and Political Regimes in Russia
• Lenkov D.A. Political Innovations in the Context of the Actualization of the Problems of Civil Society in Modern Russia
• Gromov V.V. Youth Policy of the Modern State: Conditions for Political Participation of Young People

PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND SECTORAL POLICIES

• Shestakov I.A., Bogdan N.N. On the Problem of Developing the Human Resource Capacity of the Sphere of Culture of the Krasnoyarsk Region in the Context of the Implementation of the National Project "Culture"
• Kulikov D.A. Digital Cartels as a New Type of Cybercrime in Russian Antimonopoly Practice

HISTORY AND THEORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY

• Boyko N.S., Svetochev A.A. Development of Infrastructure Related to Aircraft Industry (Using the Example of CIS Countries)
• Tereshchenko O.V., Ushmaeva K.A., Goncharov A.S. From Democracy to Plutocracy. Principles of Authority Organization of «Dashing People» in the Era of the Wild Fields
• Latypova E.R., Chernova A.S. The Formation of Intercultural Communication Between Students in Russian Universities in the Conditions of Modern Education
• Bondar N.A., Gekht A.B., Ivlev D.S., Potapenko T.G., Tsigonyaeva A.Yu. EU and US Policy Towards Georgia: a Brief Overview
• Rakhimov K.Kh., Qiu Shuangshuang. Russian-Chinese Strategic Partnership in a Multipolar World: Military-Political and Economic Aspects
• Ezhov I.M., Belfekif Dhukha. France's Activities in UNESCO in the Focus of Membership in the International Organization of La Francophonie
• Zvereva V.S. Ensuring Political Stability in Venezuela and Nicaragua: National and International Aspects
• Chen Zihao, Mao Shuo. Reflections on the National Security Path with Chinese Characteristics
• Nazirmadov A.B. Features of Bilateral Relations Between the US and the UAE Under President J. Biden
• Pavshukovа A.Yu. Features of the Legal Regulation of the European Union in the Field of Combating the Terrorism Financing
• Huo Dong. The Impact of Modern Political Relations Between China and the Russian Federation on the Activities of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization
• Ometyukh M.N. The Image of Slobodan Milosevic as the Political Leader of Serbia and Yugoslavia in the American Newspapers the Washington Post and the New York Times. Part I

REFLECTIONS ON READING

• Medvedev N.P. Public Administration: Political and Legal Problems of Regional and Municipal Authorities (by the Materials of Publications in Scientific Journals)

STUDENT SCIENCE

• Kravets P.S. The Role of the Creative Intelligentia in Soviet Society in the 20-30s

Our authors № 2-2023

NATIONAL HISTORY, ETHNOLOGY AND ETHNOGRAPHY

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.2.001

L.V. ALIEVA Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of National and Universal History, Pskov State University, Pskov, Russia

M.A. MANOILOVA Doctor of Psychology, Associate Professor of the Department of Philosophy and Theology, Pskov State University, Pskov, Russia

THE ROLE OF THE RUSSIAN ORTHODOX CHURCH IN THE VICTORY OVER THE NAZI OCCUPIERS (BASED ON THE MATERIALS OF THE PSKOV REGION)

The article is aimed at understanding the role of the church in the life of the civilian population during the fascist occupation of the Pskov region. The relevance of the study is determined by the need to form a reliable history of the Russian Orthodox Church in the context of the history of the Great Patriotic War.

Based on the focus on considering the issue of the revival of Orthodox church life, the role of the Pskov Orthodox mission in the lives of people who were forced to find themselves in the territory occupied by the Nazis is defined as the subject of research. As an object – the space within the boundaries of the modern Pskov region. The boundaries of the study include the period of the Nazi occupation of the Pskov region in 1941-1944.

The research position of the authors is to recognize the beginning of the revival of Orthodox church life on the territory of the Pskov region during the occupation period (1941-1944) with the activities of the priesthood, including those from the Pskov Orthodox Mission, which provided spiritual support to the civilian population who found themselves in wartime conditions in enemy occupied territory.

Key words: Russian Orthodox Church, Great Patriotic War, Pskov region, occupation, church.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.2.002

M.S. GRIGORIEV Candidate of political sciences, professor Russian State University for the Humanities, Moscow, Russia

GENOCIDE IN THE PRACTICE OF UKRAINIAN NATIONALISM IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE XX CENTURY (PART II)

This article is a continuation of the author's article published in the previous issue of the journal. In the article the author continues to analyze the ideology of Ukrainian nationalism. He notes that since the beginning of the 20th century, Ukrainian nationalism has been built on the basis of ideas about the superiority of the “Ukrainian nation” and the need to organize ethnic cleansing of Jews, Poles, Russians and other peoples. Like fascism, or rather Nazism, the organization of genocide has become a practice of Ukrainian nationalism. The author describes cases of manifestations of genocide in the practice of Ukrainian nationalism.

Key words: genocide, nationalism, Ukrainian nationalism, ideology.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.2.003

N.S. BOYKO Candidate of Law, Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor, Department of Law, Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University, Ulyanovsk, Russia

A.V. CHEREVKO Graduate student, Department of History, Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University, Ulyanovsk, Russia

CHANGES IN COMPOSITION AND NEW TRENDS IN THE INNER LIFE OF KOMSOMOL ORGANIZATIONS OF THE MIDDLE VOLGA REGION DURING THE FIRST FIVE-YEAR PLAN OF THE LAST CENTURY

The article is devoted to the study of a specific post-war period of the USSR, when the country successfully healed the wounds of war. Historical analysis showed that the economy was strengthening, the life and cultural uroven of the people grew, the Communist Party was the conductor of Soviet people to new decisions in all industries, and the XIX Party Congress held in October 1952 approved the Directives for the Development of the National Economy for 1951-1955. The congress renamed the CPSU (b) to the Communist Party of the Soviet Union.

Key words: USSR, war, economy, life and cultural uroven, people, Communist Party, Soviet people, national economy, Komsomol.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.2.004

T.M. SHAVLAEVA Doctor of Historical Sciences, Chief Researcher of the Department of Ethnology of the Institute of Humanitarian Studies of the Academy of Sciences of the Chechen Republic, Grozny, Chechen Republic, Russia

O.KH. ESKIRKHANOV Local historian, specialist in labor protection of the Naursky State College, Kalinovskaya station, Chechen Republic, Russia

ARCHAEOLOGICAL MONUMENT NEAR THE VILLAGE OF KALINOVSKAYA CHECHEN REPUBLIC (BASED ON THE MATERIALS OF THE HISTORICAL AND ETHNOGRAPHIC EXPEDITION OF 2021-2022)

The article is written on the basis of the materials of the reconnaissance work carried out within the framework of the historical and ethnographic expedition of the Academy of Sciences of the Chechen Republic in 2021-2022 on the outskirts of the Kalinovskaya village of the Naursky district. As a result of the survey of the area, several stone objects were found, as well as many pottery items related by analogy to the period of the Middle Bronze and Late Bronze of the North Caucasian archaeological culture. A set of pottery and potsherds represent a sufficient assortment of dining room, kitchen and household utensils, in addition, there are other items (or fragments thereof) necessary in the producing economy. The collected material testifies to the existence of an early settlement in this area with an established economic structure. According to the expert, the ornament elements preserved on the fragments were characteristic of the ceramics of the steppe zone of our region.

Key words: Chechen Republic, Kalinovskoye settlement, Bronze Age, producing farm, grain grinder, ceramics, crucibles, spinning wheel.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.2.005

I.V. UPOROV Doctor of History, Ph.D., Professor, Krasnodar University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Krasnodar, Russia

FEATURES OF TERRORISM (TERROR) AND FIGHTING IT IN THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE (SECOND HALF OF THE XIX – BEGINNING OF THE XX CENTURIES)

A socially dangerous phenomenon called terrorism in its current sense has a relatively recent history. Just a century and a half ago, the terms “terror”, “terrorist”, “terrorist act” came into circulation in the Russian Empire, and then these criminal acts had a political background and theoretical justification associated with the understanding of terror as a means of changing the state order, and reflected the deepest contradictions in Russian society. The article discusses the features of terrorist manifestations in Russia in the second half of the 19th – early 20th centuries. and actions of the authorities to combat them.

Key words: terror, statesmen, revolutionary organizations, society, contradictions, assassination attempts.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.2.006

WANG JIANGUANG Candidate of Historical Sciences, Institute of Demographic Research of the Federal Research Sociological Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

INTERNAL MIGRATION IN RUSSIA AS A FACTOR OF SOCIO-ECONOMIC INEQUALITY

The article examines the impact of internal migration of the population of a number of regions of the Russian Federation on socio-economic inequality. The relevance of this topic is due to the growing scale of internal migration and the problem of socio-economic inequality in modern Russian society. The purpose of the study is to analyze the relationship between internal migration and socio-economic development of regions. The objectives of this study included consideration of the views of the scientific community on poverty, socio-economic inequality and migration; analysis of statistical information, including various indicators. The author used general scientific methods – analysis and synthesis of information; as well as a systematic approach. The analysis of statistical information carried out in the framework of the article led the author to the results indicating that the development of the region and migration activity are interrelated phenomena. That is why the loss of labor resources by a number of regions of the Russian Federation can be disastrous for the socio-economic state. The author comes to the conclusion that the overabundance of labor resources in some regions and their shortage in others push to solve the problem highlighted in the article – the scale of poverty and socio-economic inequality can be reduced using the tools of internal migration.

Key words: migration, poverty, socio-economic inequality, HDI, GRP, KMP.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.2.007

N.V. KLYUEV Student at the Ishim Pedagogical Institute named after P.P. Ershov (branch) Tyumen State University, Ishim, Russia

A.A. LYUBIMOV Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of History, Socio-Economic and Social Disciplines, P.P. Ershov Ishim Pedagogical Institute (branch) Tyumen State University, Ishim, Russia

SOCIO-ECONOMIC LIFE OF THE CITY OF ISHIM AT THE BEGINNING OF THE GREAT PATRIOTIC WAR (JUNE 1941 – NOVEMBER 1942)

This article highlights the features of the socio-economic life of the city of Ishim in the first years of the Great Patriotic War. The authors made an attempt, using archival materials, to establish the consequences of the influence of the first years of the war on the management system and the socio-economic sphere of the city. As part of the study, historical information about various aspects of the socio-economic life of Ishim during the Great Patriotic War was systematized, previously unpublished archival materials characterizing the industrial and social appearance of the city were introduced into scientific circulation.

The purpose of this study is to consider the socio-economic life of the city of Ishim at the beginning of the Great Patriotic War (June 1941 – November 1942). Because of this, the main research attention was focused on the activities of local governments, the characteristics of the state of industry and the social sphere of the city. The article actualizes the problems associated with the peculiarities of the city's management, the organization of labor activity and the daily life of its population, the state of industry during the beginning of the Great Patriotic War.

The authors of the article made a conclusion about the influence of socio-economic and psychological factors on changes in the life of G. Ishim. In the first case, it is the organization and restructuring of the local economy and social sphere in accordance with the needs of wartime. Secondly, these are the subjective qualities of the city's population: professionalism, courage, dedication, steadfastness of citizens, their confidence in winning the war with the enemy, which have strengthened the efficiency and mobilization mood of citizens in the process of their work at industrial enterprises, medical, educational organizations and institutions. The article focuses on serious changes in various spheres of life of the city of Ishim, which subsequently had a certain impact on its further development in the second half of the twentieth century.

Key words: Ishim, the Great Patriotic War, industry, social sphere, local self-government.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.2.008

V.V. GOLENKO Archimandrite Athanasius (Golenko) Sergiev Posad, Moscow region, Russia

TRANSFORMATION OF IDEAS IN THE WOODEN TEMPLE ARCHITECTURE OF TRANSCARPATHIA AND THE NORTH OF RUSSIA

The paper examines the issue of wooden cult architecture in the lands of Transcarpathia and the North of Russia. The article attempts to study the archaeological features of the construction of temples, to create a typology of wooden church building, to voice the problems of the study of wooden architecture. The key problem in the study of wooden sacred construction is the poor preservation of many temples, their deplorable external condition, various alterations and innovations that distort the "original source".

Key words: Transcarpathia, North of Russia, wooden architecture, wooden temples, symbolism of a wooden temple, Maramorosh style, church.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.2.009

E.V. KALININA Candidate of Historical Sciences Stavropol State Pedagogical Institute, Stavropol, Russia

E.N. VOLODKOVA Candidate of Historical Sciences Stavropol State Pedagogical Institute, Stavropol, Russia

G.I. MALYAVINA Candidate of Historical Sciences Stavropol State Pedagogical Institute, Stavropol, Russia

A.S. GONCHAROV Bachelor, Stavropol State Pedagogical Institute, Stavropol, Russia

IMAGES OF INTERNAL COLONIZATION IN THE HISTORICAL REPRESENTATIONS SYSTEM OF THE DON DIVING POPULATION

The article analyzes the internal content of the complex process of colonization of the Wild Fields by the Cossacks, including diachronisms and images-meanings that are found in the Cossack annals and folklore. The main type of research sources are chronicles reflecting social, economic and military ties, as well as the process of their comprehension within the framework of the intrahistory of the Cossacks. The relevance of the study lies in the need for a private study of the features of the folding of the daily life of the Cossacks of the Wild Fields, based on the totality of the existing in the XV-XVI centuries. neighboring states, which saturate the daily life of the "dashing population" with the concepts of nomadic culture. The practical significance of the study is due to the possibility of using its content in the further study of the early history of the Cossacks, which is extremely sparingly represented in domestic historiographic traditions. Scientific novelty is expressed in a new look at the historical ideas of the Cossacks, based on the synthesis of the mentalities of the Russian kingdom and the Nogai Horde. The purpose of the study is a comprehensive analysis of the historical ideas of the Don population in the period of the early history of the Cossacks. The methodological apparatus includes special historical methods, methods of historical anthropology, the science of mythology, and religious studies. Auxiliary methods are linguistic and cultural. Based on the results of the study, a conclusion was made about the synthetic nature of historical ideas based on the aberration of range, the peasant past of the Cossacks, and the actual social and everyday needs of male military communities.

Key words: Cossacks, Wild Fields, Don, colonization, agriculture, family, everyday life.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.2.010

L.S. GRISHNEVSKAYA Applicant for the department domestic history Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University I.N. Ulyanova, Ulyanovsk, Russia

SOCIOCULTURAL PROCESSES IN ULYANOVSK VILLAGE IN 1940-1953

The article analyzes the issues of cultural construction in the Ulyanovsk village in the first post-war years. One of the main features of the cultural aspects of life in the Soviet village of the mid-1940s – early 1950s is the preservation of historical foundations, customs, traditions of an earlier time. But in the post-war years, a number of government decisions were made to restore and expand the network of cultural institutions and public education. In each regional center there should be a House of Folk Art, in each village – a reading room or club, a rural library. In the field of public education, the main thing was the implementation of universal education. Citizens showed interest in cultural events conducted by local authorities, with the active assistance of the district and regional leadership, and the leaders, in turn, tried, as far as possible, to provide rural cultural institutions with everything they needed.

Key words: social and cultural sphere, culture, education, cultural education institution, reading room, club, rural library, newspaper, radio, public education, cultural construction.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.2.011

A.A. ZORKIN Postgraduate student of the Department of Patriotic History of the Leningrad State University Pushkin, Nikolskoye, Russia

EVALUATION OF SONGS AND POEMS COMPOSED ABOUT THE AFGHAN WAR IN 1979-1989

This article discusses creativity in poetry and songs related to the war in Afghanistan in 1979-1989. Being in a foreign state and fulfilling an international duty, one can consider the real attitude of ordinary Soviet citizens to this conflict and their attitude to the silence of the real situation by official sources. An analysis is made of songs and poems relating to Afghanistan, and primarily those that were written by the soldiers-internationalists themselves. An analysis is made of the data obtained from the books of Memory, collections of poems and songs, which topics were most often touched upon in the work about the Afghan war. Based on the data obtained, a conclusion is made about the attitude towards the war in the DRA. This study may become important for the spheres of politics, psychology and education.

Key words: Afghanistan, songs, poems, books, creativity.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.2.012

P.A. ZUBAREV Postgraduate student of the Institute of Social Sciences Russian Academy of National Economy and public service under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

FIGHTING EPIDEMICS IN THE ARMY OF THE WHITE MOVEMENT AND THE RKKA DURING THE CIVIL WAR IN RUSSIA

One of the main problems that stood in the way of the warring parties during the years of the Civil War in Russia were epidemics of typhus and typhoid, cholera and smallpox. Considering that there was no unified sanitary and epidemiological service in pre-revolutionary Russia, the armies of the White movement and the Red Army took somewhat different paths to solving this problem. During this period, developments were carried out on the prevention of the occurrence of epidemics, methods for their non-proliferation, as well as the treatment of infectious patients. Using a number of sources and historiography, the article analyzes the ways in which the armies of the White Movement and the Red Army fought against epidemics.

Key words: epidemics, typhus, cholera, epidemic infirmaries, bath and laundry units, quarantine.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.2.013

A.S. KULISH Researcher at the Scientific Center for Arctic Studies Salekhard, Russia

N.F. GALEEVA Post-graduate student of the Institute of Ethnological Research named after A.I. R.G. Kuzeev Ufa Federal Research Center RAS, Ufa, Russia

THE GENUS AND ANCESTRAL RELATIONS OF THE NORTHERN SELKUPS

For historians and ethnographers, the clan is a special subject transmitting knowledge about the past of the people and its cultural peculiarities. The fact that the history of the clan consists of global world events and everyday life in equal measure makes it exceptional. Clan relations were formed on a scale disproportionate to the life of an individual and therefore reflect the past of an entire people and its worldview. Northern Selkups, traditionally living in hard-to-reach and sparsely populated areas of the Yamal-Nenets Autonomous County (Krasnoselkupsky and Purovsky area) due to their self-isolation and managed to preserve the basic elements of clan relations up to the end of the twentieth century. The task of the study was to systematize the information about the clan and clan relations of the northern Selkups and to identify the degree of their preservation in the representatives of the people as well.

Key words: Northern Selkups, clan, clan relations, history of the clan, traditions, customs.

HISTORY AND THEORY OF POLITICS

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.2.014

L.F. BOLTENKOVA Doctor of Sciences (law), Professor, Moscow, Russia

HYMN TO THE LORD GOD (PHILOSOPHICAL AND RELIGIOUS RESEARCH IN SEVERAL ARTICLES) ARTICLE FOURTEEN

Starting from the content of the Constitutional norm about God (part 2 of Article 67.1 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation) and analyzing the provisions of the Bible, religious-theological and philosophical literature, the author reveals the concepts of God, Hymn to the Lord God and forms of God glorification. Considering these concepts, the process of glorifying God is investigated.

Key words: God, the Constitution of the Russian Federation, the Bible, Hymn, thank the Lord God.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.2.015

A.S. PARAKHIN Postgraduate student, Samara National Research University named after Academician S.P. Korolev, Samara, Russia

THE EMERGENCE OF THE OCTOBRIST PARTY

The article is devoted to the history of the emergence of the Union of October 17 party, which became the bourgeoisie's response to the revolutionary unrest of 1905 in Russia, when the politically active part of the population began to form into organized groups – parties that were perceived by many as forces undermining the state order. French scientist Maurice Duverger identified four types of political parties: cadre and mass, decentralized and strictly centralized. The problem is to determine the status of the Octobrist party, and this is the main purpose of the study. The sources are archival documents, party documents and memoirs. By 1905, there were a number of political and socio-economic problems in Russia, for this reason, the first parties were oppositional, primarily socialist, they had a long preparation and the ground for emergence, while the Octobrists appeared in the political arena solely as a response to protect a small part of Russian society that was not ready for social change. Some political organizations were not a party, but a platform for uniting forces, and in 1905 there were different views on what the "Union of October 17" should be. Many parties were small, did not exist for long, did not have clear programs and organization, so it was advantageous for them to block with other political groups. The novelty of the research lies in the analysis of the formation and development of the "Union of October 17" from the point of view of the political theory of Maurice Duverger.

Key words: Octobrists, political parties, zemstvos, State Duma, congresses, bourgeoisie, manifesto of October 17.

POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.2.016

N.U. KHANALIEV Doctor of Political Sciences, Advisor to the Department for New Challenges and Threats of the Russian Foreign Ministry, Moscow, Russia

D.U. HANALIEVA Candidate of Psychological Sciences, Moscow, Russia

CRITICAL REFLECTION AND THE SCALE OF RECEPTIVITY TO INFORMATION, TAKING INTO ACCOUNT THE ETHNOPSYCHOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF THE PEOPLES OF RUSSIA

In the current information space, there are preconditions for mass responses from the population against the backdrop of conflicting messages prevailing in the media (Internet). At the same time, the national value scale of the peoples of the North Caucasus, which is positively projected in the information space of Russia, had a positive effect in the formation of volunteer detachments for the Northern Military District throughout Russia. Such ethno-national characteristics of the peoples of the North Caucasus contribute to overcoming the cognitive dissonance in the behavior of Russians in the context of an international conflict and in the formation of patriotic consciousness in general.

Key words: ethnopsychology, cognitive dissonance, ethnic characteristics, social crisis phenomena, international conflicts.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.2.017

V.K. VNUK Candidate of Political Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Fundamental Legal and Social-Humanitarian Disciplines of Synergy University, Moscow, Russia

THE CONCEPT OF LIMITED SOVEREIGNTY IN THE MODERN WORLD POLITICAL PROCESS

The article examines the concept of "limited sovereignty" in the context of the currently existing unipolar system of international relations. The author sets himself the following tasks: to explore the relationship between leader and satellite; to analyze the structure of international relations, revealing the levels and connections that exist between the states of the "core" and "periphery" of the world political process; to determine the methods of patron states influence to client countries. The author illustrates the study with numerous historical examples from international practice. The study is concluded that the structure of the modern political system that consists of the states that are part of the conditional core of the world political process and peripheral states, in the relations of dominance and subordination berween them. The principle of state sovereignty becomes an obstacle to the expansionist aspirations of the "core" states, that’s why the states of the conditional center often use violence against the states of the periphery, justifying this intervention with the concept of limited sovereignty.

Key words: humanitarian intervention, limited sovereignty, satellite states, quasi-sovereignty, client state, independence, colony, semi-colony, desovereignization, sphere of influence, subject-object relations, world political system, world political process, system of international relations, unipolar world , multipolar world, economic sanctions, conflict of interests, hegemony, center-periphery, social Darwinism.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.2.018

K.M. ABDULAZIZOV Graduate student, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

STRUCTURE AND MECHANISMS OF FUNCTIONING OF THE MODERN PARLIAMENT IN AZERBAIJAN

This article is devoted to a conceptual, detailed analysis of the structure of the modern parliament in Azerbaijan. The author carried out work on the study and specification of individual elements that make up the structural elements of parliamentarism in the country. A decisive feature of the study of the structure of parliamentarism, the key points of modern parliamentarism in the Republic of Azerbaijan were also reflected. The author, using the method of analysis of documents in the institutional paradigm of the study, identified the most characteristic, institutional features of the formation of a modern parliament in the Republic of Azerbaijan. Analysis of the document analysis method, namely, to substantiate the Constitution of Azerbaijan in detail, the author managed to determine the basic institutional parameters that made it possible to determine the institution of parliamentarism. Also during the study, a meeting was held on how parliamentary assemblies are organized, what rights and obligations are represented by parliamentarians, as well as what functions are implemented within the framework of the official process. The author's analysis of the emergence of formal (legal) conditions within which modern parliamentarians take place in Azerbaijan, as well as the definition of mechanisms for the implementation of representative definitions within the framework of the institution of parliamentarism.

Key words: parliamentarism, political institutions, representation system, parliament in Azerbaijan, functions of parliament, structure of parliament.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.2.019

A.V. KALAKUTSKII Graduate student, Samara National Research University named after academician S.P. Korolev, Samara University, Samara, Russia

THE INFLUENCE OF THE INFORMATION SUPPORT TECHNOLOGIES ON THE RUSSIAN POLITICAL PROCESS

To date, such a concept as information technology is one of the most significant tools for all spheres of modern life. This concept is also relevant for the modern Russian political process. It is the Internet that has become the main place of media activity. Undoubtedly, this circumstance has modernized the modern political process. Purpose: to consider how information support technologies influence the Russian political process. Results: the material of the reviewed scientific articles, as well as the analysis of news related to the implementation of the political process through information technology showed that the interaction between the state and civil society is improving. Also, thanks to the many political projects that are being promoted on the Internet, the public has become more interested in politics. This can be seen in the example of two regions of the Volga Federal District - Penza and Saratov.

Key words: political process, information technologies, regional information policy, media.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.2.020

D.V. KULIKOVA Graduate student, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Global Processes, Moscow, Russia

COMPARISON OF THE ANTI-CORRUPTION LEGISLATION OF THE REPUBLIC OF KOREA AND THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION

The anti-corruption legislation of the Republic of Korea, based on the features of traditional Korean society, is a unique form that distinguishes it from the anti-corruption legislation of other states. That is why the comparison of the anti-corruption legislation of the Republic of Korea with similar legislation of other countries is still of considerable interest. This study is devoted to comparing the anti-corruption legislation of the Republic of Korea with the anti-corruption legislation of the Russian Federation, which also has its own characteristics and features. The purpose of the study was to identify common features and differences in the anti-corruption policy of the two countries, as well as to identify unique features characteristic only of the anti-corruption legislation of the Republic of Korea.

Key words: corruption, anti-corruption, anti-corruption legislation of the Republic of Korea, anti-corruption legislation of the Russian Federation.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.2.021

D.V. POTAPOV Postgraduate student of the Institute of Social and Political Studies of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow, Russia

DIALECTICS OF SOCIO-POLITICAL RELATIONS AND POLITICAL REGIMES IN RUSSIA

The article is devoted to the multifactorial determination of political development and the dialectic of socio-political relations and forms of political regime in Russia. Stable social and political relations and traditions are studied in the context of the continuous socio-historical process of the etatization of society and the socialization of the state. The priority task of studying Russian society is to study its ability to survive and increase viability, especially during periods of external and internal threats. The authors express the point of view that socio-political relations and forms of the political regime correlate with a number of features of political traditions: the level of subjectivity, the cyclical nature of development, the sphere of manifestation, the messianic orientation, the authoritarianism of political modernization. The authors show that socio-political relations have their own characteristics, and socio-political relations play a significant role in this matter, when two socio-cultural types collided in the country: the first is European or personality-centric, the second is Asian, or sociotypical type, in in which the individual is merged with society.

Key words: political regime, socio-political relations, political modernization, transformation of the political regime.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.2.022

D.A. LENKOV Consultant of the Department of Interaction with Public Organizations of the Department of Physical Culture and Mass Sports Ministry of Sports of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

POLITICAL INNOVATIONS IN THE CONTEXT OF THE ACTUALIZATION OF THE PROBLEMS OF CIVIL SOCIETY IN MODERN RUSSIA

The article critically examines the vectors of modern political innovations: virtualization and digitalization of the political sphere; rationalization and professionalization of political relations; de-bureaucratization; decentralization of power; development of e-democracy, e-government; increasing the role and importance in the political processes of NСO, volunteer organizations and self-organization of society as a whole. It is proved that political innovations in the context of the actualization of the problems of civil society in modern Russia should be considered in the inseparable unity of the instrumental and value-motivational component, which creates real prerequisites for the creation of independent authentic models of innovative development consistent with the cultural and historical civilizational code of the country and its traditional values.

Key words: socio-humanitarian innovation, political innovation, civil society, welfare state, non-profit organizations, intersectional social partnership, cultural and civilizational code of Russia.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.2.023

V.V. GROMOV Postgraduate student of the Department of Political Science and Political Management, RANEPA under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

YOUTH POLICY OF THE MODERN STATE: CONDITIONS FOR POLITICAL PARTICIPATION OF YOUNG PEOPLE

The article examines the phenomenon of youth policy in the public administration system and its influence on the level of political participation of young people. The author notes that the political participation of Russian youth is one of the priority areas of youth policy. The author determines the main conditions for the implementation of the youth policy of the state, contributing to an increase in the level of political participation. These conditions require more participation in the activities of civil society institutions, primarily political parties.

Key words: youth politics, political participation, political socialization, political processes, political parties, institutions of state power.

PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND SECTORAL POLICIES

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.2.024

I.A. SHESTAKOV Master student of the Siberian Institute of Management Russian Academy of National Economy and State service under the President of the Russian Federation, Krasnoyarsk, Russia

N.N. BOGDAN Candidate of Sociological Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department personnel management of the Siberian Institute of Management Russian Academy of National Economy and State service under the President of the Russian Federation, Novosibirsk, Russia

ON THE PROBLEM OF DEVELOPING THE HUMAN RESOURCE CAPACITY OF THE SPHERE OF CULTURE OF THE KRASNOYARSK REGION IN THE CONTEXT OF THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE NATIONAL PROJECT "CULTURE"

The article presents a study of the problem of developing human resources in the sphere of culture of the Krasnoyarsk Territory in the context of the implementation of the National project "Culture". The purpose of the study: to identify problems in the development of the personnel potential of the region's industry in the context of the implementation of the National project "Culture". The main research methods were the analysis of documents, statistical data, expert interviews. The authors give a brief analysis of the theoretical and methodological base of the study, consider the regulatory and legal aspects of the implementation of the national project "Culture" at the regional level, as well as its connection and influence on the solution of existing regional personnel problems in the field of culture. Based on the results of the study, a conclusion is made about the relationship between the implementation of the national project "Culture" and the existing problems in the development of human resources, its formation in the field of culture.

Key words: sphere of culture, personnel potential, national project "Culture", Krasnoyarsk Territory.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.2.025

D.A. KULIKOV PhD student, Saint Petersburg State University, Saint Petersburg, Russia

DIGITAL CARTELS AS A NEW TYPE OF CYBERCRIME IN RUSSIAN ANTIMONOPOLY PRACTICE

The rapid development of technology, as well as the entry of states into the era of the digital economy, inevitably led to the emergence of a new type of cybercrime in the economic sphere – the emergence of digital cartels, whose main activity was the automation of cartel collusion processes in the market. Due to the use of new methods of collusion and the presence of weak regulatory regulation in most countries, this type of cybercrime has become widespread in recent years. The author of the article characterizes digital cartels as a phenomenon of modern market relations, lists the main types of impact of digital cartels on the transaction system, and also conducts a detailed analysis of antitrust practices used by the Russian Federation to combat digital cartels. The purpose of this article is to identify the main current trends in the Russian approach to ensuring the cybersecurity of the procurement system and the antimonopoly struggle for a competitive market environment.

Key words: digitalization, digital economy, digital cartels, cybercrime, digital crime, antimonopoly regulation, cybersecurity, automation, technologies.

HISTORY AND THEORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.2.026

N.S. BOYKO Candidate of Law, Doctor of Historical Sciences, Professor, Department of Law, Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University, Ulyanovsk, Russia

A.A. SVETOCHEV Graduate student of the Department of History Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University, Ulyanovsk, Russia

DEVELOPMENT OF INFRASTRUCTURE RELATED TO AIRCRAFT INDUSTRY (USING THE EXAMPLE OF CIS COUNTRIES)

The article attempted to reveal the main directions of modern aircraft production in the field of civil aviation using the example of civil aviation and the infrastructure associated with this process, which is aimed mainly at meeting the needs of the state, its citizens and not least their commercial component.

Key words: society, technology, aircraft engineering, cultural and historical revival, electronic navigation systems, on-board computers, communication means, airship, gas turbine engines, wars using supersonic unmanned vehicles and robotics.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.2.027

O.V. TERESHCHENKO Candidate of Historical Sciences, Associate Professor of Department of Socio-Economic and Humanitarian Disciplines, Stavropol branch of the Krasnodar University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Stavropol, Russia

K.A. USHMAEVA Doctor of Historical Sciences, associate professor, Professor of Department of Socio-Economic and Humanitarian Disciplines, Stavropol branch of the Krasnodar University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Stavropol, Russia

A.S. GONCHAROV Bachelor, laboratory researcher, Stavropol State Pedagogical Institute, Stavropol, Russia

FROM DEMOCRACY TO PLUTOCRACY. PRINCIPLES OF AUTHORITY ORGANIZATION OF «DASHING PEOPLE» IN THE ERA OF THE WILD FIELDS

The article analyzes the key features of establishing political power and resolving issues of social organization among the «dashing people» who inhabited the Wild Field and later began to call themselves «Cossacks». The relevance of the study is due to the need to rethink the early history of the Cossacks, the principles of borrowing the management system from the Gromada Institute of the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, as well as the mechanism for implementing the "power of the best husbands" in the framework of military everyday life. The practical significance of the study is expressed in the possibility of using its results in restoring the image of the institution of power of the Don Cossack group, which is also determined by the state order in the preservation and promotion of the traditional values of Russian civilization. In the methodological aspect, the results of the study can be used at the level of a higher educational institution, when conducting classes in historical and legal disciplines. Scientific novelty lies in a new look at the properties and principles of functioning of the «power of the best husbands» in the system of military democracy of the Cossack population of the Wild Field. Within the framework of this study, we use special historical methods, methods of historical anthropology, legal theory and methods of folklore. The results of the study testify to the evolution of the archaic ideas of the village Cossacks of the XVI century, associated with the rupture of socio-economic ties with the Gromada Cossacks and the growing influence of the institution of power of the Tsardom of Russia.

Key words: Wild Fields, dashing people, Cossacks, democracy, Shermitsy, Richters, Peacekeepers.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.2.028

E.R. LATYPOVA Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Institute of Chemical Technologies and Engineering USPTU, Sterlitamak, Russia

A.S. CHERNOVA Magister of the Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering USPTU, Sterlitamak, Russia

THE FORMATION OF INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION BETWEEN STUDENTS IN RUSSIAN UNIVERSITIES IN THE CONDITIONS OF MODERN EDUCATION

The article analyzes conflictological problems, negative intercultural socialization which affect the success of intercultural interaction between students of Russian universities. It is specially noted intercultural competence is the ability for productive intercultural students’ interaction. All this have particular importance for successful activity in the modern world and peaceful coexistence. The development of the ability of university students to carry out intercultural interaction in the professional and academic sphere is one of the urgent needs of modern students. The purpose of the article is to consider the issues of optimizing students’ intercultural interactions in the educational process. The main method is the method of generalization of theoretical material, which allows on the basis of systematization, to sum up knowledge in the field of formation of students’ intercultural communication. The results of the study can be used for theoretical studies that analyze the content and essence of students’ intercultural communication in the universities of the Russian Federation. The article is of great help to use results in the process of learning foreign languages at the university, to form the skills of constructive intercultural interaction and develop the intercultural competence of students.

Key words: intercultural interaction, communication of students, culture, educational process, universal competencies, competence approach.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.2.029

N.A. BONDAR Master of regional studies, The Bonch-Bruevich St. Petersburg State University of Telecommunications, Saint-Petersburg, Russia

A.B. GEKHT PhD in history, docent, Head of the department of history and regional studies, The Bonch-Bruevich St. Petersburg State University of Telecommunications, Saint-Petersburg, Russia

D.S. IVLEV Master of regional studies, The Bonch-Bruevich St. Petersburg State University of Telecommunications, Saint-Petersburg, Russia

T.G. POTAPENKO PhD in history, docent of the department of history and regional studies, The Bonch-Bruevich St. Petersburg State University of Telecommunications, Saint-Petersburg, Russia

A.YU. TSIGONYAEVA PhD in philosophy, docent of the department of history and regional studies, The Bonch-Bruevich St. Petersburg State University of Telecommunications, Saint-Petersburg, Russia

EU AND US POLICY TOWARDS GEORGIA: A BRIEF OVERVIEW

This article is devoted to the issue of the policy of the EU member states and the United States towards Georgia during last 30 years. In terms of geopolitical strategy, Georgia is an important stronghold in the South Caucasus region – the sphere of potential interests of NATO member states. For this reason, the EU and the US are interested in the policy of Westernization of Georgia, instilling Euro-Atlantic values in it and investing heavily in the development of military security on the model of NATO. But for a long time Georgia has been facing difficulties that prevent the country from integrating into NATO and the EU. These challenges are the key field of research in this article.

Key words: European Union, USA, NATO, Georgia, South Caucasus.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.2.030

K.KH. RAKHIMOV Candidate of Historical Sciences, Senior Lecturer Department of Theory and History of International Relations Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Head of the Central Asia Sector of the Center for Studies of Post-Soviet Countries, Moscow, Russia

QIU SHUANGSHUANG Master student of the Department of Theory and History of International Relations, Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia

RUSSIAN-CHINESE STRATEGIC PARTNERSHIP IN A MULTIPOLAR WORLD: MILITARY-POLITICAL AND ECONOMIC ASPECTS

The strategic partnership between China and Russia was announced in 1996, and in 2019, the two countries took the bilateral relationship of comprehensive partnership and strategic cooperation to new heights. The main characteristics of the Chinese-Russian strategic partnership are comprehensiveness, stability, extensiveness and multi-level nature. Both China and Russia are advocates and supporters of multilateralism and play an active role in the UN and other multilateral organizations in maintaining global and regional stability and promoting the common development of the whole world. Both countries emphasize the importance of maintaining a global strategic balance, oppose forceful interference in the internal affairs of other countries, and actively participate in improving the global governance system. In the face of major international change, both sides hope that emerging markets can gain equal rights to rule-making and international discourse. In many areas, such as politics, diplomacy, military affairs, economics, the Belt and Road Initiative and the fight against the epidemic, China and Russia have maintained close cooperation and supported each other on issues that affect their core interests. Establishing and deepening a "comprehensive strategic partnership" between Russia and China is not only the right choice based on geopolitical relations, but also a necessary step to overcome the complex and difficult international situation, protect national strategic interests and fulfill the duties of a great power. Therefore, the importance of the Chinese-Russian strategic partnership for the development and stability of the modern multipolar world is obvious.

Key words: China, Russia, strategic partnership, multipolar world, cooperation.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.2.031

I.M. EZHOV Postgraduate student of the Department of Theory and History International Relations of the Russian University friendship of peoples, Moscow, Russia

BELFEKIF DHUKHA Postgraduate student of the Department of Theory and History International Relations of the Russian University friendship of peoples, Moscow, Russia

FRANCE'S ACTIVITIES IN UNESCO IN THE FOCUS OF MEMBERSHIP IN THE INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATION OF LA FRANCOPHONIE

The authorities of the Fifth Republic, faced with the problems of exacerbation of political processes and social explosions caused by the processes of neoliberal globalization, realized the importance of multipolarity in international relations. The French strategy of multipolarity was embodied in the alternative formation of such a political and cultural model, within which an attractive project of globalization can be proposed. Its principles should be humanism, solidarity, observance of fundamental rights and freedoms, and collective responsibility for one's actions. Multilateral cooperation, including within the framework of international structures, has become the most important element of this model for France.

Therefore, the purpose of this article is to analyze the activities of France in UNESCO through the prism of its membership in the International Organization of La Francophonie (OIF). This study examines the role of France in the OIF, explores the key areas of activity of French diplomacy in UNESCO, and gives an overall assessment of the effectiveness of the implementation of France's strategic interests in the context of multilateral cooperation in its foreign cultural policy. The methodological basis of the study includes a set of general and special research methods. The system method made it possible to consider the specifics of France's foreign cultural policy in multilateral structures as a multi-level system. The structural-functional method helped to understand the hierarchy in the structure of French cultural policy actors on the example of UNESCO and the International Organization of La Francophonie. The statistical method formed the basis of an objective study and made it possible to consider the degree of French influence in the OIF system. The results of the study demonstrate the greatest success of French diplomacy in the focus of its membership in the OIF on the cultural vector of UNESCO's activities. France was able to mobilize francophone countries, under the auspices of the OIF, in support of the adoption of the first international legal instrument confirming the sovereignty of states to preserve, adopt and implement the policies and measures they consider an appropriate to protect and promote the diversity of cultural expressions on their territory. The other areas of cooperation between France and UNESCO in the context of membership in the OIF were underlined: 1) educational; 2) cooperation in the implementation of sustainable development goals; 3) efforts to counter extremism and radicalism; 4) protection of freedom of speech and gender equality. The main conclusion of the article is that success in cooperation in each of these areas was made possible thanks to the ability of France to mobilize the Francophone community in the face of the ubiquitous “Anglophony”. It was found that the interaction of France and UNESCO in the focus of its participation in the OIF demonstrates the ability of France to implement a policy of universalism, as the best opportunity to secure the status of a modern middle-ranking state that exercises global influence.

Key words: France, UNESCO, International Organization of La Francophonie, cooperation, multilateralism, cultural policy.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.2.032

V.S. ZVEREVA Postgraduate student, Department of comparative politics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

ENSURING POLITICAL STABILITY IN VENEZUELA AND NICARAGUA: NATIONAL AND INTERNATIONAL ASPECTS

The article discusses the features of ensuring political stability in Venezuela and Nicaragua at the present time. The author applies the method of system analysis to identify the background for ensuring political stability that includes the dependence of domestic political dynamics on the geopolitical factor, the conjuncture of the world market, and cultural and value system. It is concluded that the decline in the standard of living caused by internal and external negative effects contributed to socio-political turbulence. A comparative and situation analysis of political processes in Venezuela and Nicaragua showed that the resources for the regime stability are an influential party-state apparatus with the dominance of executive power, loyal law enforcement, maintaining the priority of social issues, strengthening allied relations with the alternative US world's centers of power.

Key words: Latin America, political stability, Venezuela, Nicaragua, geopolitics.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.2.033

CHEN ZIHAO Postgraduate, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

MAO SHUO Postgraduate, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

REFLECTIONS ON THE NATIONAL SECURITY PATH WITH CHINESE CHARACTERISTICS

General Secretary of the CPC Central Committee Xi Jinping proposed a comprehensive concept of national security and a path to achieve national security with Chinese characteristics; both of these components are based on a creative approach, are united and mutually complement each other. The comprehensive concept of national security is a new stage in the development of the socialist concept of national security with Chinese characteristics, and the path to achieving national security with Chinese characteristics is a necessary guarantee for the preservation and development of socialism with Chinese characteristics. The essence of the comprehensive concept of national security is to always adhere to the organic unity of people's security, political security and the supremacy of national interests. Compared to other major players on the world stage, China is pursuing national security in its own unique way.

Key words: Comprehensive concept of security, national security, Chinese specifics, the way to achieve national security, national security system, China, socialism with Chinese characteristics, national interests.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.2.034

A.B. NAZIRMADOV Master's degree graduate, Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia, Moscow, Russia

FEATURES OF BILATERAL RELATIONS BETWEEN THE US AND THE UAE UNDER PRESIDENT J. BIDEN

The article is devoted to the development of bilateral relations between the United States of America and the United Arab Emirates in the period after Biden came to power in the United States. Relations with the UAE, one of the key US partners in the Middle East, are going through a difficult period under the new American administration. Biden's diplomatic approach and vision are different from that of his predecessors, which presents a challenge both for the US itself and for its Middle Eastern partners. A change in the US foreign policy vector in the Middle East can lead not only to a decrease in US influence, but also to the strengthening of other major international actors in the region.

After the Biden administration came to power, the United States began to rethink its Middle East policy, gradually changing its political focus. Not all the initiatives of the current American leadership met with approval in the circle of the Emirates authorities (for example, less involvement of the United States in ensuring the security of its Middle Eastern partners), and the Biden administration will have to make a choice: to maintain the changed course or return to the basics of the Middle East policy of previous administrations.

Key words: diplomacy, bilateral relations, US President, US, UAE, oil, regional security, supply of arms.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.2.035

A.YU. PAVSHUKOVА Postgraduate student Saint Petersburg State University International relations and world politics, Moscow, Russia

FEATURES OF THE LEGAL REGULATION OF THE EUROPEAN UNION IN THE FIELD OF COMBATING THE TERRORISM FINANCING

This article examines the actions and initiatives taken by the European Union in the field of combating the financing of terrorism and money laundering. The introduction of programs after September 11, 2001 was the starting point for new legislation and regulations in the European Union that aimed to stop and/or limit the flow of funds to terrorist groups, as well as the use of intelligence obtained from the monitoring of financial flows from to identify and prosecute terrorists. Existing measures to combat terrorism not only tighten control over money transfers, but also raise very acute issues in the field of preventing the illegitimate use of non-profit organizations by terrorists and the exchange of personal data.

Key words: terrorism, counter-terrorism policy, FATF, terrorism financing, EU legislation.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.2.036

HUO DONG Postgraduate Student, Department of Comparative Political Science, Faculty of Political Science, Moscow State University M.V. Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia

THE IMPACT OF MODERN POLITICAL RELATIONS BETWEEN CHINA AND THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION ON THE ACTIVITIES OF THE SHANGHAI COOPERATION ORGANIZATION

The article examines the main aspects of political relations between the People's Republic of China and the Russian Federation. The role of this cooperation for work within the framework of the Shanghai Cooperation Organization is analyzed. Cooperation between Russia and China has always been important in political terms. The most important trade and political aspects of these countries, the proximity of territories, as well as the positive fate of modern political interactions, the inclusion of extensive experience in trade relations and the main convergence in politics over the past years help to increase the intensity and quality of cooperation between these countries.

Key words: cooperation, Shanghai Cooperation Organization, humanitarian cooperation, China, Russia, partnership, Central Asia.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.2.037

M.N. OMETYUKH Postgraduate Student, Department of Modern and Contemporary History and methodology of the Moscow State Regional university; history teacher MBOU secondary school No. 10 them. A.K. Astrakhov, Mytishchi, Moscow region, Russia

THE IMAGE OF SLOBODAN MILOSEVIC AS THE POLITICAL LEADER OF SERBIA AND YUGOSLAVIA IN THE AMERICAN NEWSPAPERS THE WASHINGTON POST AND THE NEW YORK TIMES PART I

This article provides an analysis of the image of the Serbian leader Slobodan Milosevic in the American periodicals the Washington Post and the New York Times. For the study, newspaper issues were taken that reflected the events in Yugoslavia in 1991-1999, starting from the moment Milosevic came to power and ending with the events in Kosovo. The purpose of the work is to show how the American media distorted the real political situation, trying to impose a negative image of S. Milosevic, blaming him for the terrible events that took place on the territory of the former socialist Yugoslavia. The relevance of this work is obvious: modern media is a powerful tool in the information confrontation between different states. With their help, you can impose on people that point of view that is beneficial and does not reflect the essence of ongoing events and phenomena. This is what happened to world public opinion, which, through the prism of newspapers and television, perceived Serbia as the only aggressor to blame for the deaths of many people who died in the wars that began after the collapse of the SFRY. The subject of the study is the personality of S. Milosevic, portrayed in American newspapers in the 1990s, how he is described in the media, how his domestic and foreign political actions are explained. As a result of the study, it was revealed that the American press demonized S. Milosevic by unilaterally providing facts, describing him as a subtle and cunning politician who dreamed of creating a Greater Serbia and started wars in the Balkans, while keeping silent about nationalist sentiments in Croatia, the terrorist activities of the Liberation Army Kosovo, etc. The results of the study contribute to the study of the Yugoslav wars of 1991-1999, the study of the personality of S. Milosevic and his role in the history of Yugoslavia and Serbia.

Key words: disintegration of Yugoslavia, Serbia, USA, Kosovo, Slobodan Milosevic, Dayton Accords, Kosovo crisis, press, The Washington Post, The New York Times.

REFLECTIONS ON READING

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.2.038

N.P. MEDVEDEV Doctor of political sciences, professor, editor-in-chief of the publishing house "Nauka Segodnya", Moscow, Russia

PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION: POLITICAL AND LEGAL PROBLEMS OF REGIONAL AND MUNICIPAL AUTHORITIES (BY THE MATERIALS OF PUBLICATIONS IN SCIENTIFIC JOURNALS)

The article analyzes the publications of 2020-2022 in scientific peer-reviewed journals "Political Science Issues" and "Regional and Municipal Management: Issues of Politics, Economics and Law" and the conclusions of the authors on the problems of public administration in the Russian Federation at the regional and municipal level. The political and legal aspects of governance under the conditions of Russian federalism and from the point of view of increasing the effectiveness of power influence on various spheres of public life after the amendments to the Constitution and the introduction of a new legal norm and a new constitutional concept of "public power system" are considered.

Key words: the Constitution of Russia, the system of public authority, public administration, regional problems, municipal administration, federalism, relations between society and the state, current publications.

STUDENT SCIENCE

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.95.2.039

P.S. KRAVETS Student of the Moscow State technical university. N.E. Bauman, Moscow, Russia

THE ROLE OF THE CREATIVE INTELLIGENTIA IN SOVIET SOCIETY IN THE 20-30s

The study of the relations between the intelligentsia and the communist system after 1917 brings to mind two topics that have not been considered in the same context for a long time: the foreign intelligentsia and the pro-Soviet domestic. In various works on these topics during the Cold War, "foreign fellow travelers" are described as naive deceived people, while Soviet intellectuals were either dissident martyrs or "scribblers". The purpose of this article is to focus on the rich field of interactions, coincidences and parallels in how the new Soviet regime approached the intelligentsia, both domestic and foreign, and, in the same way, to identify some common ways in which intellectuals both obeyed and distanced themselves from Soviet power.

Key words: intelligentsia, communism, the Great Turning Point, intellectuals, Bolshevism, cultural diplomacy.

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Scientific Journal “Issues of National and Federative Relations”. Volume 13. Issue 1 (94), 2023

CONTENTS

NATIONAL HISTORY, ETHNOLOGY AND ETHNOGRAPHY

• Uporov I.V., Khokonova M.R. "General Search" and "Search in Houses" in the Norms of the Code of Laws of the Russian Empire
• Ershova T.V., Rogachev A.M. Penential Letters from Strikebreakers on the Pages of the Bolshevist Newspaper «Pravda» on the Eve of the First World War
• Grigoriev M.S. Genocide in the Practice of Ukrainian Nationalism in the First Half of the XX Century (Part I)
• Golenko V.V. Historical Prerequisites for the Formation of Ethno-Cultural and Ethno-Confessional Features of Transcarpathia
• Wang Wei. Examples and Analysis of the Protection and Inheritance of the Intangible Cultural Heritage of the Evenk (Oroken) Ethnic Group in Russia in the Amur River Basin
• Ivanov M.A. Nizhny Novgorod Merchant Dynasties at the End of the 18th – Beginning of the 20th Century. Sources of Formation and Gneological Relationships
• Yakupov A.G. Interaction of the Kazan City Duma with State Financial Control Bodies: Aspect of the Revision Work of 1871-1875
• Golenko V.V. Analysis of the History of the Formation of the Wooden Cult Architecture of Transcarpathia
• Allanyazov M.B. Preparation for the National-Territorial the Demarcation of Central Asia
• Korosteleva V.G. Mortality in the Villages of the Krasnoyarsk Territory in the Post-War Years
• Potvorov A.I. The Problem of Special Military Training in Russian Folk Schools on the Eve of World War I
• Grishnevskaya L.S. Features of the Formation and Development of Television and Broadcasting in the Ulyanovsk Region in 1943-1970

HISTORY AND THEORY OF POLITICS

• Boltenkova L.F. Hymn to the Lord God (Philosophical and Religious Research in Several Articles). Article Thirteen
• Vakilova V.R. Political Institution as an Object of Research in the History of Socio-Political Thought

POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES

• Mikhaylova N.V., Gabdullin K.A., Beltyukov D.E. Youth Policy in Russia on the Threshold of Global Transformation
• Abbasov O.T. Financing of Political Parties in Russia
• Afonin M.V., Kudryavtsev S.A., Krivova A.L. Civil Identity and its Strengthening in Modern Russia

PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND SECTORAL POLICIES

• Goncharova I.V. Transformation of the Education Towards Digital Integration During the Covid-19 Pandemic
• Sofronov P.A., Stepanova Yu.G. The Municipal Formation "Belletsky Evenki National Nasleg" in the Conditions of Industrial Development

THEORY AND HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY

• Suleimanova Sh.S. Information Battle and Security in the Modern World
• Ravochkin N.N. Multitemporality in the Post-Colonial World
• Divankulieva B.Kh., Syzdykova Zh.S. Reflection of Turkmen Wedding Rituals in Literary Works
• Pokasov V.F., Anuprienko I.A., Malyavina G.I., Goncharov A.S. Renewal Movement Inside USA Protestant Communities in the Second Half of the XVII – Beginning of the XVIII Centuries (on the Materials of the First Periodicals)
• Puzevich A.N. Some Questions of the Foreign Policy of the USSR and the USA Towards China at the Final Stage of the Confrontation Between the Kuomintang and the CPC (1946-1949)
• Babyuk S.V. Private Military Companies: Modern Interests of Transnational Companies in Local Armed Conflicts
• Yagafarova G.A., Chernova A.S., Urmanov R.F., Minibayev I.R. Culture and Intercultural Communication
• Gurin G.G. The Strengthening of the United States in the World Energy Market in the Early 1950s as a Result of the Crisis Over Iranian Oil
• Arzhanov I.A. Russia's Military and Political Activity in the Arctic in the Context of Rivalry with NATO in the XXI Century
• Vorobyov A.V. Foreign Experience in Strengthening Reliability of Strategic Partnerships and Alliances
• Manuylova Yu.V. The Taiwan Issue as a Priority of China's Modern Foreign Policy
• Okumbekov R.S. Neopatrimonialism in Central Asia – Factors and Preconditions for Regime Conservation
• Pospelov N.V. The Methodology of Researching the Problem of Russian-Turkish Relations at the Present Stage
• Jin Yang. The Increasing Prevalence of Political Bots in Modern Digital Communications Practices
• Chzhan Chen`I. Chinese Diplomacy in the Context of the Decisions of the 20th CPC Congress
• Zhou Geer. Development of the Northern Sea Route: Preconditions and Factors of Russia's Cooperation with the Countries of Northeast Asia on the Example of China, Japan and South Korea

STUDENT SCIENCE

• Vedzhatova L.N. Modern Approaches to the Implementation of the State National Policy Strategy in the Russian Federation: on the Example of the Republic of Crimea
• Ibragimov M.V. Conservatism and Dogmatism of Islam in the Chechen Republic
• Kryuchkova D.A. Media and Information Literacy of Youth in the Context of Political Culture
• Polischuk D.I., Mandrisa A.V. Referendum on Self-Determination and Possible Scenarios for its Development
• Chitayev N.E., Zimin V.V. History of Nikolaev Church "In the Name of the Pokrov of the Holy Mother of God"

Our authors № 1-2023

NATIONAL HISTORY, ETHNOLOGY AND ETHNOGRAPHY

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94.1.001

I.V. UPOROV Doctor of History, Ph.D., Professor, Krasnodar, Russia

M.R. KHOKONOVA Ph.D., Krasnodar University of the Ministry of Internal Affairs of Russia, Krasnodar, Russia

"GENERAL SEARCH" AND "SEARCH IN HOUSES" IN THE NORMS OF THE CODE OF LAWS OF THE RUSSIAN EMPIRE

The article discusses the features of the criminal procedure regulation of two investigative actions (“general search” and “search in houses”) in the Code of Laws of the Russian Empire of 1832 (vol. 15). It is noted that the legislator prescribed the recording of investigative actions, describing in detail their various aspects. The general search as an independent investigative action ceased to operate within the framework of the investigative and judicial reforms from the middle of the 19th century.

Key words: investigative actions, code of laws, general search, house search, testimony, criminal process.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94.1.002

T.V. ERSHOVA Doctor of History, professor, professor of the department of History of Russia, Moscow City University, Institute of Humanities, Department of Russian History, Moscow, Russia

А.М. ROGACHEV Graduate, Moscow City University Institute of Humanities, Department of Russian History, Moscow, Russia

PENENTIAL LETTERS FROM STRIKEBREAKERS ON THE PAGES OF THE BOLSHEVIST NEWSPAPER «PRAVDA» ON THE EVE OF THE FIRST WORLD WAR

The article, based on materials from the Bolshevik newspaper Pravda, examines the issue of using penitential letters from strikebreakers as a way to return workers expelled from the professional community back to the environment of organized workers. The structure of the letters is analyzed, the reasons for the strikebreaking are identified. The conclusion is made about the effectiveness of the practice of informing the working people through the workers newspapers about specific strikebreakers and using the boycott to fight them.

Key words: strikebreaker, labor movement, labor relations, Pravda newspaper, letters of repentance.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94.1.003

M.S. GRIGORIEV Candidate of political sciences, professor Russian State University for the Humanities, Moscow, Russia

GENOCIDE IN THE PRACTICE OF UKRAINIAN NATIONALISM IN THE FIRST HALF OF THE XX CENTURY (PART I)

In the article the author analyzes the foundations of Ukrainian nationalism. He notes that since the beginning of the 20th century, Ukrainian nationalism has been built on the basis of ideas about the superiority of the “Ukrainian nation” and the need to organize ethnic cleansing of Jews, Poles, Russians and other peoples. Like fascism, or rather Nazism, the organization of genocide has become a practice of Ukrainian nationalism. The author describes cases of manifestations of genocide in the practice of Ukrainian nationalism.

Key words: genocide, nationalism, Ukrainian nationalism, ideology.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94.1.004

V.V. GOLENKO Archimandrite Athanasius (Golenko), Sergiev Posad, Russia

HISTORICAL PREREQUISITES FOR THE FORMATION OF ETHNO-CULTURAL AND ETHNO-CONFESSIONAL FEATURES OF TRANSCARPATHIA

This article examines the historical prerequisites for the formation of ethno-cultural and ethno-confessional features of Transcarpathia, as well as analyzes the current state of Transcarpathian national culture and minorities that prevail in the region. The author reveals the significance of the ethno-cultural and ethno-confessional features of Transcarpathia, their common fusion and distinctive features, analyzes the programs that exist in Transcarpathia, with the help of which the national features of the region are formed.

Key words: ethnopolitics, historical background, national culture, ethno-cultural and ethno-confessional features, national minorities, regionalization.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94.1.005

WANG WEI Senior lecturer Heihe University, China

EXAMPLES AND ANALYSIS OF THE PROTECTION AND INHERITANCE OF THE INTANGIBLE CULTURAL HERITAGE OF THE EVENK (OROKEN) ETHNIC GROUP IN RUSSIA IN THE AMUR RIVER BASIN

Important changes are taking place in today's global cultural space due to the post-industrial stage of development to which all the leading cranes of the world have moved. These cardinal shifts have a direct impact on the cultural process, the specificity and identity of which acquire new significance in terms of the country's image, the growth of regional and local cultural identity of the regions, competitiveness and investment attractiveness. In this context, protection, preservation of historical, cultural and intangible heritage and development of traditional culture are of particular importance. In view of the above, the aim of the article is to analyze and examine examples of protection of the cultural heritage of the Evenk (orochon) ethnic group in Russia. Objectives: 1) to study the theoretical essence of intangible cultural heritage and its content; 2) to outline the organizational mechanism that ensures the protection and preservation of intangible cultural heritage; 3) to conduct analysis using concrete examples of projects to protect and develop the culture of the peoples of the North. Methods: analysis, synthesis, comparison, systematization, generalization. Results – in the process of research the methods and ways of support, preservation and popularization of culture, customs and traditions of the Evenks existing today in Russia were studied. The diversity of the realized projects, which significantly contribute to the protection and expansion of the intangible cultural heritage of the Evenks through song, dance, art, design, language competitions, was outlined. Conclusions. Today in Russia an instrumental concept of protection of ethnic minorities' cultural heritage is being successfully implemented, which effectively combines public and private initiatives.

The Foundation's project: "Comparative study on the preservation and Inheritance of the intangible Cultural Heritage of the Orochon (Evenk) people in the Amur River basin" is a research project of fundamental scientific research of Heihei University in 2022, project number YDP202203.

Key words: culture, traditions, protection, Evenks, Russia, customs.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94.1.006

M.A. IVANOV Lecturer of the Department of Complex Humanities of the Russian State Social University, Moscow, Russia

NIZHNY NOVGOROD MERCHANT DYNASTIES AT THE END OF THE 18TH – BEGINNING OF THE 20TH CENTURY. SOURCES OF FORMATION AND GNEOLOGICAL RELATIONSHIPS

This article is devoted to the study of the Nizhny Novgorod merchant dynasties of the late XVIII – early XX century. In the course of the work carried out, it was possible to identify the sources of their formation in the pre-reform and post-reform period. Determine the specifics of the succession of family capital. As well as the conditions for the suppression of merchant dynasties. Based on the sources and literature involved, the contribution of representatives of the Nizhny Novgorod merchants to the socio-economic development of the region was shown.

Key words: merchant class, estate, dynasty, capital guild, trade, industry.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94.1.007

A.G. YAKUPOV Postgraduate student of the Higher School of Historical Sciences and World Cultural Heritage, Institute of International Relations, Kazan (Volga Region) Federal University, Kazan, Republic of Tatarstan, Russia

INTERACTION OF THE KAZAN CITY DUMA WITH STATE FINANCIAL CONTROL BODIES: ASPECT OF THE REVISION WORK OF 1871-1875

The article examines the reporting activity of the Kazan City Duma in 1871-1875, which is the most important stage of the activity of the city self-government body, forming a full picture of the process of changes in its structure after the transformations of Alexander II. The study of the reporting work of the city duma allows us to consider the degree of development and quality of the management model created in post-reform Russia, since it is during the audit process that the entire Duma potential is used, which makes it possible to identify shortcomings in the work. The author showed that the approval of the new model of audit work met with certain difficulties. As a result of the study, the bureaucratic shortcomings of the activities of the provincial control Chamber, the body controlling the reporting work of the Kazan City Duma, were considered, which was expressed in the long time of requesting additional reporting documentation and the periodic requirement of documents for earlier periods. In addition, it was revealed that the Kazan Provincial Board of the Ministry of Internal Affairs went beyond the powers established in the City Regulations of 1870, which was expressed in an unlawful requirement to the Kazan City Duma to provide accounting documentation. The article notes the positive aspects of the reporting work of the Kazan City Duma, which created a temporary preparatory commission of diverse high-class specialists for the audit.

Key words: revision work, local authorities, city duma, post-reform Russia.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94.1.008

V.V. GOLENKO Archimandrite Athanasius (Golenko), Moscow, Russia

ANALYSIS OF THE HISTORY OF THE FORMATION OF THE WOODEN CULT ARCHITECTURE OF TRANSCARPATHIA

The task of analyzing religious construction on the territory of the Transcarpathian region is accompanied by the condition to detail the features of the style in wooden architecture. In the past, cult architecture turned to wood more often because of the easy accessibility of the material and the relatively low price, technological feasibility of processing types. Wooden structures and elements have no restrictions on the seasonality of creation and installation. The benefit of the decision to build a temple from wood against stone was also in the microclimate of the room: the former is drier and warmer. It is logical that in the Old Russian lands it was wooden architecture that was ahead of other options in the line of building materials. On the tree as the basis of the cult architecture of the masters, works on historical and art history topics have been published since the turn of the XIX-XX centuries. But a full-fledged analysis of achievements in wooden sacred construction is complicated by the fact that the temples are currently characterized by poor preservation, the appearance has not been refreshed, redevelopment, restructuring and modernization have been carried out, hiding the nature of the "original source".

Key words: Wooden temples, Transcarpathia, analysis. Architecture, culture.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94.1.009

M.B. ALLANYAZOV Postgraduate student of St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg, Russia

PREPARATION FOR THE NATIONAL-TERRITORIAL THE DEMARCATION OF CENTRAL ASIA

The article discusses the preparation of the national-territorial demarcation in Central Asia, when after the arrival of Soviet power in Central Asia, not only separate republics, but also autonomous regions appeared. Since that moment, the national policy in Central Asia has become the subject of attention of many people that there is still a discourse and a dispute between individual politicians and representatives of other nationalities living in this region about the correctness of the national-territorial demarcation in Central Asia.

An integrated approach to the study of the topic has led to the use of common methods of historical research: comparative historical analysis for, historical description, statistical methods. Research about was carried out in a historical-problem-analytical manner.

The source base of the study is archival documents, published materials and literature. A significant group of sources are published materials of party congresses and conferences.

Key words: National demarcation, Soviet power, Central Asia, national politics, Turkestan, Communist Party, Republic, reform, dehkan.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94.1.010

V.G. KOROSTELEVA Postgraduate student of the Department of National History, Krasnoyarsk State Pedagogical University named after V.P. Astafyev, Krasnoyarsk, Russia

MORTALITY IN THE VILLAGES OF THE KRASNOYARSK TERRITORY IN THE POST-WAR YEARS

The purpose of the article is to determine the dynamics and establish the factors of mortality of the rural population of the Krasnoyarsk Territory in 1946-1950.

The study used modernization theory as a methodological basis. The essence of changes in the rural population is explained by the theory of demographic transition, which is complemented by the concept of epidemiological transition. In the work, along with general scientific and historical methods, demographic and statistical research methods were used.

The article analyzes the mortality rate of the rural population of the Krasnoyarsk Territory in the first post-war five-year period. Its dynamics and the main causes are considered. The age and sex composition of the deceased is determined, which gives an idea of the proportions of male and infant mortality in the overall structure of mortality of the population. The interrelation of the mortality of villagers with the social processes taking place in the country is established, and the influence of the famine of 1946-1947 on the mortality rates of the population is determined. The indicators of rural and urban areas of the Krasnoyarsk Territory are compared with similar ones in the RSFSR as a whole. It is concluded that the mortality rates in the villages of the Krasnoyarsk Territory had characteristic features.

Key words: mortality, morbidity, sex and age composition, mortality structure, Krasnoyarsk Territory, rural population, demographic processes.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94.1.011

A.I. POTVOROV Candidate of Historical Sciences, D. in History at the Department of Russian History of the Bryansk State University named after Academician I.G. Petrovskiy, Bryansk, Russia

THE PROBLEM OF SPECIAL MILITARY TRAINING IN RUSSIAN FOLK SCHOOLS ON THE EVE OF WORLD WAR I

World War I, due to its scale and length in time, changed the usual course of life, causing the problems associated with it in the upbringing of the younger generation. By its beginning the problem of military-patriotic education in pre-revolutionary Russia had quite a long history and its formation was largely facilitated by Russia's defeat in the Russo-Japanese War, which demonstrated the shortcomings of the Russian army. The article considers the initial stage of the discussion of the issues related to military training of youth, reflecting the position of the Military Ministry and the Ministry of National Education. The author also touches upon the problem of private initiatives in the creation of children's organizations of the so-called "poteshniki".

Key words: military-patriotic education, "poteshnykh", periodicals, Russian-Japanese war, Ministry of National Education, World War I.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94.1.012

L.S. GRISHNEVSKAYA Applicant for the department domestic history Ulyanovsk State Pedagogical University I.N. Ulyanova, Ulyanovsk, Russia

FEATURES OF THE FORMATION AND DEVELOPMENT OF TELEVISION AND BROADCASTING IN THE ULYANOVSK REGION IN 1943-1970

In the article, the author made an attempt on the basis of archival documents to investigate the formation and development of broadcasting in the Ulyanovsk region and the construction of television centers. Considering that the first radio program was released in March 1943, that is, in the midst of the Great Patriotic War against Nazi Germany. Despite all the difficulties of restoring the country after the war, the USSR government decides on the development of radio broadcasting in the country. Also, as in any branch of the national economy, the development of broadcasting in the Ulyanovsk Territory had its own difficulties and problems, mainly in the supply of equipment to the Ulyanovsk Region.

The difficulties in commissioning television and radio broadcasting facilities were analyzed. The work highlighted the activities of local authorities and their interaction with republican ministries to eliminate emerging difficulties and solve the issue of covering the broadcasting network throughout the Ulyanovsk Territory.

Key words: television, radio broadcasting, information, television center, radio broadcasting, TV, radio point, repeater, war, fascism, regional executive committee.

HISTORY AND THEORY OF POLITICS

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94.1.013

L.F. BOLTENKOVA Doctor of Sciences (law), Professor, Moscow, Russia

HYMN TO THE LORD GOD (PHILOSOPHICAL AND RELIGIOUS RESEARCH IN SEVERAL ARTICLES) ARTICLE THIRTEEN

Starting from the content of the Constitutional norm about God (part 2 of Article 67.1 of the Constitution of the Russian Federation) and analyzing the provisions of the Bible, religious-theological and philosophical literature, the author reveals the concepts of God, Hymn to the Lord God and forms of God glorification. Considering these concepts, the process of glorifying God is investigated.

Key words: God, the Constitution of the Russian Federation, the Bible, Hymn, thank the Lord God.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94.1.014

V.R. VAKILOVA Senior Lecturer of the Department of Fundamental Legal and Socio-Humanitarian Disciplines of the Synergy University, Moscow, Russia

POLITICAL INSTITUTION AS AN OBJECT OF RESEARCH IN THE HISTORY OF SOCIO-POLITICAL THOUGHT

The concept of a political institution as a complex of certain phenomena and facts has changed throughout the formation of political thought. Today, a political institution as an object of research has a significant heuristic potential and is one of the significant units of political analysis. In this regard, there is a need for a more detailed study of this definition, which this article is devoted to.

Key words: political institution, public association, institute, social relations, value system, normativity.

POLITICAL INSTITUTIONS, PROCESSES AND TECHNOLOGIES

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94.1.015

N.V. MIKHAYLOVA Doctor of political sciences, Professor of the Department of National and Federal Relations of the Russian Presidential Academy of National Economy and Public Administration, Moscow, Russia

K.A. GABDULLIN Postgraduate student of the Department of Public Policy and History of State and Law of the Peoples' Friendship University of Russia, Moscow, Russia

D.E. BELTYUKOV Graduate student Department of Management of the A.N. Kosygin Russian State University, Moscow, Russia

YOUTH POLICY IN RUSSIA ON THE THRESHOLD OF GLOBAL TRANSFORMATION

The article is devoted to youth policy in the Russian Federation, the role of the government and society in education of young people in the situation of global informational confrontation. The concept of the theory of absorption of media content is introduced, which provides a justification for creating systems of analysis, accounting and forecasting of individual characteristics of the young person.

Key words: Youth, youth policy, government, information, Internet.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94.1.016

O.T. ABBASOV Senior lecturer of the department fundamental legal and social and humanitarian disciplines MFPU "Synergy", Moscow, Russia

FINANCING OF POLITICAL PARTIES IN RUSSIA

This article is devoted to the problem of financing political parties in the Russian Federation. The article discusses the sources of financing of domestic political parties. The purpose of the article is to analyze the list of sources of income for political parties, the tasks are to identify the types of sources used by political parties in Russia in the pre-revolutionary period, in the period of a one-party system and in modern periods. The study uses dialectical and comparative methods. It is concluded that for more than a century of the history of the existence of domestic political parties, the list of possible sources of funding has not undergone significant changes. Currently, the most significant source for the leading political parties in Russia is state funding.

Key words: financing of political parties, entrance and membership fees, donations, business income, public funding.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94.1.017

M.V. AFONIN PhD in Law, Associate Professor, Head of the Department of Human Rights of the Russian state social university, Moscow, Russia

S.A. KUDRYAVTSEV Postgraduate student of the Department of Political Science and Applied political work of the Russian State social university, Moscow, Russia

A.L. KRIVOVA Lecturer at the department of human rights Russian State Social university, Moscow, Russia

CIVIL IDENTITY AND ITS STRENGTHENING IN MODERN RUSSIA

The article is devoted to the disclosure of the concepts of civil and national identity and their relevance for the successful foreign and domestic policy of modern Russia, the results of the research by the author of this topic on the basis of scientific publications, opinion polls, individual interviews with representatives of the Russian establishment (related to the shapers of public opinion), legislative acts are given. suggestions of ways to strengthen civic identity in modern Russia.

Key words: civic identity, citizenship, national identity, nationalism, values, national idea, political participation, democracy.

PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION AND SECTORAL POLICIES

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94.1.018

I.V. GONCHAROVA Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Associate Professor, Associate Professor of the Department of Social Technologies at Faculty of Sociology of Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

TRANSFORMATION OF THE EDUCATION TOWARDS DIGITAL INTEGRATION DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC

The integration of education was a reflection of the social processes taking place in the society. Having emerged as labor integration at the turn of the bourgeois revolutions, the integration of education went through various stages. Currently, as a reflection of the pandemic and the total and forced tranformation towards the distance learning, there is a fifth stage of educational development – digital integration.

Key words: integration of education, stages, labour school, intersubject connections, digital integration of education.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94.1.019

P.A. SOFRONOV Senior Lecturer of the Department of History, Social Science and Political Science, Faculty of History, North-Eastern Federal University named after M.K. Ammosov, Yakutsk, Russia

YU.G. STEPANOVA Graduate student of the Faculty of History, North-Eastern Federal University named after M.K. Ammosov, Yakutsk, Russia

THE MUNICIPAL FORMATION "BELLETSKY EVENKI NATIONAL NASLEG" IN THE CONDITIONS OF INDUSTRIAL DEVELOPMENT

The main problem of the research of the article is the analysis of the role and importance of domestic reindeer husbandry for the indigenous peoples of the North. The preservation of reindeer husbandry as a traditional occupation of the inhabitants of Belletsky Nasleg is considered as a process of human inclusion in the modern system of economic relations, assimilation of political orientations and patterns of behavior. Reindeer husbandry is defined as a stable idea of the various qualities of an individual people.

Key words: indigenous peoples of the North, national policy, reindeer husbandry, traditional forms of economy.

THEORY AND HISTORY OF INTERNATIONAL RELATIONS AND FOREIGN POLICY

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94.1.020

SH.S. SULEIMANOVA Doctor of Political Science, Professor at the Department of Public Relations and Media Policy Faculty of Journalism, IGSU RANEPA under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

INFORMATION BATTLE AND SECURITY IN THE MODERN WORLD

The article is devoted to one of the topical problems of our time – the information confrontation between countries. In the modern world, there are many discussions about the influence of the media space on the formation of public opinion, how information and communication technologies affect global politics, business, economics, education and personal relationships. In the last decade, information management capabilities have increased significantly. The consequences of this in matters of ensuring the national security of the country are only beginning to be fully realized. It is noted that information is, in its essence, a psychological weapon, which, by influencing the consciousness of the population, can cause significant damage to the enemy side. Thus, information becomes on a par with the types of weapons already familiar to military conflicts.

Key words: information confrontation, public opinion, information and communication technologies, manipulations, information policy, media space, mass media.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94.1.021

N.N. RAVOCHKIN Dr. in Philosophy, Associate Professor Associate Professor of the Department of Pedagogical Technologies Kuzbass State Agricultural Academy; Professor at the Department of History, Philosophy and Social Sciences Kuzbass State Technical University named after T.F. Gorbachev Kemerovo, Russia

MULTITEMPORALITY IN THE POST-COLONIAL WORLD

The presence of states in the individual "time zone" of social time is the most important in building the logic of interactions in the modern world system. The unpredictability that has become inherent in everything and everything, from supranational interactions to social objects at the local level, has demanded from political science more attention to the problem of time perception. It is the peculiarities of experiencing and living individual historical segments that constitute the multitemporality of the modern world. The article deals with the entry of the countries of the post-colonial world into multitemporality. The initial differences between the colonizing countries and the periphery, which largely determined the appearance of the modern world-system, are analyzed. The features of the collective memory of the states of the postcolonial world are revealed. The main vectors are determined and the trajectories of the import of liberal democratic ideas, institutions and practices are drawn. In conclusion, the results are summed up and directions for future research are outlined.

Key words: temporality, society, power, institution, import, idea, time.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94.1.022

B.Kh. DIVANKULIEVA Candidate of Historical Sciences, senior lecturer of the department archeology and ethnology Turkmen State Magtymguly University, Ashgabat, Turkmenistan

ZH.S. SYZDYKOVA Doctor of History, Professor, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Institute of Asian and African Studies, Moscow, Russia

REFLECTION OF TURKMEN WEDDING RITUALS IN LITERARY WORKS

The article analyzes the wedding customs and rituals of the Turkmens on the basis of literary material. It is shown that literary works represent a rich realistic material on the traditional ethnography of the Turkmens, as well as new phenomena in culture and life. The possibilities of a literary work as a historical and ethnographic source are noted. It is concluded that such sources may contain ethnographic information, which is scarce or absent in the specialized literature.

Key words: ethnography, Turkmen people, literary work, traditions, wedding ceremonies.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94.1.023

V.F. POKASOV Candidate of Historical Sciences Stavropol State Pedagogical Institute, Stavropol, Russia

I.A. ANUPRIENKO Candidate of Historical Sciences Stavropol State Pedagogical Institute, Stavropol, Russia

G.I. MALYAVINA Candidate of Historical Sciences Stavropol State Pedagogical Institute, Stavropol, Russia

A.S. GONCHAROV Bachelor, Stavropol State Pedagogical Institute, Stavropol, Russia

RENEWAL MOVEMENT INSIDE USA PROTESTANT COMMUNITIES IN THE SECOND HALF OF THE XVII – BEGINNING OF THE XVIII CENTURIES (ON THE MATERIALS OF THE FIRST PERIODICALS)

The article analyzes the trends in the development of new Protestantism in the life of American communities created from the collectives of British, Dutch, German and French settlers. The main type of research sources is the early period of Boston, New York and other major publishing cities. The relevance of the study lies in the need for a private study of the features of the formation of the daily life of Protestant communities, based on the totality of the teachings, traditions and their branches that existed in the second half of the XVII century. The practical significance of the study is due to the possibility of strengthening the socio-cultural ties of Orthodox Christianity with other confessions and religious traditions. In the methodological aspect, the content of the work can be used to cover the theme of the Reformation in the United States in a higher educational institution. Scientific novelty is expressed in a new look at the coverage of moderate, fundamental and liberal Protestantism in the American periodical press, based on intrahistory and the factor of historical ideas of bearers of different Christian views, including editors of newspapers and magazines. The purpose of the study is a comprehensive analysis of the renewal movement in American Protestantism based on the sources of the periodical press. The methodological apparatus includes special historical methods, methods of historical anthropology and religious studies, auxiliary methods are sociological and culturological. In the course of the study, the authors consider the first Protestant services, the features of the Anglican Church in the USA, New England Congregationalism, «Northern Protestantism» and the theology of R. Williams, Baptist Churches. The conclusion is made about the syncretism of Neoprotestantism and capitalist messianism, reflecting the economic interests, the picture of the world and the experiences of the ideological search of the settlers who migrated to the northeast of the American continent.

Key words: Protestantism, Lutheranism, Anglicanism, Baptism, New England, worship, church service.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94.1.024

A.N. PUZEVICH Lecturer at the Department of Military-Political work in the troops (forces) of the Ryazan Guards higher airborne command school named after Army General V.F. Margelov, Ryazan, Russia

SOME QUESTIONS OF THE FOREIGN POLICY OF THE USSR AND THE USA TOWARDS CHINA AT THE FINAL STAGE OF THE CONFRONTATION BETWEEN THE KUOMINTANG AND THE CPC (1946-1949)

In this article, the author examines the key aspects of Soviet-Chinese and American-Chinese relations during the Chinese Civil War (1946-1949). An important feature of this conflict is the fact that it took place in the conditions of the emerging military-political confrontation between the Soviet Union and the United States. In this regard, the foreign policy of the USSR and the USA in China is largely considered by the author in the context of its influence on these events.

Key words: US-China relations, Kuomintang, civil war, China, CPC, J. Marshall, Soviet-Chinese relations, USSR, USA, Chiang Kai-shek.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94.1.025

S.V. BABYUK Teacher-researcher at Novosibirsk State University of Economics and Management, Novosibirsk, Russia

PRIVATE MILITARY COMPANIES: MODERN INTERESTS OF TRANSNATIONAL COMPANIES IN LOCAL ARMED CONFLICTS

The spread of terrorism in the world motivates multinational companies in the United States and other countries to defend their political and economic interests in various regions of the world through the services of private military companies. This seems to be perhaps the only way out of the current crisis. Transnational corporations conduct intelligence activities, monitor each other's progress, seek to control resources, and allow possible armed conflicts. In modern conditions, transnational corporations are interested in organizing local armed conflicts through the services of private armed military companies in order to solve political and economic problems. Experts give a forecast of such events for the near future as optimistic. But no one can predict when it will turn negative. Legal regulation of the activities of private military companies at the international level is necessary now.

Key words: private military company, combatant, international armed conflict, legal status, international responsibility, international market, UN, Montreux Convention.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94.1.026

G.A. YAGAFAROVA Candidate of Pedagogical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Institute of Chemical Technologies and Engineering of USPTU, Sterlitamak, Russia

A.S. CHERNOVA Magister of the Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering USPTU, Sterlitamak, Russia

R.F. URMANOV Magister of the Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering USPTU, Sterlitamak, Russia

I.R. MINIBAYEV Magister of the Institute of Chemical Technology and Engineering USPTU, Sterlitamak, Russia

CULTURE AND INTERCULTURAL COMMUNICATION

The article deals with the issue of culture disclosure using qualitative methods and research in the field of communication between different cultures. The term culture is used in the article as various processes of social interaction that are attributed to culture.

Socio-cultural processes, as part of a collective and individual dialectic with an order of meanings that arise in potential, are constantly being reformulated in various cultural and social points of view. Not a small part of recent research has been directed to the study of systems in the field of intercultural communication, that is, communication. The literature under consideration offers various points of view on the problem of intercultural communication and awareness of the social role of communication in the process of this communication.

Key words: cultural studies, communication studies, cross-culture, conceptualization, empirical realities.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94.1.027

G.G. GURIN Post graduate student Moscow City University, Moscow, Russia

THE STRENGTHENING OF THE UNITED STATES IN THE WORLD ENERGY MARKET IN THE EARLY 1950S AS A RESULT OF THE CRISIS OVER IRANIAN OIL

The paper examines the transformation of the role of the United States of America during the resolution of the crisis around the Anglo-Iranian Oil Company. The role of the embargo imposed by the UK on Iranian oil is assessed. The events of the early 1950s served as a starting point for a significant change in the balance of power in the region, as well as the establishment of an era of total dominance of the United States in the world oil market.

Key words: Iran, Great Britain, USA, AINK, nationalization, oil factor, Greater Middle East, Great Powers.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94.1.028

I.A. ARZHANOV PhD Student, International Relations and Integration Processes Department, Faculty of Political Science, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

RUSSIA'S MILITARY AND POLITICAL ACTIVITY IN THE ARCTIC IN THE CONTEXT OF RIVALRY WITH NATO IN THE XXI CENTURY

The article presents the results of a study of the measures taken and actively implemented by the Russian Federation to protect national interests in the Arctic as NATO's unilateral rival approach increases. In the XXI century, at the present stage of international cooperation in the Arctic, the military-political vector in relations between Russia and the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) in the Arctic has gone a consistent way from successful attempts to build a short-term limited cooperation to obvious rivalry. NATO's approach to the region, expressed in its unwillingness to consider Russia as a strong, independent actor and the Alliance's focus on restructuring the balance of power in the High North, led to the forced consideration of the Western anti-Russian course when developing exclusively defensive measures. In this regard, these policies and activities are of research interest. The purpose of this research paper is to trace and identify the key aspects of the military and political activities of the Russian Federation aimed at ensuring and protecting the country’s national interests in the Arctic. Research objectives: 1) to reveal some key milestones of NATO's policy in the Arctic, indicating the sequence of the formation of a rival approach; 2) based on the author's vision, to identify a number of main problems solved by the approach and to detail the features of the measures being implemented when referring to the considered vector of activity of Russia in the High North; 3) to reflect the evolution of the doctrinal and strategic views of the Russian Federation in the field of security, set out in the documents affecting the Arctic region. The methodological foundations of this research paper are based on a multidisciplinary approach, expressed in the use of the following methods: comparative, situational, statistical, content and event analysis. Several provisions of this article are set out when referring to historical-descriptive and predictive methods. The result of the research was the author's concept of vision of the triad of problems solved through Russia's military and political activities in the Arctic, proposed in the article. In conclusion, it is emphasized that the ongoing efforts are not directed against other countries and reflect the forced nature in the conditions of a consistent growth of rivalry.

Key words: Russia, NATO, Arctic, security, rivalry.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94.1.029

A.V. VOROBYOV Postgraduate student of the Department of International Security and Foreign Policy Activities of Russia, Faculty of National Security, Institute of Law and National Security, Russian Academy of National Economy and Public Administration under the President of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

FOREIGN EXPERIENCE IN STRENGTHENING RELIABILITY OF STRATEGIC PARTNERSHIPS AND ALLIANCES

In the context of aggravation of situation in the world, associated with the formation of a new world order, the importance in international relations of such a property as reliability increases significantly. This feature becomes especially important when countries reach a high level of cooperation – at the stage of strategic partnership and alliance. The article discusses foreign experience in developing the reliability of strategic partnerships and alliances. Many tools and methods from this experience can be used to strengthen the reliability of Russia's strategic partnerships and alliances with foreign countries.

Key words: strategic partnership, alliance, reliability, coherence, detailing, conflict resolution, trust, Eurasian Economic Union, European Union, NATO, ASEAN.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94.1.030

Yu.V. MANUYLOVA Postgraduate Student, Faculty of Global Studies, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

THE TAIWAN ISSUE AS A PRIORITY OF CHINA'S MODERN FOREIGN POLICY

The article deals with the state of the Taiwan issue in the foreign policy of the People's Republic of China at the current stage, analyzes the causes and consequences of the Taiwan crisis in 2022. During the study, methods of historical and comparative analysis, a prognostic method, content analysis of the media and strategic documents, and a number of other general scientific methods were used. Based on the analysis, the author reveals that the use of force in a settlement of the Taiwan issue is one of the scenarios that the Chinese government is considering, but the diplomatic solution to the issue remains a priority for China.

Key words: China, PLA, White Paper, Taiwan issue, Taiwan crisis, Pelosi.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94.1.031

R.S. OKUMBEKOV Postgraduate, Department of Political Science, Faculty of Social Sciences and Mass Communication, Educator, Financial University under the Government of the Russian Federation, Moscow, Russia

NEOPATRIMONIALISM IN CENTRAL ASIA – FACTORS AND PRECONDITIONS FOR REGIME CONSERVATION

The article deals with the issues related to the sustainability of the neopatrimonial regime of government in the countries of Central Asia. In the course of the research different approaches and opinions on the preservation of political systems in the region are analyzed. On the basis of the analysis the author's approach to formalization of the key determinants of regime stability, which include economic, political and social ones, has been substantiated.

Key words: Central Asia, political system, neopatrimonialism, president, society.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94.1.032

N.V. POSPELOV Postgraduate student of the Diplomatic Academy of the Ministry of Foreign Affairs of Russia, Moscow, Russia

THE METHODOLOGY OF RESEARCHING THE PROBLEM OF RUSSIAN-TURKISH RELATIONS AT THE PRESENT STAGE

The article deals with methodology of relations between Russia and Turkey in the period from 2002 to 2022. Great importance attaches to the identification of various approaches through the study of relevant works and the identification of the advantages, disadvantages and effectiveness of each of them. This allows looking at the history of bilateral cooperation taking into account the geopolitical situation in the Middle East and North Africa region. As we know, the election of Vladimir Putin as President of Russia and the coming to power of the Justice and Development Party (AKP) under the leadership of former Turkish Prime Minister R.T. Erdogan contributed to the transition to the level of a multifaceted partnership. The destruction of the Russian Su-24 bomber over Syrian territory created a crisis that lasted for seven months. The re-establishment of contacts between Moscow and Ankara on the 9-th of August of 2016 enabled a balanced foreign policy and the development of major energy projects. At the same time emphasis placed on resolving the conflict in Syria due to the establishment of the «Astana Troyka» in January of 2017. The aim of the article is to examine the available approaches in Russian-Turkish relations during the first quarter of the 21st century. The objectives are to identify their specificity in the studies of domestic and foreign researchers to find ways to apply based on certain evidence. The main result is that we can use the conclusions of the article in the scientific literature to conduct methodological research into the problem of interaction between Moscow and Ankara at the present stage.

Key words: Russian-Turkish relations, multidimensional partnership, geopolitical environment, scholarly approach, strategic partnership.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94.1.033

JIN YANG Postgraduate Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia

THE INCREASING PREVALENCE OF POLITICAL BOTS IN MODERN DIGITAL COMMUNICATIONS PRACTICES

Political bots are one of the most common tools for manipulating public opinion in the digital space today. This paper divides our world into a three-tiered structure, using the structural explanation method, the author has elucidated the three main stages of public opinion manipulation technology on the Internet and analysed the process of political bots' development.

Key words: political bots, manipulation, propaganda, social networks, technological transformation.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94.1.034

CHZHAN CHEN`I Graduate student of Department of Political Science of the East of the Faculty of Global Studies, Moscow State University Lomonosov, Moscow, Russia

CHINESE DIPLOMACY IN THE CONTEXT OF THE DECISIONS OF THE 20TH CPC CONGRESS

By the method of comparative analysis of the CPC's positions in relation to the formation of the PRC's foreign policy, the substantive priorities and ideological basis are analyzed, the object of the study is China's foreign policy activity. The subject is the position of the CPC as an ideological basis for the formation of a foreign policy course. The author explores the diplomatic aspects and focuses research attention on the analysis of the new content of the report at the 20th Congress of the CPC in comparison with the previous ones, giving his own interpretation of the foreign policy course and the trend of Chinese diplomacy.

Key words: foreign policy, diplomacy, China, foreign policy priorities, ideology, global leadership, USA.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94.1.035

ZHOU GEER PhD student, International Relations and World Politics Department, St. Petersburg State University St. Petersburg, Russia

DEVELOPMENT OF THE NORTHERN SEA ROUTE: PRECONDITIONS AND FACTORS OF RUSSIA'S COOPERATION WITH THE COUNTRIES OF NORTHEAST ASIA ON THE EXAMPLE OF CHINA, JAPAN AND SOUTH KOREA

The purpose of the article is to determine the prerequisites and factors for the development of cooperation between Russia and the three countries of Northeast Asia (China, Japan and South Korea) in the creation of a new infrastructure of the Northern Sea Route and the transformation of the Northern Sea Route into an international transport corridor. The article identifies and characterizes the enduring foundations of the interest of the three countries of Northeast Asia in joining the Russian plans for the development of the Northern Sea Route, but at the same time it emphasizes the ambiguous nature of the impact of anti-Russian sanctions on the cooperation of these countries with Russia. While the sanctions of 2014 and 2022 increased the attractiveness of these countries for Moscow in the context of the search for foreign partners for the implementation of Arctic projects, the situation around the Ukrainian crisis in 2022 made adjustments to the intentions of these countries to develop Arctic cooperation with Russia, and anti-Russian sanctions have significantly limited the ability of these countries to participate in Russian Arctic projects. While the 2014 and 2022 sanctions increased the attractiveness of these countries for Moscow in the context of seeking foreign partners for Arctic projects, the situation around the Ukraine crisis in 2022 has made adjustments to these countries' intensions to develop Arctic cooperation with Russia, and the anti-Russian sanctions have significantly limited the ability of these countries to participate in Russian Arctic projects. In conclusion, the article concludes that the prospects for Russia's Arctic cooperation with the three countries of Northeast Asia are uncertain due to the new geopolitical reality, pressure exerted by Washington on these countries in order to curb their financial and technological interaction with Russia, partial accession of Japan and South Korea to anti-Russian sanctions, fears of the Chinese side to fall under secondary sanctions.

Key words: Russia, Arctic, China, Northeast Asia, Japan, South Korea, Northern Sea Route (NSR).

STUDENT SCIENCE

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94.1.036

L.N. VEDZHATOVA Master's student, Faculty of Journalism, IGSU RANEPA under the President of the Russian Federation, Republic of Crimea, Russia

MODERN APPROACHES TO THE IMPLEMENTATION OF THE STATE NATIONAL POLICY STRATEGY IN THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION: ON THE EXAMPLE OF THE REPUBLIC OF CRIMEA

The article discusses the main provisions of the state national policy strategy until 2025. In particular, the peaceful coexistence of different peoples on the territory of the Russian Federation is analyzed on the example of one of the most multinational subjects of the country – the Republic of Crimea. The author comes to the conclusion that the strategy is designed to become a mobilizing factor contributing to the strengthening of the all-Russian civil consciousness, ensuring state security, political stability in society and the growth of the international prestige of the Russian Federation.

Key words: ethno-cultural development, civic consciousness, multinationality, «independence», nation, referendum, Republic of Crimea.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94.1.037

M.V. IBRAGIMOV Bachelor of the Department of National History Moscow State Pedagogical University, Moscow, Russia

CONSERVATISM AND DOGMATISM OF ISLAM IN THE CHECHEN REPUBLIC

The article evaluates the conservatism and dogmatism of Islam in the Chechen Republic. It is noted that Islam in Chechnya has been widespread for a long time and today it acts as the main religion of this region. It has been established that Muslims in Chechnya are Sunnis who adhere to the Shifiite madhhab. The main features of Islam on the territory of Chechnya were called the dogmatism and conservatism of Islam of the variation that found its spread in the specified region. It is noted that this is largely due to the isolation and closeness of culture, as well as the development of autogenic features by the world religion. In addition, the author highlights such features of the Islam of Chechnya as the fact that it is a tariqa Islam focused on practical application in rituals and the fact that the tariqas of qadiriy and nakshabandiya have some differences. The conclusion is also formulated that in modern Chechen society the influence of Islam manifests itself quite clearly, moreover, the influence of Naqshbandi and Qadiri Virds is very noticeable, which can also be viewed through the prism of the key features of Islam in the territory of this region and neighboring republics.

Key words: Islam, Chechnya, Virds, Sunnis, nakshabandiya, tariqats.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94.1.038

D.A. KRYUCHKOVA Graduate student of the faculty of journalism Institute of Public Service and Management (IGSU) Russian Academy of National Economy and public service (RANEPA – RANEPA), Moscow, Russia

MEDIA AND INFORMATION LITERACY OF YOUTH IN THE CONTEXT OF POLITICAL CULTURE

The article notes that modern means of communication play an important role in the life of young people, forming value orientations and behavior patterns. This is of particular importance given that young people spend a significant proportion of their time in the media environment and the increasing flow of information can pose a threat to the younger generation, which is at the initial stage of the formation of a system of spiritual, moral, social and intellectual values. To prevent this from happening, it is important to learn how to adequately perceive and process information, as well as learn the skills of critical text analysis. The author set a goal – to determine the level of media literacy of young people in modern digital realities, as well as critical thinking. The problem raised is relevant because in modern realities it is impossible to ignore the spread of false, destructive information that affects the younger generation. The author notes that in order to form political consciousness, develop political thinking and increase the level of information literacy, media education is necessary, which will prepare young people for life in the modern information society.

Key words: youth political culture, media and information literacy, youth political activity, citizenship, critical thinking.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94.1.039

D.I. POLISCHUK Student of Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia

A.V. MANDRISA Student of Far Eastern Federal University, Vladivostok, Russia

REFERENDUM ON SELF-DETERMINATION AND POSSIBLE SCENARIOS FOR ITS DEVELOPMENT

A referendum on self-determination is the highest manifestation of exclusion, the manifestation of the results of the will of the people and their rights to independently resolve a wide range of socio-political issues. The relevance of the study of the application of this procedure today is manifested in connection with its expansion and the lack of a unified implementation within the framework of international agreements.

The article discusses the approaches to understanding the essence of the referendum that have developed in domestic science. The main problem of the implementation of the referendum mechanism on its self-determination is investigated, and an assessment of its effectiveness is given. The individual presents several possible implementation options for the implementation of the mechanism, based on an analysis of his experience.

Key words: referendum, direct democracy, the right to self-determination, sovereignty, separatism, secession.

DOI 10.35775/PSI.2023.94.1.040

N.E. CHITAYEV Student of the Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities Ishim Pedagogical Institute. P.P. Ershov (branch) Tyumen State University, Ishim, Russia

V.V. ZIMIN Student of the Faculty of Physics and Mathematics and Natural Sciences Ishim Pedagogical institute P.P. Ershov (branch) of Tyumen state university, Ishim, Russia

HISTORY OF NIKOLAEV CHURCH "IN THE NAME OF THE POKROV OF THE HOLY MOTHER OF GOD"

In the article, the authors tell the story of the formation of the Nicholas Church "in the name of the Intercession of the Most Holy Theotokos", its location, activities in the countryside, relations with local residents, with the authorities at different times. Also in the article you can find information about: the rector of the church Vasily Argentovsky, his achievements and work; the village of Nikolaevka and local residents at the beginning and end of the 20th century; attitude of the Soviet authorities to this church.

Key words: Nikolaevka, Nikolaevskaya church, church "in the name of the Intercession of the Most Holy Theotokos".